Corncob and straw returning method

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of straw returning, and provides a corncob straw returning method which comprises the following steps: threshing corn to obtain corncobs; performing crushing treatment on the corncobs; and uniformly turning over and returning the crushed corncobs to the field. According to the method, corncobs obtained after corn threshing are used for returning to the field, other parts of corn straw are not added, the corncobs are smashed, the method can be alternately carried out with other corn straw returning technologies, operation is easy to achieve, the corncob straw returning area and the returning amount can be flexibly planned according to the size of a field piece and the total planting amount, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. The method has high flexibility, solves the problems of corncob waste, slow corn straw returning, less increase of soil organic matters, less increase of soil beneficial microorganisms and the like in the prior art, and can effectively improve the organic carbon content of the soil and increase the diversity of the soil microorganisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of straw returning to the field, and particularly relates to a method for returning corn cob straw to the field. Background Art

[0002] During the processing of corn, a large amount of by-products will be generated. The corn cob is the remaining part after the corn ear is threshed, and it is one of the main by-products in the corn production process. Except for a small part of the corn cob resources used in papermaking pulp, biological sugar production, and livestock feed, most of the rest are discarded or incinerated.

[0003] Corn straw includes parts such as corn stalks and corn cobs, and it is an agricultural waste rich in carbon. Returning corn straw to the field can effectively enhance and improve the soil aggregate structure, improve the soil properties, and supplement soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus elements, thereby solving problems such as soil degradation, loss of soil organic carbon and nutrients, and decline in soil fertility in agricultural development.

[0004] Currently, the methods of returning corn straw to the field are mainly divided into two categories, namely direct returning and indirect returning. Among them, the direct returning method includes plowing and burying, burning, mechanical returning, and surface covering. Direct returning is also the simplest, most convenient, time-saving, and labor-saving method of returning straw to the field. However, in the overall direct returning treatment of corn straw, due to the large volume of straw, the decomposition of straw is often slow, the absorption and utilization of straw nutrients are blocked, the improvement of soil organic matter is limited, and the crop yield is reduced. There are many challenges in the utilization of straw resources. In contrast, the corn straw crushing and returning technology is to crush the harvested straw and then turn it into the soil. This method can quickly convert the straw into organic fertilizer, effectively improve the content of soil organic matter, and improve the soil structure. However, if the amount of straw returned to the field is too large or the turning and pressing operation is uneven, it is easy to cause soil compaction or excessive voids, which will have a negative impact on the crop roots.

[0005] In summary, for the technical methods applicable to the corn straw returning to the field, the issues of the parts of corn straw returned to the field and the size characteristics of the corn straw returned to the field must be fully considered to ensure that the straw can effectively increase the content of soil organic carbon and the diversity of soil microorganisms. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for returning corn cob straw to the field, aiming to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows. A method for returning corn cob straw to the field includes the following steps:

[0008] Thresh the corn to obtain corn cobs;

[0009] Crush the corn cobs;

[0010] The crushed corncobs are evenly plowed back into the field.

[0011] Preferably, in the step of crushing the corncobs, the crushed corncobs are 1 - 1.5 cm in size.

[0012] Preferably, in the step of evenly plowing the crushed corncobs back into the field, the depth of returning to the field is 0 - 20 cm.

[0013] A method for returning corncob straw to the field provided by an embodiment of the present invention uses the corncobs after corn threshing to return to the field, without adding other parts of the corn straw, and the corncobs are crushed. This method can be rotated with other corn straw returning technologies, is easy to implement in operation, and the corncob straw returning area and the amount of straw returned can be flexibly planned according to the size of the field and the total planting amount. It has strong flexibility. This method solves the problems in the prior art such as waste of corncobs, slow return of corn straw to the field, less increase in soil organic matter, and less increase in beneficial soil microorganisms, and can effectively improve the soil organic carbon content and increase soil microbial diversity. Specific Embodiments

[0014] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0015] The following describes in detail the specific implementation of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments.

[0016] Embodiment 1. A method for returning corncob straw to the field includes the following steps:

[0017] (1) Thresh the corn to obtain corncobs;

[0018] (2) Crush the corncobs, and the size after treatment is about 1 cm;

[0019] (3) Evenly plow the crushed corncobs back into the field, and the depth of returning to the field is 2 cm.

[0020] Embodiment 2. A method for returning corncob straw to the field includes the following steps:

[0021] (1) Thresh the corn to obtain corncobs;

[0022] (2) Crush the corncobs, and the size after treatment is about 1 cm;

[0023] (3) Evenly plow the crushed corncobs back into the field, and the depth of returning to the field is 10 cm.

[0024] Example 3. A method for returning corn cob straw to the field, comprising the following steps:

[0025] (1) Thresh the corn to obtain corn cobs;

[0026] (2) Crush the corn cobs, and the size after treatment is about 1 cm;

[0027] (3) Uniformly plow the crushed corn cobs back into the field, and the tillage depth is 20 cm.

[0028] Effect analysis:

[0029] Use the method for returning corn cob straw to the field in the embodiment of the present invention to treat corn fields in Nong'an County, Jilin Province (45°3′5.64840″N, 123°13′19.801200″E): After threshing the corn in the first year, use the corn cobs to return to the field. Transport all the corn cobs and concentrate them in the target 1 / 3 field area as the corn cob return area, without adding other parts of corn straw. Crush the corn cobs to a size of about 1 cm, uniformly plow them back into the field, and the tillage depth is 10 cm; The remaining 1 / 3 field area is used as the corn stalk return area, which is crushed to a size of about 1 cm and uniformly plowed back into the field, and the tillage depth is 0 - 20 cm; The remaining 1 / 3 field area has no straw return and is used as the blank area;

[0030] Measure the nutrient content such as soil organic matter in April of the second year, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0031] Table 1 Changes in soil nutrients after returning different parts of corn straw to the field

[0032]

[0033] To sum up, the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention has practical significance. It not only avoids the waste of corn cob resources, but also effectively increases the soil organic matter and nutrient content. The on-site detection results show that compared with returning corn stalk straw to the field, the soil organic matter increases by 37.7% when returning corn cobs to the field.

[0034] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for returning corn cob and straw to the field, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Thresh the corn to obtain corn cobs; Crush the corn cobs; Evenly plow the crushed corn cobs back into the field.

2. The method for returning corn cob and straw to the field according to claim 1, wherein, In the step of crushing the corn cobs, the crushed corn cobs are 1 - 1.5 cm.

3. The method for returning corn cob and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of evenly plowing the crushed corn cobs back into the field, the tillage depth is 0 - 20 cm.

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