A high-efficiency breeding system and method for carassius auratus based on biological floc regulation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on biological floc regulation Pengze crucian high-efficiency breeding system and method, it is related to aquaculture system technical field;Including: water quality monitoring and regulation module, based on sensor array, real-time monitoring water temperature, basic physicochemical indexes such as pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, oxidation-reduction potential;Biological floc culture and regulation module, construct biological floc culture reactor.The present application is based on biological floc growth model and microbial community dynamic monitoring, can realize the fine cultivation and management of biological floc;According to the nutritional requirements and breeding environment conditions of Pengze crucian in different growth stages, accurately adjust biological floc culture parameters, directional cultivation is out of high-quality biological floc with moderate particle size, rich nutrition, rich in beneficial microorganisms;Biological floc in aquaculture water not only can be used as natural bait for Pengze crucian to feed, improve feed utilization rate, also can adsorb and degrade harmful substances in water, play the role of purifying water quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aquaculture systems, and in particular to a Pengze crucian carp high-efficiency breeding system and method based on biological floc regulation. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the traditional Pengze crucian carp breeding mode, water quality management mainly relies on artificial experience for regular water replacement and simple water quality conditioner spraying. However, this approach has many drawbacks. First, artificial detection of water quality indicators has certain time lag and inaccuracy, making it difficult to grasp the dynamic changes of water quality in real time, and often the water quality problem is not detected until it is serious, missing the best control opportunity. Second, although water replacement can temporarily improve water quality, it may cause stress reactions in fish during the water replacement process, affecting their growth performance and immunity, and a large amount of water replacement also causes water resource waste and increases the cost of breeding. In addition, with the continuous increase in breeding density, the accumulation of breeding waste and the problem of feed residues are becoming increasingly prominent, and simply relying on water replacement has been difficult to maintain a good water quality environment, easily causing various fish diseases and causing huge economic losses to breeders.

[0003] After searching, the application scheme with Chinese patent application number CN202211633996.0 discloses a water product circulating water breeding system based on intelligent control, which comprises a server, a biological filtration device, an ozone sterilization device, an oxygen supply device, a temperature control device, a circulating water pipeline, and a breeding system soft water bag pool body, and further comprises a water body detection module, a feeding monitoring module, and a physical filtration device. The water body detection module is used for detecting the water quality in the breeding system soft water bag pool body, the feeding monitoring module is used for monitoring the feeding state of fish, and the physical filtration device is used for filtering the water quality in the breeding system soft water bag pool body. The feeding monitoring module is arranged above the breeding system soft water bag pool body and faces the breeding system soft water bag pool body to monitor the feeding condition of the fish group. The circulating water breeding system in the above-mentioned patent has the problem that simply relying on water replacement has been difficult to maintain a good water quality environment, and needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to provide a Pengze crucian carp high-efficiency breeding system and method based on biological floc regulation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A Pengze crucian carp high-efficiency breeding system based on biological floc regulation comprises:

[0007] A water quality monitoring and regulation module based on a sensor array, which monitors the basic physicochemical indicators of water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and oxidation-reduction potential in real time.

[0008] Biofloc culture and regulation module, a biofloc culture reactor is constructed, using activated sludge or specific microbial inoculum as seed source, by controlling the water quality, stirring intensity, aeration parameters to promote the growth and development of biofloc;

[0009] Feed feeding and nutrition regulation module, the feed formula is determined according to the nutrition demand model of Pengze crucian at different growth stages;

[0010] Disease monitoring module, underwater camera is installed to monitor the behavior, body color and feeding of Pengze crucian in real time, and image recognition technology is used to analyze the health status of fish body.

[0011] Preferably, the water quality monitoring and regulation module, the data acquisition frequency is every 5 minutes, and the water quality comprehensive index WQI is calculated by the following formula: Wherein, is the weight coefficient of the ith index, is the real-time monitoring value, is the center value of the suitable growth range, is the standard deviation of the index; when When the set threshold is exceeded, the system automatically starts the corresponding water quality regulation equipment.

[0012] Preferably, the water quality monitoring and regulation module, for dissolved oxygen DO, by controlling the running power of the oxygenator To maintain it in the best range, the formula is as follows: Wherein, , is the adjustment coefficient, is the dissolved oxygen change rate.

[0013] Preferably, the water quality monitoring and regulation module, the harmful substance concentration in water is detected by using a biosensor, the conversion capacity of biofloc to nitrogen is combined, and the absorption and conversion of pollutants by biofloc are promoted by regulating the biofloc culture conditions; the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by biofloc The calculation formula is: Wherein, is the influent ammonia nitrogen concentration, is the effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration; according to the feedback result of removal efficiency, the nutrient salt addition amount and illumination time of the biofloc culture system are adjusted in time.

[0014] Preferably, the biofloc culture and regulation module, the growth kinetics model of biofloc is described by the modified Logistic equation: Wherein, X is the dry weight concentration of biofloc, μ is the maximum specific growth rate, is the environmental capacity, is the endogenous respiration coefficient.

[0015] Preferably, during the cultivation process of the cultivation system, the particle size distribution PSD and microbial community structure of the biological floc are detected regularly by using an optical microscope and a flow cytometer, and the culture conditions are adjusted according to the detection results.

[0016] Preferably, the adjustment of the culture conditions is specifically as follows: when it is found that the abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the biological floc decreases, the amount of organic carbon source added is increased to promote the growth and reproduction of the beneficial microorganisms; the particle size of the biological floc is regulated by changing the stirring speed v and the aeration mode to meet the feeding requirements of the P. mandarinus at different growth stages; the relationship between the particle size distribution and the stirring speed can be represented by the following formula: wherein a and b are fitting coefficients related to the characteristics of the biological floc and the structure of the reactor.

[0017] Preferably, the feed feeding and nutrition regulation module determines the feed formula according to the nutrition requirement model of the P. mandarinus at different growth stages; during the fry stage, the body length is ≤3 cm, the crude protein content is 40%-45%, and the essential amino acid index EAAI is greater than 90%; as the fish body grows, the proportion of the nutritional components of the feed is gradually adjusted, and the crude protein content is reduced to 30%-35% during the adult fish stage; the feed feeding amount F is calculated according to the fish body weight growth rate GR and the water temperature T: wherein, , is an empirical coefficient, and W is the fish body weight.

[0018] Preferably, during the feeding process of the cultivation system, the combination of the distribution of the biological floc in the water body and the combination of the fixed-point and scattered feeding are adopted to ensure that the feed can be uniformly dispersed and fully contacted with the biological floc, and at the same time, the feeding time and feeding amount information of each feeding are recorded and uploaded to the data analysis center.

[0019] The disease monitoring module comprises a feeding cabin, and an underwater camera is installed on one side of the feeding cabin to capture images of the P. mandarinus entering the feeding cabin to eat, and whether there is a disease is analyzed by an image analysis unit.

[0020] Preferably, the feeding compartments of the disease monitoring module are arranged in series, each feeding compartment is equipped with a camera and a feeder, and each feeding compartment is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the outlet of one feeding compartment is connected to the inlet of another feeding compartment through a pipeline; the inlets of the feeding compartments at the two ends are provided with an expanded structure; the disease monitoring module further comprises an impeller flow disrupter, which is used to promote the flow of the water body to the inlet of the end feeding compartment to drive the P. mandoini to move in the series of feeding compartments; when the camera of the first feeding compartment obtains the image information of the P. mandoini during disease monitoring, the impeller flow disrupter works to promote the movement of the P. mandoini, and at the same time, the system sends feeding instructions to the feeders in each feeding compartment according to the preset program and time interval, and the feeders in each feeding compartment feed the feed in an orderly manner; each camera obtains the image information of the P. mandoini, and the image analysis unit analyzes the obtained image information to analyze the performance of the P. mandoini during foraging and movement.

[0021] The analysis and processing of the image information by the image analysis unit are specifically as follows:

[0022] First, the original images obtained from each camera are preprocessed;

[0023] The convolutional neural network is used to extract the key features in the images; through the operation of multiple convolutional layers and pooling layers, the feature patterns related to the behavior, body color and feeding of the P. mandoini in the images are automatically learned;

[0024] The extracted features are input into the full connection layer for target detection and classification; by comparing and calculating with the pre-trained model parameters, it is determined whether there is P. mandoini with abnormal behavior, whether the body color is normal and how the feeding is in the image.

[0025] Preferably, the breeding method of the breeding system comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1: pond preparation and basic setting, selecting a breeding site, laying a layer of organic-rich mud with a thickness of about 10-15 cm at the bottom of the pond as the basic substrate for biological floc culture; setting up independent water inlet and drainage outlet, installing anti-escape facilities; disinfecting the pond before stocking;

[0027] S2: fry stocking and initial cultivation, selecting healthy and uniform P. mandoini fry, and stocking at a density of 8-10 million per mu; the fry is subjected to water test before being put into the pond to adapt to the water temperature difference of no more than 2℃; in the first 1-2 weeks after the fry is put into the pond, appropriate amount of activated sludge and microbial agent are added to the pond, and the water quality COD:N:P is controlled at 100:5:1 to promote the formation and growth of biological floc; the water quality index and biological floc development are monitored every day, and the culture conditions are adjusted in time;

[0028] S3: Growth period aquaculture management. As the fry grow, gradually increase the amount of artificial feed and feed them according to the methods in the feed feeding and nutrition regulation module; regularly check the growth of the fish, measure the body length and weight of the fish once a month, and draw a growth curve; adjust the feed formula and feeding strategy according to the analysis results of the growth curve.

[0029] S4: Water quality monitoring and control, regularly collect water samples for laboratory analysis, including ammonia nitrogen and nitrite index testing, and use online water quality monitoring equipment to monitor water quality changes in real time; activate water quality control equipment in a timely manner based on water quality monitoring data;

[0030] S5: Continuously optimize the culture conditions of bioflocs, and adjust the stirring speed and aeration parameters according to the growth stage of Pengze crucian carp; regularly test the microbial community structure and particle size distribution of bioflocs;

[0031] S6: Adult fish farming. When the Pengze crucian carp grows to the size of commercial fish, with a body length ≥15cm and a weight ≥100g, it enters the adult fish farming stage; the farming density is reduced to 30,000-50,000 fish / acre.

[0032] S7: Capture; Stop feeding artificial feed 1-2 weeks before harvest, and use a rotational capture and release method to capture commercial fish in batches.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. This invention, based on a biofloc growth model and dynamic monitoring of microbial communities, enables precise cultivation and management of bioflocs. According to the nutritional needs of Pengze crucian carp at different growth stages and the aquaculture environment, the biofloc cultivation parameters, such as stirring speed, aeration intensity, and the types and amounts of organic carbon sources and nutrients added, are precisely adjusted to cultivate high-quality bioflocs with appropriate particle size, rich nutrition, and abundant beneficial microorganisms. In the aquaculture water, the bioflocs not only serve as natural feed for Pengze crucian carp, improving feed utilization, but also adsorb and degrade harmful substances in the water, such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and organic matter, thus purifying the water quality, replacing some water exchange operations, and reducing water resource consumption and environmental pollution risks during the aquaculture process.

[0035] 2. This invention utilizes an integrated water quality monitoring sensor network to monitor key water quality indicators such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrite in real time. Combined with advanced data analysis algorithms, it can accurately grasp dynamic changes in water quality. Based on the water quality monitoring data, the system can intelligently control oxygenation equipment, aeration devices, and water quality regulator dosing equipment to achieve precise water quality control. For example, when dissolved oxygen is below a set threshold, the aeration rate is automatically increased; when ammonia nitrogen content rises, the system precisely controls the nitrifying bacteria culture conditions to promote the conversion of ammonia nitrogen by bioflocs, ensuring that the water quality remains stable within a suitable range for the growth of Pengze crucian carp and effectively reducing the risk of fish diseases caused by sudden changes in water quality.

[0036] 3. This invention comprehensively considers factors such as the growth curve of Pengze crucian carp, water temperature, water quality, and the distribution of bioflocs. It utilizes a scientific feed formulation model and intelligent feeding equipment to achieve precise feed delivery. The appropriate proportions of feed nutrients and the amount of feed are determined according to the fish's growth stage, avoiding overfeeding that leads to feed waste and water pollution, while also preventing underfeeding from affecting fish growth and development. Through synergistic effects with bioflocs, the feed not only meets the nutritional needs of Pengze crucian carp but also promotes the growth and reproduction of bioflocs, further improving the resource utilization efficiency and ecological stability of the aquaculture system. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a framework diagram of a high-efficiency Pengze crucian carp farming system based on biofloc regulation proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a high-efficiency aquaculture system for Pengze crucian carp based on biofloc regulation proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0040] Example 1: A high-efficiency Pengze crucian carp farming system based on biofloc regulation, comprising:

[0041] The water quality monitoring and control module, based on a sensor array, monitors basic physicochemical indicators such as water temperature (T), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity (EC), and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in real time.

[0042] The biofloc cultivation and control module constructs a biofloc cultivation reactor, using activated sludge or specific microbial agents as seed sources, and promotes the growth and development of bioflocs by controlling parameters such as influent water quality (COD, N, P ratio), stirring intensity (G), and aeration rate (Q).

[0043] The feed feeding and nutrition regulation module determines the feed formula based on the nutrition requirement model of Pengze crucian carp at different growth stages.

[0044] The disease monitoring module is equipped with an underwater camera to monitor the behavior, body color, and feeding of Pengze crucian carp in real time, and uses image recognition technology to analyze the health status of the fish.

[0045] The water quality monitoring and control module collects data every 5 minutes and calculates the Water Quality Index (WQI) using the following formula: in, The weighting coefficient for the i-th indicator is determined based on its impact on the growth of Pengze crucian carp. For real-time monitoring values, The central value of the suitable growth range, The standard deviation of this indicator; when When the set threshold is exceeded, the system will automatically activate the corresponding water quality adjustment equipment.

[0046] For dissolved oxygen (DO), control the operating power of the aerator. To maintain it within the optimal range, the formula is as follows: in, , For adjustment coefficients, Rate of change in dissolved oxygen.

[0047] Biosensors are used to detect the concentrations of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in water. Combined with the nitrogen conversion capacity of bioflocs, the absorption and conversion of pollutants are promoted by adjusting the culture conditions of the bioflocs (such as carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, light intensity, and stirring speed). The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by bioflocs is assessed. The calculation formula is: in, The influent ammonia nitrogen concentration, The concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the effluent; based on the feedback results of removal efficiency, adjust the amount of nutrients added and the duration of light in the biofloc culture system as needed.

[0048] The biofloc culture and regulation module uses a modified Logistic equation to describe the biofloc growth kinetics model. Where X is the dry weight concentration of bioflocs (g / L), and μ is the maximum specific growth rate. , Environmental carrying capacity (g / L) Endogenous respiration coefficient The particle size distribution (PSD) and microbial community structure of the bioflocs were regularly monitored using optical microscopy, flow cytometry, and other equipment (abundance and diversity of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, etc., analyzed by high-throughput sequencing), and culture conditions were adjusted based on the results. For example, when a decrease in the abundance of beneficial microorganisms (such as nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria) in the bioflocs was observed, the amount of organic carbon source (such as glucose and sucrose) was appropriately increased to promote their growth and reproduction. Simultaneously, the particle size of the bioflocs was controlled by changing the stirring speed (v) and aeration method to meet the feeding needs of Pengze crucian carp at different growth stages. The relationship between particle size distribution and stirring speed can be expressed by the following formula: Where a and b are fitting coefficients, which are related to the characteristics of the bioflocs and the reactor structure.

[0049] The feed feeding and nutrition regulation module determines the feed formula based on the nutritional requirements model of Pengze crucian carp at different growth stages. During the fry stage (body length ≤3cm), a high-protein, high-essential-amino-acid (EAAI) feed is emphasized, with a crude protein content of 40%-45% and an EAAI greater than 90%. As the fish grow, the proportion of nutrients in the feed is gradually adjusted, and the crude protein content can be reduced to 30%-35% during the adult stage. The feed dosage (F) is calculated based on factors such as the fish's body weight gain rate (GR) and water temperature (T). in, , Here, W is an empirical coefficient, and W is the fish's body weight (g).

[0050] Feed ingredients are ultra-finely ground and extruded to produce pelleted feed with good palatability and high digestibility. During feeding, a combination of fixed-point and scattered feeding methods is used, taking into account the distribution of bioflocs in the water, to ensure that the feed is evenly dispersed and in full contact with the bioflocs, thereby improving feed utilization. Simultaneously, intelligent feeding equipment records information such as the time and amount of each feeding and uploads it to a data analysis center for evaluation and feedback adjustments to feed utilization efficiency.

[0051] The disease monitoring module includes a feeding chamber with an underwater camera installed on one side to capture images of Pengze crucian carp entering the feeding chamber to feed. The image analysis unit analyzes whether there are any signs of disease, such as white spots, gill rot, or bleeding.

[0052] Example 2: A high-efficiency Pengze crucian carp farming system based on biofloc regulation. This example, building upon Example 1, features a disease monitoring module with multiple feeding chambers arranged in series. Each feeding chamber is equipped with a camera and a feeder, and each chamber has an inlet and an outlet. The outlet of one feeding chamber is connected to the inlet of another via a pipe. The inlets of the feeding chambers at one end and the outlets of the feeding chambers at the other end are flared. The disease monitoring module also includes an impeller-driven flow control mechanism to promote water flow towards the inlet of the end feeding chamber, thus driving the Pengze crucian carp to move within the series of feeding chambers. During disease monitoring, when the camera in the first feeding chamber acquires an image of the Pengze crucian carp, the impeller-driven flow control mechanism activates, prompting the carp to move. Simultaneously, the system sends feeding instructions to the feeders in each feeding chamber according to a preset program and time interval, and the feeders in each feeding chamber feed the carp in an orderly manner. Each camera acquires an image of the Pengze crucian carp, and the image analysis unit analyzes the acquired image information to assess the carp's behavior during foraging and movement.

[0053] The image analysis unit performs the following specific analysis and processing of image information:

[0054] First, the raw images acquired from each camera are preprocessed;

[0055] Convolutional neural networks are used to extract key features from images; through the operation of multiple convolutional and pooling layers, feature patterns related to the behavior, body color, and feeding of Pengze crucian carp in the images are automatically learned.

[0056] The extracted features are input into a fully connected layer for target detection and classification. By comparing and calculating with the pre-trained model parameters, it is determined whether there are Pengze crucian carp exhibiting abnormal behavior in the image, whether their body color is normal, and their feeding status.

[0057] Example 3: A method for raising Pengze crucian carp using a biofloc-based high-efficiency aquaculture system, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1: Pond preparation and basic setup. Select a pond with sufficient water supply, good water quality, and convenient drainage and irrigation as the breeding site. The area is determined according to the breeding scale, generally 5-20 mu. Lay a layer of organic-rich bottom mud with a thickness of about 10-15cm at the bottom of the pond as the basic substrate for biofloc culture. Set up independent water inlet and outlet and install necessary escape prevention facilities. Disinfect the pond before stocking. Quicklime (150-200kg / mu) can be used to sprinkle the whole pond.

[0059] S2: Fish fry stocking and initial rearing. Select robust and uniformly sized Pengze crucian carp fry, and control the stocking density at 80,000-100,000 fry / mu. Before stocking the fry, a water trial operation is required to ensure that the water temperature difference does not exceed 2℃. In the first 1-2 weeks after the fry are released into the pond, they mainly rely on plankton in the pond and artificially sprinkled soybean milk as their initial feed. During this stage, the focus is on cultivating bioflocs by adding appropriate amounts of activated sludge and microbial agents to the pond and controlling the influent water quality (COD:N:P=100:5:1) to promote the formation and growth of bioflocs. Monitor water quality indicators and biofloc development daily and adjust the cultivation conditions in a timely manner.

[0060] S3: Growth period aquaculture management. As the fry grow, gradually increase the amount of artificial feed and feed them according to the methods in the feed feeding and nutrition regulation module above. Regularly check the growth of the fish and measure the body length, weight and other indicators of the fish once a month to draw a growth curve. Adjust the feed formula and feeding strategy according to the analysis results of the growth curve.

[0061] S4: Water quality monitoring and control to maintain water quality stability within a suitable range; collect water samples every half month for laboratory analysis, including testing for indicators such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, and use online water quality monitoring equipment to monitor water quality changes in real time; activate water quality control equipment in a timely manner based on water quality monitoring data to ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen and clean water quality;

[0062] S5: Continuously optimize the culture conditions of bioflocs, and adjust parameters such as stirring speed and aeration volume according to the growth stage of Pengze crucian carp to maintain the good activity and function of bioflocs; regularly test the microbial community structure and particle size distribution of bioflocs to ensure that they can meet the feeding needs of fish and the water purification requirements.

[0063] S6: Adult fish farming. When the Pengze crucian carp grow to the size of commercial fish (body length ≥15cm, weight ≥100g), they enter the adult fish farming stage. At this stage, the farming density is further reduced to 30,000-50,000 fish / acre to improve the quality and yield of commercial fish. Continue to strengthen water quality management and precise control of feed feeding, and pay attention to disease prevention and control.

[0064] S7: Capture; Stop feeding artificial feed 1-2 weeks before harvest to reduce residue in the fish's intestines and improve the quality of the fish meat; adopt a rotational harvesting and release method to harvest commercial fish in batches to avoid excessive impact on the aquatic environment from a single harvest; after capture, quickly transport the fish to the market for sale or temporary holding facilities to ensure the freshness and vitality of the fish.

[0065] For aspects not described in detail in this invention, such as intelligent feeding devices, existing technologies can be referenced and applied, and will not be elaborated here.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency breeding system for Carassius auratus based on biological floc regulation, characterized in that, Comprise: Water quality monitoring and control module, based on sensor array, real-time monitoring of water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, oxidation-reduction potential of basic physicochemical index; Bio-floc culture and control module, to build bio-floc culture reactor, with activated sludge or specific microbial inoculant as seed source, by controlling the water quality, stirring intensity, aeration parameters to promote the growth and development of bio-floc; Feed feeding and nutrition control module, according to the nutritional requirement model of Pengze crucian carp in different growth stages to determine the feed formula; Disease monitoring module, underwater camera installed on one side of the feeding cabin, used to capture the image of Pengze crucian carp entering the feeding cabin for food, through image analysis unit to analyze whether there is disease. The water quality monitoring and control module, the data acquisition frequency is every 5 minutes, using the following formula to calculate the water quality comprehensive index WQI: wherein w i is the weight coefficient of the ith index, C i is the real-time monitoring value, C io is the central value of the suitable growth range, S i is the standard deviation of the index; when the WQI exceeds the set threshold value, the system automatically starts the corresponding water quality adjusting device; The water quality monitoring and regulating module, for dissolved oxygen DO, maintains it in the optimal range by controlling the operating power P of the oxygenator DO The formula is as follows: wherein k1, k2 are adjustment coefficients, is the rate of change of dissolved oxygen The water quality monitoring and regulating module utilizes a biological sensor to detect the concentration of harmful substances in water, combines the conversion capacity of biological floc to nitrogen, and promotes the absorption and conversion of pollutants by regulating the culture conditions of biological floc; the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by biological floc The calculation formula is: wherein, is the influent ammonia nitrogen concentration, is the effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration; according to the removal efficiency feedback result, the nutrient salt addition amount and the light duration of the biological floc culture system are adjusted in a timely manner; The bio-floc growth kinetics model of the bio-floc culture and control module is described by the modified Logistic equation: where X is the dry weight concentration of biofloc, μ is the maximum specific growth rate, X max is the environmental carrying capacity, k d is the endogenous respiration coefficient.

2. The Pengze crucian carp efficient breeding system based on biological floc regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the cultivation process of the cultivation system, optical microscope and flow cytometry are used to detect the particle size distribution PSD and microbial community structure of bio-floc regularly, and the culture conditions are adjusted according to the detection results.

3. The Pengze crucian carp efficient breeding system based on biological floc regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment of culture conditions is as follows: when it is found that the abundance of beneficial microorganisms in bio-floc decreases, the amount of organic carbon source is increased to promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms; the particle size of bio-floc is adjusted by changing the stirring speed v and aeration mode to meet the feeding needs of Pengze crucian carp in different growth stages; the relationship between particle size distribution and stirring speed can be represented by the following formula: PSD = ae -bv Where a and b are fitting coefficients related to the characteristics of bio-floc and the structure of the reactor.

4. The Pengze crucian carp efficient breeding system based on biological floc regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed feeding and nutrition control module determines the feed formula according to the nutritional requirement model of Pengze crucian carp in different growth stages; during the fry stage, the body length is less than or equal to 3 cm, the crude protein content is 40%-45%, and the essential amino acid index EAAI is greater than 90%; as the fish grows, the proportion of feed nutrients is gradually adjusted, and during the adult stage, the crude protein content is reduced to 30%-35%; the feed feeding amount F is calculated according to the fish body weight growth rate GR and water temperature T factors: Where k3 and k4 are empirical coefficients, and W is the fish body weight; During the feeding process of the cultivation system, combined with the distribution of bio-floc in the water body, the combination of fixed point and scattered feeding is adopted to ensure that the feed can be uniformly dispersed and fully contacted with bio-floc, at the same time, the feeding time and feeding amount information are recorded and uploaded to the data analysis center; The disease monitoring module includes a feeding cabin, and the underwater camera is installed on one side of the feeding cabin, which is used to capture the image of Pengze crucian carp entering the feeding cabin for food, and the image analysis unit is used to analyze whether there is disease.

5. The Pengze crucian carp efficient breeding system based on biological floc regulation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feeding cabin of the disease monitoring module is arranged in series, each feeding cabin is equipped with a camera and a feeder, the feeding cabin is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the outlet of one feeding cabin is connected to the inlet of another feeding cabin through a pipeline, and the inlet of the feeding cabin at one end and the outlet of the feeding cabin at the other end are arranged in an expanded type; the disease monitoring module further comprises an impeller flow disrupter, the impeller flow disrupter is used to promote the flow of the water body to the inlet of the end feeding cabin to drive the Procypris perennis to move in the series feeding cabin; when the camera of the first feeding cabin obtains the image information of the Procypris perennis during the disease monitoring, the impeller flow disrupter works to promote the movement of the Procypris perennis, at the same time, the system sends feeding instructions to the feeder in each feeding cabin according to the preset program and time interval, and the feeders in each feeding cabin feed the feed in an orderly manner; each camera obtains the image information of the Procypris perennis, and the image analysis unit analyzes the obtained image information to analyze the performance of the Procypris perennis during foraging and movement; The analysis and processing of the image information by the image analysis unit are specifically as follows: First, the original images obtained from the cameras are preprocessed; Key features in the images are extracted by using a convolutional neural network; through the operation of multiple convolutional layers and pooling layers, the feature patterns related to the behavior, body color and feeding of the Procypris perennis in the images are automatically learned; The extracted features are input into a fully connected layer for target detection and classification; by comparing and calculating with the pre-trained model parameters, it is determined whether there is Procypris perennis with abnormal behavior, whether the body color is normal and how the feeding is.

6. The bio-floc-based management system for high-density breeding of Pengze crucian carp according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The breeding method of the breeding system comprises the following steps: S1: pond preparation and basic setting, selecting a breeding site, laying a layer of organic-rich mud with a thickness of about 10-15 cm at the bottom of the pond as the basic substrate for biological floc culture; setting up independent water inlet and outlet, installing anti-escape facilities; disinfecting the pond before stocking; S2: fry stocking and initial cultivation, selecting healthy and uniform Procypris perennis fry, and stocking at a density of 80-100 thousand per mu; before the fry is put into the pond, test water operation is performed to adapt to the water temperature difference of not more than 2℃; in the first 1-2 weeks after the fry is put into the pond, add appropriate amount of active sludge and microbial agent to the pond, and control the water quality COD:N:P=100:5:1 to promote the formation and growth of biological floc; monitor the water quality index and biological floc development every day, and adjust the culture conditions in time; S3: growth period breeding management, gradually increasing the amount of artificial feed feeding as the fry grows, and feeding according to the method of the feed feeding and nutrition regulation module; regularly check the fish growth, measure the fish body length and weight index once a month, and draw the growth curve; adjust the feed formula and feeding strategy according to the analysis result of the growth curve; S4: water quality monitoring and regulation, regularly collect water samples for laboratory analysis, including ammonia nitrogen and nitrite index detection, and at the same time, use online water quality monitoring equipment to monitor the water quality change in real time; start the water quality regulation equipment in time according to the water quality monitoring data; S5: Continuous optimization of bio-floc culture conditions, according to the growth stage of Pengze crucian carp adjust stirring speed, aeration parameters; regular detection of bio-floc microbial community structure and particle size distribution; S6: Fish farming, when Pengze crucian carp grow to commercial fish size, body length ≥ 15 cm, body weight ≥ 100 g, into the fish farming stage; reduce the stocking density to 30-50 thousand / mu; S7: Capture; stop feeding artificial feed 1-2 weeks before harvest, use the way of round capture round release, batch capture commercial fish.

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