Micro-channel reaction device

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-channel reaction device, and belongs to the technical field of micro-channel reaction. The device comprises a plurality of groups of reaction channels which are sequentially communicated, each group of reaction channels comprises a reaction cylinder, a plurality of groups of mixing cylinders and a cover type sealing cylinder, the upper end and the lower end of each mixing cylinder are open, and the plurality of groups of mixing cylinders are mutually sealed and spliced along the inner axis of each reaction cylinder to form a longitudinal column of the reaction cylinders; a hopper-shaped output port is formed in the bottom of each group of mixing barrels; the top of each reaction cylinder is open, a cover type sealing cylinder used for maintaining the sealing state of the top of each reaction cylinder is detachably mounted at the top of each reaction cylinder, and the cover type sealing cylinders are pressed above the longitudinal columns of the reaction cylinders in a sealing manner; one side of the upper end of each reaction cylinder is detachably connected with a conveying pipe, and each conveying pipe is communicated with the interior of the corresponding cover type sealing cylinder. When the reaction kettle is used, the reaction efficiency is improved in a flow guide and flow gathering accelerated mixing manner, and only one overall circulation channel is provided, so that the blockage condition is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microchannel reactions, and particularly to a microchannel reaction device. Background Art

[0002] Microchannel reaction is a chemical reaction technology carried out in microscale channels. This technology can significantly improve the reaction rate and selectivity, and is particularly suitable for fast reactions, highly exothermic and high-risk chemical reactions. Microchannel reactors have advantages such as a large specific surface area and high mass and heat transfer efficiency, can achieve continuous production, and are easy to scale up, and are an important process intensification technology in the chemical industry.

[0003] The pipeline structure characteristics of existing microchannel reaction devices are mainly reflected in their compact and efficient designs. The device internally contains multiple parallel or series channels, forming a complex fluid network to achieve sufficient mixing and reaction of reactants. These channels are exquisitely designed to optimize fluid flow and improve the reaction rate and selectivity. At the same time, the device is also equipped with advanced temperature control and monitoring systems to ensure the stability and safety of the reaction process.

[0004] Although microchannel reaction devices have advantages such as high heat and mass transfer efficiency, they also have obvious deficiencies, especially that some parallel passages are prone to blockage. Due to the small size of the microchannels, solid particles, precipitates or high-viscosity substances generated during the reaction process are likely to accumulate in the channels, resulting in channel blockage. Once blocked, it will affect the normal flow and mixing of reactants and reduce the reaction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a microchannel reaction device, which can solve the problem that the pipelines of existing microchannel reaction devices are prone to blockage.

[0006] A microchannel reaction device includes multiple groups of reaction channels connected in sequence. Each group of the reaction channels includes a reaction cylinder, a mixing cylinder and a cover-type sealing cylinder. The upper and lower ends of the mixing cylinder are both open, and there are multiple groups. The multiple groups of mixing cylinders are hermetically spliced along the inner axis of the reaction cylinder to form a longitudinal column of reaction cylinders. A funnel-shaped output port is provided at the bottom of each group of mixing cylinders; the top of the reaction cylinder is open, and a cover-type sealing cylinder for maintaining the sealed state of the top of the reaction cylinder is detachably installed at the top. The cover-type sealing cylinder is hermetically pressed above the longitudinal column of reaction cylinders; one side of the upper end of each group of reaction cylinders is detachably connected to a delivery pipe. Each group of delivery pipes is connected to the inside of the corresponding cover-type sealing cylinder. The lower end of each group of reaction cylinders is detachably connected to a connecting pipe. At least one group of the delivery pipes is connected to an external input pipe, at least one group of the connecting pipes is connected to an external output pipe, and the other ends of all the other delivery pipes are connected to the corresponding connecting pipes.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: on the inner wall of each group of the mixing cylinders, a guiding assembly for changing the flow direction of the liquid is fixedly arranged.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the guiding assembly is a diversion plate obliquely arranged on the inner wall of the mixing cylinder.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: at the upper end of each group of the mixing cylinders, a docking convex ring is coaxially arranged, and a docking groove is formed on the side surface of the lower end of the mixing cylinder and is matched with the docking convex rings of other groups of mixing cylinders.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: an upper sealing groove is formed on the inner edge of the top of the reaction cylinder. The cover-type sealing cylinder includes a threaded block threadedly connected to the inner top of the reaction cylinder. A sealing ring matched with the upper sealing groove is arranged on the upper edge of the threaded block. A connecting column is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded block. The other end of the connecting column is fixedly connected with a sealing fixed cylinder. An inner surrounding groove is formed on the side surface of the lower end of the sealing fixed cylinder and is fitted with the docking convex ring on the corresponding mixing cylinder; a bottom connecting cylinder is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the reaction cylinder. The upper edge of the bottom connecting cylinder is fitted with the docking groove of the corresponding mixing cylinder, and the bottom of the bottom connecting cylinder is connected with the connecting pipe in a matching manner.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a temperature control mechanism is arranged on each group of the reaction cylinders.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a sealing pressing ring is coaxially and circumferentially fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the reaction cylinder, and an outer surrounding groove matched with the sealing pressing ring is formed on the side surface of the mixing cylinder.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the temperature control mechanism includes a heat conduction pipe penetrating through multiple groups of reaction cylinders. There is a gap between the inner walls of the mixing cylinder and the reaction cylinder, and a valve is fixedly arranged at the end of the heat conduction pipe.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the reaction cylinder, the mixing cylinder, the conveying pipe and the connecting pipe are all made of transparent materials.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the transparent material is glass.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] 1. When the present invention is in use, the reaction liquid input pipe can be connected to the delivery pipe at the starting end, and the reaction liquid output pipe can be connected to the connecting pipe at the end. The reaction liquid enters the flow channel from the reaction liquid input pipe and passes through multiple groups of mixing cylinders in sequence. The funnel-shaped output ports and guiding components inside each group of mixing cylinders will concentrate and mix the reaction liquid, thereby increasing the possibility of contact between reaction molecules in the reaction liquid and improving the reaction efficiency. Moreover, the device improves the reaction efficiency by means of guiding flow, converging flow and accelerating mixing, and there is only one overall flow path. By applying pressure to the reaction liquid, the situation of blockage in the flow path can be avoided.

[0018] 2. When the present invention is in use, the reaction cylinder, delivery pipe, mixing cylinder, cover-type sealing cylinder and connecting pipe are all made of transparent materials. When there are solids that are difficult to remove sticking to their inner walls, the position where it is difficult to remove can be found by observation, and then the component corresponding to this position can be disassembled and replaced, which is convenient for maintaining this component and at the same time reducing the impact on production efficiency.

[0019] 3. When the present invention is in use, since chemical reactions are divided into a fast reaction system, such as strong acid / strong base neutralization reaction, esterification reaction, and partial oxidation reaction, and a slow reaction system, such as multi-step nitration reaction and transesterification reaction. When in use, those skilled in the art can select the corresponding number of reaction cylinders according to the reaction rate of the reaction liquid, and connect the connecting pipes on these reaction cylinders to the delivery pipes on the next group of reaction cylinders in sequence, thereby forming a flow channel composed of multiple groups of reaction cylinders, delivery pipes, mixing cylinders, cover-type sealing cylinders and connecting pipes spliced together. When facing a fast reaction system, a shorter mixing channel can meet the instantaneous reaction requirements and avoid the waste of excessive residence time caused by multiple channels. When facing a slow reaction system, it is necessary to connect multiple stages of mixing channels in series to extend the contact time and ensure the full conversion of intermediate products, thereby improving the overall flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a microchannel reaction device provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of a mixing cylinder of a microchannel reaction device provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mixing cylinder of a microchannel reaction device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at A in

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at B in

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic longitudinal sectional view of the reaction cylinder of a microchannel reaction device provided by the present invention.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Reaction channel; 101. Reaction cylinder; 1011. Sealing press ring; 1012. Bottom connection cylinder; 1013. Upper sealing groove; 102. Mixing cylinder; 1021. Hopper-shaped output port; 1022. Docking groove; 1023. Docking convex ring; 1024. Guide assembly; 103. Cover-type sealing cylinder; 1031. Thread block; 1032. Connecting column; 1033. Sealing fixed cylinder; 1034. Outer circumferential groove; 1035. Inner circumferential groove; 1036. Sealing ring; 2. Delivery pipe; 3. Connecting pipe; 4. Temperature control mechanism; 401. Heat conduction pipe; 402. Valve. Specific embodiments

[0028] The following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0029] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, a microchannel reaction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes multiple groups of reaction channels 1 connected in sequence. Each group of reaction channels 1 includes a reaction cylinder 101, a mixing cylinder 102, and a cover-type sealing cylinder 103. As Figure 2As shown, both the upper and lower ends of the mixing cylinder 102 are open, and there are multiple groups. The multiple groups of mixing cylinders 102 are hermetically spliced along the inner axis of the reaction cylinder 101 to form a longitudinal column of the reaction cylinder 101. A funnel-shaped output port 1021 is provided at the bottom of each group of mixing cylinders 102. The reaction liquids gather and mix with each other at the position of the funnel-shaped output port 1021, thereby increasing the chance of mutual reaction. The top of the reaction cylinder 101 is open, and a cover-type sealing cylinder 103 for maintaining the sealed state of the top of the reaction cylinder 101 is detachably installed at the top. The cover-type sealing cylinder 103 is hermetically pressed above the longitudinal column of the reaction cylinder 101 to maintain the mutually pressing state of the longitudinal column of the reaction cylinder 101. One side of the upper end of each group of reaction cylinders 101 is detachably connected to a delivery pipe 2. Each group of delivery pipes 2 is communicated with the inside of the corresponding cover-type sealing cylinder 103. The lower end of each group of reaction cylinders 101 is detachably connected to a connecting pipe 3. The liquid to be mixed enters the reaction cylinder 101 from the delivery pipe 2 and then flows out of the reaction cylinder 101 from the connecting pipe 3. At least one group of delivery pipes 2 is communicated with an external input pipe, and at least one group of connecting pipes 3 is communicated with an external output pipe. The other ends of all the other delivery pipes 2 are connected to the corresponding connecting pipes 3. Because chemical reactions are divided into a fast reaction system (such as strong acid / alkali neutralization reaction, esterification reaction, partial oxidation reaction) and a slow reaction system (such as multi-step nitration reaction, transesterification reaction). In use, those skilled in the art can select the corresponding number of reaction cylinders 101 according to the reaction rate of the reaction liquid, and connect the connecting pipes 3 on these reaction cylinders 101 to the delivery pipes 2 on the next group of reaction cylinders 101 in sequence, thereby forming a flow channel composed of multiple groups of reaction cylinders 101, delivery pipes 2, mixing cylinders 102, cover-type sealing cylinders 103 and connecting pipes 3 spliced with each other.

[0030] A guiding component 1024 for changing the flow direction of the liquid is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of each group of mixing cylinders 102. The guiding component 1024 can be a deflector plate inclined on the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 102, such as Figure 2 shown, or a spiral guiding plate, which is used to increase the possibility of mutual mixing of the reaction liquid, or other components that can be used to force the reaction liquid to mix with each other. The reaction liquid enters the flow channel from the reaction liquid input pipe and passes through multiple groups of mixing cylinders 102 in sequence. The funnel-shaped output port 1021 and the guiding component 1024 inside each group of mixing cylinders 102 will both play a role in concentrating and mixing the reaction liquid, thereby increasing the possibility of mutual contact between the reaction molecules in the reaction liquid and improving the reaction efficiency.

[0031] At the upper end of each mixing cylinder 102, a docking convex ring 1023 is coaxially arranged. On the side surface of the lower end of the mixing cylinder 102, a docking groove 1022 is formed, which is adapted to the docking convex ring of other groups of mixing cylinders 102. The docking convex ring 1023 of the mixing cylinder 102 is stuck on the docking groove 1022 of another group of mixing cylinders 102 to realize the mating connection of the two groups of mixing cylinders 102. A sealing ring can be fixedly arranged on the docking convex ring 1023 to ensure the sealing and pressing effect between the two groups of mixing cylinders 102.

[0032] On the inner edge of the top of the reaction cylinder 101, an upper sealing groove 1013 is formed. The cover-type sealing cylinder 103 includes a threaded block 1031 that is threadedly connected to the inner top of the reaction cylinder 101. At the upper edge of the threaded block 1031, a sealing ring 1036 that is adapted to the upper sealing groove 1013 is arranged. At the bottom of the threaded block 1031, a connecting column 1032 is coaxially and fixedly connected. At the other end of the connecting column 1032, a sealing fixing cylinder 1033 is fixedly connected. On the side surface of the lower end of the sealing fixing cylinder 1033, an inner surrounding groove 1035 that is fitted with the docking convex ring 1023 on the corresponding mixing cylinder 102 is formed. In the vertical column of the mixing cylinders 102, the docking convex ring 1023 of the uppermost mixing cylinder 102 is clamped inside the inner surrounding groove 1035, realizing the detachable connection between the mixing cylinder 102 and the sealing fixing cylinder 1033. At the lower end of the reaction cylinder 101, a bottom connecting cylinder 1012 is fixedly arranged. As Figure 2 shown, the upper edge of the bottom connecting cylinder 1012 is fitted with the docking groove 1022 of the corresponding mixing cylinder 102. A side sealing ring can be arranged on the upper edge of the bottom connecting cylinder 1012 to maintain the sealing effect between the bottom connecting cylinder 1012 and the docking groove 1022. The bottom of the bottom connecting cylinder 1012 is connected to the connecting pipe 3 in a mating manner. In the vertical column of the mixing cylinders 102, the docking groove 1022 of the lowermost mixing cylinder 102 is clamped inside the bottom connecting cylinder 1012, thus realizing the detachable connection between the mixing cylinder 102 and the sealing fixing cylinder 1033.

[0033] The reaction cylinder 101, the mixing cylinder 102, the conveying pipe 2 and the connecting pipe 3 are all preferably made of transparent materials, preferably glass materials. It is convenient to observe the color and position of the reaction liquid inside the reaction cylinder 101, the mixing cylinder 102, the conveying pipe 2 and the connecting pipe 3, so as to judge the reaction situation. At the same time, when it is difficult to remove the solids sticking to its inner wall, the position where it is difficult to remove can be found through observation, and then the component corresponding to this position can be disassembled and replaced, which is convenient for maintaining this component and reducing the impact on production efficiency.

[0034] In another specific embodiment, when necessary, a temperature control mechanism 4 is arranged on each reaction cylinder 101, as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the temperature control mechanism 4 includes a heat conduction tube 401 that penetrates through multiple groups of reaction cylinders 101. There is a gap between the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 102 and the reaction cylinder 101. A valve 402 is fixedly arranged at the end of the heat conduction tube 401. Heat carrier liquid is injected into each reaction cylinder 101 through the heat conduction tube 401, and the heat carrier liquid enters the interior of each reaction cylinder 101 in sequence, thereby providing a suitable reaction temperature for the reaction liquid inside the mixing cylinder 102.

[0035] To prevent the heat carrier liquid from contacting the reaction liquid, a sealing pressure ring 1011 is coaxially and fixedly arranged around the inner side of the upper end of the reaction cylinder 101, and an outer surrounding groove 1034 that fits with the sealing pressure ring 1011 is provided on the side of the mixing cylinder 102. When the cover-type sealing cylinder 103 is arranged in cooperation with the upper end of the reaction cylinder 101, the sealing pressure ring 1011 will just fit inside the outer surrounding groove 1034. A rubber ring can be arranged on the sealing pressure ring 1011 to maintain the sealing effect between the sealing pressure ring 1011 and the outer surrounding groove 1034 and prevent the heat carrier liquid from contacting the reaction liquid.

[0036] Working principle: Chemical reactions are divided into a fast reaction system (such as strong acid / alkali neutralization reaction, esterification reaction, partial oxidation reaction) and a slow reaction system (such as multi-step nitration reaction, transesterification reaction). During use, those skilled in the art can select the corresponding number of reaction cylinders 101 according to the reaction rate of the reaction liquid, and connect the connecting pipes 3 on these reaction cylinders 101 to the conveying pipes 2 on the next group of reaction cylinders 101 in sequence, thereby forming a flow channel spliced by multiple groups of reaction cylinders 101, conveying pipes 2, mixing cylinders 102, cover-type sealing cylinders 103, and connecting pipes 3. The starting end of the flow channel consists of a group of conveying pipes 2, and the end consists of a group of connecting pipes 3;

[0037] The reaction liquid input pipe can be connected to the conveying pipe 2 at the starting end, and the reaction liquid output pipe can be connected to the connecting pipe 3 at the end. The reaction liquid enters the flow channel from the reaction liquid input pipe and passes through multiple groups of mixing cylinders 102 in sequence. The funnel-shaped output port 1021 and the guiding component 1024 inside each mixing cylinder 102 will both concentrate and mix the reaction liquid, thereby increasing the possibility of contact between the reaction molecules in the reaction liquid and improving the reaction efficiency. Moreover, this device improves the reaction efficiency by means of guiding, converging, and accelerating mixing, and there is only one overall flow path. By applying pressure to the reaction liquid, the situation of blockage in the flow path can be avoided;

[0038] The reaction cylinder 101, conveying pipe 2, mixing cylinder 102, cover-type sealing cylinder 103, and connecting pipe 3 are all made of transparent materials. When there are solids that are difficult to remove sticking to their inner walls, the difficult-to-remove positions can be found by observation, and then the corresponding components at these positions can be disassembled and replaced, which is convenient for maintaining these components and reducing the impact on production efficiency at the same time.

[0039] The above are only several specific embodiments of the present invention disclosed. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microchannel reaction device, characterized in that, It includes multiple groups of sequentially connected reaction channels (1). Each group of the reaction channels (1) includes a reaction cylinder (101), a mixing cylinder (102), and a cover-type sealing cylinder (103). The upper and lower ends of the mixing cylinder (102) are both open, and there are multiple groups. The multiple groups of the mixing cylinders (102) are all hermetically spliced along the inner axis of the reaction cylinder (101) to form a longitudinal column of the reaction cylinder (101). A funnel-shaped output port (1021) is provided at the bottom of each group of the mixing cylinders (102); the top of the reaction cylinder (101) is open, and a cover-type sealing cylinder (103) for maintaining the sealed state of the top of the reaction cylinder (101) is detachably installed on the top. The cover-type sealing cylinder (103) is hermetically pressed above the longitudinal column of the reaction cylinder (101); one side of the upper end of each group of the reaction cylinders (101) is detachably connected to a delivery pipe (2). Each group of the delivery pipes (2) is connected to the inside of the corresponding cover-type sealing cylinder (103). One end of each group of the reaction cylinders (101) is detachably connected to a connecting pipe (3). At least one group of the delivery pipes (2) is connected to an external input pipe, and at least one group of the connecting pipes (3) is connected to an external output pipe. All the other delivery pipes (2) are connected to the corresponding connecting pipes (3).

2. The microchannel reaction device according to claim 1, wherein A guiding assembly (1024) for changing the liquid flow direction is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of each group of the mixing cylinders (102).

3. The microchannel reaction device according to claim 2, wherein The guiding assembly (1024) is a guide plate inclinedly arranged on the inner wall of the mixing cylinder (102).

4. A microchannel reaction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A docking convex ring (1023) is coaxially arranged at the upper end of each group of the mixing cylinders (102). A docking groove (1022) matching with the docking convex ring of other groups of the mixing cylinders (102) is formed on the side surface of the lower end of the mixing cylinder (102).

5. A microchannel reaction device according to claim 4, characterized in that, An upper sealing groove (1013) is formed on the inner edge of the top of the reaction cylinder (101). The cover-type sealing cylinder (103) includes a threaded block (1031) threadedly connected to the inner top of the reaction cylinder (101). A sealing ring (1036) matching with the upper sealing groove (1013) is arranged on the upper edge of the threaded block (1031). A connecting column (1032) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded block (1031). The other end of the connecting column (1032) is fixedly connected to a sealing fixing cylinder (1033). An inner surrounding groove (1035) fitting with the docking convex ring (1023) on the corresponding mixing cylinder (102) is formed on the side surface of the lower end of the sealing fixing cylinder (1033); a bottom connecting cylinder (1012) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the reaction cylinder (101). The upper edge of the bottom connecting cylinder (1012) is fitted with the docking groove (1022) of the corresponding mixing cylinder (102). The bottom of the bottom connecting cylinder (1012) is connected to the connecting pipe (3) in a matching manner.

6. A microchannel reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature control mechanism (4) is arranged on each group of the reaction cylinders (101).

7. A microchannel reaction device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sealing pressing ring (1011) is coaxially and circumferentially fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the reaction cylinder (101). An outer surrounding groove (1034) fitting with the sealing pressing ring (1011) is formed on the side surface of the mixing cylinder (102).

8. A microchannel reaction device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature control mechanism (4) includes a heat conduction tube (401) penetrating through multiple reaction cylinders (101). There is a gap between the inner wall of the mixing cylinder (102) and the reaction cylinder (101). A valve (402) is fixedly arranged at the end of the heat conduction tube (401).

9. A microchannel reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction cylinder (101), the mixing cylinder (102), the conveying pipe (2) and the connecting pipe (3) are all made of transparent materials.

10. A microchannel reaction device according to claim 9, wherein, The transparent material is glass.

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