Laser engraving equipment and process for wood board

Abstract

The invention discloses laser engraving equipment and an engraving process for wood boards, a rotating disc is rotatably arranged on a workbench, a plurality of machining positions are arranged on the rotating disc at equal angles, and each machining position is provided with a negative pressure suction cup and a suction port; a red light positioning assembly is further arranged on the workbench, and the laser engraving mechanism moves through positioning of the red light positioning assembly and conducts laser engraving on wood. A cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser engraving mechanism and comprises a cover plate assembly and an ion fan installed on the cover plate assembly. Smoke dust in the laser engraving process is adsorbed in real time through suction openings formed in all the machining stations, the negative pressure of the suction openings is enhanced after a cover plate assembly of the cleaning station is closed, ion wind is sprayed in cooperation with an ion fan, static electricity on the surface of wood is eliminated, and the chipping removal rate is increased; the multiple machining stations achieve assembly line work of feeding, positioning, engraving, cleaning, grinding and discharging through rotation of the rotating disc, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser engraving, and specifically relates to a laser engraving device and an engraving process for wood-based panels. Background Technique

[0002] With the progress of science and technology, lasers are applied in more and more extensive fields. There are many devices derived from laser technology, including laser marking machines, laser engraving devices, and laser cutting machines, etc. Laser engraving is to irradiate the laser beam onto the surface of the workpiece, and the released energy will melt and evaporate the part of the workpiece that needs to be engraved to achieve the purpose of engraving. It has high precision and is not restricted by the engraved pattern. Laser engraving devices are often used in current wood processing, such as engraving wood furniture panels, decorative wood, etc.

[0003] However, when using a laser to engrave wood, the particle size distribution of the soot particles generated when the laser burns the wood is wide. The coverage range of the traditional single-point dust suction device is limited, and the suction efficiency is insufficient. Moreover, after the wood is processed by laser at high temperature, the surface resistivity increases significantly, and the electrostatic accumulation causes the engraving debris to be strongly adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece or in the engraving gaps. The effect of conventional blowing or vibration cleaning methods is not good; in addition, the traditional laser engraving device adopts a single-station process of "loading - engraving - unloading". During the engraving process, the workpiece needs to be frequently stopped for replacement, and the processing efficiency is low; when the laser engraving is relatively deep, a coking layer with uneven hardness is formed on the surface layer of the wood due to high-temperature carbonization, which affects the quality of subsequent painting or splicing. The prior art relies on manual sandpaper grinding, and the efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technique when using a laser to engrave wood, and to provide a laser engraving device and an engraving process for wood-based panels.

[0005] The present invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical solutions: A laser engraving device for wood-based panels, including a workbench. A feeding belt is provided on one side of the workbench. A rotating disk is rotatably provided on the workbench. A plurality of processing positions are arranged at equal angles on the rotating disk. A negative pressure suction cup and a suction port for sucking dust and residues are provided at each processing position; A red light positioning component is provided on the workbench on one side of the tail of the feeding belt. A laser engraving mechanism is provided on one side of the red light positioning component around the rotating disk. The laser engraving mechanism moves in position through the positioning of the red light positioning component and performs laser engraving on the wood; A cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser engraving mechanism. The cleaning mechanism includes a cover plate component for covering the processing position to increase the suction force of the suction port on the residues and an ion blower installed on the cover plate component for eliminating the static electricity of the wood. An outlet is provided on one side of the cleaning mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the red light positioning component includes a first mounting bracket installed at the edge of the workbench. An infrared laser is installed on the first mounting bracket. An industrial camera is provided on one side of the infrared laser. The industrial camera captures the position of the red light, and the algorithm identifies the reference line and outputs the offset. A digital signal processor is installed on the back of the first mounting bracket. A control panel is installed on the outer wall of the workbench, and the control panel is electrically connected to the digital signal processor.

[0007] Furthermore, the processing position is in the shape of a fan-shaped sunken groove with an open arc portion. Suction ports are opened on both symmetric side walls of the processing position, and the inner top surface of the suction port is higher than the top surface of the wood board. A central air cavity is internally opened at the center of the rotating disk, and a connecting cavity is connected and opened between the central air cavity and each suction port. A dust suction pump is provided below the rotating disk, and the dust suction pump is connected to the central air cavity through a connecting pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the cover plate component includes a second mounting bracket. A cylinder is installed on the top surface of the second mounting bracket. One end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder is connected with a fan-shaped plate, and an arc-shaped plate for covering the opening of the arc portion of the processing position is connected to the arc portion of the fan-shaped plate. The ion blower includes an air outlet head installed on the fan-shaped plate, and a plurality of air outlet holes are opened on the air outlet head. An ion generator is provided on the top surface of the second mounting bracket, and the ion generator is connected to the air outlet head through an air pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser engraving mechanism includes a three-axis moving component and a laser head. The three-axis moving component includes a fixed seat installed at the edge of the workbench. A first moving plate is movably clamped on the fixed seat. A first motor is fixedly installed at one end of the fixed seat, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with a first screw rod. The first screw rod penetrates through the bottom of the first moving plate and is connected by a thread. A second moving plate is movably clamped on the first moving plate. A second motor is fixedly installed at one end of the second moving plate, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected with a second screw rod. The second screw rod penetrates through the middle of the first moving plate and is connected by a thread. A lifting seat is fixedly connected to the side of the second moving plate. A third moving plate is movably clamped on the lifting seat. A third motor is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting seat, and the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected with a third screw rod. The third screw rod penetrates through the third moving plate and is connected by a thread. The laser head is connected and installed on the side of the third moving plate.

[0010] Further, a grinding mechanism for removing the carbonized layer is provided between the laser engraving mechanism and the cleaning mechanism. The grinding mechanism includes a grinding movement component identical to the three-axis movement component. The grinding mechanism further includes a grinding machine mounted on the grinding movement component. A grinding disc is mounted at the output end of the grinding machine, and an infrared rangefinder is mounted on one side of the grinding machine.

[0011] Further, a plurality of the processing positions are equiangularly arranged around the center of the rotating disc. Electric push rods are mounted on the side surfaces of the processing positions facing the opening. A push plate is mounted at one end of the telescopic rod of each electric push rod. A first gear is fixedly provided at the bottom of the rotating disc. A servo motor is provided on one side of the first gear. A second gear is mounted at the output end of the servo motor. The second gear meshes with the first gear to drive the rotating disc to rotate; a receiving belt is provided on one side of the discharge port.

[0012] Further, a dust collection tank is provided on one side of the servo motor. The suction pump is provided on the top surface of the dust collection tank. The suction pump is connected to the central air cavity through the connecting pipe. A rotary joint is provided at the connection between the connecting pipe and the first gear.

[0013] A laser engraving process for wood-based panels includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: The feeding belt transports the wood workpiece to the idle processing position of the rotating disc. The negative pressure suction cup is activated to adsorb and fix the workpiece. The suction pump pre-aspirates through the central air cavity and the suction port to prevent sawdust accumulation;

[0015] S2: The workpiece is moved below the red light positioning component. The infrared laser projects the reference line. The industrial camera captures the contour of the workpiece. The digital signal processor analyzes the image, calculates the offset of the workpiece, and feeds it back to the control panel. The three-axis movement component adjusts the initial coordinates of the laser head according to the offset;

[0016] S3: The rotating disc rotates the workpiece to the laser engraving mechanism station. The three-axis movement component drives the laser head to engrave according to the preset path: the first motor drives the X-axis to move, the second motor drives the Y-axis to move, and the third motor drives the Z-axis to focus. During the whole engraving process, the soot is adsorbed in real time through the suction port and introduced into the dust collection tank through the connecting pipe;

[0017] S4: The workpiece rotates to the cleaning mechanism station. The air cylinder pushes the sector plate to close the opening of the processing position. Under the closed state of the cover plate, the negative pressure of the suction port is enhanced. The ion blower is activated, and the air outlet sprays ion wind to eliminate the static electricity of the wood, and cooperate with the suction of the suction pump to thoroughly remove the residual debris;

[0018] S5: After the cleaning is completed, the rotary disk rotates to transfer the workpiece to the discharge port, the negative pressure suction cup releases the workpiece, and the electric push rod is activated to push the workpiece onto the receiving belt; subsequently, the system automatically starts the next cycle, and the multi-station design enables continuous production.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. Multiple processing positions are evenly distributed on the rotary disk, and the number of processing positions can be adjusted according to the situation of the wood board, realizing the assembly line operation of loading, positioning, engraving, cleaning, grinding, and discharging, thus improving production efficiency.

[0021] 2. Each processing position of the rotary disk is equipped with a suction port, and a centralized negative pressure suction network is formed through the central air cavity and the dust suction pump to adsorb the soot in real time during the engraving process; the design of the dust collection tank and the rotary joint realizes synchronous dust suction for multiple stations, avoiding pipeline entanglement and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment; after the cover plate assembly of the cleaning station is closed, the negative pressure of the suction port is enhanced, and ion wind is sprayed in cooperation with the ion blower to eliminate the static electricity on the wood surface and improve the chip removal rate.

[0022] 3. The red light positioning component (infrared laser + industrial camera) analyzes the image in combination with the digital signal processor and automatically calculates the offset of the workpiece through the processing algorithm, and then dynamically adjusts the laser engraving mechanism and the grinding mechanism through the three-axis movement component to perform precise engraving processing on the wood board. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the red light positioning component in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the laser engraving mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-axis movement component in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the sector plate cover sealing the processing position in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cover plate assembly and the ion blower in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the rotary disk in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the rotary disk in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 is Figure 9 the sectional view taken along A-A in

[0033] In the figure: 1 - workbench, 2 - feeding belt, 3 - rotating disk, 4 - negative pressure suction cup, 5 - suction port, 6 - red light positioning component, 7 - laser engraving mechanism, 8 - cover plate component, 9 - ion blower, 10 - discharge port, 11 - control panel, 12 - dust suction pump, 13 - grinding mechanism, 14 - electric push rod, 15 - servo motor, 16 - second gear, 17 - receiving belt, 18 - dust collection tank, 19 - rotary joint;

[0034] 31 - processing position, 32 - central air cavity, 33 - connecting cavity, 34 - first gear, 61 - first mounting bracket, 62 - infrared laser, 63 - industrial camera, 64 - digital signal processor;

[0035] 71 - three-axis moving component, 72 - laser head, 711 - fixed seat, 712 - first moving plate, 713 - first motor, 714 - first screw rod, 715 - second moving plate, 716 - second motor, 717 - second screw rod, 718 - lifting seat, 719 - third moving plate, 7110 - third motor, 7111 - third screw rod;

[0036] 81 - second mounting bracket, 82 - cylinder, 83 - sector plate, 91 - air outlet, 92 - ion generator; 131 - grinding moving component, 132 - grinding machine, 133 - infrared distance measuring instrument. Specific embodiments

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Combined with Figures 1 to 10 A laser engraving device for wood-based panels as shown, including a workbench 1. A feeding belt 2 is provided on one side of the workbench 1. A rotating disk 3 is rotatably arranged on the workbench 1. A plurality of processing positions 31 are arranged at equal angles on the rotating disk 3. A negative pressure suction cup 4 and a suction port 5 for sucking dust and residues are provided at each processing position 31; On the workbench 1 on one side of the tail of the feeding belt 2, a red light positioning component 6 is provided. A laser engraving mechanism 7 is arranged on one side of the red light positioning component 6 around the rotating disk 3. The laser engraving mechanism 7 moves in position through the positioning of the red light positioning component 6 and laser engraves the wood; A cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser engraving mechanism 7. The cleaning mechanism includes a cover plate assembly 8 for covering the processing position 31 to increase the suction force of the suction port 5 on the residues and an ion blower 9 installed on the cover plate assembly 8 for eliminating the static electricity of the wood. An outlet 10 is provided on one side of the cleaning mechanism;

[0041] As Figures 1 - 2 shown, the red light positioning component 6 includes a first mounting frame 61 installed at the edge of the workbench 1. An infrared laser 62 is installed on the first mounting frame 61. An industrial camera 63 is provided on one side of the infrared laser 62. The industrial camera 63 photographs the red light position, the algorithm identifies the reference line and outputs the offset. A digital signal processor 64 is installed on the back of the first mounting frame 61. A control panel 11 is installed on the outer wall of the workbench 1. The control panel 11 is electrically connected to the digital signal processor 64;

[0042] The workpiece of the wood-based panel is placed on the feeding belt 2 by manual or mechanical clamping in advance. Then it is directly conveyed to the processing position 31 by the feeding belt 2. After the negative pressure suction cup 4 adsorbs the workpiece, the actual position of the workpiece may deviate from the expected coordinates due to feeding error or conveying deviation; Subsequently, the infrared laser 62 projects a high-precision cross laser line onto the surface of the wood workpiece at the processing position 31 to form a preset reference mark. Then the industrial camera 63 photographs the surface of the workpiece with high resolution, captures the actual projection image of the infrared laser line on the workpiece. The field of view of the camera covers the entire processing area and is equipped with a filter to shield the ambient light interference; Then the digital signal processor 64 runs image processing algorithms such as edge detection, etc., extracts the actual contour of the laser reference line, calculates the offset (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ) of the workpiece in the X, Y, and Z axes by comparing the actual position of the reference line in the image with the preset ideal position. The system converts the pixel offset in the image into the actual displacement in the mechanical coordinate system through a pre-calibrated pixel-physical coordinate conversion matrix. Among them, the industrial camera 63 can adopt a CCD camera.

[0043] As Figure 1 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, a first gear 34 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the rotating disk 3. A servo motor 15 is provided on one side of the first gear 34. A second gear 16 is installed at the output end of the servo motor 15. The second gear 16 meshes with the first gear 34 to drive the rotating disk 3 to rotate. The rotating disk 3 drives the workpiece to rotate to the processing position of the laser engraving mechanism 7 by driving the second gear 16 to drive the first gear 34 through the servo motor 15.

[0044] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the laser engraving mechanism 7 includes a three-axis moving assembly 71 and a laser head 72. The three-axis moving assembly 71 includes a fixed seat 711 installed at the edge of the workbench 1. A first moving plate 712 is movably clamped on the fixed seat 711. A first motor 713 is fixedly installed at one end of the fixed seat 711. The output end of the first motor 713 is fixedly connected to a first screw rod 714. The first screw rod 714 passes through the bottom of the first moving plate 712 and is connected by threads. A second moving plate 715 is movably clamped on the first moving plate 712. A second motor 716 is fixedly installed at one end of the second moving plate 715. The output end of the second motor 716 is fixedly connected to a second screw rod 717. The second screw rod 717 passes through the middle of the first moving plate 712 and is connected by threads. A lifting seat 718 is fixedly connected to the side of the second moving plate 715. A third moving plate 719 is movably clamped on the lifting seat 718. A third motor 7110 is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting seat 718. The output end of the third motor 7110 is fixedly connected to a third screw rod 7111. The third screw rod 7111 passes through the third moving plate 719 and is connected by threads. The laser head 72 is connected and installed on the side of the third moving plate 719.

[0045] The digital signal processor 64 transmits the offset (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ) to the control panel 11, and the latter generates a drive instruction for the three-axis moving assembly 71:

[0046] X-axis adjustment: The first motor 713 drives the first screw rod 714 to rotate, pushing the first moving plate 712 to move horizontally by ΔX; Y-axis adjustment: The second motor 716 drives the second screw rod 717 to rotate, driving the second moving plate 715 to move longitudinally by ΔY; Z-axis focusing: The third motor 7110 drives the third screw rod 7111 to rotate, adjusting the lifting height of the third moving plate 719 by ΔZ to ensure that the laser focus is on the surface of the workpiece, thereby laser engraving the wooden furniture.

[0047] As Figures 8 - 10As shown, the processing position 31 is in the shape of a fan-shaped sunk groove, which facilitates the smooth conveyance of the workpiece from the feeding belt 2 into the processing position 31. The arc portion is open. Suction ports 5 are provided on both symmetric side walls of the processing position 31. The inner top surface of the suction port 5 is higher than the top surface of the wood-based panel. Inside the center of the rotating disk 3, a central air cavity 32 is provided. A connecting cavity 33 is provided between the central air cavity 32 and each suction port 5. Below the rotating disk 3, a dust suction pump 12 is provided. The dust suction pump 12 is connected to the central air cavity 32 through a connecting pipe. On one side of the servo motor 15, a dust collection tank 18 is provided. The dust suction pump 12 is provided on the top surface of the dust collection tank 18. The dust suction pump 12 is connected to the central air cavity 32 through a connecting pipe. A rotary joint 19 is provided at the connection of the connecting pipe and the first gear 34.

[0048] During the laser engraving of the wood-based panel, when the high-energy laser beam burns the wood surface, smoke, coke residues and a small amount of fine wood chips will be generated. Thus, when the dust suction pump 12 is started, the suction port 5 will generate suction force on the smoke, coke residues and a small amount of fine wood chips generated by the laser engraving. Since the inner top surface of the suction port 5 is higher than the top surface of the wood-based panel, and the opening size of the suction port 5 can cover the head and tail of the workpiece, these products will be sucked into the central air cavity 32 by the suction port 5 through the connecting cavity 33, and finally be centrally sucked into the dust collection tank 18 through the connecting pipe. In addition, due to the arrangement of multiple processing positions 31, when the dust suction pump 12 is in use, the suction port 5 of each processing position 31 will generate air flow suction force. The suction port 5 can not only suck the wood chips generated during engraving, but also suck the residue debris remaining on the processing position 31.

[0049] As Figure 1 and Figures 6 - 7 shown, the cover plate assembly 8 includes a second mounting frame 81. A cylinder 82 is mounted on the top surface of the second mounting frame 81. One end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder 82 is connected with a sector plate 83. An arc-shaped plate for covering the opening of the arc portion of the processing position 31 is connected to the arc portion of the sector plate 83. The ion blower 9 includes an air outlet head 91 mounted on the sector plate 83. A plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the air outlet head 91. An ion generator 92 is provided on the top surface of the second mounting frame 81. The ion generator 92 is connected to the air outlet head 91 through an air pipe.

[0050] After laser engraving is completed, the wood board needs to be cleaned again. When the wood board moves under the rotation of the rotating disk 3 to the lower part of the cover plate assembly 8, the air cylinder 82 pushes the sector plate 83 to cover and seal the processing position 31. The arc plate vertically arranged on the sector plate 83 will seal the arc-shaped opening of the processing position 31. In the state where the cover plate is closed, the negative pressure of the suction port 5 is enhanced to remove residual debris. During the laser engraving process, the fine wood chips generated by engraving rub against the wood surface, accumulating static electricity and forming an electrostatic field, which causes the debris to be adsorbed in the engraving gaps or hollow areas, making it difficult to remove the debris through conventional blowing. Therefore, the ion generator 92 is started, and the airflow with ion clouds blows from the air outlet head 91 to the wood board through the air pipe. On the one hand, the static electricity on the wood is eliminated, and on the other hand, the airflow generated by the air outlet head 91 can also blow away the wood chips and the like for easy inhalation by the suction port 5. When blowing, the covering of the sector plate 83 can also prevent dust from flying.

[0051] As Figure 1 and Figure 8 shown, a plurality of processing positions 31 are arranged at equal angles around the center of the rotating disk 3. An electric push rod 14 is installed on the side of the processing position 31 facing the opening part, and a push plate is installed at one end of the telescopic rod of each electric push rod 14; a receiving belt 17 is arranged on one side of the discharge port 10. After cleaning is completed, the rotating disk 3 rotates to transfer the workpiece to the discharge port 10, the negative pressure suction cup 4 releases the workpiece, and the electric push rod 14 is started to push the workpiece onto the receiving belt 17.

[0052] Therefore, according to the above content, a laser engraving process for wood boards includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: The feeding belt 2 transports the wood workpiece to the idle processing position 31 of the rotating disk 3, the negative pressure suction cup 4 is started to adsorb and fix the workpiece, and the dust suction pump 12 pre-aspirates through the central air cavity 32 and the suction port 5 to prevent wood chips from accumulating;

[0054] S2: The workpiece moves to the lower part of the red light positioning component 6, the infrared laser 62 projects the reference line, the industrial camera 63 takes the contour of the workpiece, the digital signal processor 64 analyzes the image, calculates the offset of the workpiece and feeds it back to the control panel 11, and the three-axis moving component 71 adjusts the initial coordinates of the laser head 72 according to the offset;

[0055] S3: The rotating disk 3 rotates the workpiece to the working position of the laser engraving mechanism 7, and the three-axis moving component 71 drives the laser head 72 to engrave according to the preset path: the first motor 713 drives the X-axis to move, the second motor 716 drives the Y-axis to move, the third motor 7110 drives the Z-axis to focus, and the whole engraving process adsorbs the soot in real time through the suction port 5 and introduces it into the dust collection tank 18 through the connecting pipe;

[0056] S4: The workpiece rotates to the cleaning mechanism station. The cylinder 82 pushes the sector plate 83 to close the opening of the processing position 31. With the cover plate in a closed state, the negative pressure at the suction port 5 increases, the ion blower 9 starts, and the air outlet 91 sprays ionized air to eliminate the static electricity of the wood. In cooperation with the suction of the dust pump 12, the residual debris is completely removed.

[0057] S5: After the cleaning is completed, the rotary disk 3 rotates to transfer the workpiece to the discharge port 10. The negative pressure suction cup 4 releases the workpiece, and the electric push rod 14 is started to push the workpiece onto the receiving belt 17. Subsequently, the system automatically starts the next cycle, and the multi-station design realizes continuous production.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] During the laser engraving of wood, due to the moisture content of the wood, local severe carbonization of the wood may occur. Then, a step of grinding the carbonized layer needs to be added after the laser engraving (thus adding a processing position):

[0060] As Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, between the laser engraving mechanism 7 and the cleaning mechanism, there is also a grinding mechanism 13 for removing the carbonized layer. The grinding mechanism 13 includes a grinding movement component 131 identical to the three-axis movement component 71. The grinding mechanism 13 also includes a grinding machine 132 installed on the grinding movement component 131. A grinding disc is installed at the output end of the grinding machine 132, and an infrared rangefinder 133 is installed on one side of the grinding machine 132.

[0061] During use, the infrared rangefinder 133 emits an infrared beam to the surface, measures the real-time distance from the surface to the rangefinder through the time-of-flight (ToF) or phase difference principle. The rangefinder scans the engraved area at a high frequency to generate a surface height distribution map and identify the carbonized layer (the sunken area caused by high-temperature carbonization of the laser). The digital signal processor 64 compares the ranging data with the preset reference value of the original thickness of the wood, calculates the local depth of the carbonized layer, and the algorithm delimits the boundary of the area to be ground according to the depth difference and generates a corresponding grinding path plan (such as a reciprocating or spiral trajectory). After the grinding machine 132 is started, the grinding disc contacts the wood surface:

[0062] If the infrared rangefinder detects that the current grinding depth is insufficient (the deviation from the target value > the threshold), the Z-axis motor of the grinding movement component 131 increases the downward pressure; if it detects over-grinding (which may damage the body), the Z-axis raises the grinding disc to reduce the contact pressure.

[0063] In addition, since the wood chips generated after laser engraving are not removed before grinding, they will interfere with the detection and grinding of the wood by the grinding mechanism. Therefore, a processing station 31 can be added between the laser engraving mechanism 7 and the grinding mechanism 13, and a cleaning mechanism as described above can be set up; thus, cleaning is carried out after laser engraving, grinding is carried out after cleaning, and cleaning is carried out again after grinding is completed.

[0064] The processing stations in the present invention are summarized as follows:

[0065] In the first embodiment, four processing stations 31 are provided on the rotating disk 3, namely: feeding station (including red light positioning component) - laser engraving station - cleaning station - discharging station;

[0066] In the second embodiment, six stations are provided on the rotating disk 3, namely: feeding station (including red light positioning component) - laser engraving station - cleaning station - grinding station - cleaning station - discharging station.

[0067] The above settings of the processing stations can be adjusted according to the engraving situation of the wood in actual production.

[0068] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0069] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A laser engraving device for wood-based panels, comprising a workbench (1), and a feeding belt (2) is arranged on one side of the workbench (1), characterized in that: A rotating disk (3) is rotatably provided on the workbench (1). A plurality of processing positions (31) are arranged at equal angles on the rotating disk (3). A negative pressure suction cup (4) and a suction port (5) for sucking dust and residues are provided at each processing position (31). A red light positioning component (6) is provided on the workbench (1) on one side of the tail of the feeding belt (2). A laser engraving mechanism (7) is provided on one side of the red light positioning component (6) around the rotating disk (3). The laser engraving mechanism (7) moves in position through the positioning of the red light positioning component (6) and performs laser engraving on the wood. A cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser engraving mechanism (7). The cleaning mechanism includes a cover plate component (8) for covering the processing position (31) to increase the suction force of the suction port (5) on the residues and an ion blower (9) installed on the cover plate component (8) for eliminating the static electricity of the wood. An outlet (10) is provided on one side of the cleaning mechanism.

2. The laser engraving device for wood-based panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The red light positioning component (6) includes a first mounting rack (61) installed at the edge of the workbench (1). An infrared laser (62) is installed on the first mounting rack (61). An industrial camera (63) is provided on one side of the infrared laser (62). The industrial camera (63) photographs the position of the red light. The algorithm identifies the reference line and outputs the offset. A digital signal processor (64) is installed on the back of the first mounting rack (61). A control panel (11) is installed on the outer wall of the workbench (1). The control panel (11) is electrically connected to the digital signal processor (64).

3. The laser engraving device for wood-based panels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The processing position (31) is in the shape of a fan-shaped sunk groove with an open arc part. The suction ports (5) are opened on both symmetric side walls of the processing position (31). The inner top surface of the suction port (5) is higher than the top surface of the wood-based board. A central air cavity (32) is internally opened at the center of the rotating disk (3). A connecting cavity (33) is connected and opened between the central air cavity (32) and each suction port (5). A dust suction pump (12) is provided below the rotating disk (3). The dust suction pump (12) is connected to the central air cavity (32) through a connecting pipe.

4. The laser engraving device for wood-based panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cover plate component (8) includes a second mounting rack (81). A cylinder (82) is installed on the top surface of the second mounting rack (81). One end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder (82) is connected with a fan-shaped plate (83). An arc-shaped plate for covering the opening of the arc part of the processing position (31) is connected to the arc part of the fan-shaped plate (83). The ion blower (9) includes an air outlet head (91) installed on the fan-shaped plate (83). A plurality of air outlet holes are opened on the air outlet head (91). An ion generator (92) is provided on the top surface of the second mounting rack (81). The ion generator (92) is connected to the air outlet head (91) through an air pipe.

5. The laser engraving device for wood-based panels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The laser engraving mechanism (7) includes a three-axis moving component (71) and a laser head (72). The three-axis moving component (71) includes a fixed seat (711) installed at the edge of the workbench (1). A first moving plate (712) is movably clamped on the fixed seat (711). A first motor (713) is fixedly installed at one end of the fixed seat (711). The output end of the first motor (713) is fixedly connected to a first screw rod (714). The first screw rod (714) penetrates through the bottom of the first moving plate (712) and is threadedly connected thereto. A second moving plate (715) is movably clamped on the first moving plate (712). A second motor (716) is fixedly installed at one end of the second moving plate (715). The output end of the second motor (716) is fixedly connected to a second screw rod (717). The second screw rod (717) penetrates through the middle of the first moving plate (712) and is threadedly connected thereto. A lifting seat (718) is fixedly connected to the side of the second moving plate (715). A third moving plate (719) is movably clamped on the lifting seat (718). A third motor (7110) is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting seat (718). The output end of the third motor (7110) is fixedly connected to a third screw rod (7111). The third screw rod (7111) penetrates through the third moving plate (719) and is threadedly connected thereto. The laser head (72) is connected and installed on the side of the third moving plate (719).

6. The laser engraving device for wood-based panels according to claim 5, characterized in that: A grinding mechanism (13) for removing the carbonized layer is further provided between the laser engraving mechanism (7) and the cleaning mechanism. The grinding mechanism (13) includes a grinding moving component (131) identical to the three-axis moving component (71). The grinding mechanism (13) further includes a grinding machine (132) installed on the grinding moving component (131). A grinding disc is installed at the output end of the grinding machine (132). An infrared distance measuring instrument (133) is installed on one side of the grinding machine (132).

7. The laser engraving device for wood-based panels according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of the processing positions (31) are equiangularly arranged around the center of the rotating disc (3). An electric push rod (14) is installed on the side of the processing position (31) facing the opening. A push plate is installed at one end of the telescopic rod of each electric push rod (14). A first gear (34) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the rotating disc (3). A servo motor (15) is provided on one side of the first gear (34). A second gear (16) is installed at the output end of the servo motor (15). The second gear (16) meshes with the first gear (34) to drive the rotating disc (3) to rotate. A receiving belt (17) is provided on one side of the discharge port (10).

8. The laser engraving device for wood-based panels according to claim 7, characterized in that: A dust collection tank (18) is provided on one side of the servo motor (15). A dust suction pump (12) is provided on the top surface of the dust collection tank (18). The dust suction pump (12) is connected to the central air cavity (32) through the connecting pipe. A rotary joint (19) is provided at the connection between the connecting pipe and the first gear (34).

9. A laser engraving process for wood-based panels, characterized in that: The laser engraving process for the wooden board is applied to the laser engraving equipment for the wooden board as described in any one of claims 1-8. The laser engraving process for the wooden board includes the following steps: S1: The feeding belt (2) conveys the wooden workpiece to the idle processing position (31) of the rotating disk (3). The negative pressure suction cup (4) is activated to adsorb and fix the workpiece. The dust suction pump (12) pre-suction through the central air cavity (32) and the suction port (5) to prevent sawdust accumulation; S2: The workpiece is moved below the red light positioning component (6). The infrared laser (62) projects the reference line. The industrial camera (63) captures the contour of the workpiece. The digital signal processor (64) analyzes the image, calculates the offset of the workpiece and feeds it back to the control panel (11). The three-axis moving component (71) adjusts the initial coordinates of the laser head (72) according to the offset; S3: The rotating disk (3) rotates the workpiece to the working position of the laser engraving mechanism (7). The three-axis moving component (71) drives the laser head (72) to engrave according to the preset path: the first motor (713) drives the X-axis movement, the second motor (716) drives the Y-axis movement, and the third motor (7110) drives the Z-axis focusing. During the whole engraving process, the dust is adsorbed in real time through the suction port (5) and introduced into the dust collection tank (18) through the connecting pipe; S4: The workpiece rotates to the cleaning mechanism working position. The air cylinder (82) pushes the sector plate (83) to close the opening of the processing position (31). Under the closed state of the cover plate, the negative pressure of the suction port (5) is enhanced. The ion blower (9) is activated, and the air outlet (91) sprays ion wind to eliminate the static electricity of the wood, and cooperate with the suction of the dust suction pump (12) to thoroughly remove the residual debris; S5: After the cleaning is completed, the rotating disk (3) rotates to transfer the workpiece to the discharge port (10). The negative pressure suction cup (4) releases the workpiece, and the electric push rod (14) is activated to push the workpiece onto the receiving belt (17); Subsequently, the system automatically starts the next cycle, and the multi-station design realizes continuous production.

Images