Special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tool and method

Abstract

The invention provides a special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tool and method.The special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tool comprises an inclined shaft correction shaft section, an inner stepped groove is machined in one end face of the inclined shaft correction shaft section, the end face of the inner stepped groove is a first inclined end face, and the first inclined end face is tightly matched with the inclined end face of the inclined shaft section; the other end face of the inclined shaft correction shaft section is a vertical end face so as to compensate the inclined end face of the inclined shaft section; a stepped hole is formed in the inclined shaft correction shaft section; the choke plug is connected with an inner hole in the end of the straight shaft section in a matched mode, and a top taper hole is machined in the center of the outer end face of the choke plug. The tool is installed at the end of a special-shaped shaft, corrects the included angle between the special-shaped shaft and a straight shaft, and is matched with a lathe chuck to align the outer circle of the straight shaft of a workpiece; the straight shaft end is provided with an interference choke plug to ensure that the center hole of the choke plug is coaxial with the excircle of the straight shaft; grinding machine tips at the two ends of the special-shaped shaft abut against to finish straight shaft outer circle grinding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of machining, and mainly relates to an auxiliary tooling and method for grinding a special-shaped shaft. Background Art

[0002] Refer to Figure 1 , there is a special-shaped shaft. This special-shaped shaft includes a straight shaft section (1), and one end of the straight shaft section (1) is provided with an inclined shaft section (6). There is a certain included angle between the axis line (10) of the straight shaft section and the axis line (8) of the inclined shaft section. The outer surface of the straight shaft section (1) of this special-shaped shaft finally needs to meet the surface roughness Ra0.4. Only grinding in existing processing equipment can meet the requirements. However, due to the existence of the inclined shaft section in the current special-shaped shaft, it cannot be directly clamped on the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool, and it is impossible to directly perform grinding processing using a grinding machine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary tooling and method for grinding a special-shaped shaft. This tooling is installed at the end of the special-shaped shaft to correct the included angle between the special-shaped shaft and the straight shaft, and cooperate with the lathe chuck to align the outer circle of the straight shaft of the workpiece; an interference plug is arranged at the straight shaft end to ensure that the center hole of the plug is coaxial with the outer circle of the straight shaft; the two ends of the special-shaped shaft are held by the grinding machine centers to complete the grinding of the outer circle of the straight shaft.

[0004] To achieve the above technical features, the purpose of the present invention is realized as follows: An auxiliary tooling for grinding a special-shaped shaft includes an inclined shaft correction shaft section. One end face of the inclined shaft correction shaft section is processed with an inner stepped groove, and the end face of the inner stepped groove adopts a first inclined end face, and the first inclined end face is tightly fitted with the inclined end face of the inclined shaft section. The other end face of the inclined shaft correction shaft section adopts a vertical end face to compensate for the inclined end face of the inclined shaft section; A stepped hole is processed on the inclined shaft correction shaft section; It also includes a plug, and the plug is connected in cooperation with the inner hole at the end of the straight shaft section. A tip cone hole is processed at the center of the outer end face of the plug.

[0005] Preferably, the axis line of the stepped hole is parallel to the axis line of the inclined shaft section of the inclined shaft section; The stepped hole is matched with the end face blind hole of the inclined shaft section.

[0006] Preferably, a three-jaw chuck step is processed on the outer circle of the inclined shaft correction shaft section at the end where the vertical end face is located.

[0007] Preferably, a first inclined hole is processed at the center of the inclined shaft correction shaft section, and the axis line of the correction shaft section of the first inclined hole coincides with the axis line of the inclined shaft section; The first inclined hole is matched with the inclined shaft inclined hole of the inclined shaft section.

[0008] Preferably, an outer positioning post for cooperating with the inner hole of the end is machined on the plug, and a plug center hole is machined at the center of the plug.

[0009] Preferably, the outer diameter of the outer positioning post is equal to the inner diameter of the inner hole of the end.

[0010] Preferably, the inner diameter of the inner stepped groove is equal to the outer diameter of the inclined shaft section.

[0011] Preferably, the inclination angle of the first inclined end face is equal to the inclination angle of the axis line of the inclined shaft section.

[0012] Preferably, the axis line of the straight shaft section coincides with the axis line of the machine tool spindle of the three-jaw chuck step.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for grinding a special-shaped shaft, and the method is implemented by using any one of the above-mentioned special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tools, including the following steps: Step 1, dimension design of the inclined shaft correction shaft section: Design the inclined shaft correction shaft section according to the dimensions of the special-shaped shaft, and ensure that after the inclined shaft correction shaft section is installed at the shaft end of the special-shaped shaft, the end of the inclined shaft section can be compensated; Step 2, dimension design of the plug: Design the plug according to the dimensions of the straight shaft section, and ensure that the plug can be installed at the end part of the inner hole of the end; Step 3, installation of the inclined shaft correction shaft section and the plug: Fix and install the inclined shaft correction shaft section at the end part of the inclined shaft section through bolts, and fix and install the plug at the end part of the straight shaft section through interference fit; Step 4, clamping of the special-shaped shaft: Lock and fix the inclined shaft correction shaft section of the special-shaped shaft with the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool through the three-jaw chuck step, and tightly cooperate with the plug through the tail center of the machine tool. At this time, it is ensured that the special-shaped shaft can be reliably installed on the machine tool; Step 5, machining of the special-shaped shaft: After the special-shaped shaft is clamped and fixed, start the machine tool, grind and machine the outer surface of the straight shaft section through the machine tool, and finally make the surface roughness of the outer circle meet the design requirements; Step 6, disassembly of the special-shaped shaft: After the special-shaped shaft is machined, remove the special-shaped shaft, and remove the inclined shaft correction shaft section and the plug.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The tooling of the present invention is installed at the end of the special-shaped shaft to correct the angle between the special-shaped shaft and the straight shaft, and cooperate with the lathe chuck to align the outer circle of the straight shaft of the workpiece; an interference plug is arranged at the straight shaft end to ensure that the center hole of the plug is coaxial with the outer circle of the straight shaft; the two ends of the special-shaped shaft are held by the grinding machine centers to complete the grinding of the outer circle of the straight shaft.

[0015] 2. Through the actual processing verification of the special-shaped shaft of the present invention: the tooling is simple to manufacture, convenient to clamp, the grinding process is stable, and the completed products pass the quality certification.

[0016] 3. The auxiliary tooling is designed at the end of the special-shaped shaft of the present invention, and is tightened with bolts using the screw holes of the parts to correct the angle between the special-shaped shaft and the straight shaft, so that the center line of the outer circle of the auxiliary tooling is coaxial with the center line of the straight shaft, and the end face of the tooling is perpendicular to the center line of the straight shaft.

[0017] 4. A plug is designed in the inner hole at the straight shaft end of the present invention, and the interference amount with the inner hole is 0.01 - 0.03, thereby ensuring the reliability of the fixed fit. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 It is the structure diagram of the special-shaped shaft of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the sectional view of the inclined shaft correction shaft section of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is the sectional view of the plug of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is the structure diagram after the auxiliary tooling and the special-shaped shaft of the present invention are assembled.

[0023] In the figure: straight shaft section 1, center hole of straight shaft section 2, inner hole at the end 3, groove at the end of straight shaft section 4, inclined hole of inclined shaft 5, inclined shaft section 6, blind hole at the end face 7, axis line of inclined shaft section 8, inclined shaft ring section 9, axis line of straight shaft section 10, inclined shaft correction shaft section 11, first inclined hole 12, axis line of correction shaft section 13, axis line of machine tool spindle 14, first inclined end face 15, inner stepped groove 16, stepped hole 17, step of three-jaw chuck 18, vertical end face 19, outer positioning post 20, plug 21, center hole of plug 22, apex cone hole 23. Detailed Embodiment

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0025] Embodiment 1: See Figures 1-4, A special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling, including an inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11. One end face of the inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11 is machined with an internal stepped groove 16. The end face of the internal stepped groove 16 adopts a first inclined end face 15, and the first inclined end face 15 is in close fit with the inclined end face of the inclined shaft segment 6. The other end face of the inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11 adopts a vertical end face 19 to compensate for the inclined end face of the inclined shaft segment 6; A stepped hole 17 is machined on the inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11; It also includes a plug 21, and the plug 21 is connected in cooperation with the inner hole 3 at the end of the straight shaft segment 1. The center part of the outer end face of the plug 21 is machined with a top cone hole 23. This tooling is installed at the end of the special-shaped shaft to correct the angle between the special-shaped shaft and the straight shaft, and cooperate with the lathe chuck to align the outer circle of the workpiece straight shaft; An interference plug is arranged at the straight shaft end to ensure that the center hole of the plug is coaxial with the outer circle of the straight shaft; The two ends of the special-shaped shaft are held by the grinding machine centers to complete the grinding of the outer circle of the straight shaft.

[0026] Further, the axis line of the stepped hole 17 is parallel to the axis line 8 of the inclined shaft segment of the inclined shaft segment 6; The stepped hole 17 is matched with the end face blind hole 7 of the inclined shaft segment 6. Through the above-mentioned matching installation structure, it can be ensured that the inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11 is reliably fixed at the end of the inclined shaft segment 6.

[0027] Further, a three-jaw chuck step 18 is machined on the outer circle of the inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11 at the end where the vertical end face 19 is located. Through the above-mentioned three-jaw chuck step 18, it can be used to reliably fix and install the inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11 with the machine tool, so as to facilitate subsequent grinding processing.

[0028] Further, a first inclined hole 12 is machined at the center of the inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11, and the axis line 13 of the correction shaft segment of the first inclined hole 12 coincides with the inclined shaft axis line 8; The first inclined hole 12 is matched with the inclined shaft inclined hole 5 of the inclined shaft segment 6. Through the above dimensions, it is convenient to cooperate with the inclined shaft segment 6.

[0029] Further, an outer positioning column 20 for cooperating with the inner hole 3 at the end is machined on the plug 21, and a plug center hole 22 is machined at the center of the plug 21. Through the above-mentioned plug 21, it is convenient to cooperate with the top cone of the machine tool subsequently, thereby ensuring the stability during the grinding process.

[0030] Further, the outer diameter of the outer positioning column 20 is equal to the inner diameter of the inner hole 3 at the end, and the interference amount is 0.01 - 0.03, thereby ensuring the reliability of the fixed fit.

[0031] Further, the inner diameter of the internal stepped groove 16 is equal to the outer diameter of the inclined shaft segment 6. Through the above-mentioned dimensional fit, it is ensured that the inclined shaft correction shaft segment 11 can be reliably fixed at the end of the inclined shaft segment 6.

[0032] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the first inclined end face 15 is equal to the inclination angle of the axis line 8 of the inclined shaft section. Through the above design angles, after the cooperation between the two, the inclination angle can be supplemented, so that the inclined shaft correction shaft section 11 can be reliably fixed to the machine tool.

[0033] Furthermore, the axis line 10 of the straight shaft section 1 coincides with the axis line 14 of the main shaft of the machine tool of the three-jaw chuck step 18. Through the above axis line arrangement structure, the reliable machining of the straight shaft section 1 is ensured subsequently.

[0034] Embodiment 2: On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for grinding a special-shaped shaft. The method is realized by using any one of the special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tools, and includes the following steps: Step 1, dimension design of the inclined shaft correction shaft section 11: Design the inclined shaft correction shaft section 11 according to the dimensions of the special-shaped shaft, and ensure that after installing the inclined shaft correction shaft section 11 at the shaft end of the special-shaped shaft, the end of the inclined shaft section 6 can be compensated; Step 2, dimension design of the plug 21: Design the plug 21 according to the dimensions of the straight shaft section 1, and ensure that the plug 21 can be installed at the end part of the inner hole 3 of the end; Step 3, installation of the inclined shaft correction shaft section 11 and the plug 21: Fix the inclined shaft correction shaft section 11 to the end part of the inclined shaft section 6 by bolts, and fix the plug 21 to the end part of the straight shaft section 1 by interference fit; Step 4, clamping of the special-shaped shaft: Lock and fix the inclined shaft correction shaft section 11 of the special-shaped shaft to the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool through the three-jaw chuck step 18, and tightly fit the tail center of the machine tool with the plug 21. At this time, it is ensured that the special-shaped shaft can be reliably installed on the machine tool; Step 5, machining of the special-shaped shaft: After the special-shaped shaft is clamped and fixed, start the machine tool, grind the outer surface of the straight shaft section 1 through the machine tool, and finally make the surface roughness of the outer circle meet the design requirements; Step 6, disassembly of the special-shaped shaft: After the special-shaped shaft is machined, remove the special-shaped shaft, and remove the inclined shaft correction shaft section 11 and the plug 21.

Claims

1. An auxiliary tooling for grinding special-shaped shafts, characterized in that, It includes an inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11). One end face of the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11) is machined with an inner stepped groove (16). The end face of the inner stepped groove (16) adopts a first inclined end face (15). The first inclined end face (15) is in close fit with the inclined end face of the inclined shaft section (6). The other end face of the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11) adopts a vertical end face (19) to compensate for the inclined end face of the inclined shaft section (6). A stepped hole (17) is machined on the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11). It further includes a plug (21). The plug (21) is connected in fit with the inner hole (3) at the end of the straight shaft section (1). A tip cone hole (23) is machined at the central part of the outer end face of the plug (21).

2. The special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, wherein: The axis line of the stepped hole (17) is parallel to the axis line (8) of the inclined shaft section of the inclined shaft section (6). The stepped hole (17) is in fit with the end face blind hole (7) of the inclined shaft section (6).

3. The special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, wherein: The inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11) is machined with a three-jaw chuck step (18) on the outer circle at the end where the vertical end face (19) is located.

4. The special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first inclined hole (12) is machined at the center of the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11). The axis line (13) of the correcting shaft section of the first inclined hole (12) coincides with the axis line (8) of the inclined shaft section. The first inclined hole (12) is in fit with the inclined shaft inclined hole (5) of the inclined shaft section (6).

5. The special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, wherein: An outer positioning post (20) for fitting with the inner hole at the end (3) is machined on the plug (21). A plug center hole (22) is machined at the center of the plug (21).

6. The special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the outer positioning post (20) is equal to the inner diameter of the inner hole at the end (3).

7. The special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the inner stepped groove (16) is equal to the outer diameter of the inclined shaft section (6).

8. The special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the first inclined end face (15) is equal to the inclination angle of the axis line (8) of the inclined shaft section.

9. The auxiliary tooling for grinding a special-shaped shaft according to claim 3, wherein: The axis line (10) of the straight shaft section of the straight shaft section (1) coincides with the axis line (14) of the machine tool spindle of the three-jaw chuck step (18).

10. A grinding method for a special-shaped shaft, characterized in that, The method is realized by using the special-shaped shaft grinding auxiliary tooling described in any one of claims 1-9, and includes the following steps: Step 1, dimension design of the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11): Design the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11) according to the dimensions of the special-shaped shaft, and ensure that after installing the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11) at the shaft end of the special-shaped shaft, the end of the inclined shaft section (6) can be compensated. Step 2, dimension design of the plug (21): Design the plug (21) according to the dimensions of the straight shaft section (1), and ensure that the plug (21) can be installed at the end part of the inner hole (3) at the end. Step 3, installation of the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11) and the plug (21): Fix and install the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11) at the end part of the inclined shaft section (6) through bolts, and fix and install the plug (21) at the end part of the straight shaft section (1) through interference fit. Step 4, clamping of the special-shaped shaft: Lock and fix the inclined-axis correcting shaft section (11) of the special-shaped shaft with the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool through the three-jaw chuck step (18), and make tight fit with the plug (21) through the tail tip cone of the machine tool. At this time, it is ensured that the special-shaped shaft can be reliably installed on the machine tool. Step 5, machining of the special-shaped shaft: After the special-shaped shaft is clamped and fixed, start the machine tool, grind the outer surface of the straight shaft section (1) through the machine tool, and finally make the surface roughness of the outer circle meet the design requirements; Step 6, Disassembly of the special-shaped shaft: After the special-shaped shaft is processed, remove the special-shaped shaft, and remove the inclined shaft correction shaft section (11) and the blind head (21).

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