Offshore floating type photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an offshore floating type photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation and a mounting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of offshore floating type photovoltaics. The offshore floating type photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation comprises a foundation middle cylinder, a first apron board, a first top cover, a first lifting lug, a first negative pressure hole, a foundation side cylinder, a second apron board, a second top cover, a second negative pressure hole and an anchor eye. According to the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation, the multiple foundation side cylinders are arranged on the periphery of a traditional single foundation middle cylinder to form the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation, the foundation middle cylinder and the multiple foundation side cylinders are rigidly connected in a welding mode, and the overall pressure resistance of the cylindrical foundation is improved; compared with a traditional single-cylinder foundation, the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation has the advantages that the transportation difficulty is greatly reduced by utilizing the floating stability of the foundation middle cylinder, different negative pressure pumping rates are controlled by utilizing the foundation side cylinders, the leveling difficulty during negative pressure sinking of the foundation is reduced, and the risk of buckling of an apron board of the foundation middle cylinder is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of offshore floating photovoltaic technology, and particularly relates to an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy, the supply of international fossil energy has been continuously tense. As an efficient clean energy, photovoltaic power generation shows broad and excellent development prospects in reducing environmental pollution, optimizing the energy structure, and solving the problem of peak electricity consumption. Among them, offshore photovoltaic has many advantages such as not occupying soil resources, high power generation efficiency, and easy power transmission to the eastern coastal areas, becoming a research hotspot at home and abroad.

[0003] Compared with onshore photovoltaic, offshore photovoltaic faces more severe environmental conditions and must be equipped with a very reliable mooring system to ensure the safe operation of the photovoltaic system during its service life. As offshore photovoltaic gradually develops from shallow water areas to deep water areas, cylindrical foundations have been widely used in the anchoring of floating offshore photovoltaic structures, and the installation method of one anchor with multiple chains is the optimal solution to reduce costs and increase efficiency in the construction of floating offshore photovoltaic farms.

[0004] However, the design difficulty of the one-anchor multi-chain cylindrical anchoring foundation is significantly higher than that of the traditional single-line mooring anchoring foundation. The main reasons are as follows: Under the action of combined loads such as wind, waves, and currents, the cylindrical foundation bears cyclic loads transmitted from multiple anchor chains in various directions, posing very high requirements for the bearing performance of the anchoring foundation; Multiple floating offshore photovoltaic platform anchor chains are connected to a single cylindrical foundation. If the connection distance is too small, the anchor chains will entangle each other under the action of dynamic loads such as waves and currents, and the failure of a single anchoring foundation will lead to the redistribution of loads, possibly causing the overall failure of the floating offshore photovoltaic platform and triggering a series of engineering accidents; The traditional large-volume single-cylinder anchoring foundation has many problems such as poor floating stability, difficult sinking installation, easy buckling of the cylinder wall, and low bearing capacity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation and its one-anchor multi-chain installation method to solve the problems of insufficient performance of the traditional single-cylinder anchoring foundation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation and its installation method, so as to solve the problem that under the action of combined loads such as wind, waves and currents on the upper structure, the cylindrical foundation bears cyclic loads transmitted by multiple anchor chains from various directions, which poses very high requirements on the bearing performance of the anchoring foundation; multiple floating offshore photovoltaic platform anchor chains are connected to a cylindrical foundation. If the connection distance is too small, the anchor chains will entangle with each other under the action of dynamic loads such as waves and currents, and the failure of a single anchoring foundation will lead to the redistribution of loads, which may cause the overall failure of the floating offshore photovoltaic platform, thus triggering a series of engineering accidents; the traditional large-volume single-cylinder anchoring foundation has problems such as poor floating stability, difficult sinking installation, easy buckling of the cylinder wall and low bearing capacity. An offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation includes a central foundation cylinder and multiple peripheral foundation cylinders; the multiple peripheral foundation cylinders are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central foundation cylinder at a certain angle;

[0006] The central foundation cylinder includes a first skirt plate, a first top cover, a first lifting lug and a first negative pressure hole; the first top cover is arranged above the first skirt plate; the first lifting lug is arranged above the first top cover; the first negative pressure hole is arranged at the middle position above the first top cover;

[0007] The peripheral foundation cylinder includes a second skirt plate, a second top cover, an anchor eye and a second negative pressure hole; the second top cover is arranged above the second skirt plate; the anchor eye is arranged outside the second skirt plate; the second negative pressure hole is arranged at the middle position above the second top cover.

[0008] Further, the central foundation cylinder and the peripheral foundation cylinders have the same height; the upper end of the central foundation cylinder is flush with the upper end of the peripheral foundation cylinders, and the lower end of the central foundation cylinder is flush with the lower end of the peripheral foundation cylinders; the anchor eye is located at the middle position in the vertical direction of the second skirt plate.

[0009] Further, the first lifting lugs are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first top cover at a certain angle; the peripheral foundation cylinders are pumped or injected with water through the second negative pressure holes, so that the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation is leveled; the connection between the inner and outer walls of the first skirt plate and the outer wall of the second skirt plate is welded.

[0010] An installation method for an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation, which is applied to the above-mentioned offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation, includes the following steps:

[0011] S1: Determine the structural parameters and installation position of the cylindrical foundation, and prefabricate the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation based on the structural parameters;

[0012] S2: Use an offshore hoisting platform to connect the first lifting lugs and sink the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation;

[0013] S3: Pump water outwards using the first negative pressure hole and the second negative pressure hole, so that the inside of the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation is in a negative pressure state, and sink the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation into the mud to a certain depth;

[0014] S5: When the top surface of the multi-cylinder foundation is close to the seabed, adjust the water pumping speed outwards of the first negative pressure hole and the second negative pressure hole to level the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation and prevent the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation from tilting;

[0015] S6: After the central cylinder of the foundation and the peripheral cylinders of the foundation are inserted into the seabed smoothly, increase the water pumping speed outwards of the first negative pressure hole and the second negative pressure hole, and continue to sink the cylinder foundation until the multi-cylinder anchoring foundation is completely sunk to the designated position.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. A floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation and its installation method provided by the present invention. By arranging a plurality of peripheral cylinders of the foundation around the traditional single central cylinder of the foundation to form a multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation, and using welding to rigidly connect the central cylinder of the foundation and the plurality of peripheral cylinders of the foundation, the overall compressive capacity of the cylinder foundation is improved;

[0018] 2. In the present invention, compared with the traditional single-cylinder foundation, the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation greatly reduces the transportation difficulty by utilizing the floating stability of the central cylinder of the foundation, controls different negative pressure pumping rates by using the peripheral cylinders of the foundation, reduces the leveling difficulty during the negative pressure sinking of the foundation, and reduces the risk of buckling of the skirt plate of the central cylinder of the foundation; the equivalent contact area between the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation and the seabed is increased, and the overall bearing capacity of the foundation is improved;

[0019] 3. In the present invention, the anchor chains of multiple floating photovoltaic platforms at sea are respectively connected to the anchor eyes of the peripheral cylinders of the foundation at different angles, widening the distance between the anchor chains and the anchor eyes, and significantly reducing the risk of mutual entanglement of the anchor chains due to too small a distance; the structure type of the present invention is simple, the materials are easy to obtain, and modular manufacturing is convenient, having the advantages of low cost and high economy. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 Shows a top view of the structure of a floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation according to an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 Shows a front view of the structure of a floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation according to an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3Shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation according to an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 Shows another perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation according to an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 Shows a schematic diagram of the diameter dimensions of the central cylinder and the peripheral cylinders of the foundation of an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation according to an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 Shows a schematic diagram of the thickness dimensions of the first skirt plate and the second skirt plate of an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation according to an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 7 Shows a schematic diagram of the dimensions of the height of the skirt plate and the thickness of the top cover of an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation according to an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 8 Shows a schematic diagram of an offshore floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation in service.

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 1. Central cylinder of the foundation; 2. First skirt plate; 3. First top cover; 4. First lifting lug; 5. First negative pressure hole; 6. Peripheral cylinder of the foundation; 7. Second skirt plate; 8. Second top cover; 9. Second negative pressure hole; 10. Anchor eye; 11. Anchor chain; 12. Photovoltaic structure. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The following further describes the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Embodiment:

[0032] As Figures 1-4 and Figure 8 shown, the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation includes a central cylinder of the foundation and a plurality of peripheral cylinders of the foundation, and the plurality of peripheral cylinders of the foundation are evenly distributed at a certain angle along the circumferential direction of the central cylinder of the foundation; the central cylinder of the foundation and the plurality of peripheral cylinders of the foundation are rigidly connected by welding, which can not only improve the buckling resistance of the anchoring foundation, but also increase the overall bearing capacity of the anchoring foundation due to the increased equivalent contact area with the soil.

[0033] In addition, the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation of the floating photovoltaic structure according to the embodiments of the present invention has good floating stability by itself, can be transported by barge to the site and installed one by one, and compared with the traditional large-diameter cylindrical foundation, the sizes of the middle cylinder and the edge cylinders in the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation of the present invention are relatively small, the demand for modular manufacturing materials is reduced, the manufacturing and transportation costs are reduced, and the cost performance of the foundation is improved.

[0034] Referring to Figures 1-4 and Figure 8 it can be known that the middle cylinder 1 of the foundation includes a first skirt plate 2, a first top cover 3, a first lifting lug 4 and a first negative pressure hole 5. The first top cover 3 is arranged above the first skirt plate 2. The first lifting lugs 4 are arranged above the first top cover 3 and are evenly distributed at a certain angle. The first negative pressure hole 5 is arranged at the middle position above the first top cover 3.

[0035] According to the above embodiments, the edge barrel 6 of the foundation includes a second skirt plate 7, a second top cover 8, an anchor eye 10 and a second negative pressure hole 9. The second top cover 8 is arranged above the second skirt plate 7. The anchor eye 10 is arranged outside the second skirt plate 7. The second negative pressure hole 9 is arranged at the middle position above the second top cover 8.

[0036] In this embodiment, the traditional single-cylinder anchoring foundation will tilt during service. The multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation in the embodiments of the present invention can level the entire anchoring foundation by pumping or injecting water under negative pressure into multiple edge cylinders 6 of the foundation, ensuring the service safety of the anchoring foundation.

[0037] In this embodiment, when the traditional single-cylinder anchoring foundation is installed, excessive suction may cause the cylinder wall to buckle, resulting in installation failure. The multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation in the present invention reduces the diameter of the middle cylinder 1 of the foundation, and during installation, pressure can be applied simultaneously at the positions of the first negative pressure hole 5 and the second negative pressure hole 9, reducing the load borne by the middle cylinder of the foundation. In addition, the inner and outer walls of the edge cylinder and the middle cylinder of the foundation are rigidly connected by welding, improving the anti-buckling ability during the negative pressure sinking process of the foundation.

[0038] Next, in conjunction with Figures 5-7 the relevant dimensions of the above components will be introduced.

[0039] In Figure 5 the dimensions that appear, D1 represents the outer diameter of the middle cylinder 1 of the foundation, and D2 represents the outer diameter of the edge cylinder 6 of the foundation;

[0040] In Figure 6 the dimensions that appear, t1 represents the thickness of the first skirt plate 2, t2 represents the thickness of the second skirt plate 7, and d represents the diameters of the first negative pressure hole 5 and the second negative pressure hole 9;

[0041] In Figure 7Among the dimensions that appear, H represents the height of the first skirt plate 2 and the second skirt plate 7, and h represents the thickness of the first top cover 3 and the second top cover 8.

[0042] In this embodiment, by increasing the height H of the first skirt plate 2 and the second skirt plate 7 to stimulate the bearing capacity of deeper soil layers, the outer diameter D1 of the central cylinder 1 in the foundation and the outer diameter D2 of the peripheral cylinder 6 can be increased to increase the volume of the soil plug inside the cylinder, so as to mobilize a larger range of surrounding soil, thereby improving the bearing capacity.

[0043] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for installing a floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation in the sea, which is applied to the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation mentioned in the above embodiment. The method specifically may include:

[0044] Use the offshore installation platform to connect the first lifting lug 4 to lift the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation into the water, inject air into the first negative pressure hole 5 and the second negative pressure hole 9, use the floating stability of the central cylinder in the foundation to transport the anchoring foundation to the installation position, and then slowly sink the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation into the water;

[0045] When the first skirt plate 2 of the central cylinder 1 in the foundation and the second skirt plate 7 of the peripheral cylinder 6 contact the sea level, use the first negative pressure hole 5 and the second negative pressure hole 9 to pump out water outward, so that the inside of the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation is in a negative pressure state, and sink the foundation into the mud to a certain depth;

[0046] During the process of sinking the foundation into the mud under negative pressure, continuously adjust the water pumping speed of the first negative pressure hole 5 and the second negative pressure hole 9 outward to level the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation and prevent the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation from tilting;

[0047] When the central cylinder 1 and the peripheral cylinder 6 are inserted into the seabed smoothly, increase the water pumping speed of the first negative pressure hole 5 and the second negative pressure hole 9 outward, and continue to sink the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation until the foundation is completely sunk to the specified depth.

[0048] It can be understood that the installation method of the floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the structure of the floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation provided by the above embodiment are based on the same inventive concept, so the two have the same beneficial effects. Therefore, the beneficial effects of the installation method of the floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation will not be elaborated here.

[0049] Using the technical solution of the present invention, or those skilled in the art inspired by the technical solution of the present invention to design a similar technical solution and achieving the above technical effects all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation in the sea, characterized in that, It includes a basic middle cylinder (1) and multiple basic side cylinders (6); the multiple basic side cylinders (6) are evenly distributed at a certain angle along the circumferential direction of the basic middle cylinder (1). The basic middle cylinder (1) includes a first skirt plate (2), a first top cover (3), a first lifting lug (4) and a first negative pressure hole (5); the first top cover (3) is arranged above the first skirt plate (2); the first lifting lug (4) is arranged above the first top cover (3); the first negative pressure hole (5) is arranged at the middle position above the first top cover (3). The basic side cylinder (6) includes a second skirt plate (7), a second top cover (8), an anchor eye (10) and a second negative pressure hole (9); the second top cover (8) is arranged above the second skirt plate (7); the anchor eye (10) is arranged on the outer side of the second skirt plate (7); the second negative pressure hole (9) is arranged at the middle position above the second top cover (8).

2. The floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation according to claim 1, wherein The basic middle cylinder (1) and the basic side cylinders (6) have the same height.

3. The floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined single-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation according to claim 1, wherein The upper end of the basic middle cylinder (1) is flush with the upper end of the basic side cylinders (6), and the lower end of the basic middle cylinder (1) is flush with the lower end of the basic side cylinders (6).

4. The floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation in the sea according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor eye (10) is located at the middle position in the vertical direction of the second skirt plate (7).

5. The floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined single-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation according to claim 1, wherein, The first lifting lugs (4) are evenly distributed at a certain angle in the circumferential direction of the first top cover (3).

6. The floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that Water is pumped or injected into the basic side cylinder (6) through the second negative pressure hole (9) so that the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation can be leveled.

7. The floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that The connection between the inner and outer walls of the first skirt plate (2) and the outer wall of the second skirt plate (7) is welded.

8. A method for installing a floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation at sea, which is applied to the floating photovoltaic multi-cylinder combined one-anchor multi-chain anchoring foundation described in any one of claims 1-7, and is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Determine the structural parameters and installation position of the cylinder foundation, and prefabricate the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation based on the structural parameters. S2: Use an offshore lifting platform to connect the first lifting lugs to sink the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation. S3: Use the first negative pressure hole (5) and the second negative pressure hole (9) to pump water outwards so that the inside of the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation is in a negative pressure state, and sink the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation into the mud to a certain depth. S5: When the top surface of the multi-cylinder foundation is close to the seabed, adjust the water pumping speed of the first negative pressure hole (5) and the second negative pressure hole (9) outwards to level the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation and prevent the multi-cylinder combined anchoring foundation from tilting. S6: When the basic middle cylinder (1) and the basic side cylinders (6) are smoothly inserted into the seabed, increase the water pumping speed of the first negative pressure hole (5) and the second negative pressure hole (9) outwards, and continue to sink the multi-cylinder anchoring foundation until the multi-cylinder anchoring foundation is completely sunk to the designated position.

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