Polymer decorative material for improving indoor environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-molecular decorative material applied to improvement of an indoor environment, belongs to the technical field of high-molecular materials, and solves the problems that a traditional material is difficult to effectively adjust indoor humidity, does not have an air purification capability and cannot meet the requirements of people on a high-quality indoor environment. The invention discloses an antibacterial plastic which is prepared from the following components: 50-80 parts of thermoplastic polymer resin, 5-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 10-20 parts of diatomite, 5-10 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 0.5-2 parts of a dispersing agent, 3-8 parts of a plasticizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of an antioxidant, 0.2-1 part of an ultraviolet light absorber and 0.3-1.2 parts of an antibacterial agent, and the nano titanium dioxide has photocatalytic activity under illumination and can decompose indoor harmful gas; the diatomite and the bamboo charcoal powder have strong adsorption capacity, the diatomite, the bamboo charcoal powder and the diatomite have a synergistic effect, indoor air can be effectively purified, the content of indoor harmful gas is remarkably reduced, and the diatomite can adsorb or release water according to the change of indoor humidity due to the rich microporous structure of the diatomite, so that the indoor humidity is adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A polymer decorative material used for improving indoor environment. The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer materials, and specifically relates to a polymer decorative material used for improving indoor environment, a preparation method and application thereof. The material can effectively purify indoor air, regulate humidity and has excellent decorative performance. Background Art

[0002] As people's living standards improve, the requirements for indoor environmental quality are becoming increasingly stringent. As an important factor affecting the indoor environment, the environmental protection and functionality of indoor decoration materials have attracted much attention. Although traditional polymer decorative materials have certain decorative effects, they have many shortcomings in improving the indoor environment. For example, some materials will release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as formaldehyde and benzene during use, which is harmful to human health; in addition, traditional materials are difficult to effectively regulate indoor humidity and do not have air purification capabilities, and cannot meet people's needs for high-quality indoor environments. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a polymer decorative material that can improve the indoor environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a polymer decorative material for improving the indoor environment, which can effectively absorb and decompose indoor harmful gases, regulate indoor humidity, and has good decorative properties, physical and mechanical properties and weather resistance.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A polymer decorative material used for improving indoor environment, comprising the following components by weight: 50-80 parts of thermoplastic polymer resin, 5-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 10-20 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5-10 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 0.5-2 parts of dispersant, 3-8 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of antioxidant, 0.2-1 parts of ultraviolet absorber and 0.3-1.2 parts of antibacterial agent.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the thermoplastic polymer resin is one or more of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the dispersant is one or more of calcium stearate and titanate coupling agent.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ultraviolet absorber is benzophenone or benzotriazole.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the antibacterial agent is nano silver particles or chitosan.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a preparation method of a polymer decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment includes the following steps: Raw material pretreatment: drying nano titanium dioxide, diatomite and bamboo charcoal powder at 80-100 °C for 2-4 hours; Mixing: adding the dried nano titanium dioxide, diatomite, bamboo charcoal powder, thermoplastic polymer resin, dispersant, plasticizer, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber and antibacterial agent into a high-speed mixer and mixing at 80-120 °C for 10-20 minutes; Plasticizing and extruding: adding the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder, the length-diameter ratio of the twin-screw extruder is 30-40:1, carrying out plasticizing and extruding at 160-200 °C, and the screw speed of the extruder is 150-300 r / min; Forming and processing: processing the semi-finished product into the required decorative material products by means of injection molding, calendering, extrusion molding, etc., the injection molding temperature is controlled at 180-220 °C, and the calendering roll temperature is 160-190 °C.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the plasticizing and extruding step, the length-diameter ratio of the twin-screw extruder is 35:1.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the polymer decorative material is applied to interior wall decoration, interior floor decoration or interior ceiling decoration Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] Air purification function: The nano titanium dioxide added in the polymer decorative material of the present invention has photocatalytic activity under light, and can decompose harmful gases in the room; diatomite and bamboo charcoal powder have strong adsorption ability, and the three work together to effectively purify the indoor air and significantly reduce the content of harmful gases such as formaldehyde and benzene in the room. Humidity adjustment function: The rich microporous structure of diatomite enables it to adsorb or release moisture according to the change of indoor humidity, thereby adjusting the indoor humidity and creating a comfortable living environment. Good decorative performance: The material can be made into decorative material products of various shapes and colors through forming and processing methods such as injection molding and calendering, with a smooth surface and bright color, having a good decorative effect and meeting different indoor decoration needs. Excellent physical and mechanical properties: The reasonable ratio of thermoplastic polymer resin and other additives endows the material with good flexibility, strength and wear resistance, enabling it to maintain good physical properties during long-term use and being not easily damaged. Good weather resistance: The addition of antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers effectively prevents the oxidative degradation and ultraviolet aging of the material. At the same time, the components in the material cooperate with each other, endowing it with good weather resistance, enabling it to adapt to different usage environments and climatic conditions and extending its service life. Antibacterial function: The addition of antibacterial agents endows the material with antibacterial properties, which can inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms such as bacteria and molds indoors, further improving the indoor sanitary environment. Specific implementation manners

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] The present invention provides a technical solution: A polymer decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment, which is composed of the following components by weight: 50 - 80 parts of thermoplastic polymer resin; the thermoplastic polymer resin can be one or more of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene, providing a basic forming and mechanical property basis for the material. 5 - 15 parts of nano-titanium dioxide; nano-titanium dioxide has photocatalytic properties and can decompose harmful gases in the air such as formaldehyde and benzene into harmless carbon dioxide and water under light irradiation, thus playing a role in purifying the air. 10 - 20 parts of diatomite; diatomite has a rich microporous structure and a large specific surface area, and can adsorb moisture and harmful gases indoors, playing a dual role in regulating humidity and purifying the air. 5 - 10 parts of bamboo charcoal powder; bamboo charcoal powder also has a developed pore structure and a strong adsorption capacity for harmful gases, further enhancing the air purification performance of the material. 0.5 - 2 parts of dispersant; the dispersant can promote the uniform dispersion of each component in the polymer resin, improve the stability and performance uniformity of the material, and the dispersant can be selected from calcium stearate, titanate coupling agent, etc. 3 - 8 parts of plasticizer; the plasticizer can improve the flexibility and processing performance of the material, and common plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate, etc. 0.5 - 1.5 parts of antioxidant; the antioxidant can prevent the oxidative degradation of the material during processing and use, extend the service life of the material, and common antioxidants include hindered phenol antioxidants, etc. 0.2 - 1 part of ultraviolet absorber, which is benzophenone or benzotriazole, is used to improve the ultraviolet resistance of the material and enhance the weather resistance. 0.3 - 1.2 parts of antibacterial agent, which is nano silver particles or chitosan, endows the material with antibacterial function and inhibits the growth of indoor bacteria. The preparation method of the above polymer decorative material for improving the indoor environment includes the following steps: Raw material pretreatment: Dry nano - titanium dioxide, diatomite and bamboo charcoal powder at 80 - 100 °C for 2 - 4 hours to remove moisture and ensure the uniformity of subsequent mixing. Mixing: According to the weight parts, add the dried nano - titanium dioxide, diatomite, bamboo charcoal powder, thermoplastic polymer resin, dispersant, plasticizer, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber and antibacterial agent into a high - speed mixer, and mix at 80 - 120 °C for 10 - 20 minutes to make each component fully and evenly mixed. Plasticizing and extruding: Add the mixed material into a twin - screw extruder with a length - to - diameter ratio of 30 - 40:1, and carry out plasticizing and extruding at 160 - 200 °C. The screw speed of the extruder is 150 - 300 r / min to obtain a semi - finished polymer decorative material. Forming and processing: According to actual needs, process the semi - finished product into the required decorative material products, such as plates, films, etc. by injection molding, calendering, extrusion molding, etc.; during forming and processing, the injection molding temperature is controlled at 180 - 220 °C, and the calender roll temperature is 160 - 190 °C.

[0017] Specific operating steps of the preparation method Raw material pretreatment: Select a blast drying oven as the drying equipment. Place nano - titanium dioxide, diatomite and bamboo charcoal powder in clean stainless - steel trays respectively, and control the paving thickness at 2 - 3 cm to ensure uniform drying. Put the trays into the blast drying oven, set the temperature at 80 - 100 °C and the drying time at 2 - 4 hours. During the drying process, stir and turn the materials every 1 hour to prevent the materials from caking and ensure that the moisture is fully evaporated. After drying, take out the materials and place them in a dry and clean sealed container to cool to room temperature to avoid the materials re - absorbing moisture in the air during the cooling process. Mixing: The materials are mixed using a high-speed mixer. After drying, nano-titanium dioxide, diatomite, bamboo charcoal powder, thermoplastic polymer resin, dispersant, plasticizer, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, and antibacterial agent are sequentially added into the mixing chamber of the high-speed mixer according to the weight parts. Start the high-speed mixer, first stir at a low speed of 300 - 500 r / min for 3 - 5 minutes to preliminarily disperse and homogenize each component; then increase the rotation speed to 800 - 1200 r / min and mix at a high speed at 80 - 120 °C for 10 - 20 minutes. During the mixing process, the temperature is monitored and adjusted in real time through the temperature control system of the mixer to ensure that the mixing temperature is stable within the set range. After mixing is completed, turn off the high-speed mixer. After the equipment completely stops running, open the discharge port and transfer the uniformly mixed materials to a sealed transfer container to prevent the materials from being contaminated or the components from volatilizing during the waiting process for the next process. Plasticizing and Extruding: A twin-screw extruder is selected for plasticizing and extruding operations. The length-diameter ratio of this twin-screw extruder is 30 - 40:1, and it has good material conveying, plasticizing, and mixing performance. Before starting the twin-screw extruder, preheat the equipment and set the temperatures of each heating section of the extruder as follows: the feeding section temperature is 140 - 160 °C, the compression section temperature is 160 - 180 °C, the metering section temperature is 180 - 200 °C, and the head temperature is 160 - 190 °C. After the temperatures of each heating section reach the set values and are stable for 15 - 20 minutes, start the twin-screw extruder and adjust the screw rotation speed to 150 - 300 r / min. The mixed materials are evenly and continuously added into the hopper of the twin-screw extruder through a spiral feeder. Under the pushing of the screw, the materials sequentially pass through the feeding section, compression section, and metering section, and are gradually plasticized and melted under the action of high temperature and the shear of the screw, and finally are extruded from the head to form a continuous strip-shaped semi-finished product. During the extrusion process, parameters such as the current and pressure of the extruder are monitored in real time. If abnormal fluctuations occur, adjust process parameters such as the screw rotation speed and temperature in a timely manner to ensure the stable progress of the extrusion process. The extruded semi-finished product is preliminarily cooled through an air-cooling device, and the cooling air speed is controlled at 5 - 8 m / s to reduce the temperature of the semi-finished product to 40 - 60 °C for subsequent forming processing. Forming Processing Injection molding: If injection molding is used to prepare decorative material products, a reciprocating screw injection molding machine is selected. The semi-finished products after preliminary cooling are added into the barrel of the injection molding machine. The temperature of the barrel is set according to the type of thermoplastic polymer resin. The barrel temperature of polyvinyl chloride is controlled at 180 - 200 °C, the barrel temperature of polyethylene is controlled at 180 - 220 °C, and the barrel temperature of polypropylene is controlled at 190 - 220 °C. The screw of the injection molding machine rotates to convey the material forward and further plasticize it. When sufficient melt pressure is formed at the front end of the barrel, the screw injects the melt into the mold cavity at a certain speed and pressure. The mold temperature is adjusted according to the shape and size of the product, generally controlled at 40 - 80 °C to ensure the molding quality and appearance of the product. After injection molding, the pressure in the mold is maintained for a period of time (holding pressure time: 5 - 15 seconds), and then cooling and demolding are carried out. The cooling time is determined according to the thickness of the product, generally 10 - 30 seconds. The demolded product undergoes post-treatment processes such as deburring and trimming to obtain the required decorative strips, decorative components and other products. Calendering: For calendering, a four-roll calender is used for processing. The semi-finished products are conveyed to the nip of the calender. The temperatures of the four rolls are controlled separately. The temperature of the front roll is 160 - 170 °C, the temperature of the middle roll is 170 - 180 °C, and the temperature of the rear roll is 160 - 190 °C, so that the material is heated and softened between the rolls and calendered into sheets or films with the required thickness. During the calendering process, the rotational speed and roll gap of the rolls are adjusted to control the calendering speed at 10 - 20 m / min. The roll gap is set according to the thickness of the product, generally 0.1 - 5 mm. The calendered sheets or films are cooled and shaped through a cooling roll group. The temperature of the cooling roll group is controlled at 15 - 30 °C. The cooled products go through processes such as traction, trimming, and winding to obtain finished decorative sheets or films. Extrusion molding: A single-screw extruder is used for extrusion molding to prepare decorative films and other products. The semi-finished products are added into the hopper of the single-screw extruder. The temperatures of each heating section of the extruder are set. The feeding section is 150 - 170 °C, the compression section is 170 - 190 °C, the metering section is 180 - 200 °C, and the head temperature is 170 - 190 °C. The material is plasticized and extruded under the action of the screw, and formed into the required shape through the die of the head, and then cooled and shaped through a cooling water tank. The cooling water temperature is controlled at 10 - 25 °C. The cooled products are wound through a traction and winding device to obtain decorative film products. During the extrusion molding process, according to the specifications and quality requirements of the products, process parameters such as extrusion speed, traction speed, and winding tension are adjusted to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the products. Examples

[0018] Raw material preparation: Weigh 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 10 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 0.5 part of calcium stearate, 3 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 0.5 part of hindered phenol antioxidant, 0.2 part of benzophenone ultraviolet absorber, and 0.3 part of nano-silver particle antibacterial agent by weight. Raw material pretreatment: Place nano-titanium dioxide, diatomite, and bamboo charcoal powder in an oven at 80 °C and dry for 4 hours. Mixing: Add the dried raw materials, polyvinyl chloride, calcium stearate, dioctyl phthalate, hindered phenol antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, and antibacterial agent to a high-speed mixer and mix at 80 °C for 20 minutes. Plasticizing and extrusion: Add the mixed material to a twin-screw extruder with a length-diameter ratio of 30:1, plasticize and extrude at 160 °C, and the screw speed is 150 r / min. Forming and processing: Process the semi-finished product into a decorative board by calendering, and the calender roll temperature is 160 °C. Example 2 Raw material preparation: Weigh 65 parts of polyethylene, 10 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 15 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 1.2 parts of titanate coupling agent, 5 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 1 part of hindered phenol antioxidant, 0.6 part of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, and 0.8 part of chitosan antibacterial agent by weight. Raw material pretreatment: Dry nano-titanium dioxide, diatomite, and bamboo charcoal powder at 90 °C for 3 hours. Mixing: Add the dried raw materials, polyethylene, titanate coupling agent, dioctyl phthalate, hindered phenol antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, and antibacterial agent to a high-speed mixer and mix at 100 °C for 15 minutes. Plasticizing and extrusion: Add the mixed material to a twin-screw extruder with a length-diameter ratio of 35:1, plasticize and extrude at 180 °C, and the screw speed is 220 r / min. Forming and processing: Process the semi-finished product into a decorative strip by injection molding, and the injection molding temperature is controlled at 190 °C. Example

[0019] Raw material preparation: Weigh 80 parts of polypropylene, 15 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 20 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 2 parts of calcium stearate, 8 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 1.5 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant, 1 part of benzophenone ultraviolet absorber, and 1.2 parts of nano-silver particle antibacterial agent by weight. Raw material pretreatment: Dry nano-titanium dioxide, diatomite, and bamboo charcoal powder at 100 °C for 2 hours. Mixing: Add the dried raw materials, polypropylene, calcium stearate, dioctyl phthalate, hindered phenol antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, and antibacterial agent to a high-speed mixer and mix at 120 °C for 10 minutes. Plasticizing and extruding: Add the mixed materials into a twin-screw extruder with a length-diameter ratio of 40:1, plasticize and extrude at 200 °C, and the screw speed is 300 r / min. Forming and processing: Process the semi-finished product into a decorative film by extrusion molding, and control the extrusion temperature at 200 °C. Perform performance tests on the polymer decorative materials prepared in the above embodiments. The results show that the materials of the three embodiments can effectively reduce the content of harmful gases such as formaldehyde and benzene in the room, adjust the indoor humidity, and have good decorative performance, physical and mechanical properties, weather resistance and antibacterial properties. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A polymer decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment, characterized in that: By weight parts, it consists of the following components: 50 - 80 parts of thermoplastic polymer resin, 5 - 15 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 10 - 20 parts of diatomite, 5 - 10 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 0.5 - 2 parts of dispersant, 3 - 8 parts of plasticizer, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of antioxidant, 0.2 - 1 part of ultraviolet absorber, and 0.3 - 1.2 parts of antibacterial agent.

2. The polymeric decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoplastic polymer resin is one or more of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene.

3. The polymeric decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment according to claim 1, wherein: The dispersant is one or more of calcium stearate and titanate coupling agent.

4. The polymeric decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment according to claim 1, wherein: The plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate.

5. A polymer decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant.

6. The polymer decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultraviolet absorber is benzophenone or benzotriazole.

7. The polymer decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment according to claim 1, wherein: The antibacterial agent is nano-silver particles or chitosan.

8. A preparation method of a polymer decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Raw material pretreatment: drying nano-titanium dioxide, diatomite, and bamboo charcoal powder at 80 - 100 °C for 2 - 4 hours; Mixing: adding the dried nano-titanium dioxide, diatomite, bamboo charcoal powder, thermoplastic polymer resin, dispersant, plasticizer, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, and antibacterial agent into a high-speed mixer and mixing at 80 - 120 °C for 10 - 20 minutes; Plasticizing and extruding: adding the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder with a length-diameter ratio of 30 - 40:1, plasticizing and extruding at 160 - 200 °C, and the screw speed of the extruder is 150 - 300 r / min; Forming and processing: processing the semi-finished product into the required decorative material products by injection molding, calendering, extrusion molding, etc., the injection molding temperature is controlled at 180 - 220 °C, and the calendering roll temperature is 160 - 190 °C.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the plasticizing and extruding step, the length-diameter ratio of the twin-screw extruder is 35:

1.

10. The polymer decorative material applied to improving the indoor environment according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The polymer decorative material is applied to interior wall decoration, interior floor decoration, or interior ceiling decoration.