High-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck slab which comprises a concrete slab body and a steel reinforcement framework. Wherein at least two prismatic table-shaped grooves are formed in the bottom surface of the concrete slab body, and the at least two prismatic table-shaped grooves are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the concrete slab body; the steel reinforcement framework comprises a plurality of longitudinal stirrups, a plurality of transverse stirrups and drag hook steel bars, wherein the longitudinal stirrups are arranged on the concrete slab body side by side in a penetrating mode, the transverse stirrups are connected to the concrete slab body in an inserted mode side by side and arranged on the longitudinal stirrups in a sleeving mode, and the drag hook steel bars are arranged on the longitudinal stirrups and the transverse stirrups in a sleeving mode. And the longitudinal stirrups and the transverse stirrups are respectively matched with the surface of the concrete slab body and are arranged at intervals. The method has the advantages that the compressive strength and the elastic modulus are improved, and the stability of the prefabricated structure is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precast bridge components, and particularly to a high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck. Background Art

[0002] A bridge generally refers to a structure erected over rivers, lakes and seas to enable vehicles, pedestrians, etc. to pass smoothly. To adapt to the modern rapidly developing transportation industry, a bridge is also extended to a building that is erected across mountain streams, poor geological conditions or to meet other traffic needs to make passage more convenient. A bridge generally consists of an upper structure, a lower structure, bearings and auxiliary structures. The upper structure is also called the bridge span structure and is the main structure for crossing obstacles; the lower structure includes abutments, piers and foundations; the bearings are load-transfer devices provided at the supporting places of the bridge span structure and the piers or abutments; the auxiliary structures refer to approach slabs, conical slopes, revetments, diversion works, etc. The bridge deck is the flat part above the bridge structure and is usually located in the upper structure of the bridge.

[0003] The bridge deck, also known as the carriageway slab, is a load-bearing structure that directly bears the wheel pressure of vehicles. Structurally, it is usually integrally connected to the beam ribs and diaphragms of the main beam, so that it can not only transfer the vehicle load to the main beam, but also form a part of the cross-section of the main beam and ensure the overall effect of the main beam. The bridge deck is generally made of reinforced concrete and can be prestressed transversely. The bridge deck is processed and formed in a precast factory and then transported by means such as trucks. During transportation, the vehicle jolts, which easily causes damage to the concrete products. Common damages include concrete structure damage and concrete cover damage. If the concrete cover is damaged, it is generally filled and leveled with mortar with strength; if the concrete structure is damaged, it can only be scrapped, which affects the economic benefits and the construction period. This is because the traditional design of the bridge deck often fails to take into account the maximum stress and plastic strain it bears, which to a certain extent limits the bearing capacity and service life of the bridge. To solve this problem, the present invention proposes a high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck, aiming to improve the strength and durability of the bridge deck by optimizing the design of the steel bar skeleton and the selection of concrete materials, and reducing the damage risk during transportation and use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which has the advantages of improving the compressive strength and elastic modulus and ensuring the stability of the precast structure.

[0005] The above-mentioned invention object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck, comprising a concrete slab and a steel bar skeleton; wherein, The concrete slab is composed of raw materials with the following weight - volume ratios: cement 286 - 329 kg / m³, mineral powder 41 - 47 kg / m³, fly ash 82 - 94 kg / m³, machine - made sand 657 - 772 kg / m³, crushed stone 1066 - 1118 kg / m³, water 155 kg / m³, and admixture 5.30 - 6.11 kg / m³; At least two frustum - shaped grooves are formed on the bottom surface of the concrete slab, and the at least two frustum - shaped grooves are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the concrete slab; The steel bar framework includes a plurality of longitudinal stirrups arranged side - by - side and penetrating through the concrete slab, a plurality of transverse stirrups inserted side - by - side on the concrete slab and sleeved on the plurality of longitudinal stirrups, and hook - shaped steel bars sleeved on the longitudinal stirrups and transverse stirrups. The longitudinal stirrups and transverse stirrups are arranged at intervals in cooperation with the surface of the concrete slab.

[0006] Furthermore, the water - cement ratio of the concrete of the concrete slab is 0.33 - 0.37.

[0007] And / or, the machine - made sand ratio of the concrete of the concrete slab is 37 - 42%. And / or, the apparent density of the concrete of the concrete slab is 2400 - 2430 kg / m³.

[0008] Still further, the cement is P·II 52.5 cement.

[0009] Still further, the mineral powder is S95 slag powder.

[0010] Still further, the fly ash is Class F Grade II fly ash.

[0011] Still further, the machine - made sand is machine - made sand with a particle size range of 0 - 4.75 mm.

[0012] Still further, the crushed stone includes crushed stone with a particle size range of 5 - 10 mm and crushed stone with a particle size range of 10 - 20 mm in a mass ratio of 3:7.

[0013] Still further, the admixture is composed of the following raw materials by weight: polycarboxylate superplasticizer 40 - 60 parts, zinc sulfate 5 - 10 parts, sodium alginate 5 - 10 parts, mesoporous silica 4 - 6 parts, copper gluconate 2 - 3 parts, and stearalkonium bentonite 4 - 6 parts, with water added to 100 parts.

[0014] Even further, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a superplasticizer obtained by modifying polycarboxylate molecules with β - cyclodextrin.

[0015] Preferably, the concrete slab is composed of raw materials with the following weight - volume ratios: 310 kg / m³ of cement, 44 kg / m³ of mineral powder, 89 kg / m³ of fly ash, 685 kg / m³ of manufactured sand, 1117 kg / m³ of crushed stone, 155 kg / m³ of water, and 5.76 kg / m³ of admixture.

[0016] Further, the inclination angle of the frustum - shaped groove is 10 - 12°, and the height of the frustum - shaped groove is 25 - 45% of the thickness of the concrete slab.

[0017] Further, one end of the longitudinal stirrup is V - bent with an adjustable inclination angle and is arranged relative to the inclined surface in the width direction of the frustum - shaped groove or the bottom surface of the concrete slab, and the other end of the longitudinal stirrup is U - bent with an adjustable bending diameter and is arranged relative to the top surface of the frustum - shaped groove or the bottom surface of the concrete slab.

[0018] Further, the transverse stirrup includes an upper positioning steel bar, several lower positioning steel bars, and several connecting steel bars. One end of the upper positioning steel bar is connected to one of the lower positioning steel bars, and the other end of the upper positioning steel bar is U - bent with an adjustable bending diameter and is arranged relative to the inclined surface in the upper direction of the frustum - shaped groove or the bottom surface of the concrete slab. Both ends of the lower positioning steel bar are respectively V - bent with an adjustable inclination angle and are arranged relative to the inclined surface in the length direction of the frustum - shaped groove or the bottom surface of the concrete slab. The connecting steel bar connects two adjacent lower positioning steel bars, or the other end of the upper positioning steel bar and the lower positioning steel bar, and the connecting steel bar is arranged relative to the top surface of the frustum - shaped groove or the bottom surface of the concrete slab.

[0019] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By optimizing the concrete mix ratio, the present invention realizes the optimization of the apparent density of concrete. Based on the regulation of the water - cement ratio and sand ratio, mesoporous silica is introduced to adsorb zinc sulfate and sodium alginate, so that they are dispersed in the gel material to form C - S - Si gel. Through the doping of copper gluconate and slaclomium bentonite, the surface structure of the manufactured sand and crushed stone is smoothed, and the average thickness of the paste wrapping the aggregate is controlled to be about 10 - 30 μm, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the compressive strength and elastic modulus of concrete; 2. By opening a frustum - shaped groove on the bottom surface of the concrete slab, the present invention not only reduces the structural weight, but also increases the mechanical bite force with the steel reinforcement cage, improving the stability and durability of the overall structure. In addition, the bending design of the longitudinal stirrup and the transverse stirrup enables the steel reinforcement cage to be better embedded in the frustum - shaped groove, further enhancing the connection strength between the steel reinforcement cage and the concrete slab; 3. The steel bar framework of the present invention adopts a way of staggered interspersion of longitudinal stirrups and transverse stirrups, and cooperates with the use of hook bars to balance the corner stresses, so that the stresses received by the thin-walled areas are significantly buffered and weakened, thereby improving the maximum tensile stress and plastic strain received by the precast member, effectively resisting the external loads and the vibration impacts during transportation, and finally meeting the structural stability requirements of the precast special-shaped bridge deck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the special-shaped bridge deck of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 is a front view and a right view structural schematic diagram of the concrete slab body of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the special-shaped bridge deck of Embodiment 3 of the present invention in the front view direction.

[0023] Figure 4 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the special-shaped bridge deck of Embodiment 3 of the present invention in the right view direction.

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the steel bar structure of the steel bar framework of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure, 1, concrete slab body; 11, frustum-shaped groove; 2, steel bar framework; 21, longitudinal stirrup; 22, transverse stirrup; 221, upper positioning steel bar; 222, lower positioning steel bar; 223, connecting steel bar; 23, hook bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1 , a high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck disclosed by the present invention, including a concrete slab body 1 and a steel bar framework 2; wherein, The concrete slab body 1 is composed of raw materials with the following weight-volume ratio: 310 kg / m³ of cement, 44 kg / m³ of mineral powder, 89 kg / m³ of fly ash, 685 kg / m³ of machine-made sand, 1117 kg / m³ of crushed stone, 155 kg / m³ of water, and 5.76 kg / m³ of admixture; Four frustum-shaped grooves 11 are formed on the bottom surface of the concrete slab body 1, and the four frustum-shaped grooves 11 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the concrete slab body 1; The steel bar framework 2 includes 54 longitudinal stirrups 21 arranged side by side and penetrating through the concrete slab 1, 13 transverse stirrups 22 inserted side by side on the concrete slab 1 and sleeved on the 54 longitudinal stirrups 21, and 156 hook bars 23 sleeved on the longitudinal stirrups 21 and the transverse stirrups 22 and arranged in a two-dimensional array. The longitudinal stirrups 21 and the transverse stirrups 22 are arranged at intervals in cooperation with the surface of the concrete slab 1 respectively.

[0028] Example 2: Refer to Figure 2 , which is a high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck disclosed by the present invention. The difference from Example 1 is that the inclination angle range of the frustum-shaped groove 11 is 10 - 11.31°, and the height of the frustum-shaped groove 11 is 100mm / 350mm - 150mm / 350mm of the thickness of the concrete slab 1.

[0029] Example 3: Refer to Figures 3 - 5 , which is a high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck disclosed by the present invention. The difference from Example 1 is that one end of the longitudinal stirrup 21 is V-shaped bent with an adjustable inclination angle and is arranged relative to the inclined surface in the width direction of the frustum-shaped groove 11 or the bottom surface of the concrete slab 1, and the other end of the longitudinal stirrup 21 is U-shaped bent with an adjustable bending diameter and is arranged relative to the top surface of the frustum-shaped groove 11 or the bottom surface of the concrete slab 1.

[0030] The transverse stirrup 22 includes an upper positioning steel bar 221, 3 lower positioning steel bars 222, and 3 connecting steel bars 223. Among them, one end of the upper positioning steel bar 221 is connected to one of the lower positioning steel bars 222, and the other end of the upper positioning steel bar 221 is U-shaped bent with an adjustable bending diameter and is arranged relative to the inclined surface in the upper degree direction of the frustum-shaped groove 11 or the bottom surface of the concrete slab 1. The two ends of the lower positioning steel bar 222 are respectively V-shaped bent with an adjustable inclination angle and are arranged relative to the inclined surface in the length direction of the frustum-shaped groove 11 or the bottom surface of the concrete slab 1. The connecting steel bar 223 connects two adjacent lower positioning steel bars 222, or the other end of the upper positioning steel bar 221 and the lower positioning steel bar 222, and the connecting steel bar 223 is arranged relative to the top surface of the frustum-shaped groove 11 or the bottom surface of the concrete slab 1.

[0031] Example 4: A high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck disclosed by the present invention. The difference from Example 1 is that the concrete slab 1 is composed of raw materials with the following weight-volume ratios: cement 310 kg / m³, mineral powder 44 kg / m³, fly ash 89 kg / m³, manufactured sand 685 kg / m³, crushed stone 1117 kg / m³, water 155 kg / m³, admixture 5.76 kg / m³; among them, the water-cement ratio of the concrete of the concrete slab 1 is 0.35; the manufactured sand ratio of the concrete of the concrete slab 1 is 38%; The cement is P·II 52.5 cement, produced by Ninghai Qiangjiao Conch Cement Co., Ltd.; The mineral powder is S95 slag powder, from Hebei Anfeng Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd.; The fly ash is Class F Grade II fly ash, produced by Taizhou Tianda Environmental Protection Building Materials Co., Ltd.; The manufactured sand is manufactured sand with a particle size range of 0 - 4.75 mm, produced in Fujian; The crushed stone includes crushed stone with a particle size range of 5 - 10 mm and crushed stone with a particle size range of 10 - 20 mm in a mass ratio of 3:7, produced in Changle, Fujian; The admixture is composed of raw materials containing the following parts by weight: 55 parts of water reducer obtained by modifying polycarboxylic acid molecules with β - cyclodextrin, 8 parts of zinc sulfate, 7 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of mesoporous silica, 2 parts of copper gluconate, 5 parts of slachlor ammonium bentonite, and adding water to 100 parts.

[0032] The following instruments are used for concrete performance testing: a forced single - shaft horizontal concrete mixer (TSB - SY - 035), a volumetric liter (TSB - SY - 042), an electro - hydraulic servo pressure testing machine (TSB - SY - 047), an electronic platform scale (TSB - TY - 001 - 1), an electronic balance (TSB - TY - 001 - 2), a slump cone (TSB - SY - 074 - 1), a concrete elastic modulus and CA mortar elastic modulus measuring instrument (TSB - SY - 080), a dial gauge (TSB - TY - 007 - 1), a dial gauge (TSB - TY - 007 - 2), a steel straightedge (TSB - TY - 006 - 3), and an electro - hydraulic servo pressure testing machine (TSB - SY - 047).

[0033] After testing, the apparent density of the concrete of concrete slab 1 is 2410 kg / m³, the slump is 190 mm, the elastic modulus is 37700 MPa, the 7 - day compressive strength is 50.3 - 51.6 Mpa with an average of 51.1 MPa, and the 28 - day compressive strength is 64.3 - 65.1 Mpa with an average of 64.6 MPa.

[0034] Example 5: A high - strength reinforced concrete special - shaped bridge deck disclosed by the present invention. The difference from Example 4 is that concrete slab 1 is made by the co - admixture method from raw materials containing the following weight - to - volume ratios: 329 kg / m³ of cement, 47 kg / m³ of mineral powder, 94 kg / m³ of fly ash, 657 kg / m³ of sand, 1118 kg / m³ of stone, 155 kg / m³ of water, and 6.11 kg / m³ of admixture; among them, The water - cement ratio of the concrete of concrete slab 1 is 0.33; The manufactured sand ratio of the concrete of concrete slab 1 is 37%; The admixture is composed of raw materials in the following parts by weight: 40 parts of water reducer after modifying polycarboxylic acid molecules with β-cyclodextrin, 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of sodium alginate, 4 parts of mesoporous silica, 2 parts of copper gluconate, 4 parts of stearalkonium bentonite, and water is added to make up 100 parts.

[0035] After testing, the apparent density of the concrete of the concrete slab 1 is 2420 kg / m³, the slump is 185 mm, the elastic modulus is ≥34500 MPa, the 7-day compressive strength is 54.1 - 56.0 Mpa, with an average of 54.9 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength is 69.7 - 70.0 Mpa, with an average of 69.8 MPa.

[0036] Example 6: A special-shaped bridge deck of high-strength reinforced concrete disclosed by the present invention is different from Example 1 in that the concrete slab 1 is made by the co-doping method from raw materials in the following weight-volume ratio: 286 kg / m³ of cement, 41 kg / m³ of mineral powder, 82 kg / m³ of fly ash, 772 kg / m³ of sand, 1066 kg / m³ of stone, 155 kg / m³ of water, 5.30 kg / m³ of admixture; among them, The water-cement ratio of the concrete of the concrete slab 1 is 0.37; The mechanism sand ratio of the concrete of the concrete slab 1 is 42%; The admixture is composed of raw materials in the following parts by weight: 60 parts of water reducer after modifying polycarboxylic acid molecules with β-cyclodextrin, 10 parts of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of sodium alginate, 6 parts of mesoporous silica, 3 parts of copper gluconate, 6 parts of stearalkonium bentonite, and water is added to make up 100 parts.

[0037] After testing, the apparent density of the concrete of the concrete slab 1 is 2410 kg / m³, the slump is 200 mm, the elastic modulus is ≥34500 MPa, the 7-day compressive strength is 46.5 - 48.5 Mpa, with an average of 47.3 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength is 59.1 - 60.2 Mpa, with an average of 59.5 MPa.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck, characterized in that: It includes a concrete slab (1) and a steel bar framework (2); wherein, The concrete slab (1) is composed of raw materials with the following weight - volume ratios: cement 286 - 329 kg / m³, mineral powder 41 - 47 kg / m³, fly ash 82 - 94 kg / m³, manufactured sand 657 - 772 kg / m³, crushed stone 1066 - 1118 kg / m³, water 155 kg / m³, and admixture 5.30 - 6.11 kg / m³; At least two frustum - shaped grooves (11) are formed on the bottom surface of the concrete slab (1), and the at least two frustum - shaped grooves (11) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the concrete slab (1); The steel bar framework (2) includes a plurality of longitudinal stirrups (21) arranged side - by - side and penetrating through the concrete slab (1), a plurality of transverse stirrups (22) inserted side - by - side on the concrete slab (1) and sleeved on the plurality of longitudinal stirrups (21), and hook - shaped steel bars (23) sleeved on the longitudinal stirrups (21) and the transverse stirrups (22). The longitudinal stirrups (21) and the transverse stirrups (22) are respectively arranged at intervals in cooperation with the surface of the concrete slab (1).

2. The high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water - cement ratio of the concrete of the concrete slab (1) is 0.33 - 0.

37.

3. A special-shaped bridge deck made of high-strength reinforced concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manufactured - sand ratio of the concrete of the concrete slab (1) is 37 - 42%.

4. A high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apparent density of the concrete of the concrete slab (1) is 2400 - 2430 kg / m³.

5. A high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The admixture is composed of raw materials with the following weight parts: polycarboxylate superplasticizer 40 - 60 parts, zinc sulfate 5 - 10 parts, sodium alginate 5 - 10 parts, mesoporous silica 4 - 6 parts, copper gluconate 2 - 3 parts, stearalkonium bentonite 4 - 6 parts, and water is added to 100 parts.

6. The high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a superplasticizer obtained by modifying polycarboxylate molecules with β - cyclodextrin.

7. A high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete slab (1) is composed of raw materials with the following weight - volume ratios: cement 310 kg / m³, mineral powder 44 kg / m³, fly ash 89 kg / m³, manufactured sand 685 kg / m³, crushed stone 1117 kg / m³, water 155 kg / m³, and admixture 5.76 kg / m³.

8. A high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the frustum - shaped groove (11) is 10 - 12°, and the height of the frustum - shaped groove (11) is 25 - 45% of the thickness of the concrete slab (1).

9. The high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the longitudinal stirrup (21) is V - shaped bent with an adjustable inclination angle and is arranged relative to the inclined surface of the frustum - shaped groove (11) in the width direction or the bottom surface of the concrete slab (1). The other end of the longitudinal stirrup (21) is U - shaped bent with an adjustable bending diameter and is arranged relative to the top surface of the frustum - shaped groove (11) or the bottom surface of the concrete slab (1).

10. A high-strength reinforced concrete special-shaped bridge deck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse stirrup (22) includes an upper positioning steel bar (221), a plurality of lower positioning steel bars (222), and a plurality of connecting steel bars (223). One end of the upper positioning steel bar (221) is connected to one of the lower positioning steel bars (222), and the other end of the upper positioning steel bar (221) is U-shaped bent with an adjustable bending diameter and is arranged relative to the inclined surface of the frustum-shaped groove (11) in the upper direction or the bottom surface of the concrete slab (1). Both ends of the lower positioning steel bar (222) are V-shaped bent with an adjustable inclination angle and are arranged relative to the inclined surface of the frustum-shaped groove (11) in the length direction or the bottom surface of the concrete slab (1). The connecting steel bar (223) connects two adjacent lower positioning steel bars (222), or the other end of the upper positioning steel bar (221) and the lower positioning steel bar (222), and the connecting steel bar (223) is arranged relative to the top surface of the frustum-shaped groove (11) or the bottom surface of the concrete slab (1).

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