Mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and automatic resetting functions

Abstract

The invention discloses a mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and automatic resetting functions. The mooring pile device comprises a mooring pile body, a spring driving assembly and a mooring rope. First reset spring assemblies are connected to the side face of the mooring pile body in a circumferential array mode. The first reset spring assembly comprises first reset springs which are vertically arranged; a first fixing plate is connected between the first reset spring and the spring driving assembly. The spring driving assembly comprises hydraulic fixing equipment; a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, a hydraulic pipeline assembly and a hydraulic oil tank are arranged in the hydraulic fixing equipment; a second fixing plate and a hydraulic push-pull rod are connected between the piston and the first fixing plate; a second reset spring is connected between the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston. The hydraulic fixing equipment is positioned in the soil body; an upper limiting lug and a lower limiting lug are arranged at the top of the mooring pile body, and a groove for fixing a mooring rope is formed between the upper limiting lug and the lower limiting lug; and universal wheels are arranged at the bottom of the mooring pile body. According to the invention, graded dissipation of impact energy is realized, and disturbance to a soil body is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for mooring operation ships, and particularly relates to a mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and self-resetting. Background Art

[0002] Traditional concrete or steel piles adopt a rigid fixed design. When a ship berths, the instantaneous impact force is directly transmitted to the dock foundation through the pile body, causing concrete cracking at the pile-dock connection, which needs to be frequently repaired, and the annual maintenance cost increases. A patent has proposed a scheme of thickening the pile wall, which although improves the bending stiffness, sacrifices the impact energy absorption capacity of the pile body, resulting in an increased wear rate of the ship's mooring rope. Some buffer piles use rubber pads at the pile top, which can relieve the impact in the short term, but the rubber is prone to aging and cracking under seawater immersion and ultraviolet radiation (service life < 3 years), and the reset speed is too fast (< 1 second), unable to match the continuous load generated by the slow pulling of the tide, resulting in secondary offset after the pile body is reset (offset cumulative error > 15 cm / year). The hydraulic buffer piles proposed in recent years need an external pump station, the system is complex and the energy consumption is high, and it is difficult to deploy in the narrow space of the dock.

[0003] Considering the particularity of the comprehensive dock scenario, the existing mooring pile technologies have the following core defects: First, rigid force transmission causes damage to the dock structure: the impact energy cannot be effectively dissipated, resulting in fatigue damage at the pile-dock connection; Second, the buffer material has a short service life and the reset rate is mismatched: the traditional buffer components have poor weather resistance, and the reset speed is not synchronized with the change of tidal / wave loads; Third, for some pile bodies with sensors, they are overly dependent on sensors, resulting in high failure rates and high maintenance costs, and the electronic sensing elements are prone to failure in the salt spray environment, and the external drive components are complex; Fourth, once the current mooring piles fail, there are basically two situations: no maintenance or high maintenance costs and great difficulties.

[0004] At present, there is a lack of visual monitoring means for the internal structural damage of traditional pile bodies (such as micro-cracks in steel piles and concrete carbonization), and it is often discovered only after sudden fracture, which causes potential safety hazards.

[0005] Secondly, due to the fixed pile body of traditional dock mooring piles, in some extreme environments, when the mooring rope moored on the pile body reaches its ultimate bearing capacity under the action of floating bodies such as ships, the pile body cannot provide an effective buffering effect, resulting in an increased risk of mooring rope breakage. At the same time, the breakage of the mooring rope also brings great danger to the hull and crew.

[0006] In addition, the maintenance operation of the traditional mooring pile structure interferes with the dock operation, and the shutdown maintenance cost is high: replacing the buffer component or repairing the pile body needs to suspend the dock operation, and the annual shutdown time exceeds 72 hours, which will directly lead to the loss of port throughput.

[0007] When a floating body such as a ship is subjected to instantaneous loads such as waves, ship impacts, or earthquakes, how to buffer and dissipate the energy of the mooring pile, disperse the stress concentration area, reduce the peak stress, and minimize the soil disturbance is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Object of the Invention: Aiming at the dynamic load characteristics and space limitations of the mooring piles at the wharf in the prior art, the present invention proposes a mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and self-resetting. By adjusting the stiffness distribution and energy dissipation, it can simultaneously achieve hierarchical dissipation of impact energy, and reduce the peak stress of the wharf structure through the finite displacement of the pile body, and reduce the disturbance to the soil.

[0009] Technical Solution: The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and self-resetting of the present invention includes a mooring pile body, a spring driving assembly, and a cable; a first reset spring assembly is circumferentially and arrayedly connected to the side surface of the mooring pile body; the first reset spring assembly includes first reset springs arranged vertically; a first fixing plate is connected between the first reset spring and the spring driving assembly;

[0010] The spring driving assembly includes a hydraulic fixing device; the hydraulic fixing device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, a hydraulic pipeline assembly, and a hydraulic oil tank; a second fixing plate and a hydraulic push rod are connected between the piston and the first fixing plate; a second reset spring is connected between the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston; the cross-section of the second reset spring is a triangle formed by connecting three springs; the hydraulic fixing device is located in the soil;

[0011] The top of the mooring pile body is provided with an upper limit ear and a lower limit ear, and a groove for fixing the cable is provided between the upper limit ear and the lower limit ear; the bottom of the mooring pile body has a universal wheel.

[0012] The elastic coefficient of the second reset spring is less than that of the first reset spring. Therefore, when the mooring pile body is under the action of the cable, the stretching amount of the first reset spring is extremely short.

[0013] The top of the hydraulic fixing device is flush with the soil surface to ensure that the top cover plate of the hydraulic fixing device is opened.

[0014] The hydraulic pipeline assembly includes a first hydraulic pipeline and a second hydraulic pipeline. The first hydraulic pipeline connects the first oil inlet and outlet hole and the hydraulic oil tank, and the second hydraulic pipeline connects the second oil inlet and outlet hole and the hydraulic oil tank.

[0015] The inner diameter of the first oil inlet and outlet hole is equal to the inner diameter of the second oil inlet and outlet hole.

[0016] The hydraulic fixing device includes a cover plate and a hydraulic holding chamber, and the hydraulic cylinder is located in the hydraulic holding chamber.

[0017] Fasteners are connected between the cover plate and the hydraulic holding chamber.

[0018] The lower limit ear is located above the first return spring, and the mooring cable is fixed at the groove between the upper limit ear and the lower limit ear.

[0019] There is a first sealing ring between the piston and the hydraulic cylinder.

[0020] One side of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a hole, and the hydraulic push-pull rod passes through the hole and is connected to the piston.

[0021] Working principle: In the mooring operation state, when a floating structure such as a ship is subjected to an instantaneous load, the mooring pile device of the present invention receives the impact energy of the mooring cable. The buffer of the first return springs arrayed around the mooring pile body serves as the first-stage energy dissipation, and at the same time, the spring drive assembly connected to the first return springs plays a role in the second-stage energy dissipation; the second return spring fixed inside the spring drive assembly serves as the third-stage energy dissipation, thereby reducing the peak stress of the wharf structure through the limited displacement of the pile body.

[0022] At the connection between the wharf pile foundation and the upper structure such as the bearing platform, due to the sudden change in stiffness, stress concentration is likely to occur, especially under wave, ship impact or seismic loads. The role of the limited displacement is to allow the pile body to undergo controllable elastic or plastic displacement. By adjusting the stiffness distribution and energy dissipation, the stress concentration area is dispersed, the peak stress is reduced, and the disturbance of the soil body is minimized.

[0023] The form presented by the present invention in terms of structure is a central mooring pile body, a spring drive assembly fixed in the soil and arranged in a circumferential array around it, and a linkage assembly between the two. When the pile body generates a small displacement under the action of the mooring cable, the first return springs and the spring drive assembly dynamically buffer and slowly reset the pile body within a certain range, avoiding repeated shear damage to the surrounding soil body.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] (1) The present invention introduces a spring drive assembly and a first return spring, realizing the dynamic displacement buffer and self-reset of the mooring pile body, avoiding repeated shear damage to the surrounding soil body, and increasing the stability of floating structures such as ships using this mooring pile for berthing operations.

[0026] (2) Since the mooring pile body generates a dynamic displacement buffer under the action of the cable, it buffers the instantaneous load between the cable and the mooring pile body, reduces the risk of cable breakage while also reducing the friction between the cable and the mooring pile body, and extends the service life of the cable.

[0027] (3) The present invention does not require an external power reset mechanism, is suitable for the humid salt spray environment of the wharf, and is convenient for timely troubleshooting and simple maintenance and repair, with high efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the mooring pile device for dynamic displacement buffering and self-resetting of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the on-site installation of the mooring pile device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic top view structure diagram of the mooring pile device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working condition of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring drive assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the spring drive assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal working process of the spring drive assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the hydraulic push-pull rod of the present invention. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] Figures 1-8 In it: mooring pile body 1; pile body groove 1-1; upper limit ear 2; lower limit ear 3; universal wheel 4; first return spring 5; first fixing plate 6; second fixing plate 7; pin 8; hydraulic cylinder 9; second return spring 9-1; first sealing ring 9-2; in-cylinder piston 9-3; second sealing ring 9-4; first oil inlet / outlet hole 9-5-1; second oil inlet / outlet hole 9-5-2; cover plate 10; bolt 10-1; handle 10-2; nut 10-3; hydraulic holding chamber 10-4; hydraulic push-pull rod 11; first hydraulic pipeline 12; second hydraulic pipeline 13; hydraulic oil tank 14.

[0038] The mooring pile device for dynamic displacement buffering and self-resetting of the present invention includes a mooring pile body 1 and linkage components and spring drive components arrayed around the mooring pile body 1. Both the linkage components and the hydraulic spring composite drive components are connected to the mooring pile in a circumferential array manner to form a whole. In this embodiment, the array angle is 60 degrees, and a total of six groups are arrayed.

[0039] An upper limit ear 2 is provided at the top of the mooring pile body 1, a lower limit ear 3 is provided above the lower linkage components of the mooring pile body 1, and a universal wheel 4 is installed at the bottom of the pile body 1.

[0040] The linkage assembly includes a first return spring 5, a first fixed plate 6, and a second fixed plate 7. The first return spring 5 is used to connect the first fixed plate 6 and the mooring pile body 1, and the first fixed plate 6 and the second fixed plate 7 are fixed by a pin 8. In this embodiment, the second fixed plate 7 and the hydraulic push rod 11 are of an integral structure, and the function is to prevent the pressure at the acting position of the hydraulic push rod 11 from being too large and causing damage to the first fixed plate 6. The positions where the three first return springs 5 are installed are in the same vertical plane, and the distances between any two of them are equal.

[0041] The spring drive assembly includes a hydraulic fixing device, a hydraulic cylinder 9, a first hydraulic pipe 12, a second hydraulic pipe 13, a hydraulic oil tank 14, a hydraulic push rod 11, and a second return spring 9-1 and an in-cylinder piston 9-3 inside the hydraulic cylinder 9. The in-cylinder piston 9-3 is sleeved with a first sealing ring 9-2, and the opening on one side of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is sleeved with a second sealing ring 9-4. The presence of the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring ensures the airtightness inside the hydraulic cylinder.

[0042] The hydraulic pipes are composed of a first hydraulic pipe 12 and a second hydraulic pipe 13. One end of the first hydraulic pipe 12 is connected to the first oil inlet / outlet hole 9-5-1, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic oil tank. One end of the second hydraulic pipe 13 is connected to the second oil inlet / outlet hole 9-5-2, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic oil tank. The inner diameters of the two oil inlet / outlet holes are the same as the outer diameters of the two hydraulic pipes, and the connections are all airtight connections.

[0043] The first oil inlet / outlet hole 9-5-1 and the second oil inlet / outlet hole 9-5-2 are located at the front and rear ends of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hole diameters are the same. The size of the hole diameter determines the dynamic buffering effect of the hydraulic cylinder during operation. Due to the presence of the hydraulic oil tank, it provides the condition for the circulation of the hydraulic oil of the entire spring drive assembly.

[0044] The hydraulic fixing device consists of two parts: a cover plate 10 and a hydraulic holding chamber 10-4. The cover plate 10 is connected to the hydraulic holding chamber 10-4 by bolts and nuts. The hydraulic fixing device is used to store and fix the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic oil tank.

[0045] The hydraulic push rod 11 is located at the opening on one side of the hydraulic cylinder. One end of the hydraulic push rod 11 is connected to the in-cylinder piston 9-3 inside the hydraulic cylinder 9, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second fixed plate 7. In this embodiment, the hydraulic push rod 11 and the second fixed plate 7 are welded together. A handle 10-2 and a bolt 10-1 are installed at the center of the top of the cover plate 10. A nut 10-3 corresponding to the position of the bolt 10-1 is fixed inside the hydraulic holding chamber 10-4. The cover plate 10 is opened when performing maintenance or replacing hydraulic equipment.

[0046] Such as Figure 2 And Figure 4As shown, the prerequisite for the device to work is that the hydraulic fixing device of the array is installed in dense soil or reinforced concrete, so that the top cover plate 10 of the hydraulic fixing device in the spring drive assembly is on the same level as the surface of the dense soil or reinforced concrete. Furthermore, the spring drive assembly of the array except for the hydraulic push-pull rod and the piston in the cylinder is fixed; and it is ensured that the top cover plate 10 of the hydraulic fixing device is opened.

[0047] The dense soil or reinforced concrete in the space area occupied by the linkage assembly and the mooring pile body 1 needs to be removed to the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the universal wheel 4 installed at the bottom of the mooring pile body. The purpose is: to enable the mooring pile body 1 to move within a small range with the help of the universal wheel 4 at the bottom under the action of the cable, and to achieve displacement buffering and self-resetting of the mooring pile body 1 under the action of the fixed array of spring drive assemblies and the linkage assembly.

[0048] As Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown, the elastic coefficient of the first return spring 5 between the first fixed plate 6 of the linkage assembly and the mooring pile body 1 is 2k, and the initial state of the first return spring 5 is the free state. The elastic coefficient of the second return spring 9-1 in the hydraulic cylinder 9 is k, and it has an initial state with a large spring spacing arrangement.

[0049] The second return spring 9-1 is composed of three springs with an elastic coefficient of k and an initial state with a large spring spacing. One end of the second return spring 9-1 is connected to the inner bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is connected to the piston in the cylinder. The three springs are installed at positions forming an equilateral triangle.

[0050] Therefore, when the mooring pile body 1 is under the action of an external cable, the stretching amount of the first return spring 5 is extremely short. The function of the first return spring 5 is to drive the hydraulic push-pull rod 11 to move, and then drive the return spring 9-2 to move. As Figure 9 shown, the length L1 of the hydraulic push-pull rod 11 in the hydraulic cylinder 9 and the length L2 in the linkage assembly are the same in the initial state of the device, so as to meet the requirement that when the device reaches the maximum displacement under the action of the cable, the second return spring 9-1 inside the hydraulic cylinder 9 reaches the maximum compression amount, and at the same time, the second fixed plate 7 at the linkage assembly reaches the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder 9 in the hydraulic fixing device.

[0051] The working process of the mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and self-resetting of the present invention is as follows:

[0052] (1) Dynamic displacement buffering process: When a floating structure such as a ship is at berthing operation, the mooring cable is moored at the pile body groove 1-1 between the upper limit ear 2 and the lower limit ear 3 of the mooring pile body 1 of the device. The pile body groove 1-1, the upper limit ear 2 and the lower limit ear 3 of the mooring pile body 1 prevent the mooring cable from falling off the top of the mooring pile and from falling into the linkage assembly of the mooring pile array.

[0053] The movement of the cable drives the mooring pile body 1 to move, and the movement of the mooring pile body 1 is achieved through the universal wheel 4 installed at the bottom. The linkage assembly of the circular array serves as a connection structure between the mooring pile part and the spring drive assembly. The three first return springs 5 with an elastic coefficient of 2k installed in the same vertical plane between the first fixed plate 6 and the mooring pile body 1 of the single linkage assembly move synchronously with the mooring pile body 1. The first fixed plate 6 and the second fixed plate 7 are closely connected through four pins 8. The functions of these two fixed plates are: 1. With the synchronous movement of the first return spring 5, the hydraulic push-pull rod 11 of the spring drive assembly of the array connected to the second fixed plate 7 moves; 2. It is used to resist the upward pulling force brought by the cable on the mooring pile body 1. The hydraulic push-pull rod 11 drives the cylinder piston 13 inside the hydraulic cylinder 9 in the spring drive assembly of the array to move, and the three second return springs 9-1 connected to the other side of the cylinder piston 13 are distributed in an equilateral triangle. The second return spring 9 - 1 in the initial state with a large spring spacing generates an opposite force to resist the movement of the piston 13 in the cylinder when it is stretched or compressed by the piston 13 in the cylinder.

[0054] Due to the action of the circular array spring drive assembly and the second return spring 9-1, the dynamic displacement of the mooring pile body 1 has a buffering effect, which increases the stability of floating structures such as ships that use the mooring pile for mooring operations. Second, because the mooring pile body produces dynamic displacement buffering under the action of the cable, it plays a buffering role in the instantaneous load between the cable and the mooring pile body, reducing the risk of cable breakage while also reducing the friction between the cable and the mooring pile body, extending the service life of the cable.

[0055] (2) Autonomous reset process: The movement of the cable drives the mooring pile body 1 to move. When the mooring pile body 1 moves in a certain direction, the second reset spring 9-1 in the hydraulic cylinder 9 in this direction and the hydraulic spring composite drive assembly in this direction will generate thrust to slow down the process. And due to the existence of the linkage assembly of the entire device and the hydraulic spring drive assembly of the circumferential array, the remaining parts outside this direction will produce a force that hinders the mooring pile body 1 from moving in this direction. When the force of the cable on the mooring pile body 1 and the force of the entire device on the mooring pile body 1 are balanced, the movement of the mooring pile body 1 stops. Next, because the device is not in a balanced state, the entire device will be in a balanced state again under the action of the second reset spring 9-1, and due to the action of the spring drive assembly, this process also has a dynamic buffering effect. The equilibrium state of the entire device here is that the mooring pile body 1 is at the center of the linkage assembly and spring drive assembly of the circumferential array when the device is not subjected to force.

Claims

1. A mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and autonomous reset, characterized in that: It includes a mooring pile body (1), a spring drive assembly and a cable; a first reset spring assembly is connected in a circumferential array on the side of the mooring pile body (1); the first reset spring assembly includes a first reset spring (5) arranged vertically; a first fixing plate (6) is connected between the first reset spring (5) and the spring drive assembly; The spring drive assembly includes a hydraulic fixing device; inside the hydraulic fixing device, there are a hydraulic cylinder (9), a piston (9-3), a hydraulic pipeline assembly and a hydraulic oil tank (14); a second fixing plate (7) and a hydraulic push rod (11) are connected between the piston (9-3) and the first fixing plate (6); a second reset spring (9-1) is connected between the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (9) and the piston (9-3); the cross-section of the second reset spring (9-1) is a triangle formed by connecting three springs; the hydraulic fixing device is located in the soil; The top of the mooring pile body (1) is provided with an upper limit ear (2) and a lower limit ear (3), and a groove (1-1) for fixing the cable is formed between the upper limit ear (2) and the lower limit ear (3); a universal wheel (4) is provided at the bottom of the mooring pile body (1).

2. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and autonomous reset according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic coefficient of the second reset spring (9-1) is less than that of the first reset spring (5).

3. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and automatic reset according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the hydraulic fixing device is flush with the soil surface.

4. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and automatic reset according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic pipeline assembly includes a first hydraulic pipeline (12) and a second hydraulic pipeline (13). The first hydraulic pipeline (12) is connected to a first oil inlet and outlet hole and the hydraulic oil tank, and the second hydraulic pipeline (13) is connected to a second oil inlet and outlet hole and the hydraulic oil tank.

5. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and autonomous reset according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the first oil inlet and outlet hole is equal to that of the second oil inlet and outlet hole.

6. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and automatic reset according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic fixing device includes a cover plate (10) and a hydraulic holding chamber (10-4), and the hydraulic cylinder (9) is located in the hydraulic holding chamber (10-4).

7. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and automatic reset according to claim 6, characterized in that: Fasteners are connected between the cover plate (10) and the hydraulic holding chamber (10-4).

8. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and automatic reset according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower limit ear (3) is located above the first reset spring (5).

9. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and autonomous reset according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealing ring (9-2) is provided between the piston (9-3) and the hydraulic cylinder (9).

10. The mooring pile device with dynamic displacement buffering and autonomous reset according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hole is formed on one side of the hydraulic cylinder (9), and the hydraulic push rod (11) passes through the hole and is connected to the piston (9-3).

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