Arching method of truss

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of buildings, and discloses a truss arching method which comprises the following steps that connecting trusses are placed on the two sides of a jig frame according to a design drawing, and the connecting trusses are detachably connected with the jig frame through temporary connecting pieces; a plurality of installation point positions are calibrated on the symmetrical string beams connected with the truss, and a jack is fixed to each installation point position; according to a preset load gradient, controlling each jack to apply a load force to the string beam in stages so as to enable the connecting truss to generate upward or downward elastic deformation until a target arching amount is reached; the arching amount of the connecting truss is measured, and the measured arching amount is compared with the preset arching amount; and if the comparison result meets the standard, the constraint of the temporary connecting piece is relieved, the jack is dismantled, and then the joint of the connecting truss and the jig frame is completely welded and fixed. The method is simple in operation, does not need repeated positioning and reference finding, can effectively reduce the labor intensity of operators, and is high in arching control precision and small in deviation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction technology, and particularly to a cambering method for a truss. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of society, various public buildings have emerged, and at the same time, the building functions have been gradually improved to meet the requirements of architectural aesthetics and safety. Roof structures such as grid structures, cable-stayed membrane structures, and large-span truss structures assembled from large-span boxes have emerged to meet the current building needs.

[0003] Currently, the cambering methods for large-span trusses are mechanical cambering method and heating cambering method. Among them, the mechanical cambering method uses a jack to apply an external force for cambering. The cambering and camber formation of each truss are completed through positioning to find a reference, applying an external force, measuring the camber, and then applying an external force again, repeating multiple times to complete the entire operation process. However, the above cambering methods are difficult in cambering and camber formation, the camber cannot be accurately controlled, and the cambering and camber formation of each truss are completed through positioning to find a reference and repeating multiple times. The entire operation process is time-consuming, the process is cumbersome, and the labor intensity of the operator is high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a cambering method for a truss.

[0005] The present application provides a cambering method for a truss, including the following steps:

[0006] Place connecting trusses on both sides of the jig according to the design drawing, and detachably connect the connecting trusses to the jig through temporary connectors;

[0007] Mark a plurality of installation points on the symmetric chord beams of the connecting truss, and fix jacks at each installation point; wherein, adjacent jacks on the same chord beam apply load forces to the chord beam in alternating directions;

[0008] Control the load forces applied by each jack to the chord beam in stages according to a preset load gradient, so that the connecting truss generates upward or downward elastic deformation until the target camber is reached;

[0009] Measure the camber of the connecting truss, and compare the measured camber with the preset camber;

[0010] If the comparison result meets the standard, release the constraint of the temporary connector and remove the jacks, and then completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss and the jig to form an integral body of the connecting truss and the jig.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the steps of measuring the camber of the connecting truss and comparing the measured camber with the preset camber include:

[0012] After detachably connecting the connecting truss and the jig with temporary connectors, measure the first overall length L1 of the two connecting trusses and the jig;

[0013] After the elastic deformation of the connecting truss reaches the target camber, measure the second overall length L2 of the two connecting trusses and the jig;

[0014] Calculate the actual camber S according to the following formula: S = L2 - L1;

[0015] Compare the actual camber with the target camber. If the comparison error ≤ 3%, release the constraint of the temporary connector and remove the jack, and then completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss and the jig so that the connecting truss and the jig form an integral body.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, if the comparison error ≥ 3%, invert the installation directions of the jacks with each other, and control the jacks to apply load forces to the chord beams in stages according to the preset load gradient until the connecting truss elastically deforms until it reaches the target camber;

[0017] Measure the camber of the connecting truss and compare the measured camber with the preset camber.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, the steps of calibrating multiple installation points on the symmetric chord beams of the connecting truss include:

[0019] Conduct stress analysis on the connecting truss, and then calibrate the installation points on the symmetric chord beams of the connecting truss according to the stress analysis results.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, both the jig and the connecting truss are connected by steel pipes.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the jack is fixed to the installation point on the chord beam through a fixing piece.

[0022] In a possible implementation manner, the connecting truss includes a vertical first direction and a second direction;

[0023] The fixing member includes a first fixing plate arranged along the first direction and a second fixing plate extending along the second direction. One end of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate that are close to each other are connected to form an accommodation space. The jack is located in the accommodation space, and the fixed end of the jack is connected to the second fixing plate. One end of the first fixing plate away from the second fixing plate is fixed to the chord beam, and the extending end of the jack abuts against the chord beam.

[0024] In a possible implementation manner, the fixing member further includes a backing plate, and the backing plate is fixed to the inner side surface of the second fixing plate. The fixed end of the jack is fixedly connected to the backing plate.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, the fixing member further includes a limiting plate arranged in the accommodation space along the second direction. One end of the limiting plate close to the first fixing plate is connected to the first fixing plate, and the extending end of the jack telescopically passes through the limiting plate.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner, the jack is a 10-ton mechanical jack.

[0027] The above technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0028] Place the connecting truss on both sides of the jig, and temporarily connect the connecting truss to the jig by using temporary connecting members. Then, determine a plurality of installation points on the chord beam of the connecting truss, and fix a jack at each installation point. Furthermore, the jack can be used to apply a load force to the chord beam so that the connecting truss generates an upward or downward elastic deformation until the target camber is reached. Then, compare the actual camber of the connecting truss with the preset camber. If the comparison result meets the standard, release the constraint of the temporary connecting member and remove the jack. Subsequently, completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss and the jig, thereby completing the on-site installation of the truss. That is to say, the method of the present invention is simple to operate, does not require repeated positioning to find a reference, can effectively reduce the labor intensity of operators, and at the same time has high control accuracy for camber, small deviation, and can quickly complete the installation of the truss within the allowable range of design and specifications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present invention and used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] In the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the arching method of a truss in the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic connection diagram of a falsework and a connecting truss in the arching method of a truss in the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a jack and a fixing member in the arching method of a truss in the present application.

[0035] Reference numerals in the drawings:

[0036] 10, falsework; 20, connecting truss; 30, jack; 40, fixing member; 41, first fixing plate; 42, second fixing plate; 43, backing plate; 44, limiting plate; A, accommodation space; X, first direction; Y, second direction. Detailed embodiments

[0037] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the following will specifically describe the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail. In the following description, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are constructed and operated in a specific orientation, only for the convenience of describing the present technical solution, rather than indicating that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0038] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", "fixation", "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. When a component is referred to as "on" or "under" another component, the component can be "directly" or "indirectly" located above the other component, or there may also be one or more intermediate components. Terms such as "first", "second", "third", etc. are only for the convenience of describing the present technical solution, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", "third", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are presented for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art should clearly understand that the present invention can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details from interfering with the description of the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present application provides a cambering method for a truss, and the cambering method for the truss includes the following steps:

[0041] S100. Place connecting trusses 20 on both sides of the jig 10 according to the design drawing, and detachably connect the connecting trusses 20 to the jig 10 through temporary connectors.

[0042] Due to the long length of the current truss, on-site assembly is often required, and then arching is carried out according to the arch rise amount to complete the installation of the truss. Therefore, in this embodiment, the jig 10 and the connecting truss 20 are respectively produced according to the design drawings, and then the produced jig 10 and the connecting truss 20 are transported to the construction site. Then, according to the design drawings, the connecting truss 20 is placed on both sides of the jig 10, and the end of the connecting truss 20 is docked with the end face of the jig 10. Then, the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10 are temporarily fixed by using temporary connecting members to prevent the connecting truss 20 from being misaligned during the arching process. In addition, it should be noted that the above temporary connecting members can be solder joints formed by spot welding at the docking part between the jig 10 and the connecting truss 20 by using welding equipment, or components that can temporarily connect the jig 10 and the connecting truss 20, and no limitation is made thereto.

[0043] S200. Mark a plurality of installation points on the symmetric chord beams of the connecting truss 20, and fix the jacks 30 at each of the installation points; wherein, the adjacent jacks 30 on the same chord beam apply load forces to the chord beam in an alternating direction.

[0044] Exemplarily, marking a plurality of installation points on the symmetric chord beams of the connecting truss 20 is for accurately fixing the jacks 30 on the chord beams subsequently, so as to avoid inaccurate arch rise amount of the connecting truss 20 caused by incorrect installation positions of the jacks 30, and further avoid being unable to meet the assembly requirements of the truss. In addition, since the adjacent jacks 30 on the same chord beam apply load forces to the chord beam in an alternating direction, local bending moments can be balanced with each other, so that the load is evenly transmitted inside the chord beam, avoiding lateral offset, and thus ensuring accurate and controllable deformation.

[0045] S300. Control the load forces applied by each jack 30 to the chord beam in stages according to a preset load gradient, so that the connecting truss 20 generates upward or downward elastic deformation until the target arch rise amount is reached. That is to say, after the jacks 30 are fixed at the corresponding installation points, control the load forces applied by the jacks 30 to the chord beam in stages according to a preset load gradient, so that the connecting truss 20 generates upward or downward elastic deformation. Until the connecting truss 20 reaches the target arch rise amount, the jacks 30 stop extending, so that the connecting truss 20 maintains this arch rise amount for subsequent measurement of the arch rise amount. In addition, by adopting the method of loading in load gradients, the internal stress of the material can be gradually released, avoiding irreversible damage caused by sudden loads and meeting the high-precision assembly requirements.

[0046] S400. Measure the arch rise amount of the connecting truss 20, and compare the measured arch rise amount with the preset arch rise amount.

[0047] S500. If the comparison result meets the standard, release the constraint of the temporary connector and remove the jack 30. Subsequently, completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10 so that the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10 form an integral body. That is to say, after the actual camber meets the standard, it is necessary to release the constraint of the temporary connector, remove the jack 30 from the connecting truss 20, and then use welding to completely fix the connection between the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10, thereby completing the overall installation of the truss.

[0048] For the camber method of the truss in this embodiment, place the connecting truss 20 on both sides of the jig 10, and temporarily connect the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10 using a temporary connector. Then, determine multiple installation points on the chord beam of the connecting truss 20, and fix a jack 30 at each installation point. Furthermore, the jack 30 can be used to apply a load force to the chord beam so that the connecting truss 20 undergoes an upward or downward elastic deformation until the target camber is reached. Then, compare the actual camber of the connecting truss 20 with the preset camber. If the comparison result meets the standard, release the constraint of the temporary connector and remove the jack 30. Subsequently, completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10, thereby completing the on-site installation of the truss. That is to say, the method of the present invention is simple to operate, does not require repeated positioning to find the reference, can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the operator, and at the same time has a high control accuracy for camber, with a small deviation, and can quickly complete the installation of the truss within the allowable range of design and specifications.

[0049] In a possible implementation manner, the step of measuring the camber of the connecting truss 20 and comparing the measured camber with the preset camber includes: after detachably connecting the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10 through a temporary connector, measuring the first overall length L1 of the two connecting trusses 20 and the jig 10; after the elastic deformation of the connecting truss 20 reaches the target camber, measuring the second overall length L2 of the two connecting trusses 20 and the jig 10; calculating the actual camber S according to the following formula: S = L2 - L1; comparing the actual camber with the target camber. If the comparison error ≤ 3%, release the constraint of the temporary connector and remove the jack 30. Subsequently, completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10 so that the connecting truss 20 and the jig 10 form an integral body.

[0050] In practical applications, after temporarily connecting the connecting truss 20 and the falsework 10 through temporary connectors, first measure the lengths of the two connecting trusses 20 and the falsework 10 to obtain the first overall length L1; when the connecting truss 20 elastically deforms to the target camber, measure the lengths of the two connecting trusses 20 and the falsework 10 to obtain the second overall length L2, and then subtract the first overall length L1 from the second overall length L2 to calculate the actual camber of the connecting truss 20. Finally, compare the actual camber with the target camber. If the comparison error ≤ 3%, release the constraint of the temporary connector and remove the jack 30, and then completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss 20 and the falsework 10 to complete the installation of the entire truss. That is to say, the method for judging whether the camber of the connecting truss 20 meets the standard is to compare the front and rear lengths of the connecting truss 20 and the falsework 10, and it is possible to judge whether the camber of the truss meets the standard without using auxiliary measuring tools.

[0051] In a possible implementation manner, if the comparison error ≥ 3%, reverse the installation directions of the jacks 30 with respect to each other, and control the jacks 30 to apply load forces to the chord beam in stages according to a preset load gradient until the connecting truss 20 elastically deforms until it reaches the target camber; measure the camber of the connecting truss 20 and compare the measured camber with the preset camber. That is to say, when the comparison error ≥ 3%, it indicates that the camber of the connecting truss 20 does not meet the construction standard and needs to be adjusted again. First, remove the jacks 30 from the chord beam, reverse the installation directions of the jacks 30 and install them on the chord beam, and then control the jacks 30 to apply load forces to the chord beam in stages according to a preset load gradient until the connecting truss 20 elastically deforms until it reaches the target camber. Then measure the actual camber and compare it with the preset camber, and repeat the above steps until the camber of the connecting truss 20 meets the standard. In this way, a real-time closed-loop control of measurement → comparison → direction adjustment → reloading can be formed, upgrading the traditional single loading to dynamic iterative optimization.

[0052] In a possible implementation manner, the step of calibrating multiple installation points on the symmetric chord beam of the connecting truss 20 includes: performing stress analysis on the connecting truss 20, and then calibrating the installation points on the symmetric chord beam of the connecting truss 20 according to the stress analysis results. In this way, the mechanical weak areas and deformation sensitive points of the chord beam can be predicted through stress analysis, and the installation points can be calibrated specifically, so that the force application direction of the jack 30 matches the main stress direction of the chord beam, avoiding load redundancy or deficiency caused by traditional empirical layout.

[0053] In a possible implementation manner, both the falsework 10 and the connecting truss 20 are connected by steel pipes.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3 In a possible implementation, the connecting truss 20 includes a vertical first direction X and a second direction Y, which are defined for facilitating the description of the positional relationship between components. Specifically, the first direction X refers to the width direction of the connecting truss 20 (refer to the X direction in Figure 2 ), and the second direction Y refers to the length direction of the connecting truss 20 (refer to the Y direction in Figure 2 ).

[0055] Specifically, the jack 30 is fixed to the installation point on the chord beam through the fixing member 40. Among them, the fixing member 40 includes a first fixing plate 41 arranged along the first direction X and a second fixing plate 42 extending along the second direction Y. One end where the first fixing plate 41 and the second fixing plate 42 are adjacent to each other is connected to form a receiving space A. The jack 30 is located in the receiving space A, and the fixed end of the jack 30 is connected to the second fixing plate 42; one end of the first fixing plate 41 away from the second fixing plate 42 is fixed to the chord beam, and the extending end of the jack 30 abuts against the chord beam. That is to say, the fixing member 40 is formed by connecting the first fixing plate 41 and the second fixing plate 42, and then the jack 30 is placed in the receiving space A, and the fixed end of the jack 30 is connected to the second fixing plate 42, so that after the lifting force of the jack 30 is decomposed into an axial load force and a radial shear force, the second fixing plate 42 can resist the lateral slip of the jack 30. In addition, the extending end of the jack 30 is in hard contact with the surface of the chord beam (without an intermediate gasket), thereby eliminating the force attenuation caused by the flexible medium, improving the force application efficiency of the jack 30, and thus improving the arching effect of the truss.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the fixing member 40 further includes a backing plate 43, and the backing plate 43 is fixed to the inner side surface of the second fixing plate 42, and the fixed end of the jack 30 is fixedly connected to the backing plate 43. That is to say, the backing plate 43 serves as a stress diffusion layer between the second fixing plate 42 and the jack 30, and can increase the effective contact area to reduce the concentrated stress.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the fixing member 40 further includes a limiting plate 44 arranged in the receiving space A along the second direction Y. One end of the limiting plate 44 close to the first fixing plate 41 is connected to the first fixing plate 41, and the extending end of the jack 30 can telescopically pass through the limiting plate 44. In this way, it is ensured that the jack 30 applies a load force to the chord beam along a predetermined direction, avoiding lateral offset and affecting the arching accuracy of the connecting truss 20.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the jack 30 is a 10-ton mechanical jack 30.

[0059] It can be understood that the above embodiments only represent the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent for the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several modifications and improvements can also be made, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made to the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cambering method for a truss, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Place connecting trusses on both sides of the jig according to the design drawings, and make the connecting trusses and the jig detachably connected through temporary connectors; Mark a plurality of installation points on the symmetrical chord beams of the connecting trusses, and fix jacks at each of the installation points; wherein, the adjacent jacks on the same chord beam apply load forces to the chord beam in alternating directions; Control the load forces applied by each jack to the chord beam in stages according to a preset load gradient, so that the connecting truss generates upward or downward elastic deformation until the target camber is reached; Measure the camber of the connecting truss, and compare the measured camber with the preset camber; If the comparison result meets the standard, release the constraint of the temporary connector and remove the jacks, and then completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss and the jig, so that the connecting truss and the jig form an integral body.

2. The arching method of the truss according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of measuring the camber of the connecting truss and comparing the measured camber with the preset camber include: After detachably connecting the connecting truss and the jig through a temporary connector, measure the first overall length L1 of the two connecting trusses and the jig; After the elastic deformation of the connecting truss reaches the target camber, measure the second overall length L2 of the two connecting trusses and the jig; Calculate the actual camber S according to the following formula: S = L2 - L1; Compare the actual camber with the target camber. If the comparison error ≤ 3%, release the constraint of the temporary connector and remove the jacks, and then completely weld and fix the connection between the connecting truss and the jig, so that the connecting truss and the jig form an integral body.

3. The arching method of the truss according to claim 2, characterized in that If the comparison error ≥ 3%, invert the installation directions of the jacks with each other, and control the load forces applied by each jack to the chord beam in stages according to the preset load gradient until the connecting truss elastically deforms until the target camber is reached; Measure the camber of the connecting truss, and compare the measured camber with the preset camber.

4. The arching method of the truss according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of marking a plurality of installation points on the symmetrical chord beams of the connecting truss include: Conduct stress analysis on the connecting truss, and then mark installation points on the symmetrical chord beams of the connecting truss according to the stress analysis results.

5. The arching method of the truss according to claim 1, characterized in that Both the jig and the connecting truss are connected by steel pipes.

6. The arching method of the truss according to claim 1, wherein The jacks are fixed at the installation points on the chord beams through fixing parts.

7. The cambering method of the truss according to claim 6, wherein, The connecting truss includes a vertical first direction and a second direction; The fixing part includes a first fixing plate arranged along the first direction and a second fixing plate extending along the second direction. One end of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate that are close to each other are connected to form an accommodating space. The jack is located in the accommodating space, and the fixed end of the jack is connected to the second fixing plate; one end of the first fixing plate away from the second fixing plate is fixed to the chord beam, and the extending end of the jack abuts against the chord beam.

8. The arching method of the truss according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixing part further includes a backing plate, the backing plate is fixed on the inner side surface of the second fixing plate, and the fixed end of the jack is fixedly connected to the backing plate.

9. The arching method of the truss according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fixing member further includes a limiting plate disposed in the accommodating space along the second direction. One end of the limiting plate close to the first fixing plate is connected to the first fixing plate, and the jacking end of the jack telescopically passes through the limiting plate.

10. The arching method of the truss according to claim 1, characterized in that The jack is a 10-ton mechanical jack.

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