Inductance and exhaust coupling heating ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an inductance and exhaust coupling heating ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and a control method.The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system comprises an ammonia decomposition module and an inductance heating module, the ammonia decomposition module comprises an ammonia decomposition shell, a pore channel sealing structure and a plurality of ammonia decomposition pipes, and the ammonia decomposition shell is provided with an exhaust heating cavity; the ammonia cracking pipes are arranged in the exhaust heating cavity, each ammonia cracking pipe is internally provided with an ammonia decomposition heating cavity, the exhaust heating cavity is provided with a plurality of fixing hole channels which are in one-to-one correspondence with the ammonia cracking pipes in the axial direction, and the hole channel sealing structure is used for sealing and opening the fixing hole channels; the inductive heating module comprises a plurality of inductive coils and a driving mechanism in transmission connection with the inductive coils, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the inductive coils to reciprocate in the first direction. The second-level high response requirement is met, vehicle-mounted ammonia decomposition and rapid hydrogen production are achieved, the coils are protected, leakage of high-temperature exhaust is prevented, hydrogen is continuously produced, and the service life of the vehicle is prolonged. And the demand on vehicle-mounted electric power is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy conservation and new energy, and particularly relates to an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and a control method for inductive and exhaust gas coupled heating. Background Art

[0002] When an ammonia internal combustion engine works, in addition to introducing ammonia as the main fuel, a certain amount of hydrogen also needs to be introduced into the pre-chamber. On-vehicle ammonia decomposition hydrogen production can provide hydrogen for the ammonia internal combustion engine. However, ammonia decomposition requires a large amount of heat energy. Currently, existing ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems generally use the heat of the combustion exhaust gas to provide heat energy for ammonia decomposition. However, the inherent slow heat transfer characteristic of flame combustion makes it impossible to meet the requirements of rapid cold start response in on-vehicle or fixed-end application scenarios. There are also some that use inductance to quickly heat up the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, but the electrical power requirement for inductive heating is high, and the on-vehicle power supply cannot provide ultra-high power electrical output for a long time. In addition, in an environment of high-temperature gas, the service life of the inductance coil will be greatly shortened and the heating efficiency will be reduced, making it impossible to maintain operation for a long time. Summary of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and a control method for inductive and exhaust gas coupled heating, so as to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0003] The technical solutions adopted to solve the above technical problems are as follows: The present invention provides an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system for inductive and exhaust gas coupled heating, including: An ammonia decomposition module, including an ammonia decomposition outer shell, a pore closing structure, and a plurality of ammonia cracking tubes. An exhaust gas heating cavity is arranged inside the ammonia decomposition outer shell. The plurality of ammonia cracking tubes are arranged in the exhaust gas heating cavity along a first direction. An ammonia decomposition heating cavity having a partition heat exchange relationship with the exhaust gas heating cavity is arranged inside each ammonia cracking tube. A plurality of fixed pores corresponding to the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes along the axis are arranged at one end of the exhaust gas heating cavity in the first direction. The pore closing structure is used to close and open the plurality of fixed pores; An inductive heating module, including a plurality of inductance coils spirally arranged along the first direction and a driving mechanism drivingly connected to the plurality of inductance coils. The plurality of inductance coils are arranged corresponding to the plurality of fixed pores one by one. The driving mechanism is used to drive the plurality of inductance coils to reciprocate along the first direction between a first position and a second position; Among them, when multiple said inductance coils are in the first position, the inductance coils move to the outside of the ammonia decomposition housing, and the pore closing structure closes multiple said fixed pores; when multiple said inductance coils are in the second position, the pore closing structure opens multiple said fixed pores, the inductance coils extend into the exhaust heating chamber from the fixed pores, and the inductance coils are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube, and the ammonia cracking tube is a metal component and serves as the magnetic core of the inductance coil.

[0004] The beneficial effects of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system of the present invention are: In the cold start stage of the ammonia internal combustion engine, multiple inductance coils are extended into the exhaust heating chamber from multiple fixed pores, and the inductance coils are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube. By forming a high-frequency alternating magnetic field through the inductance coils, the ammonia cracking tube and the internal ammonia cracking catalyst load generate induced eddy currents, and the ammonia cracking catalyst can be quickly heated to the set temperature value within a short time, so as to meet the high-response requirement of seconds, realize rapid hydrogen production by on-vehicle ammonia decomposition. After the inductance coils heat the ammonia cracking tube to the predetermined reaction temperature, the high-temperature exhaust gas can take over the inductance heating module. At this time, the inductance coils are controlled to move to the outside of the ammonia decomposition housing, and multiple fixed pores are controlled to be closed to avoid contact between the inductance coils and the high-temperature exhaust gas, realize the protection of the coils, and also prevent the leakage of the high-temperature exhaust gas. The high-temperature exhaust gas introduced into the ammonia internal combustion engine continues to heat the ammonia cracking tube, so as to continuously produce hydrogen and reduce the demand for on-vehicle electricity.

[0005] In addition, multiple inductance coils form distributed heating, and can take turns to heat each ammonia cracking tube, reducing the demand for on-vehicle instantaneous discharge power As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a high-temperature exhaust pipe extending along the first direction is provided in the exhaust heating chamber. An annular high-temperature exhaust gas passage is formed between the outer periphery of the high-temperature exhaust pipe and the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust heating chamber. The pipe wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with high-temperature exhaust holes communicating with the high-temperature exhaust gas passage. One end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with a high-temperature exhaust gas inlet, and the high-temperature exhaust gas passage is provided with a high-temperature exhaust gas outlet; Multiple said ammonia cracking tubes are arranged in a ring centered on the high-temperature exhaust pipe in the high-temperature exhaust gas passage.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, an ammonia gas baffle plate extending axially is provided in the ammonia decomposition heating chamber. The ammonia gas baffle plate divides the ammonia decomposition heating chamber into an ammonia gas decomposition passage close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe and an ammonia gas preheating passage away from the high-temperature exhaust pipe. The ammonia gas preheating passage and the ammonia gas decomposition passage are connected in a U shape. One end of the ammonia cracking tube is blocked, and the other end of the ammonia cracking tube is provided with a gas outlet communicating with the ammonia gas decomposition passage and a gas inlet communicating with the ammonia gas preheating passage.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a gas inlet / outlet cavity is provided at one end of the ammonia decomposition housing away from the fixed duct. The gas inlet / outlet cavity is provided with an annular gas partition plate, and the end of the gas partition plate is butted against the end of the ammonia baffle plate. The gas partition plate divides the gas inlet / outlet cavity into a liquid ammonia vaporization cavity communicated with the gas inlet and a mixed gas collection cavity communicated with the gas outlet. The liquid ammonia vaporization cavity is provided with an inlet for ammonia to be decomposed, and the mixed gas collection cavity is provided with an outlet for the mixed gas. The mixed gas collection cavity and the liquid ammonia vaporization cavity have a relationship of heat exchange through a partition wall.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the high-temperature exhaust inlet is provided at one end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe away from the fixed duct, and the high-temperature exhaust inlet is connected to a high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe passing through the mixed gas collection cavity. One end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe close to the fixed duct is connected to the inner side wall of the exhaust heating cavity. A plurality of high-temperature exhaust holes are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe, and the diameters of the plurality of high-temperature exhaust holes are gradually increased in the direction from the high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe to the fixed duct.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the liquid ammonia vaporization cavity is provided with a plurality of ammonia baffles to be decomposed. The plurality of ammonia baffles to be decomposed are respectively arranged at a part of the gas inlet close to the inlet for ammonia to be decomposed. One end of the ammonia baffle to be decomposed is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the gas partition plate, and the other end of the ammonia baffle to be decomposed is curved in an arc shape toward one side of the flowing direction of the gas inside the liquid ammonia vaporization cavity. The gas inlet is located between the ammonia baffle to be decomposed and the gas partition plate. The bending lengths of the plurality of ammonia baffles to be decomposed are gradually decreased in the direction away from the inlet for ammonia to be decomposed.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a plurality of outer ring baffles are provided on the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust heating cavity, and a plurality of inner ring baffles are provided on the outer wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe. The outer ring baffles and the inner ring baffles are arranged at staggered intervals along the first direction to form a serpentine high-temperature exhaust passage.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the duct closing structure includes a rotating bottom plate rotatably installed on the outer end of the ammonia decomposition housing. The rotating bottom plate is provided with a plurality of rotating ducts and a plurality of shielding portions. The rotating bottom plate has a first rotating position and a second rotating position. Among them, when the rotating bottom plate is in the first rotating position, the plurality of rotating ducts correspond to the plurality of fixed ducts one by one to open the plurality of fixed ducts; when the rotating bottom plate is in the second rotating position, the plurality of shielding portions correspond to the plurality of fixed ducts one by one to close the plurality of fixed ducts.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the driving mechanism includes a gear guide rail extending along the first direction, a coil base plate slidably mounted on the gear guide rail, a motor mounted on the coil base plate, a driving gear connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a rack provided on the gear guide rail. The driving gear meshes with the rack, and a plurality of the inductive coils are mounted on the coil base plate.

[0013] The present invention also provides a control method applicable to the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, and the control method includes: In the cold start stage, control to open a plurality of the fixed channels, control to move a plurality of the inductive coils into the exhaust heating cavity, so that the inductive coils are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tubes, and perform staged inductive heating on a plurality of the ammonia cracking tubes; When a plurality of the ammonia cracking tubes are heated to a predetermined reaction temperature, control to introduce ammonia into the ammonia decomposition heating cavity in a plurality of the ammonia cracking tubes, and decompose to generate hydrogen under the action of an ammonia cracking catalyst, and transport it to the ammonia internal combustion engine for starting; Control to move the inductive coils to the outside of the ammonia decomposition housing, and control to close a plurality of the fixed channels; Control to introduce the high-temperature exhaust gas of the ammonia internal combustion engine into the exhaust heating cavity, heat a plurality of the ammonia cracking tubes, and provide the required heat energy for ammonia decomposition.

[0014] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and part of them will become obvious from the description, or be understood by implementing the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0015] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention when the inductive coils are located outside the ammonia decomposition housing; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention when the inductive coils are located inside the ammonia decomposition housing; Figure 3 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the ammonia decomposition module provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the transverse section of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention when the inductive coils are located inside the ammonia decomposition housing; Figure 5 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the mixed gas collection cavity and the liquid ammonia vaporization cavity provided by the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 6 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the mixed gas collection cavity and the liquid ammonia vaporization cavity provided by the present inventionFigure 2 ; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram when the rotating bottom plate closes the fixing hole channel provided by the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram when the rotating bottom plate opens the fixing hole channel provided by the present invention; Figure 9 It is a step flow chart of the control method provided by the present invention; Reference numerals in the drawings: Ammonia decomposition module 100; ammonia decomposition housing 110; hole channel closing structure 120; rotating bottom plate 121; rotating hole channel 1211; shielding portion 1212; ammonia cracking tube 130; ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131; gas outlet 132; gas inlet 133; ammonia gas baffle 134; ammonia gas decomposition channel 135; ammonia gas preheating channel 136; exhaust heating chamber 140; high-temperature exhaust inlet 141; high-temperature exhaust outlet 142; fixing hole channel 143; high-temperature exhaust pipe 144; high-temperature exhaust hole 1441; high-temperature exhaust channel 145; outer ring baffle 146; inner ring baffle 147; gas inlet and outlet chamber 150; gas partition plate 151; liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152; mixed gas collection chamber 153; ammonia gas to be decomposed inlet 154; mixed gas outlet 155; ammonia gas to be decomposed spoiler 156; high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe 160; Inductive heating module 200; inductive coil 210; driving mechanism 220; gear guide 221; coil bottom plate 222; motor 223; driving gear 224; rack 225. Specific embodiments

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship involved, such as up, down, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means more than two. If there is a description of the first and the second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the following described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0021] The traditional heat transfer heating method of thermal working fluid has the problem of long heat-up time and is not suitable for the requirements of rapid cold start response of vehicles. Electric heating, especially inductive heating, can quickly heat up the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, but it requires a high instantaneous electric power. The vehicle power supply cannot provide ultra-high power electric output. Moreover, in the environment of high-temperature gas, the inductance coil 210 will greatly shorten the service life of the inductance coil 210 and reduce the heating efficiency, and it cannot maintain operation for a long time. Therefore, the present invention proposes an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system with inductive and exhaust gas coupled heating to protect the coil, prevent the leakage of high-temperature exhaust gas, realize rapid hydrogen production by on-vehicle ammonia decomposition, and reduce the demand for on-vehicle electricity.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system of the present invention includes: an ammonia decomposition module 100 and an inductive heating module 200.

[0023] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the ammonia decomposition module 100 of this embodiment includes an ammonia decomposition outer shell 110, a pore closing structure 120, and a plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130. The ammonia decomposition outer shell 110 has a cylindrical structure. An exhaust gas heating cavity 140 is provided inside the ammonia decomposition outer shell 110. The exhaust gas heating cavity 140 is provided with a high-temperature exhaust gas inlet 141 and a high-temperature exhaust gas outlet 142. During use, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the ammonia internal combustion engine enters from the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet 141, and after heat exchange, it is discharged from the high-temperature exhaust gas outlet 142.

[0024] A plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130 are arranged in the exhaust gas heating cavity 140 along the first direction. In this embodiment, the first direction is defined as the left-right direction. In some other embodiments, the first direction can be the front-back direction or the up-down direction, etc.

[0025] And an ammonia decomposition heating cavity 131 with a partition heat exchange relationship with the exhaust gas heating cavity 140 is provided inside each ammonia cracking tube 130. Among them, an ammonia cracking catalyst is provided in the ammonia decomposition heating cavity 131 of this embodiment. The ammonia decomposition heating cavity 131 is provided with a gas outlet 132 and a gas inlet 133. Ammonia gas is introduced into the ammonia decomposition heating cavity 131 through the gas inlet 133, and the mixed gas after the decomposition reaction flows out through the gas outlet 132.

[0026] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, at one end of the exhaust heating chamber 140 of this embodiment in the first direction, a plurality of fixed channels 143 are distributed. The plurality of fixed channels 143 are arranged axially corresponding to the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130 one by one, and the channel closing structure 120 is used to close and open the plurality of fixed channels 143.

[0027] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the inductive heating module 200 includes a plurality of inductive coils 210 arranged in a spiral shape along the first direction and a driving mechanism 220 drivingly connected to the plurality of inductive coils 210. The plurality of inductive coils 210 are arranged corresponding to the plurality of fixed channels 143 one by one, and the driving mechanism 220 is used to drive the plurality of inductive coils 210 to reciprocate between a first position and a second position along the first direction; Among them, as Figure 1 shown, when the plurality of inductive coils 210 are in the first position, the inductive coils 210 move to the outside of the ammonia decomposition housing 110, and the channel closing structure 120 closes the plurality of fixed channels 143; as Figure 2 shown, when the plurality of inductive coils 210 are in the second position, the channel closing structure 120 opens the plurality of fixed channels 143, the inductive coils 210 extend into the exhaust heating chamber 140 from the fixed channels 143, and the inductive coils 210 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube 130. The ammonia cracking tube 130 is a metal component and serves as the magnetic core of the inductive coils 210.

[0028] During the cold start stage of the ammonia internal combustion engine, the plurality of inductive coils 210 are extended into the exhaust heating chamber 140 from the plurality of fixed channels 143, and the inductive coils 210 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube 130. A high-frequency alternating magnetic field is formed through the inductive coils 210, so that the ammonia cracking tube 130 and the ammonia cracking catalyst load inside generate induced eddy currents, and the ammonia cracking catalyst can be quickly heated to the set temperature value within a short time, thus meeting the high-response requirement of seconds, realizing rapid hydrogen production by on-vehicle ammonia decomposition. After the inductive coils 210 heat the ammonia cracking tube 130 to the predetermined reaction temperature, the high-temperature exhaust gas can take over the inductive heating module 200. At this time, control is carried out to move the inductive coils 210 to the outside of the ammonia decomposition housing 110, and control is carried out to close the plurality of fixed channels 143 to avoid contact between the inductive coils 210 and the high-temperature exhaust gas, realizing the protection of the coils and also preventing the leakage of the high-temperature exhaust gas. The high-temperature exhaust gas introduced into the ammonia internal combustion engine continues to heat the ammonia cracking tube 130, thereby continuously producing hydrogen and reducing the demand for on-vehicle electricity.

[0029] In addition, the plurality of inductive coils 210 form distributed heating, and can heat each ammonia cracking tube 130 in turn, reducing the demand for on-vehicle instantaneous discharge power.

[0030] Furthermore, asFigure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in Figure 3 , the exhaust gas heating chamber 140 of this embodiment is provided with a high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 extending in the first direction. An annular high-temperature exhaust gas passage 145 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 and the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust gas heating chamber 140. The pipe wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 is provided with high-temperature exhaust holes 1441 communicating with the high-temperature exhaust gas passage 145. The high-temperature exhaust gas inlet 141 is located at one end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, and the high-temperature exhaust gas outlet 142 communicates with the high-temperature exhaust gas passage 145. The high-temperature exhaust gas sequentially flows through the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet 141, the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, the high-temperature exhaust gas passage 145, and the high-temperature exhaust gas outlet 142.

[0031] A plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130 of this embodiment are arranged in a ring with the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 as the center in the high-temperature exhaust gas passage 145 to improve the uniformity of heat exchange of the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130.

[0032] To improve the heat exchange efficiency, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust gas heating chamber 140 of this embodiment is provided with a plurality of outer ring baffle plates 146, and the outer wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 is provided with a plurality of inner ring baffle plates 147. The outer ring baffle plates 146 and the inner ring baffle plates 147 are arranged at staggered intervals along the first direction to form a serpentine high-temperature exhaust gas passage 145, extending the flow path of the high-temperature exhaust gas in the high-temperature exhaust gas passage 145 to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the high-temperature exhaust gas to the ammonia cracking tubes 130.

[0033] Furthermore, as Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the present embodiment, the ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 is provided with an ammonia gas baffle plate 134 extending along the axial direction. The ammonia gas baffle plate 134 divides the ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 into an ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 and an ammonia gas preheating channel 136 away from the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144. The ammonia gas preheating channel 136 and the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 extend along the left-right direction respectively, and the ammonia gas preheating channel 136 and the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 are connected in a U shape. One end of the ammonia cracking tube 130 in the present embodiment is blocked. Specifically, the end of the ammonia cracking tube 130 facing the fixed hole 143 is blocked, and the other end of the ammonia cracking tube 130 is provided with a gas outlet 132 communicating with the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 and a gas inlet 133 communicating with the ammonia gas preheating channel 136. Ammonia gas enters the ammonia gas preheating channel 136 from the gas inlet 133, and the high-temperature exhaust preheats the ammonia gas in the ammonia gas preheating channel 136. Then the ammonia gas flows into the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 for catalytic decomposition. The ammonia cracking catalyst is arranged in the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135. Since the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 is close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 and the ammonia gas preheating channel 136 is far from the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, the ammonia gas to be decomposed can be preheated to a predetermined temperature with less high-temperature exhaust heat energy; and the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 is close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, thus providing sufficient heat energy for ammonia decomposition.

[0034] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the gas outlet 132 and the gas inlet 133 in the present embodiment are arranged at the left end of the ammonia cracking tube 130, and the right end of the ammonia cracking tube 130 is blocked and suspended. The left end of the ammonia cracking tube 130 is fixedly connected to the left end plate of the ammonia decomposition housing 110, and the fixed hole 143 is arranged on the right end plate of the ammonia decomposition housing 110.

[0035] As Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, one end of the ammonia decomposition housing 110 away from the fixed hole 143 is provided with a gas inlet / outlet chamber 150. The gas inlet / outlet chamber 150 is arranged at the left end of the ammonia decomposition housing 110. The gas inlet / outlet chamber 150 is provided with an annular gas partition plate 151. The gas partition plate 151 is butted against the left ends of a plurality of ammonia gas baffle plates 134. The gas partition plate 151 divides the gas inlet / outlet chamber 150 into a liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 communicating with the gas inlet 133 and a mixed gas collection chamber 153 communicating with the gas outlet 132. The mixed gas collection chamber 153 and the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 are arranged in an inner and outer nested manner with the center of the gas inlet / outlet chamber 150, and the mixed gas collection chamber 153 and the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 have a heat exchange relationship through a partition wall.

[0036] The liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 is provided with an ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed, and the mixed gas collection chamber 153 is provided with a mixed gas outlet 155. Liquid ammonia enters the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 from the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed, vaporizes into ammonia gas in the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152, and the ammonia gas enters the ammonia cracking tube 130 through the gas inlet 133. The mixed gas generated by decomposition enters the mixed gas collection chamber 153 from the gas outlet 132, and then flows out from the mixed gas outlet 155.

[0037] The mixed gas collection chamber 153 of this embodiment can exchange heat with the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152. On the one hand, it reduces the temperature of the mixed gas outlet 155, which is beneficial to protecting the hydrogen rail and injection components of the ammonia internal combustion engine; on the other hand, the liquid ammonia entering the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 from the on-vehicle liquid ammonia tank can be directly heated and vaporized by using the heat of the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas, significantly improving the system integration level and thermal energy utilization rate.

[0038] Furthermore, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 of this embodiment is provided with a plurality of ammonia gas spoiler plates 156 to be decomposed. The plurality of ammonia gas spoiler plates 156 to be decomposed are respectively arranged at some gas inlets 133 close to the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed. One end of the ammonia gas spoiler plate 156 to be decomposed is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the gas separation plate 151, and the other end of the ammonia gas spoiler plate 156 to be decomposed is bent in an arc shape toward the side of the flowing direction of the gas inside the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152. The gas inlet 133 is located between the ammonia gas spoiler plate 156 to be decomposed and the gas separation plate 151. The bending lengths of the plurality of ammonia gas spoiler plates 156 to be decomposed are gradually decreased in the direction away from the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed. It can be understood that the ammonia gas spoiler plate 156 to be decomposed closer to the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed is longer, and the ammonia gas spoiler plate 156 to be decomposed farther away from the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed is shorter. The ammonia gas spoiler plate 156 to be decomposed can make the ammonia gas amounts entering each gas inlet 133 basically the same.

[0039] The high-temperature exhaust gas inlet 141 of this embodiment is provided at the left end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, and the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet 141 is connected to a high-temperature exhaust gas inlet pipe 160 that passes through the mixed gas collection chamber 153. The right end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 is connected to the inner side wall of the exhaust gas heating chamber 140. A plurality of high-temperature exhaust holes 1441 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144. Since the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gas near the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet pipe 160 is high, only a small amount of high-temperature exhaust gas is required to heat the ammonia cracking tube 130. However, the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gas far from the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet pipe 160 is low, and a larger amount of high-temperature exhaust gas is required to heat the ammonia cracking tube 130. Moreover, when the high-temperature exhaust gas flows in the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, certain heat loss will also occur, and this heat loss heats the ammonia cracking tube 130 through thermal radiation. Therefore, the apertures of the plurality of high-temperature exhaust holes 1441 in this embodiment are gradually increased in the direction from the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet pipe 160 to the fixed hole 143. It can be understood that the apertures of the plurality of high-temperature exhaust holes 1441 are gradually increased from left to right. When the high-temperature exhaust gas flows from left to right in the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, the aperture of the high-temperature exhaust hole 1441 near the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet pipe 160 is small, and the amount of high-temperature exhaust gas flowing into the high-temperature exhaust gas channel 145 is small. However, the larger the aperture of the high-temperature exhaust hole 1441 is from the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet pipe 160, the more high-temperature exhaust gas flows into the high-temperature exhaust gas channel 145, improving the uniformity of heating the ammonia cracking tube 130.

[0040] The hole closing structure 120 of this embodiment includes a rotating bottom plate 121 rotatably installed on the right end plate of the ammonia decomposition housing 110. The rotating bottom plate 121 is provided with a plurality of rotating holes 1211 and a plurality of shielding portions 1212. The rotating bottom plate 121 has a first rotation position and a second rotation position. Among them, as Figure 8 shown, when the rotating bottom plate 121 is in the first rotation position, the plurality of rotating holes 1211 correspond to the plurality of fixed holes 143 one by one to open the plurality of fixed holes 143; as Figure 7 shown, when the rotating bottom plate 121 is in the second rotation position, the plurality of shielding portions 1212 correspond to the plurality of fixed holes 143 one by one to close the plurality of fixed holes 143.

[0041] The rotating bottom plate 121 of this embodiment can control the rotation angle to conveniently and quickly open and close the fixed hole 143, facilitating the entry and exit of the inductive heating module 200 and preventing the leakage of high-temperature exhaust gas.

[0042] Among them, the rotating bottom plate 121 can be automatically controlled through a power unit.

[0043] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the driving mechanism 220 includes a gear guide rail 221 extending in the first direction, a coil base plate 222 slidably mounted on the gear guide rail 221, a motor 223 mounted on the coil base plate 222, a driving gear 224 connected to the output shaft of the motor 223, and a rack 225 provided on the gear guide rail 221. The driving gear 224 meshes with the rack 225. A plurality of inductance coils 210 are mounted on the coil base plate 222. The motor 223 drives the driving gear 224 to rotate, and through meshing with the rack 225, the inductance coils 210 can be quickly and accurately moved in and out of the ammonia decomposition module 100.

[0044] In some embodiments, the inductance coil 210 is a hollow metal tube, and cooling water flows through the inductance coil 210 to achieve thermal protection of the coil.

[0045] This embodiment also proposes a control method applicable to the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system as Figure 9 shown. The control method includes: Step S100: In the cold start stage, control to open a plurality of fixed channels 143, control to move a plurality of inductance coils 210 into the exhaust heating chamber 140, so that the inductance coils 210 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tubes 130, and perform staged inductance heating on the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130; Step S200: When the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130 are heated to a predetermined reaction temperature, control to introduce ammonia into the ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 in the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130, and decompose to produce hydrogen under the action of an ammonia cracking catalyst, and transport it to start an ammonia internal combustion engine; Step S300: Control to move the inductance coils 210 to the outside of the ammonia decomposition housing 110, and control to close the plurality of fixed channels 143; Step S400: Control to introduce the high-temperature exhaust gas of the ammonia internal combustion engine into the exhaust heating chamber 140 to heat the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes 130 and provide the heat energy required for ammonia decomposition.

[0046] In step S100, control the rotating base plate 121 to rotate so that the rotating channel 1211 is aligned with the fixed channel 143 to open the plurality of fixed channels 143. The motor 223 drives the driving gear 224 to rotate. Through meshing transmission with the rack 225, the coil base plate 222 is pushed to move leftward, so that the inductance coils 210 pass through the fixed channels 143 and are sent into the high-temperature exhaust gas channel 145, and are sleeved on the outer periphery of each ammonia cracking tube 130. At this time, cooling water flows in the hollow metal tube of the inductance coil 210, and at the same time, the vehicle-mounted power supply drives each inductance coil 210 in sequence or in batches to heat the ammonia cracking tubes 130 one by one or batch by batch to the temperature required for ammonia decomposition.

[0047] In step S200, liquid ammonia is introduced into the ammonia decomposition module 100 through the ammonia inlet 154 to be decomposed. Since the temperature of each pipeline is at room temperature when the cold engine is started, part of the liquid ammonia introduced during the cold start can be directly vaporized and enter the ammonia cracking tube 130 for further heating and decomposition to generate a high-temperature hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas, which enters the mixed gas collection chamber 153 and conducts heat transfer with the liquid ammonia that subsequently continues to enter the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152, so that the continuously entering liquid ammonia is vaporized. At the same time, the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas is cooled and enters the hydrogen rail to be injected into the cylinder of the ammonia internal combustion engine to perform work. After the liquid ammonia is vaporized, the ammonia baffle 156 to be decomposed evenly distributes the ammonia into each ammonia cracking tube 130 .

[0048] In step S300, after the system has generated a stable flow of hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas, the ammonia internal combustion engine has generated combustion exhaust. At this time, first, the inductor 210 is powered off, and the motor 223 drives the driving gear 224 to rotate in the opposite direction, and through the meshing transmission with the rack 225, the coil bottom plate 222 is pushed outward to send the inductor 210 out of the ammonia decomposition module 100, and the rotating bottom plate 121 is rotated to make the rotating channel 1211 staggered with the fixed channel 143, thereby closing the fixed channel 143; The exhaust gas of the ammonia internal combustion engine is sent to the ammonia decomposition module 100 through the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, and continues to provide heat for the ammonia cracking tube 130 to produce hydrogen for a long time.

[0049] In some embodiments, the exhaust gas of the ammonia internal combustion engine is heated by an external heating device, including but not limited to a pure ammonia burner, and then passes into the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 .

[0050] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system with inductive and exhaust gas coupling heating, characterized in that, Comprising: An ammonia decomposition module, including an ammonia decomposition outer shell, a pore closing structure, and a plurality of ammonia cracking tubes. An exhaust heating chamber is provided inside the ammonia decomposition outer shell. The plurality of ammonia cracking tubes are arranged in the exhaust heating chamber along a first direction. An ammonia decomposition heating chamber having a partition heat exchange relationship with the exhaust heating chamber is provided inside each ammonia cracking tube. A plurality of fixing pores corresponding to the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes along the axis are provided at one end of the exhaust heating chamber in the first direction. The pore closing structure is used to close and open the plurality of fixing pores; An inductive heating module, including a plurality of inductive coils spirally arranged along the first direction and a driving mechanism drivingly connected to the plurality of inductive coils. The plurality of inductive coils are arranged corresponding to the plurality of fixing pores one by one. The driving mechanism is used to drive the plurality of inductive coils to reciprocate between a first position and a second position along the first direction; Wherein, when the plurality of inductive coils are in the first position, the inductive coils move to the outside of the ammonia decomposition outer shell, and the pore closing structure closes the plurality of fixing pores; when the plurality of inductive coils are in the second position, the pore closing structure opens the plurality of fixing pores, the inductive coils extend into the exhaust heating chamber from the fixing pores, and the inductive coils are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tubes. The ammonia cracking tubes are metal components and serve as the magnetic cores of the inductive coils.

2. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-temperature exhaust pipe extending along the first direction is provided in the exhaust heating chamber. An annular high-temperature exhaust passage is formed between the outer periphery of the high-temperature exhaust pipe and the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust heating chamber. High-temperature exhaust holes communicating with the high-temperature exhaust passage are provided on the pipe wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe. A high-temperature exhaust inlet is provided at one end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe, and a high-temperature exhaust outlet is provided in the high-temperature exhaust passage; The plurality of ammonia cracking tubes are arranged in a ring centered on the high-temperature exhaust pipe in the high-temperature exhaust passage.

3. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: An ammonia gas baffle plate extending along the axis is provided in the ammonia decomposition heating chamber. The ammonia gas baffle plate divides the ammonia decomposition heating chamber into an ammonia gas decomposition passage close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe and an ammonia gas preheating passage away from the high-temperature exhaust pipe. The ammonia gas preheating passage and the ammonia gas decomposition passage are U-shaped connected. One end of the ammonia cracking tube is plugged, and a gas outlet communicating with the ammonia gas decomposition passage and a gas inlet communicating with the ammonia gas preheating passage are provided at the other end of the ammonia cracking tube.

4. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the ammonia decomposition housing away from the fixed duct is provided with a gas inlet / outlet chamber. The gas inlet / outlet chamber is provided with an annular gas partition plate. The gas partition plate is butted against the end of the ammonia baffle plate. The gas partition plate divides the gas inlet / outlet chamber into a liquid ammonia vaporization chamber communicating with the gas inlet and a mixed gas collection chamber communicating with the gas outlet. The liquid ammonia vaporization chamber is provided with an ammonia gas to be decomposed inlet, and the mixed gas collection chamber is provided with a mixed gas outlet. The mixed gas collection chamber and the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber have a relationship of indirect wall heat exchange.

5. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 4, wherein: The high-temperature exhaust gas inlet is arranged at one end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe away from the fixed duct, and the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet is connected with a high-temperature exhaust gas inlet pipe passing through the mixed gas collection chamber. One end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe close to the fixed duct is connected to the inner side wall of the exhaust gas heating chamber. A plurality of high-temperature exhaust gas holes are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe. The aperture diameters of the plurality of high-temperature exhaust gas holes are gradually increased from the high-temperature exhaust gas inlet pipe to the direction of the fixed duct.

6. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 4, wherein: The liquid ammonia vaporization chamber is provided with a plurality of ammonia gas to be decomposed baffle plates. The plurality of ammonia gas to be decomposed baffle plates are respectively arranged at a part of the gas inlet close to the ammonia gas to be decomposed inlet. One end of the ammonia gas to be decomposed baffle plate is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the gas partition plate. The other end of the ammonia gas to be decomposed baffle plate is curved in an arc shape towards one side of the flowing direction of the gas inside the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber. The gas inlet is located between the ammonia gas to be decomposed baffle plate and the gas partition plate. The bending lengths of the plurality of ammonia gas to be decomposed baffle plates are gradually decreased in the direction away from the ammonia gas to be decomposed inlet.

7. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 2, wherein: The inner peripheral wall of the exhaust gas heating chamber is provided with a plurality of outer ring baffle plates, and the outer wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of inner ring baffle plates. The outer ring baffle plates and the inner ring baffle plates are arranged at staggered intervals along the first direction to form the serpentine high-temperature exhaust gas channel.

8. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein: The duct closing structure includes a rotating bottom plate rotatably installed on the outer end of the ammonia decomposition housing. The rotating bottom plate is provided with a plurality of rotating ducts and a plurality of shielding parts. The rotating bottom plate has a first rotating position and a second rotating position. Among them, when the rotating bottom plate is in the first rotating position, the plurality of rotating ducts correspond to the plurality of fixed ducts one by one to open the plurality of fixed ducts; when the rotating bottom plate is in the second rotating position, the plurality of shielding parts correspond to the plurality of fixed ducts one by one to close the plurality of fixed ducts.

9. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein: The driving mechanism includes a gear guide rail extending along the first direction, a coil base plate slidably mounted on the gear guide rail, a motor mounted on the coil base plate, a driving gear connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a rack provided on the gear guide rail. The driving gear meshes with the rack, and a plurality of the inductor coils are mounted on the coil base plate.

10. A control method, characterized in that: Applicable to the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the control method includes: In the cold start stage, control to open a plurality of the fixed channels, control to move a plurality of the inductor coils into the exhaust heating cavity, so that the inductor coils are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tubes, and perform staged inductive heating on the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes; When the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes are heated to a predetermined reaction temperature, control to introduce ammonia into the ammonia decomposition heating cavities in the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes, and decompose to generate hydrogen under the action of an ammonia cracking catalyst, and transport it to the ammonia internal combustion engine for starting; Control to move the inductor coils to the outside of the ammonia decomposition housing, and control to close a plurality of the fixed channels; Control to introduce the high-temperature exhaust gas of the ammonia internal combustion engine into the exhaust heating cavity to heat the plurality of ammonia cracking tubes and provide the heat energy required for ammonia decomposition.

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