A frequent starting system and implementation method for a gas generator without a starter motor

Abstract

This application discloses a frequent starting system and implementation method for a gas generator without a starter motor, belonging to the field of generator control technology. It includes a charging and discharging circuit, a charging control circuit, and a discharging control circuit. The charging and discharging circuit includes a battery, which is connected to an inverter and several supercapacitors through the normally open contacts of a relay. Each supercapacitor is connected to the coil of a solid-state relay. The battery is also connected to a rectifier and voltage regulator. The inverter and the rectifier and voltage regulator are connected to the coil of the gas generator. The coil of the gas generator is also connected to the coil of relay #8, KMC-0. The starting method of directly driving the generator coil is adopted, which does not require an external starter motor, thus solving the problems of slippage, inability to disengage, and wear of conventional starter motors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a frequent starting system and implementation method for a gas generator without a starter motor, belonging to the field of generator control technology. Background Technology

[0002] A gas generator is a type of internal combustion engine. The process of an internal combustion engine going from a standstill to operation is called starting. Starting an internal combustion engine requires the necessary starting energy to rotate the crankshaft, which in turn moves the piston, thus transitioning from a standstill to a running state. Early internal combustion engines used manual methods, such as hand cranks or foot pedals, which were time-consuming and laborious. With technological advancements, electric starting has gradually replaced manual starting methods.

[0003] An electric starting system includes components such as a starter motor, battery, and starter switch. When the starter switch is activated, the battery provides power to the starter motor, which in turn drives the crankshaft to rotate. The main key components of an internal combustion engine electric starting system include: power supply, electromagnetic mechanism, gear transmission, and overrunning clutch.

[0004] Power Supply: The power supply for an electric starting system is typically provided by a battery. The battery provides electrical energy to drive the starter motor.

[0005] Electromagnetic Mechanism: When power is applied, the coil in the electromagnetic mechanism generates electromagnetic force, causing the iron core in the electromagnet to attract the gear on the starter motor. This process causes the drive gear of the starter motor to mesh with the ring gear of the engine flywheel, thereby driving the crankshaft to rotate;

[0006] Gear transmission: The gears on the starter motor mesh with the gear ring of the engine flywheel through the force of an electromagnet, and drive the crankshaft to rotate through the transmission mechanism. This process converts the electrical energy of the battery into mechanical energy, thus starting the engine;

[0007] Overrunning clutch: Before the engine starts, the starter gear engages with the engine through the overrunning clutch. After the engine starts, the overrunning clutch disengages the starter motor to prevent it from continuing to rotate and consume electrical energy, and also to prevent the engine's high speed from damaging the starter motor.

[0008] Gas generators are relatively large in power and size, and have significant starting inertia, requiring a high-power electric starting system to meet operational requirements. Because power generation and motoring are reversible processes, integrated generators have been implemented in low-power, low-voltage equipment, eliminating the need for an external electric starting mechanism. This allows for on-board electric starting followed by on-board power generation. However, its application is limited to low-power, low-voltage power generation equipment and cannot be used in high-power gas generators for the following reasons:

[0009] The starting power supply is usually a DC 12V lead-acid battery, while the voltage of the gas generator is AC 220V or 380V. The low-voltage AC voltage after the DC 12V is converted by the inverter circuit is insufficient to start the stator coil of the gas generator which is several hundred volts. If the low-voltage AC voltage is increased by a transformer, the large internal resistance of the transformer coil will not be able to provide the large current required for the gas generator to start.

[0010] Theoretically, the above problems can be solved by connecting a dozen or more lead-acid batteries in series. However, on the one hand, the cost of the batteries increases, and their size and weight may be larger than the generator itself, which cannot meet the mobility requirements of the generator. On the other hand, during the charging and discharging process of the series-connected batteries, if one of the batteries fails, it will lead to a decrease in the overall battery performance, resulting in a decrease in the reliability of electric starting.

[0011] Existing gas generator starting technology uses an external starter motor. When the start button is closed, the lead-acid battery acts as the starting power source to drive the starter motor to rotate. At the same time, the electromagnetic mechanism engages the gear of the starter motor with the gear ring of the engine flywheel, driving the crankshaft to rotate. After the gas generator starts, releasing the start button stops the starter motor from rotating. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic mechanism releases, and the starter motor gear disengages from the gear ring of the engine flywheel.

[0012] The external starter motor type starting mechanism is an independent system with a complex mechanical structure, and problems often occur during use:

[0013] The starting current is very large, generally ranging from several hundred to thousands of amperes depending on the power. The starting motor is a brushed motor, and under high current conditions, the brushes and commutator are prone to burnout and damage.

[0014] Over time, the core of the electromagnetic motor heats up, causing the magnetic resistance to increase and the electromagnetic attraction force to decrease. This leads to poor meshing between the starter motor gear and the flywheel gear, resulting in gear wear and slippage.

[0015] Overrunning clutches are prone to slippage and incomplete disengagement. When slippage occurs, the starter motor spins idly and cannot transmit power to the engine. When incomplete disengagement occurs, the starter motor will be damaged and burned out by the high-speed rotating engine. Summary of the Invention

[0016] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a gas generator frequent starting system and implementation method without a starter motor, which addresses the above-mentioned shortcomings. It adopts a starting method that directly drives the generator coil, eliminating the need for an external starter motor. Therefore, it solves the problems of slippage, inability to disengage, and wear of conventional starter motors. It uses multiple sets of supercapacitors and a 12V lead-acid battery, employing a parallel charging method and a series starting method to increase the voltage and amplify the power. At the same time, to avoid overcurrent of the lead-acid battery, the voltage of the currently parallel supercapacitors is monitored, and the supercapacitors are connected in parallel one by one after being fully charged.

[0017] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0018] A frequent starting system for a gas generator without a starter motor includes a charging and discharging circuit, a charging control circuit, and a discharging control circuit. The charging and discharging circuit includes a battery, which is connected to an inverter and several supercapacitors via normally open contacts of a relay. Each supercapacitor is connected to the coil of a solid-state relay. The battery is also connected to a rectifier and voltage regulator. The inverter and the rectifier and voltage regulator are connected to the coil of the gas generator. The coil of the gas generator is also connected to the coil of an 8# relay, KMC-0. The charging and discharging circuit is used for charging the supercapacitors from the battery or discharging the supercapacitors. The charging control circuit is used to control the charging of the supercapacitors from the battery in the charging and discharging circuit. The discharging control circuit is used to control the starting of the gas generator by discharging the supercapacitors.

[0019] Furthermore, the positive terminal of the battery is connected to one end of the normally open contact KM1-1 of relay #1, one end of the normally open contact KM2-1 of relay #2, one end of the normally open contact KM3-1 of relay #3, one end of the normally open contact KM4-1 of relay #4, and one end of the normally open contact KM5-1 of relay #5. The other end of the normally open contact KM1-1 of relay #1 is connected to one end of the normally open contact KM0-1 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C1, and one end of the coil SSR1-0 of solid-state relay #1. The other end of the normally open contact KM0-1 of relay #0 is connected to one end of the inverter. The other end of the coil SSR1-0 of solid-state relay #1 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C1, and the other end of the coil SSR1-0 of solid-state relay #1 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C1. One end of the normally open contact KM0-2 of relay #1 is connected to one end of the normally open contact KM1-2 of relay #1. The other end of the normally open contact KM1-2 of relay #1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The other end of the normally open contact KM2-1 of relay #2 is connected to the other end of the normally open contact KM0-2 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C2, and one end of the coil SSR2-0 of solid-state relay #2. The other end of the coil SSR2-0 of solid-state relay #2 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C2, one end of the normally open contact KM0-3 of relay #0, and one end of the normally open contact KM2-2 of relay #2. The other end of the normally open contact KM2-2 of relay #2 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The normally open contact K of relay #3... M3-1's other end is connected to the other end of the normally open contact KM0-3 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C3, and one end of the coil SSR3-0 of solid-state relay #3. The other end of the coil SSR3-0 of solid-state relay #3 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C3, one end of the normally open contact KM0-4 of relay #0, and one end of the normally open contact KM3-2 of relay #3. The other end of the normally open contact KM3-2 of relay #3 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. Similarly, the other end of the normally open contact KM4-1 of relay #4 is connected to the other end of the normally open contact KM0-4 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C4, and one end of the coil SSR4-0 of solid-state relay #4. The coil SSR4-0 of solid-state relay #4... The other end of R4-0 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C4, one end of normally open contact KM0-5 of relay #0, and one end of normally open contact KM4-2 of relay #4. The other end of normally open contact KM4-2 of relay #4 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The other end of normally open contact KM5-1 of relay #5 is connected to the other end of normally open contact KM0-5 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C5, and one end of coil SSR5-0 of solid-state relay #5. The other end of coil SSR5-0 of solid-state relay #5 is connected to the other end of the inverter, the negative terminal of supercapacitor C5, and one end of normally open contact KM5-2 of relay #5. The other end of normally open contact KM5-2 of relay #5 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0020] Furthermore, the charging control circuit includes a stop button (STOP). One end of the stop button (STOP) is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The other end of the stop button (STOP) is connected to one normally closed contact (KM0-10) of relay #0. The other end of the normally closed contact (KM0-10) of relay #0 is connected to one normally closed contact (KMB-2) of relay #7. The other end of the normally closed contact (KMB-2) of relay #7 is connected to one end of a start button (START) and one normally open contact (KMA-1) of relay #6. The other end of the start button (START) and the other end of the normally open contact (KMA-1) of relay #6 are connected to one end of the coil (KMA-0) of relay #6, and the other end of the coil (KMA-0) of relay #6 is grounded. The other end of the start button (START) and the other end of the normally open contact (KMA-1) of relay #6 are connected to one end of the coil (KM1-0) of relay #1, and the other end of the coil (KM1-0) of relay #1 is grounded.

[0021] Furthermore, the other end of the START button and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 are connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR1-1 of solid-state relay #1. The other end of the normally open contact SSR1-1 of solid-state relay #1 is connected to one end of the coil KM2-0 of relay #2, and the other end of the coil KM2-0 of relay #2 is grounded. The other end of the START button and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 are connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR2-1 of solid-state relay #2. The other end of the normally open contact SSR2-1 of solid-state relay #2 is connected to one end of the coil KM3-0 of relay #3, and the other end of the coil KM3-0 of relay #3 is grounded. One end is grounded; the other end of the START button and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 are connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR3-1 of solid-state relay #3, the other end of the normally open contact SSR3-1 of solid-state relay #3 is connected to one end of the coil KM4-0 of relay #4, and the other end of the coil KM4-0 of relay #4 is grounded; the other end of the START button and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 are connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR4-1 of solid-state relay #4, the other end of the normally open contact SSR4-1 of solid-state relay #4 is connected to one end of the coil KM5-0 of relay #5, and the other end of the coil KM5-0 of relay #5 is grounded.

[0022] Furthermore, the discharge control circuit includes a normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8. One end of the normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The other end of the normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8 is connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR5-1 of solid-state relay #5 and one end of the normally open contact KMB-1 of relay #7. The other end of the normally open contact SSR5-1 of solid-state relay #5 and the other end of the normally open contact KMB-1 of relay #7 are connected to one end of the normally closed contact KMA-2 of relay #6 and one end of the coil KMB-0 of relay #7. The other end of the coil KMB-0 of relay #7 is grounded. The other end of the normally closed contact KMA-2 of relay #6 is connected to one end of the coil KM0-0 of relay #0. The other end of the coil KM0-0 of relay #0 is grounded.

[0023] A method for implementing a frequent starting system for a gas generator without a starter motor includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Supercapacitor charging. The supercapacitor is charged one by one. The terminal voltage of each supercapacitor is monitored. When the terminal voltage of a supercapacitor reaches the rated value, the charging process is switched to the next supercapacitor.

[0025] Step 2: The supercapacitor discharges to start the gas generator;

[0026] Step 3: Start the gas generator and charge the battery.

[0027] Furthermore, step 1 includes the following steps:

[0028] When the gas generator is stopped, pressing the start button START causes current to flow out through the positive terminal of the battery, through the stop button STOP, the normally closed contact KM0-10 of relay #0, the normally closed contact KMB-2 of relay #7, and the start button START, into the coil KMA-0 of relay #6. The coil KMA-0 of relay #6 is energized and closes, and the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 closes, forming a relay self-holding circuit. When the start button START is released, the coil KMA-0 of relay #6 continues to be energized and closed through the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6, and the charging control circuit starts working.

[0029] The coil KM1-0 of relay #1 is simultaneously energized and engaged in the same current circuit. The normally open contacts KM1-1 and KM1-2 of relay #1 close simultaneously. The positive terminal of supercapacitor C1 is short-circuited to the positive terminal of the battery via the normally open contact KM1-1 of relay #1, and the negative terminal of supercapacitor C1 is short-circuited to the negative terminal of the battery via the normally open contact KM1-2 of relay #1. The battery charges supercapacitor C1.

[0030] Further, step 1 further includes the following steps:

[0031] Let the voltage of the storage battery be Vu and the internal resistance be R, the voltage of the supercapacitor C1 be Vt and the capacitance value be C. According to the capacitor charging formula Vt = Vu * [1 - exp(-t / RC)], at the moment when the normally open contacts KM1-1 and KM1-2 of the 1# relay are closed, the voltage Vt across the two ends of the supercapacitor C1 cannot change suddenly. Vt is a process that gradually increases with time. The coil SSR1-0 of the 1# solid-state relay does not attract due to Vt < Vu during the charging process of the supercapacitor C1. After a time t = RC, the supercapacitor C1 is fully charged. When Vt is equal to Vu, the coil SSR1-0 of the 1# solid-state relay attracts, and the normally open contact SSR1-1 of the 1# solid-state relay closes.

[0032] Further, step 2 includes the following steps:

[0033] When the last supercapacitor C5 is fully charged, the coil SSR5-0 of the 5# solid-state relay attracts, and the normally open contact SSR5-1 of the 5# solid-state relay closes. The current flows out from the positive pole of the storage battery, passes through the normally closed contact KMC-1 of the 8# relay and the normally open contact SSR5-1 of the 5# solid-state relay, and the coil KMB-0 of the 7# relay is energized and attracts. The normally open contact KMB-1 of the 7# relay attracts to form a relay self-holding circuit, and the discharge control circuit starts to work; at the same time, the normally closed contact KMB-2 of the 7# relay disconnects, the charging control circuit self-holds and powers off and releases. The normally open contacts KM1-1, KM1-2 of the 1# relay, the normally open contacts KM2-1, KM2-2 of the 2# relay, the normally open contacts KM3-1, KM3-2 of the 3# relay, the normally open contacts KM4-1, KM4-2 of the 4# relay, the normally open contacts KM5-1, KM5-2 of the 5# relay are all disconnected, and all supercapacitors are separated from the charging circuit and enter the isolation state;

[0034] The normally closed contact KMA-2 of the 6# relay closes, the coil KM0-0 of the 0# relay is energized and attracts, and the normally open contacts KM0-1, KM0-2, KM0-3, KM0-4, KM0-5 of the 0# relay close. All supercapacitors are connected end to end to form a series-connected supercapacitor combination circuit, and the voltage and power are increased.

[0035] Further, step 3 includes the following steps:

[0036] The coil KMC-0 of relay #8 is connected in parallel to the single-phase live wire and neutral wire. When the gas generator does not start normally, the voltage across coil KMC-0 of relay #8 is lower than the rated voltage, and coil KMC-0 of relay #8 does not engage. When the gas generator starts normally, the voltage across coil KMC-0 of relay #8 is about 220V, coil KMC-0 of relay #8 engages, and normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8 opens, the discharge control circuit stops working, and normally open contacts KM0-1, KM0-2, KM0-3, KM0-4, and KM0-5 of relay #0 all open. All supercapacitors are disconnected from the discharge circuit and enter an isolated state to prevent the inverter from reverse charging the supercapacitors and damaging them.

[0037] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0038] It uses a combination of a 12V lead-acid battery and a supercapacitor to convert low-voltage, low-power DC power into high-voltage, high-power power. The inverter then converts the DC power into AC power, which drives the gas generator coil to generate an alternating magnetic field. This drives the gas generator rotor and crankshaft to rotate and start the generator. After the gas generator starts, the starting circuit is automatically disconnected, and the generator switches to charging mode to charge the lead-acid battery in preparation for restarting.

[0039] The starting method, which directly drives the generator coil, eliminates the need for an external starter motor, thus solving the problems of slippage, inability to disengage, and wear associated with conventional starter motors.

[0040] The system employs multiple supercapacitors and a 12V lead-acid battery, using a parallel charging method and a series starting method to increase the voltage and amplify the power. To prevent overcurrent in the lead-acid battery, the system monitors the voltage of the currently connected supercapacitors and connects them one by one in parallel after fully charging. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a circuit connection diagram of the gas generator frequent start system in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Examples, such as Figure 1As shown, a frequent starting system for a gas generator without a starter motor includes a charging / discharging circuit, a charging control circuit, and a discharging control circuit. The charging / discharging circuit includes a battery connected to a rectifier and voltage regulator. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to one normally open contact KM1-1 of relay #1, one normally open contact KM2-1 of relay #2, one normally open contact KM3-1 of relay #3, one normally open contact KM4-1 of relay #4, and one normally open contact KM5-1 of relay #5. The other end of the normally open contact KM1-1 of relay #1 is connected to one normally open contact KM0-1 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C1, and one end of the coil SSR1-0 of solid-state relay #1. The normally open contact KM0-1 of relay #0... One end of relay #1 is connected to one end of the inverter. The other end of the coil SSR1-0 of solid-state relay #1 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C1, one end of the normally open contact KM0-2 of relay #0, and one end of the normally open contact KM1-2 of relay #1. The other end of the normally open contact KM1-2 of relay #1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The other end of the normally open contact KM2-1 of relay #2 is connected to the other end of the normally open contact KM0-2 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C2, and one end of the coil SSR2-0 of solid-state relay #2. The other end of the coil SSR2-0 of solid-state relay #2 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C2, one end of the normally open contact KM0-3 of relay #0, and one end of the normally open contact KM2-2 of relay #2. The other end of the coil SSR2-0 of solid-state relay #2 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C2, one end of the normally open contact KM0-3 of relay #0, and one end of the normally open contact KM2-2 of relay #2. The other end of normally open contact KM2-2 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery; the other end of normally open contact KM3-1 of relay #3 is connected to the other end of normally open contact KM0-3 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C3, and one end of coil SSR3-0 of solid-state relay #3. The other end of coil SSR3-0 of solid-state relay #3 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C3, one end of normally open contact KM0-4 of relay #0, and one end of normally open contact KM3-2 of relay #3. The other end of normally open contact KM3-2 of relay #3 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery; the other end of normally open contact KM4-1 of relay #4 is connected to the other end of normally open contact KM0-4 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C4, and coil SSR4-0 of solid-state relay #4. One end of the coil SSR4-0 of solid-state relay #4 is connected to the negative terminal of supercapacitor C4, one end of normally open contact KM0-5 of relay #0, and one end of normally open contact KM4-2 of relay #4. The other end of normally open contact KM4-2 of relay #4 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The other end of normally open contact KM5-1 of relay #5 is connected to the other end of normally open contact KM0-5 of relay #0, the positive terminal of supercapacitor C5, and one end of coil SSR5-0 of solid-state relay #5. The other end of coil SSR5-0 of solid-state relay #5 is connected to the other end of the inverter, the negative terminal of supercapacitor C5, and one end of normally open contact KM5-2 of relay #5. The other end of normally open contact KM5-2 of relay #5 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0044] The inverter and rectifier regulator are connected to a generator coil, which is also connected to the coil KMC-0 of relay #8.

[0045] The charging control circuit includes a stop button (STOP). One end of the stop button (STOP) is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The other end of the stop button (STOP) is connected to one normally closed contact (KM0-10) of relay #0. The other end of normally closed contact (KM0-10) of relay #0 is connected to one normally closed contact (KMB-2) of relay #7. The other end of normally closed contact (KMB-2) of relay #7 is connected to one start button (START) and one normally open contact (KMA-1) of relay #6. The other end of start button (START) and normally open contact (KMA-1) of relay #6 are also connected. -1 is connected to one end of the coil KMA-0 of relay #6, and the other end of the coil KMA-0 of relay #6 is grounded; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 are connected to one end of the coil KM1-0 of relay #1, and the other end of the coil KM1-0 of relay #1 is grounded; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 are connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR1-1 of solid-state relay #1, and the other end of the normally open contact SSR1-1 of solid-state relay #1 is connected to... One end of the coil KM2-0 of relay #2 is connected, and the other end of the coil KM2-0 of relay #2 is grounded; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 are connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR2-1 of solid-state relay #2, and the other end of the normally open contact SSR2-1 of solid-state relay #2 is connected to one end of the coil KM3-0 of relay #3, and the other end of the coil KM3-0 of relay #3 is grounded; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 are connected to the coil KM3-0 of solid-state relay #3. One end of the normally open contact SSR3-1 of the relay is connected to one end of the coil KM4-0 of the #4 relay, and the other end of the coil KM4-0 of the #4 relay is grounded; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of the #6 relay are connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR4-1 of the #4 solid-state relay, and the other end of the normally open contact SSR4-1 of the #4 solid-state relay is connected to one end of the coil KM5-0 of the #5 relay, and the other end of the coil KM5-0 of the #5 relay is grounded.

[0046] The discharge control circuit includes the normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8. One end of the normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The other end of the normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8 is connected to one end of the normally open contact SSR5-1 of solid-state relay #5 and one end of the normally open contact KMB-1 of relay #7. The other end of the normally open contact SSR5-1 of solid-state relay #5 and the other end of the normally open contact KMB-1 of relay #7 are connected to one end of the normally closed contact KMA-2 of relay #6 and one end of the coil KMB-0 of relay #7. The other end of the coil KMB-0 of relay #7 is grounded. The other end of the normally closed contact KMA-2 of relay #6 is connected to one end of the coil KM0-0 of relay #0. The other end of the coil KM0-0 of relay #0 is grounded.

[0047] A method for implementing a frequent starting system for a gas generator without a starter motor includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Charge the supercapacitor;

[0049] To improve the starting power, the supercapacitors need to be charged first. To avoid overcurrent and excessive voltage drop in the battery caused by connecting multiple supercapacitors at the same time, a one-by-one charging method is adopted, monitoring the terminal voltage of each supercapacitor. When the terminal voltage of a supercapacitor reaches the rated value, the next supercapacitor is switched to be charged.

[0050] When the gas generator is stopped, pressing the START button causes current to flow out through the positive terminal of the battery, through the STOP button, the normally closed contact KM0-10 of relay #0, the normally closed contact KMB-2 of relay #7, and the START button, into the coil KMA-0 of relay #6. The coil KMA-0 of relay #6 is energized and closes, and the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6 closes, forming a relay self-holding circuit. When the START button is released, the coil KMA-0 of relay #6 continues to be energized and closed through the normally open contact KMA-1 of relay #6, and the charging control circuit starts working.

[0051] The coil KM1-0 of relay #1 is simultaneously energized and engaged in the same current circuit. The normally open contacts KM1-1 and KM1-2 of relay #1 close simultaneously. The positive terminal of supercapacitor C1 is short-circuited to the positive terminal of the battery via the normally open contact KM1-1 of relay #1, and the negative terminal of supercapacitor C1 is short-circuited to the negative terminal of the battery via the normally open contact KM1-2 of relay #1. The battery charges supercapacitor C1.

[0052] Let the voltage of the storage battery be Vu and its internal resistance be R, and the voltage of the supercapacitor C1 be Vt and its capacitance value be C. According to the capacitor charging formula Vt = Vu * [1 - exp(-t / RC)], at the moment when the normally open contacts KM1-1 and KM1-2 of the 1# relay are closed, the voltage Vt across the supercapacitor C1 cannot change suddenly. Vt is a process of gradually increasing with time. The coil SSR1-0 of the 1# solid-state relay does not attract during the charging process of the supercapacitor C1 because Vt < Vu. After a time t = RC, the supercapacitor C1 is fully charged. When Vt is equal to Vu, the coil SSR1-0 of the 1# solid-state relay attracts, and the normally open contact SSR1-1 of the 1# solid-state relay closes.

[0053] The coil KM2-0 of the 2# relay is powered on via the normally open contact SSR1-1 of the 1# solid-state relay. The normally open contacts KM2-1 and KM2-2 of the 2# relay close simultaneously. The positive electrode of the supercapacitor C2 is short-circuited to the positive electrode of the storage battery via the normally open contact KM2-1 of the 2# relay, and the negative electrode of the supercapacitor C2 is short-circuited to the negative electrode of the storage battery via the normally open contact KM2-2 of the 2# relay. The storage battery charges the supercapacitor C2.

[0054] Similarly, the coil SSR2-0 of the 2# solid-state relay does not attract during the charging process of the supercapacitor C2 because Vt < Vu. After a time t = RC, the supercapacitor C2 is fully charged. When Vt is equal to Vu, the coil SSR2-0 of the 2# solid-state relay attracts, and the normally open contact SSR2-1 of the 2# solid-state relay closes.

[0055] Similarly, the same process cycles, and the supercapacitors C3, C4, and C5 are fully charged in sequence.

[0056] Step 2, the supercapacitor discharges to start the gas generator.

[0057] When the last supercapacitor C5 is fully charged, the coil SSR5-0 of solid-state relay #5 is energized, and the normally open contact SSR5-1 of solid-state relay #5 closes. Current flows out through the positive terminal of the battery, through the normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8, the normally open contact SSR5-1 of solid-state relay #5, and the coil KMB-0 of relay #7 is energized and energized. The normally open contact KMB-1 of relay #7 is energized, forming a relay self-holding circuit, and the discharge control circuit starts to work. At the same time, the normally closed contact KMB-2 of relay #7 opens, and the charging control circuit self-holds. Upon power failure, all normally open contacts KM1-1, KM1-2, KM2-1, KM2-2, KM3-1, KM3-2, KM4-1, KM4-2, KM5-1, and KM5-2 of relay #1, are disconnected, and all supercapacitors are disconnected from the charging circuit and enter an isolated state.

[0058] Because the charging control circuit above releases its self-protection power, the normally closed contact KMA-2 of relay #6 closes, the coil KM0-0 of relay #0 is energized and engages, and the normally open contacts KM0-1, KM0-2, KM0-3, KM0-4, and KM0-5 of relay #0 close. All supercapacitors are connected end to end to form a series supercapacitor combination circuit, thus increasing voltage and power.

[0059] The supercapacitor circuit converts direct current into three-phase alternating current via an inverter. When the three-phase current flows into the three-phase symmetrical windings of the stator of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the magnetomotive force generated by the current synthesizes into a rotating magnetomotive force with a constant amplitude. Because its amplitude is constant, the trajectory of this rotating magnetomotive force forms a circle, called a circular rotating magnetomotive force. The interaction between the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the stator and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets on the rotor drives the rotor to rotate. The crankshaft connected to the rotor rotates, simultaneously driving the gas distribution system and ignition timing system to work, starting the gas generator.

[0060] Furthermore, the rated speed of a typical internal combustion engine is 2000 to 3000 rpm, and it can be started at a starting speed of 600 rpm. Therefore, the voltage of the supercapacitor combination does not need to reach the several hundred volts rated voltage of the gas generator. This invention uses five supercapacitors connected in series with a voltage of 60V. It has been verified that the starting speed can reach more than 600 rpm. In order to further improve the starting efficiency of the gas generator, the number of supercapacitors can also be increased to further improve the starting power and voltage.

[0061] Step 3: Start the gas generator and charge the battery;

[0062] After the gas generator starts successfully, in order to prevent the inverter from reverse charging the supercapacitor and damaging it, the supercapacitor bank needs to be disconnected from the gas generator coil.

[0063] The normal output voltage of a gas generator is several hundred volts. Taking a star-connected 380V three-phase winding as an example, the coil KMC-0 of relay #8 is connected in parallel to the single-phase live wire and the neutral wire. When the gas generator does not start normally, the voltage across the coil KMC-0 of relay #8 is lower than the rated voltage, and the coil KMC-0 of relay #8 does not engage. When the gas generator starts normally, the voltage across the coil KMC-0 of relay #8 is about 220V, the coil KMC-0 of relay #8 engages, and the normally closed contact KMC-1 of relay #8 opens, the discharge control circuit stops working, and the normally open contacts KM0-1, KM0-2, KM0-3, KM0-4, and KM0-5 of relay #0 all open, and all supercapacitors are disconnected from the discharge circuit and enter the isolation state.

[0064] After the gas generator starts normally, one phase winding charges the lead-acid battery through the rectifier and voltage regulator to replenish the electrical energy consumed during startup. When the lead-acid battery is fully charged, the rectifier and voltage regulator disconnects the charging circuit to prevent the lead-acid battery from being overcharged.

[0065] The description of this invention is given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A method for implementing a frequent start system for a gas engine generator without a starting motor, characterized by: The application relates to a charging and discharging circuit, a charging control circuit and a discharging control circuit, wherein the charging and discharging circuit comprises a storage battery, an inverter and a plurality of super capacitors connected with the storage battery through normally-open contacts of a relay, each super capacitor is connected with a coil of a solid-state relay, the storage battery is further connected with a rectifier stabilizer, the coil of the inverter and the rectifier stabilizer is connected with a coil of a gas generator, the coil of the gas generator is further connected with a coil KMC-0 of an 8# relay, the charging and discharging circuit is used for charging the super capacitors by the storage battery or discharging the super capacitors, the charging control circuit is used for controlling the charging of the super capacitors by the storage battery in the charging and discharging circuit, and the discharging control circuit is used for controlling the discharging of the super capacitors to start the gas generator; one end of a normally-open contact KM1-1 of a 1# relay is connected with a positive electrode of the storage battery, the other end of the normally-open contact KM1-1 of the 1# relay is connected with one end of a normally-open contact KM0-1 of a 0# relay, a positive electrode of a super capacitor C1 and one end of a coil SSR1-0 of a 1# solid-state relay, the other end of the normally-open contact KM0-1 of the 0# relay is connected with one end of the inverter, the other end of the coil SSR1-0 of the 1# solid-state relay is connected with a negative electrode of the super capacitor C1, one end of a normally-open contact KM0-2 of the 0# relay and one end of a normally-open contact KM1-2 of the 1# relay, and the other end of the normally-open contact KM1-2 of the 1# relay is connected with a negative electrode of the storage battery; the charging control circuit comprises a stop button STOP, one end of the stop button STOP is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, the other end of the stop button STOP is connected with one end of a normally-closed contact KM0-10 of the 0# relay, the other end of the normally-closed contact KM0-10 of the 0# relay is connected with one end of a normally-closed contact KMB-2 of a 7# relay, the other end of the normally-closed contact KMB-2 of the 7# relay is connected with one end of a start button START and one end of a normally-open contact KMA-1 of a 6# relay, the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally-open contact KMA-1 of the 6# relay are connected with one end of a coil KMA-0 of the 6# relay, the other end of the coil KMA-0 of the 6# relay is connected with the ground; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally-open contact KMA-1 of the 6# relay are connected with one end of a coil KM1-0 of the 1# relay, the other end of the coil KM1-0 of the 1# relay is connected with the ground; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally-open contact KMA-1 of the 6# relay are connected with a normally-open contact SSR1-1 of the 1# solid-state relay; the implementation method is applied to a gas generator frequent starting system without a starting motor and comprises the following steps: Step 1: charging the super capacitors, a one-by-one charging mode is adopted, the voltage at the end of a single super capacitor is monitored, when the voltage at the end of the super capacitor reaches a rated value, the charging of the next super capacitor is switched to; Step 2: discharging the super capacitors to start the gas generator; Step 3: starting the gas generator and charging the storage battery; the step 1 comprises the following steps: When the gas generator is in the stop state, press the start button START, the current flows out from the positive electrode of the battery, flows into the coil KMA-0 of the 6# relay through the stop button STOP, the normally closed contact KM0-10 of the 0# relay, the normally closed contact KMB-2 of the 7# relay, the start button START, the coil KMA-0 of the 6# relay is energized and attracted, the normally open contact KMA-1 of the 6# relay is attracted to form a relay self-protection loop, release the start button START, the coil KMA-0 of the 6# relay continues to be energized and attracted through the normally open contact KMA-1 of the 6# relay, and the charging control circuit starts to work; The coil KM1-0 of the 1# relay is simultaneously energized and attracted in the same current loop, the normally open contact KM1-1 of the 1# relay and the normally open contact KM1-2 of the 1# relay are simultaneously closed, the positive electrode of the super capacitor C1 is short-circuited through the normally open contact KM1-1 of the 1# relay and the positive electrode of the battery, and the negative electrode of the super capacitor C1 is short-circuited through the normally open contact KM1-2 of the 1# relay and the negative electrode of the battery, so that the battery charges the super capacitor C1. Suppose that the voltage of the battery is Vu, the internal resistance is R, the voltage of the super capacitor C1 is Vt, and the capacitance value is C. According to the capacitor charging formula Vt=Vu*[1-exp(-t / RC)], at the moment when the normally open contact KM1-1 of the 1# relay and the normally open contact KM1-2 of the 1# relay are closed, the voltage Vt across the super capacitor C1 cannot change abruptly, Vt is a process of gradually increasing with time, the coil SSR1-0 of the 1# solid-state relay is not attracted because Vt<Vu during the charging process of the super capacitor C1, after a time t=RC, the super capacitor C1 is fully charged, Vt is equal to Vu, the coil SSR1-0 of the 1# solid-state relay is attracted, and the normally open contact SSR1-1 of the 1# solid-state relay is closed.

2. The method of implementing a frequent start system for a gas engine generator without a starter motor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The positive pole of the battery is also connected with one end of the normally open contact KM2-1 of the 2# relay, one end of the normally open contact KM3-1 of the 3# relay, one end of the normally open contact KM4-1 of the 4# relay and one end of the normally open contact KM5-1 of the 5# relay, the other end of the normally open contact KM2-1 of the 2# relay is connected with the other end of the normally open contact KM0-2 of the 0# relay, the positive pole of the super capacitor C2 and one end of the coil SSR2-0 of the 2# solid state relay, the other end of the coil SSR2-0 of the 2# solid state relay is connected with the negative pole of the super capacitor C2, one end of the normally open contact KM0-3 of the 0# relay and one end of the normally open contact KM2-2 of the 2# relay, the other end of the normally open contact KM2-2 of the 2# relay is connected with the negative pole of the battery; the other end of the normally open contact KM3-1 of the 3# relay is connected with the other end of the normally open contact KM0-3 of the 0# relay, the positive pole of the super capacitor C3 and one end of the coil SSR3-0 of the 3# solid state relay, the other end of the coil SSR3-0 of the 3# solid state relay is connected with the negative pole of the super capacitor C3, one end of the normally open contact KM0-4 of the 0# relay and one end of the normally open contact KM3-2 of the 3# relay, the other end of the normally open contact KM3-2 of the 3# relay is connected with the negative pole of the battery; the other end of the normally open contact KM4-1 of the 4# relay is connected with the other end of the normally open contact KM0-4 of the 0# relay, the positive pole of the super capacitor C4 and one end of the coil SSR4-0 of the 4# solid state relay, the other end of the coil SSR4-0 of the 4# solid state relay is connected with the negative pole of the super capacitor C4, one end of the normally open contact KM0-5 of the 0# relay and one end of the normally open contact KM4-2 of the 4# relay, the other end of the normally open contact KM4-2 of the 4# relay is connected with the negative pole of the battery; the other end of the normally open contact KM5-1 of the 5# relay is connected with the other end of the normally open contact KM0-5 of the 0# relay, the positive pole of the super capacitor C5 and one end of the coil SSR5-0 of the 5# solid state relay, the other end of the coil SSR5-0 of the 5# solid state relay is connected with the other end of the inverter, the negative pole of the super capacitor C5 and one end of the normally open contact KM5-2 of the 5# relay, the other end of the normally open contact KM5-2 of the 5# relay is connected with the negative pole of the battery.

3. The method of implementing a frequent start system for a gas engine generator without a starter motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The other end of the normally open contact SSR1-1 of the 1# solid state relay is connected with the one end of the coil KM2-0 of the 2# relay, and the other end of the coil KM2-0 of the 2# relay is grounded; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of the 6# relay are connected with the one end of the normally open contact SSR2-1 of the 2# solid state relay, and the other end of the normally open contact SSR2-1 of the 2# solid state relay is connected with the one end of the coil KM3-0 of the 3# relay, and the other end of the coil KM3-0 of the 3# relay is grounded; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of the 6# relay are connected with the one end of the normally open contact SSR3-1 of the 3# solid state relay, and the other end of the normally open contact SSR3-1 of the 3# solid state relay is connected with the one end of the coil KM4-0 of the 4# relay, and the other end of the coil KM4-0 of the 4# relay is grounded; the other end of the start button START and the other end of the normally open contact KMA-1 of the 6# relay are connected with the one end of the normally open contact SSR4-1 of the 4# solid state relay, and the other end of the normally open contact SSR4-1 of the 4# solid state relay is connected with the one end of the coil KM5-0 of the 5# relay, and the other end of the coil KM5-0 of the 5# relay is grounded.

4. The method of implementing a frequent start system for a gas engine generator without a starter motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The discharge control circuit comprises the normally closed contact KMC-1 of the 8# relay, the one end of the normally closed contact KMC-1 of the 8# relay is connected with the positive pole of the storage battery, the other end of the normally closed contact KMC-1 of the 8# relay is connected with the one end of the normally open contact SSR5-1 of the 5# solid state relay and the one end of the normally open contact KMB-1 of the 7# relay, the other end of the normally open contact SSR5-1 of the 5# solid state relay and the other end of the normally open contact KMB-1 of the 7# relay are connected with the one end of the normally closed contact KMA-2 of the 6# relay and the one end of the coil KMB-0 of the 7# relay, the other end of the coil KMB-0 of the 7# relay is grounded, and the other end of the normally closed contact KMA-2 of the 6# relay is connected with the one end of the coil KM0-0 of the 0# relay, and the other end of the coil KM0-0 of the 0# relay is grounded.

5. The method of implementing a frequent start system for a gas engine generator without a starter motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The step 2 comprises the following steps: When the last super capacitor C5 is full of electricity, the coil SSR5-0 of the 5# solid state relay is attracted, the normally open contact SSR5-1 of the 5# solid state relay is closed, the current flows out from the positive pole of the battery, passes through the normally closed contact KMC-1 of the 8# relay and the normally open contact SSR5-1 of the 5# solid state relay, the coil KMB-0 of the 7# relay is powered and attracted, the normally open contact KMB-1 of the 7# relay is attracted to form a relay self-protection loop, and the discharge control circuit starts to work; at the same time, the normally closed contact KMB-2 of the 7# relay is opened, the self-protection of the charging control circuit is powered off and released, the normally open contact KM1-1 of the 1# relay, the normally open contact KM1-2 of the 1# relay, the normally open contact KM2-1 of the 2# relay, the normally open contact KM2-2 of the 2# relay, the normally open contact KM3-1 of the 3# relay, the normally open contact KM3-2 of the 3# relay, the normally open contact KM4-1 of the 4# relay, the normally open contact KM4-2 of the 4# relay, the normally open contact KM5-1 of the 5# relay and the normally open contact KM5-2 of the 5# relay are all opened, and all the super capacitors are disconnected from the charging circuit and enter the isolation state; The normally closed contact KMA-2 of the 6# relay is closed, the coil KM0-0 of the 0# relay is powered and attracted, the normally open contact KM0-1 of the 0# relay, the normally open contact KM0-2 of the 0# relay, the normally open contact KM0-3 of the 0# relay, the normally open contact KM0-4 of the 0# relay and the normally open contact KM0-5 of the 0# relay are closed, all the super capacitors are connected in series, and a super capacitor combination circuit in series is formed to improve the voltage and power.

6. The method of implementing a frequent start system for a gas engine generator without a starter motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The step 3 comprises the following steps: The coil KMC-0 of the 8# relay is connected in parallel between the single-phase live wire and the zero line, when the gas generator is not started normally, the voltage across the coil KMC-0 of the 8# relay is lower than the rated voltage, and the coil KMC-0 of the 8# relay is not attracted; after the gas generator is started normally, the voltage across the coil KMC-0 of the 8# relay is about 220V, the coil KMC-0 of the 8# relay is attracted, the normally closed contact KMC-1 of the 8# relay is opened, the discharge control circuit stops working, the normally open contact KM0-1 of the 0# relay, the normally open contact KM0-2 of the 0# relay, the normally open contact KM0-3 of the 0# relay, the normally open contact KM0-4 of the 0# relay and the normally open contact KM0-5 of the 0# relay are all opened, and all the super capacitors are disconnected from the discharge circuit and enter the isolation state, so that the inverter cannot reversely charge the super capacitors and damage the super capacitors.

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