Semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator

Abstract

The invention provides a semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator, and belongs to the field of centrifugal ventilators, the semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator comprises a shell assembly mainly composed of a front shell, a rear shell and an exhaust end, the shell assembly is arranged in an accessory casing, and a mounting space of a separation device is formed between the front shell and the rear shell; one side of the exhaust section is connected with a high-altitude valve, and the other side of the exhaust section, the front shell and the rear shell are mounted on the accessory casing shell through connecting pieces; the separation device is mainly composed of a framework, an outer cover and a metal sponge, the framework is supported on a front shell and a rear shell through bearings, the outer cover is installed on the outer side of the framework, an oil-gas separation cavity is formed between the outer cover and the framework, the metal sponge is arranged in the oil-gas separation cavity, and the framework is connected with a transmission gear. An oil-gas mixture flows into the separation device from the rear shell and is subjected to oil-gas separation in the oil-gas separation cavity through the metal sponge, separated oil flows out of the outer cover and the rear shell, and separated gas is discharged out of an engine from the framework, the exhaust section and the high-altitude valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of centrifugal ventilators, and particularly relates to a semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator. Background Art

[0002] The ventilator is an important device at the end of the lubricating oil ventilation system of an aero-engine. It is used to separate the lubricating oil and gas in the oil-gas mixture in the ventilation system. The separated lubricating oil re-participates in the lubricating oil system cycle through the oil return system, and the separated gas is discharged outside the engine, playing a role in reducing the lubricating oil consumption.

[0003] The structural form of the ventilator changes according to its installation position. Typical ventilators include centrifuge-type ventilators, impeller-type ventilators, and shaft center ventilators. The centrifuge-type ventilator, as a complete accessory, is driven by a special transmission mechanism; the impeller-type ventilator is usually a centrifugal impeller placed in the accessory housing or bearing cavity, and generally the impeller is directly installed on the transmission shaft through a spline; the shaft center ventilator mainly uses the engine main shaft as the exhaust passage of the bearing cavity, and is generally installed on the main shaft or designed as an integral body with the main shaft, and has structures such as metal sponge and honeycomb-shaped thin-walled flow channels.

[0004] However, the existing ventilators mainly have the following disadvantages:

[0005] 1) The separation ability of the centrifuge-type ventilator is proportional to the square of the rotor outer diameter and the rotational speed. The higher the rotational speed and the larger the outer diameter, the easier it is to separate the oil and gas; the longer the axial length of the rotor, the better the separation effect, but too large axial length and outer diameter of the rotor will cause the weight of the ventilator to increase, which is not conducive to reducing the weight of the engine;

[0006] 2) The separation ability of the impeller-type ventilator increases with the increase of the rotational speed, but after the rotational speed increases to a certain extent, the increase in separation efficiency is limited;

[0007] 3) Since the shaft center ventilator is installed inside the engine bearing cavity, it is not conducive to maintenance and inspection. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this application is to provide a semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator to solve or alleviate at least one problem in the background art.

[0009] The technical solution of this application is: A semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator, comprising:

[0010] A housing assembly mainly composed of a front housing, a rear housing, and an exhaust end. The housing assembly is arranged inside the accessory housing. An installation space for the separation device is formed between the front housing and the rear housing. One side of the exhaust section is connected to the high-altitude valve, and the other side is installed on the accessory housing through a connecting piece with the front housing and the rear housing;

[0011] A separation device mainly composed of a framework, an outer cover and a metal sponge. The framework is supported on a front housing and a rear housing through bearings. The outer cover is installed outside the framework, and an oil-gas separation cavity is formed between the outer cover and the framework. The metal sponge is arranged in the oil-gas separation cavity, and the framework is connected to a transmission gear.

[0012] The oil-gas mixture flows into the separation device from the rear housing, and the oil and gas are separated through the metal sponge in the oil-gas separation cavity. The separated oil flows out from the outer cover and the rear housing, and the separated gas is discharged outside the engine from the framework, an exhaust section and a high-altitude valve.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of oil-gas inlets and at least one oil outlet located at the bottom are provided on the rear housing.

[0014] Preferably, the plurality of oil-gas inlets are uniformly arranged around the axis of the transmission gear.

[0015] Preferably, a flange extending radially is provided on one side of the framework close to the oil-gas inlet, and an oil-gas separation inlet is provided on the flange. A plurality of exhaust ports are provided on the side wall of the framework, and the exhaust ports communicate with the oil-gas separation cavity. An exhaust section extending horizontally is provided on one side of the framework far from the oil-gas inlet.

[0016] Preferably, the plurality of exhaust ports are uniformly arranged around the axis of the framework.

[0017] Preferably, the metal sponge includes at least three layers, and according to the flow path of the oil-gas mixture, the mesh specifications of the metal sponge gradually decrease.

[0018] Preferably, the exhaust ports provided on the framework are located on the side with the smallest mesh specification of the metal sponge, and at least partially cover the metal sponge with the second smallest mesh specification.

[0019] Preferably, oil drainage holes are provided on the outer cover corresponding to each part of the metal sponge with different mesh specifications, and the exhaust holes are uniformly arranged around the axis of the framework.

[0020] Preferably, a bushing is provided between the rear housing and the bearing supporting the framework.

[0021] Preferably, the bearing supporting the framework installed on the front housing is axially limited by a retaining ring installed on the framework, and is in contact and sealed with the retaining ring through a partition plate installed on the front housing, so as to realize the sealing of the bearing supporting the framework installed on the front housing.

[0022] Compared with the centrifuge type ventilator and impeller type ventilator in the prior art, the semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator of the present application can further improve the separation efficiency, reduce the resistance, reduce the self-weight of the accessory, and improve the maintenance efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution provided by this application, the accompanying drawings will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator of this application.

[0025] 100 - Semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator

[0026] 1 - Front housing

[0027] 2 - Rear housing, 21 - Oil and gas inlet, 22 - Oil outlet

[0028] 3 - Exhaust section

[0029] 4 - Skeleton, 41 - Exhaust cavity, 42 - Exhaust port, 43 - Exhaust duct, 44 - Oil and gas separation inlet

[0030] 5 - Outer cover, 51 - Oil drain hole

[0031] 6 - Metal sponge

[0032] 71 - First bearing, 72 - Second bearing

[0033] 81 - Partition, 82 - Bushing, 83 - Stop ring

[0034] 9 - Transmission gear

[0035] 201 - High-altitude valve

[0036] 202 - Accessory gearbox housing Detailed implementation mode

[0037] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the implementation of this application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] To overcome the shortcomings of centrifugal ventilators, impeller ventilators and shaft ventilators in the prior art, this application provides a semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator. By placing the separation component inside the engine accessory gearbox and the exhaust part outside the engine accessory gearbox, the miniaturization of the centrifugal ventilator is achieved, the structural weight is greatly reduced, the structure is relatively independent and can be quickly disassembled and assembled, which is convenient for daily inspection and maintenance, and the separation efficiency is improved.

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, the semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator 100 provided by this application includes: front housing 1, rear housing 2, exhaust section 3, skeleton 4, outer cover 5, metal sponge 6,

[0040] Among them, the housing assembly composed of the front housing 1, the rear housing 2 and the exhaust section 3. The front housing 1 and the rear housing 2 are connected through a flange structure, forming an installation space for the separation device therebetween. One side of the exhaust section 3 is connected to the high-altitude valve 201, and the other side is installed on the flange structure of the front housing 1 and the rear housing 2 and integrally connected to the accessory gearbox housing 202 through bolts. A plurality of oil-gas inlets 21 are provided on the left side wall of the rear housing 2, and an oil outlet 22 is provided on its bottom side wall. The oil-gas mixture can enter the separation component through the oil-gas inlet 21. In some embodiments of the present application, there are a plurality of oil-gas inlets 21, which are evenly distributed along the axis of the transmission gear 9.

[0041] The skeleton 4, the outer cover 5 and the metal sponge 6 constitute the separation device. A radially extending flange is provided outside the right side (close to the oil-gas mixture inlet side) of the skeleton 4, and an oil-gas separation inlet 44 is provided on the flange. The outer cover 5 is installed outside the skeleton 4, forming an oil-gas separation chamber therebetween. The metal sponge 6 is arranged in the oil-gas separation chamber. A plurality of exhaust ports 42 are provided on the side wall of the skeleton 4, an exhaust chamber 41 is formed inside the skeleton 4, and an exhaust passage 43 connecting the exhaust chamber 41 is provided on the left side of the skeleton 41. A plurality of oil drainage holes 51 are provided on the side wall of the outer cover 5. After the oil-gas mixture entering from the oil-gas separation inlet 44 passes through the metal sponge 6, the oil can be discharged from the oil drainage holes 51 of the outer cover 5, and the gas can enter the exhaust chamber 41 through the exhaust ports 42 and flow out of the separation device along the exhaust passage 43, and finally be discharged into the high-altitude valve 201 through the exhaust section 3.

[0042] The left and right sides of the skeleton 4 are respectively supported on the front housing 1 and the rear housing 2 through the first bearing 71 and the second bearing 72, and a transmission gear 91 is connected to the right side of the skeleton 4. The engine accessory gearbox transmission shaft drives the transmission gear 3 to rotate, and thus the separation device can be driven to rotate.

[0043] Among them, a radial edge is provided on the right side of the skeleton 4 to realize the axial limit of the second bearing 72. In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a bushing 82 is provided on the rear housing 2, and the second bearing 72 is installed outside the bushing 82 to realize anti-wear of the rear housing 2. A partition 81 and a stop ring 83 are provided on the left side of the skeleton 4. The stop ring 83 is connected to the skeleton 4 to realize the axial limit of the axis of the first bearing 71. The partition 81 is installed on the front housing 1 through bolts and is in contact and sealed with the stop ring 83 to seal the first bearing 71. In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a first sealing ring is provided at the contact part between the partition 81 and the front housing 1, and a second sealing ring is provided at the contact part between the partition 81 and the stop ring 83. Further, the second sealing ring provided at the contact part between the partition 81 and the stop ring 83 is two or more. Preferably, to prevent the oil-gas mixture in the centrifugal ventilator from leaking to the outside of the engine, the first sealing ring between the stop ring 83 and the partition 81 is a metal (such as spring steel) or non-metal (such as graphite) expansion ring.

[0044] The semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator provided by this application is fixedly connected to the accessory gearbox housing 202 through bolts. The oil-gas separation device is placed inside the accessory gearbox, and the exhaust outlet part is placed outside the accessory gearbox, eliminating the connection of ventilation and oil return pipelines and simplifying the related structure. As a complete accessory, the ventilator is driven by the accessory gearbox drive shaft through the transmission gear 9, enabling independent installation and replacement for easy maintenance and inspection.

[0045] In the preferred embodiment of this application, the metal sponge 6 includes at least three layers, and according to the flow path of the oil-gas mixture, the mesh specifications of the metal sponge 6 gradually decrease. In this application, by adopting a multi-layer high-efficiency metal sponge separation structure with different mesh specifications, under the drive of the ultra-high speed of the accessory gearbox, the separation efficiency and resistance are optimized, further improving the separation efficiency, realizing the miniaturization of the accessory, and significantly reducing the structural weight.

[0046] Furthermore, at the position of the metal sponge 6 corresponding to each different aperture, an oil drain hole 51 is provided on the outer cover 5, and the exhaust holes 51 are evenly distributed axially. By providing the oil drain hole 51 on the outer cover 5 corresponding to the position of the metal sponge 6 with each different aperture, the oil-gas separation efficiency can be improved, enabling the preliminarily separated lubricating oil to be discharged in advance, and preventing the separated lubricating oil from continuing to flow backward and increasing the burden on the subsequent oil-gas separation device.

[0047] In the preferred embodiment of this application, the exhaust port 42 provided on the skeleton 4 is located on the side with the smallest aperture in the metal sponge 6 and at least partially covers the metal sponge 6 with the second smallest aperture. For example, in the illustrated embodiment of this application, the exhaust port 42 on the skeleton 4 generally covers the metal sponge 6 with the smallest aperture on the leftmost side, and at the same time covers 1 / 3 of the width of the metal sponge 6 with the second aperture in the middle. By partially covering the metal sponge 6 in the middle with the exhaust port 42, when the metal sponge 6 with the smallest aperture on the leftmost side is blocked due to dust or metal chips, etc., the separated gas can still flow into the exhaust cavity 41 through this part of the exhaust port 42, thus realizing the prevention of oil-gas separation structure blockage.

[0048] The working process of the semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator 100 of the present application is as follows: The oil-gas mixture in the engine ventilation system enters the cavity of the centrifugal ventilator housing assembly through the oil-gas inlet 21 on the rear housing 2, and successively passes through multiple layers of metal sponges 10 with different pore size specifications. Under the action of centrifugal force, the heavier oil droplets in the oil-gas mixture are thrown out, enter the cavity of the centrifugal ventilator housing through the oil drain hole 51 on the outer cover 5, and under the action of gravity, converge at the bottom of the accessory gearbox cavity through the oil outlet 22 on the rear housing 2, and enter the oil return system together with the oil return of the accessory gearbox, and are pumped back to the lubricating oil tank by the oil return pump to re-participate in the lubricating oil system cycle; After the oil-gas separation, the separated gas successively enters the exhaust cavity 41 through the exhaust port 42 of the skeleton 4, flows through the exhaust passage 43 and is discharged to the outside of the engine from the exhaust section 3 and the high-altitude valve 201.

[0049] Compared with the centrifuge-type ventilator and impeller-type ventilator in the prior art, the semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator of the present application can further improve the separation efficiency, reduce the resistance, reduce the self-weight of the accessory, and improve the maintenance efficiency.

[0050] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator, characterized in that Comprising: A housing assembly mainly composed of a front housing, a rear housing and an exhaust section, the housing assembly is arranged inside the accessory gearbox, a mounting space for a separation device is formed between the front housing and the rear housing, one side of the exhaust section is connected to a high altitude valve, and the other side is mounted on the accessory gearbox housing through a connecting piece with the front housing and the rear housing; A separation device mainly composed of a skeleton, a housing and metal sponge, the skeleton is supported on the front housing and the rear housing through bearings, the housing is mounted on the outside of the skeleton and an oil-gas separation cavity is formed between the housing and the skeleton, the metal sponge is arranged in the oil-gas separation cavity, and the skeleton is connected to a transmission gear; The oil-gas mixture flows into the separation device from the rear housing, and the oil and gas are separated by the metal sponge in the oil-gas separation cavity. The separated oil flows out from the housing and the rear housing, and the separated gas is discharged outside the engine from the skeleton, the exhaust section and the high altitude valve.

2. The semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of oil-gas inlets and at least one oil outlet located at the bottom are provided on the rear housing.

3. The semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of oil-gas inlets are evenly arranged along the axis of the transmission gear.

4. The semi-outdoor metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 1, wherein, A flange extending radially is provided on one side of the skeleton close to the oil-gas inlet, an oil-gas separation inlet is provided on the flange, a plurality of exhaust ports are provided on the side wall of the skeleton, the exhaust ports communicate with the oil-gas separation cavity, and an exhaust section extending horizontally is provided on one side of the skeleton away from the oil-gas inlet.

5. The semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plurality of exhaust ports are evenly arranged along the axis of the skeleton.

6. The semi-outdoor metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The metal sponge includes at least three layers, and according to the flow path of the oil-gas mixture, the mesh sizes of the metal sponge decrease in sequence.

7. The semi-outdoor metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The exhaust ports provided on the skeleton are located on the side of the metal sponge with the smallest mesh size, and at least partially cover the metal sponge with the second smallest mesh size.

8. The semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 6, characterized in that, Oil drain holes are provided on the housing corresponding to each part of the metal sponge with a different mesh size, and the exhaust holes are evenly arranged along the axis of the skeleton.

9. The semi-outdoor metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bushing is provided between the rear housing and the bearing supporting the skeleton.

10. The semi-external metal sponge centrifugal ventilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing supporting the skeleton mounted on the front housing is axially limited by a stop ring mounted on the skeleton, and is in contact and sealed with the stop ring through a partition plate mounted on the front housing, so as to realize the sealing of the bearing supporting the skeleton mounted on the front housing.

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