Ocean depth measuring device based on sound wave reflection principle
By setting the appropriate angle and position of the acoustic wave transmitting and receiving transducers in the ocean depth measurement device, the problems of weak reception signals and influence of hull movement are solved, and strong signal reception and high-precision measurement are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510574359.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
When the existing ocean depth measurement device is sailing, the received acoustic signals are weak and affected by the movement of the hull, resulting in inaccurate measurements.
A sound wave emission transducer and a receiving transducer are installed below the hull. The sound wave emission direction is in the front of the lower and the receiving direction is in the rear. A suitable sound wave emission angle α=arccos(v/w) is set to ensure the high intensity of the reflected sound waves and consider the influence of the hull movement.
It improves the acoustic wave reception intensity and measurement accuracy, reduces the error of hull movement on measurement results, and achieves more accurate ocean depth measurement.
Smart Images
Figure CN120368937A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of measurement technology, especially an ocean depth measurement device based on the principle of acoustic wave reflection. Background Art
[0002] Currently, the most commonly used method for ocean depth measurement is the acoustic method. Commonly used instruments include echo sounders, which are developed based on the principle of echo ranging. It is installed at the bottom of the ship. When working, the transmitting transducer emits acoustic waves downward from the sea surface. The acoustic waves propagate downward in the water, reach the seabed, reflect back, and are received by the receiving transducer on the sea surface. Combining the propagation speed of acoustic waves in water and the time interval from transmission to reception, the ocean depth can be calculated.
[0003] The existing problems are as follows: 1. Currently, since the ship is usually moving forward during measurement, the strong reflected acoustic wave signal cannot reach the receiving transducer. What the receiving transducer receives are all the scattered acoustic wave signals, and sometimes the scattered acoustic wave signals are very weak (especially affected by the acoustic wave emission angle and the relatively large water depth), resulting in the inability to accurately measure the depth of the measurement point.
[0004] 2. When the ship is moving forward during measurement, the hull is not in the original position when receiving the signal. Usually, the position change is not considered during calculation, which will lead to measurement errors. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The main problem to be solved by the present invention is how to enhance the received acoustic wave signal and avoid the influence of hull movement on water depth measurement.
[0006] An ocean depth measurement device based on the principle of acoustic wave reflection, characterized in that it includes an acoustic wave transmitting transducer and an acoustic wave receiving transducer. Both the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are installed below the hull. The acoustic wave emission direction of the transmitting transducer is downward and forward, where the forward direction refers to the ship's navigation direction. Let the water depth be h, the angle between the acoustic wave emission direction of the transmitting transducer and the horizontal plane be α, the ship's navigation speed be v, the propagation speed of acoustic waves in water be w, and the time interval from acoustic wave emission to reception be t. Set α = arccos(v / w), and then h = (w×t / 2)v / w.
[0007] Beneficial effect is that, because the sound wave is emitted downward and forward, the reflection direction of the sound wave is upward and forward, and because the hull also moves forward a distance, according to the hull speed, an appropriate sound wave emission angle is set, no matter how deep the water is, because the seabed can be regarded as a plane with a high probability at a small area sound wave reflection place, so the sound wave reflection angle and the sound wave receiving position are basically determined, and it is possible to ensure that the sound wave receiving transducer receives a strong reflected sound wave signal, in addition, the hull moving speed is much less than the propagation speed of the sound wave in the water, therefore, the sailing distance of the hull in time t is much less than the water depth, the angle between the sound wave incident and the reflection direction is very small, and the sound wave receiving transducer receives a strong intensity of the sound wave, and the measurement is relatively more accurate, and at the same time, the present invention fully considers the movement of the hull position during measurement, and the measurement result is more accurate. The present invention makes full use of the reflection principle of sound waves, that is, when sound waves propagate, obstacles will be reflected, and the reflection angle is equal to the incident angle, and it is obvious that the sound wave intensity in the reflection angle direction is the strongest, and it is possible to ensure that the sound wave receiving transducer receives a strong reflected sound wave signal.
[0008] The sound wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer is downward and rearward, and the angle between the receiving transducer and the horizontal plane is α.
[0009] The beneficial effect is that no matter how deep the water is, since the seabed can be regarded as a plane with a high probability at the small area of sound wave reflection, the sound wave reflection angle and the sound wave receiving position are basically determined. Setting the sound wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer in this way can better ensure that the sound wave receiving transducer receives a strong reflected sound wave signal. Even if the seabed has a slope, since the positive and negative seabed slopes offset each other over a large range, the probability of a near-plane is still very high. Setting the sound wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer in this way can better ensure that the sound wave receiving transducer receives a strong reflected sound wave signal within a high probability range.
[0010] The upper ends of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are close together, the transmitting transducer is located in front of the receiving transducer, the transmitting transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave transmitting angle, and the receiving transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave receiving angle.
[0011] The beneficial effect is that the upper ends of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are close together, and the transmitting transducer is located in front of the receiving transducer, which ensures that the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are basically in the same position, and at the same time avoids the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer from colliding with each other when adjusting their respective angles. The invention discloses an ocean depth measuring device based on the principle of sound wave reflection, characterized in that it comprises n sound wave transmitting transducers and n sound wave receiving transducers, wherein the n transmitting transducers are arranged in a row at a certain interval, the straight line direction of the row is perpendicular to the front and rear direction of the hull, the length of the row is greater than the hull, a receiving transducer is adapted to each transmitting transducer, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are both installed below the hull, the sound wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer is the lower front, the front refers to the sailing direction of the hull, the water depth is h, the angle between the sound wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer and the horizontal plane is α, the sailing speed of the ship is v, the propagation speed of the sound wave in the water is w, the time interval between the sound wave transmitting and receiving is t, and α=arccos(v / w) is set, so h=(w×t / 2)v / w is obtained.
[0012] The beneficial effect is that, since the row includes n transmitting transducers and receiving transducers, multiple data can be measured at one time, and the measurement efficiency is improved while ensuring accuracy. In addition, since the sound wave is emitted downward and forward, the reflection direction of the sound wave is upward and forward. Since the hull also moves forward a distance, the appropriate sound wave emission angle is set according to the hull speed. Regardless of the water depth, since the seabed can be regarded as a plane at a small area of sound wave reflection, the sound wave reflection angle and the sound wave receiving position are basically determined, which can ensure that the sound wave receiving transducer receives a strong reflected sound wave signal. In addition, the hull movement speed is much smaller than the sound wave propagation speed in water. Therefore, the sailing distance of the hull within time t is much smaller than the water depth, and the angle between the incident and reflected directions of the sound wave is very small. The sound wave intensity received by the sound wave receiving transducer will be very strong, and the measurement is relatively more accurate. At the same time, the present invention fully considers the movement of the hull position during measurement, and the measurement result is more accurate.
[0013] It also includes a crossbar, which connects the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer in a row, and the length of the crossbar is greater than twice the width of the hull.
[0014] The beneficial effect is that the length of the crossbar can be selected according to the measurement width range required for the navigation of the hull to meet the measurement requirements.
[0015] During installation, the crossbar is located above the water; the sound wave transmitting port of the transmitting transducer is located underwater, while its body is located above the water; the sound wave receiving port of the receiving transducer is located underwater, while its body is located above the water.
[0016] The beneficial effect is that only the respective ports are located underwater, thus avoiding the resistance to the navigation of the hull caused by the respective bodies and the cross bars being located in the water.
[0017] The crossbar is composed of multiple sections, and the multiple sections can be telescopic or foldable.
[0018] The beneficial effect is that the volume can be reduced after being telescoped or folded, making it easy to carry and transport.
[0019] The sound wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer is downward and rearward, and the angle between the receiving transducer and the horizontal plane is α.
[0020] The beneficial effect is that no matter how deep the water is, since the seabed can be regarded as a plane with a high probability at the small area of sound wave reflection, the sound wave reflection angle and the sound wave receiving position are basically determined. Setting the sound wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer in this way can better ensure that the sound wave receiving transducer receives a strong reflected sound wave signal. Even if the seabed has a slope, since the positive and negative seabed slopes offset each other over a large range, the probability of a near-plane is still very high. Setting the sound wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer in this way can better ensure that the sound wave receiving transducer receives a strong reflected sound wave signal within a high probability range.
[0021] The upper ends of the mutually adapted transmitting transducer and receiving transducer are close together, the transmitting transducer is located in front of the receiving transducer, the transmitting transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave transmitting angle, and the receiving transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave receiving angle.
[0022] The beneficial effect is that the upper ends of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are close together, and the transmitting transducer is located in front of the receiving transducer, which ensures that the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are basically in the same position, and at the same time avoids the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer from colliding with each other when adjusting their respective angles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 . A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment; Figure 2 . Schematic diagram of the local amplification structure of the acoustic wave transmitting transducer and the acoustic wave receiving transducer; Figure 3 .Side structural diagram of the acoustic wave transmitting transducer and the acoustic wave receiving transducer; Figure 4 .Calculation principle diagram; Figure 5 . A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment; Figure 6 . Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of the sound wave transmitting transducer, the sound wave receiving transducer, and the cross bar.
[0024] In the figure: 1. sound wave transmitting transducer, 2. sound wave receiving transducer, 3. hull, 4. cross bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example
[0025] like Figure 1-4As shown, a marine depth measurement device based on the principle of acoustic wave reflection, characterized by including an acoustic wave transmitting transducer and an acoustic wave receiving transducer. Both the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are installed below the hull. The acoustic wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer is forward and downward, where the "forward" refers to the hull's navigation direction. Let the water depth be h, the angle between the acoustic wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer and the horizontal plane be α, the ship's navigation speed be v, the propagation speed of the acoustic wave in water be w, and the time interval between acoustic wave transmission and reception be t. Set α = arccos(v / w), and it can be obtained that h = (w×t / 2)×v / w.
[0026] The calculation principle is as Figure 4 As shown, let the water depth be h, the angle between the acoustic wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer and the horizontal plane be α, the ship's navigation speed be v, the propagation speed of the acoustic wave in water be w, and the time interval between acoustic wave transmission and reception be t. In the triangle formed by the incident route r of the acoustic wave, the reflection route f, and the distance j traveled by the hull within the time t, then cosα = (v×t / 2) / (w×t / 2) = v / w, α = arccos(v / w), and it can be obtained that h = (w×t / 2)×cosα = (w×t / 2)×v / w.
[0027] The acoustic wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer is backward and downward, and the angle with the horizontal plane is α.
[0028] The upper ends of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are close together. The transmitting transducer is located in front of the receiving transducer. The transmitting transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the acoustic wave transmitting angle, and the receiving transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the acoustic wave receiving angle. Embodiment
[0029] As Figure 4-6 As shown, a marine depth measurement device based on the principle of acoustic wave reflection, characterized by including n acoustic wave transmitting transducers and n acoustic wave receiving transducers. The n transmitting transducers are arranged in a row at a certain interval. The direction of the straight line where the row is located is perpendicular to the front-back direction of the hull. The length of the row is greater than the hull. One receiving transducer is adapted to each transmitting transducer. Both the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are installed below the hull. The acoustic wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer is forward and downward, where the "forward" refers to the hull's navigation direction. Let the water depth be h, the angle between the acoustic wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer and the horizontal plane be α, the ship's navigation speed be v, the propagation speed of the acoustic wave in water be w, and the time interval between acoustic wave transmission and reception be t. Set α = arccos(v / w), and it can be obtained that h = (w×t / 2)×v / w.
[0030] The calculation principle is as Figure 4As shown in the figure, let the water depth be h, the angle between the sound wave emission direction of the transmitting transducer and the horizontal plane be α, the sailing speed of the ship be v, the propagation speed of the sound wave in water be w, and the time interval between sound wave emission and reception be t. In the triangle formed by the incident route r of the sound wave, the reflection route f, and the distance j traveled by the hull within time t, then cosα = (v×t / 2) / (w×t / 2) = v / w, α = arccos(v / w), and it can be obtained that h = (w×t / 2)cosα = (w×t / 2)v / w.
[0031] It further includes a crossbar, and the crossbar connects the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer in a row, and the length of the crossbar is greater than twice the width of the hull.
[0032] During installation, the crossbar is located above the water; the sound wave emission port of the transmitting transducer is located below the water, while its body is located above the water; the sound wave reception port of the receiving transducer is located below the water, while its body is located above the water.
[0033] The crossbar is composed of multiple sections, and the multiple sections can be telescopic or foldable.
[0034] The sound wave reception direction of the receiving transducer is downward and backward, and the angle with the horizontal plane is α.
[0035] The upper ends of the mutually adapted transmitting transducer and receiving transducer are placed together. The transmitting transducer is located in front of the receiving transducer. The transmitting transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave emission angle, and the receiving transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave reception angle.
Claims
1. An ocean depth measurement device based on the principle of acoustic wave reflection, characterized in that, It includes a sound wave transmitting transducer and a sound wave receiving transducer. Both the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are installed under the hull. The sound wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer is downward and forward, where the forward direction refers to the hull navigation direction. Let the water depth be h, the angle between the sound wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer and the horizontal plane be α, the ship's navigation speed be v, the sound wave propagation speed in water be w, and the time interval between sound wave transmission and reception be t. Set α = arccos(v / w), and then h = (w×t / 2)×v / w.
2. The ocean depth measurement device based on the acoustic wave reflection principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer is downward and backward, and the angle with the horizontal plane is α.
3. The ocean depth measurement device based on the acoustic wave reflection principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ends of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are close together. The transmitting transducer is located in front of the receiving transducer. The transmitting transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave transmitting angle, and the receiving transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave receiving angle.
4. An ocean depth measurement device based on the principle of acoustic wave reflection, characterized in that, It includes n sound wave transmitting transducers and n sound wave receiving transducers. The n transmitting transducers are arranged in a row at a certain interval. The straight line direction of the row is perpendicular to the front-back direction of the hull. The length of the row is greater than the length of the hull. One receiving transducer is adapted to each transmitting transducer. Both the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are installed under the hull. The sound wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer is downward and forward, where the forward direction refers to the hull navigation direction. Let the water depth be h, the angle between the sound wave transmitting direction of the transmitting transducer and the horizontal plane be α, the ship's navigation speed be v, the sound wave propagation speed in water be w, and the time interval between sound wave transmission and reception be t. Set α = arccos(v / w), and then h = (w×t / 2)×v / w.
5. The marine depth measurement device based on the acoustic wave reflection principle according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes a cross bar, which connects the transmitting transducers and the receiving transducers in a row. The length of the cross bar is greater than twice the width of the hull.
6. The ocean depth measuring device based on the acoustic wave reflection principle according to claim 5, characterized in that, During installation, the cross bar is above the water; the sound wave transmitting port of the transmitting transducer is underwater, while its body is above the water; the sound wave receiving port of the receiving transducer is underwater, while its body is above the water.
7. The marine depth measurement device based on the acoustic wave reflection principle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cross bar is composed of multiple sections, and the multiple sections can be telescopic or foldable.
8. The ocean depth measuring device based on the acoustic wave reflection principle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sound wave receiving direction of the receiving transducer is downward and backward, and the angle with the horizontal plane is α.
9. The ocean depth measurement device based on the acoustic wave reflection principle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper ends of the mutually adapted transmitting transducer and receiving transducer are close together. The transmitting transducer is located in front of the receiving transducer. The transmitting transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave transmitting angle, and the receiving transducer can rotate around its upper end to adjust the sound wave receiving angle.