Lake water and sediment collection instrument and its container device based on water quality detection

Abstract

The present invention discloses a lake water and sediment sampling instrument based on water quality detection and its container device. This device uses an upper pressure block and a lower pressure block to discharge the liquid and gas in the sampling tube, forming a negative pressure environment in the sampling tube. The principle of negative pressure adsorption is used to prevent the sediment samples in the sampling tube from falling after the sampling is completed, thereby improving the success rate of sediment sampling. This device drives the baffle to close by the upper push rod and the lower push rod, while the upper pressure block and the lower pressure block enter the exhaust pipe, so that the exhaust pipe and the sampling pipe form a negative pressure, forming an integrated and synchronized sampling operation of water samples and sediment samples, thereby improving the sampling efficiency of the watershed water system. The container device proposed by the present invention can load multiple collectors in a centralized manner, and can collect multiple quantities at a single time at a fixed collection position. By sliding a strikeable counterweight block in the longitudinal sliding frame, one end of the sampling tube is inserted into the mud at the bottom of the lake by pulling and lowering the rope from the lake surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lake water and sediment sample collection, and in particular to a lake water and sediment collection instrument based on water quality detection and a container device thereof. Background Art

[0002] A river basin water system is a holistic entity comprised of physical, biological, biogeochemical, and human processes linked by the water cycle. The essence of its evolution lies in the interaction between water quantity, water quality, and aquatic ecology. Water quality testing of river basin water systems is crucial for their study. Currently, sampling devices for water quality testing must be capable of rapid and accurate sampling. With the increasing research on river basin water system testing, sampling the water quality of sediment-laden rivers or lakes requires sampling of the underwater sediment or simultaneously collecting both sediment and water from a single underwater sampling area. Existing sediment sampling operations are independent of water sampling, lacking synchronization and interoperability. Furthermore, existing sampling equipment, designed to maximize the number of samples collected during a single field operation, is bulky, making it difficult to use for small-scale collections. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lake water and sediment collection instrument based on water quality detection and its container device, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a lake water and sediment collection instrument based on water quality detection, comprising a water collection component, a drive linkage component and a sediment collection component;

[0005] The water collection component includes a water collection chamber, which is hollow inside. The bottoms of both ends of the water collection chamber are hinged with baffles for opening and closing the water collection chamber, and the lower ends of the baffles are fixedly connected to the fixed rod ends of the telescopic rods for rotating the baffles.

[0006] The driving linkage assembly includes: a pneumatic cylinder, a sliding plate, an upper push rod and a lower push rod. The pneumatic cylinder passes through the middle hole of the water collection bin, and the inner wall of the pneumatic cylinder is slidably connected to the pneumatic push rod. The pneumatic push rod can slide in the pneumatic cylinder under the push of the gas. The upper end of the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected to a vent pipe communicating with the interior thereof. The lower end of the pneumatic push rod is fixed with a sliding plate whose lateral ends are hinged to the upper push rod. The other end of the upper push rod is hinged to the lower push rod hinged on the bottom plate. The upper push rod is fixedly connected to the movable rod end of the telescopic rod.

[0007] The mud sampling assembly includes: a piston rod, an upper pressure block, a lower pressure block and a sampling cylinder. The upper end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding plate, and the lower end of the piston rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper pressure block. A plurality of drainage holes for discharging liquid are arranged on the surface of the upper pressure block at equal intervals along the circumference. A lower pressure block capable of contacting the sampling cylinder is coaxially fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the upper pressure block. The upper pressure block can contact and connect with the inner wall of the exhaust cylinder fixed on the bottom plate. The lower end of the exhaust cylinder is coaxially fixedly connected to the sampling cylinder used for mud sampling.

[0008] Preferably, the lower end of the pneumatic push rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the longitudinal connecting rod, and the lower end of the longitudinal connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding plate.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding plate is slidably mounted on the longitudinal slide rail, the upper end of the longitudinal slide rail is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water collection bin, and the lower end of the longitudinal slide rail passes through the sliding plate and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0010] A container device is used to centrally load lake water and sediment collectors based on water quality testing, including a fixed outer ring, a sling ring that can be detachably installed on the upper end of the water sampling bin, and the water sampling component, the drive linkage component and the mud sampling component can be detachably installed on the fixed outer ring through the sling ring. The fixed outer ring is annular and its inner wall is fixedly connected to the longitudinal sliding frame. A counterweight block for hitting and lowering the fixed outer ring is slidably installed in the longitudinal sliding frame, and the upper end of the counterweight block is fixedly connected to one end of a rope lowered from the lake surface.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the counterweight is half the height of the longitudinal sliding frame.

[0012] Preferably, a ventilation main pipe is fixedly arranged along the circumference of the fixed outer ring, and a plurality of air inlets are arranged on the ventilation main pipe, through which the ventilation main pipe can be connected and communicated with the ventilation pipe.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) The collector proposed in the present invention is compact and portable, and is convenient for collecting small amounts at a time. At the same time, it can collect large amounts at a time when combined with a container device, and can be freely changed according to work requirements.

[0015] (2) The collector proposed in the present invention uses an upper pressure block and a lower pressure block to discharge the liquid and gas in the sampling tube, so that a negative pressure environment is formed in the sampling tube. The principle of negative pressure adsorption is used to prevent the sediment sample from falling when the sampling tube rises after sampling is completed, thereby improving the success rate of sediment sampling.

[0016] (3) The collector proposed in the present invention drives the baffle to close through the upper push rod and the lower push rod, and at the same time, the upper pressure block and the lower pressure block enter the exhaust pipe, and form a negative pressure in the exhaust pipe and the sampling pipe, thereby realizing the simultaneous sampling of water samples and sediment samples, forming an integrated and linked sampling operation of water samples and sediment samples, and improving the sampling efficiency of the water system in the basin.

[0017] (4) The container device proposed in the present invention can load multiple collectors in a centralized manner, and can collect multiple quantities at a fixed collection location at a time. By sliding a strikeable counterweight block in the longitudinal sliding frame, one end of the sampling tube is inserted into the mud at the bottom of the lake by pulling and lowering a rope from the lake surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a lake water and sediment collector based on water quality detection according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lake water and sediment sampling instrument based on water quality detection according to Example 1 of the present invention, with the water sampling chamber removed;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the initial state of the lake water and sediment collector based on water quality detection according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the lake water and sediment collector based on water quality detection according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a container device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ventilation main pipe of a container device in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Water sampling tank, 101. Rope ring, 102. Air pressure cylinder, 103. Ventilation pipe, 104. Air pressure push rod, 105. Longitudinal connecting rod, 106. Sliding plate, 107. Longitudinal slide rail, 108. Upper push rod, 1081. Lower push rod, 109. Telescopic rod, 110. Baffle, 201. Piston rod, 202. Upper pressure block, 203. Drain hole, 204. Lower pressure block, 205. Exhaust pipe, 206. Sampling tube, 207. Bottom plate, 301. Fixed outer ring, 302. Connecting plate, 303. Sliding frame, 304. Counterweight, 305. Limit plate, 307. Ventilation main pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: Figure 1-4 As shown, in order to realize the sampling functions of sediment sampling and water sample sampling of the device, a lake water and sediment collector based on water quality detection is proposed, including a water sampling component, a driving linkage component and a mud sampling component;

[0027] The water collection component includes: a water collection tank 1, and a lifting rope ring 101 is detachably installed on the upper end of the water collection tank 1 through bolts. The lifting rope ring 101 is U-shaped. A rope can be tied to the lifting rope ring 101 through the lifting rope ring 101, and the device can be extended into rivers and lakes through the rope.

[0028] The water collection tank 1 is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and its interior is set to a cavity shape, with water inlets at both ends. The bottom of both ends of the water collection tank 1 is hinged to a baffle 110 for opening and closing the water collection tank 1. The baffle 110 is set at an angle. By setting the baffle 110, the water inlets on both sides of the water collection tank 1 can be opened and closed. The lower end of the baffle 110 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod end of the telescopic rod 109, with the hinge point of the baffle 110 and the water collection tank 1 as the midpoint. The baffle 110 is located above the hinge point, and the telescopic rod 109 is located below the hinge point. The baffle 110 and the telescopic rod 109 are located on the same diameter with the hinge point as the center of the circle. In the initial state, the baffle 110 is in an open state, and its surface does not contact the surface of the water collection tank 1. The water inlets on both sides of the water collection tank 1 are not blocked by the baffle 110. When the water collection tank 1 is extended into the river, its interior will be filled with water.

[0029] The driving linkage assembly includes: a pneumatic cylinder 102, a sliding plate 106, an upper push rod 108 and a lower push rod 1081. A central hole corresponding to the pneumatic cylinder 102 is set in the middle of the water collection tank 1. The central hole is cylindrical and is provided with a retaining wall. External water flow cannot flow into the water collection tank 1 through the central hole. The lower end of the pneumatic cylinder 102 passes through the central hole of the water collection tank 1 and is fixedly connected thereto. The pneumatic cylinder 102 is a hollow cylinder. The inner wall of the pneumatic cylinder 102 is slidably connected to the pneumatic push rod 104. The pneumatic push rod 104 is a cylinder corresponding to the pneumatic cylinder 102. The pneumatic push rod 104 can slide longitudinally in the pneumatic cylinder 102. This structure is similar to the needle tube technology in the prior art. The upper end of the pneumatic cylinder 102 is fixedly connected to the ventilation tube 103 and is communicated with the ventilation tube 103. The pneumatic push rod 104 is located at the upper end of the pneumatic cylinder 102 in the initial state. When gas is introduced into the pneumatic cylinder 102 through the ventilation tube 103, the pressure generated by the gas can push the pneumatic push rod 104 to move downward in the pneumatic cylinder 102. When the gas in the pneumatic cylinder 102 is extracted through the ventilation tube 103, the air pressure between the pneumatic cylinder 102 and the pneumatic push rod 104 decreases, the pneumatic push rod 104 is gradually adsorbed and rises, and returns to its starting position.

[0030] When the device is placed in water, the length of the vent tube 103 is the same as the length of the rope. When the device is completely placed in water, one end of the vent tube 103 is exposed outside the water, making it easy for the operator to pass gas into the vent tube 103.

[0031] The lower end of the pneumatic push rod 104 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the longitudinal connecting rod 105, and the lower end of the longitudinal connecting rod 105 extends out of the pneumatic cylinder 102 and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding plate 106. The sliding plate 106 is slidably installed on the longitudinal slide rail 107. The upper end of the longitudinal slide rail 107 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water collection tank 1, and the lower end of the longitudinal slide rail 107 passes through the sliding plate 106 and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 207. The surface of the longitudinal slide rail 107 is slidably connected to the sliding plate 106. The longitudinal slide rail 107 consists of two pieces, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the pneumatic cylinder 102. When moving, the pneumatic push rod 104 can drive the sliding plate 106 to slide along the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail 107.

[0032] The two ends of the sliding plate 106 are respectively hinged to the upper end of the upper push rod 108, the lower end of the upper push rod 108 is hinged to the upper end of the lower push rod 1081, and the lower end of the lower push rod 1081 is hinged on the bottom plate 207. When the sliding plate 106 slides downward along the longitudinal slide rail 107, the sliding plate 106 applies a thrust to the upper push rod 108 hinged thereto, and the hinge point of the sliding plate 106 and the upper push rod 108 moves downward at the same time. The upper end of the upper push rod 108 moves downward, and the lower end of the upper push rod 108 is also forced to move downward. However, since the lower end of the upper push rod 108 is hinged to the upper end of the lower push rod 1081, the lower end of the upper push rod 108 will be subject to the limiting force from the lower push rod 1081, and the upper push rod 108 will move around its joint with the lower push rod 1 081 rotates clockwise, and the lower end of the lower push rod 1081 will also rotate counterclockwise around the hinge point of the lower push rod 1081 and the base plate 207 when it is pushed by the upper push rod 108. As the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 rotate, the angle between the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 will gradually become smaller. Since the hinge point of the upper push rod 108 and the sliding plate 106 and the hinge point of the lower push rod 1081 and the base plate 207 will not change in lateral position, and the length of the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 will not change, the hinge point of the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 will move in an arc trajectory away from the sliding plate 106 when the upper push rod 108 moves.

[0033] The upper push rod 108 is fixedly connected to the movable rod end of the telescopic rod 109 near the hinge point of the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081, and the movable rod end of the telescopic rod 109 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the baffle 110. When the hinge point of the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 is forced to move, the upper push rod 108 drives the movable rod end of the telescopic rod 109 to move. The moving state of the telescopic rod 109 is: the movable rod end of the telescopic rod 109 is forced to move and drive the baffle 110 to move, but since the baffle 110 is hinged to the water collection bin 1, the telescopic rod 109 and the baffle 110 can only rotate around the hinge point of the baffle 110 and the water collection bin 1. When the telescopic rod 109 rotates, its movable rod end will be pushed by the upper push rod 108 and extend. When the telescopic rod 109 rotates, it drives the baffle 110 to rotate. The baffle 110 rotates until one side surface thereof contacts the water collection chamber 1 . The baffle 110 blocks the water inlet of the water collection chamber 1 , thereby closing the water collection chamber 1 .

[0034] In order to realize the collection function of the sediment sample of the present device, the mud sampling assembly includes: a piston rod 201, an upper pressing block 202, a lower pressing block 204 and a sampling tube 206. The lower surface of the sliding plate 106 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the piston rod 201, and the lower end of the piston rod 201 is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper pressing block 202. When the sliding plate 106 moves, it can drive the piston rod 201 to move synchronously, thereby driving the upper pressing block 202 to move. The upper pressing block 202 can extend into the exhaust pipe 205, and the side wall of the upper pressing block 202 can be in contact with the inner surface of the exhaust pipe 205. The surface of the upper pressing block 202 is equidistant. Three drainage holes 203 are provided, and the drainage holes 203 can discharge the liquid and air in the exhaust cylinder 205 and the sampling cylinder 206. The lower surface of the upper pressing block 202 is coaxially fixedly provided with a lower pressing block 204, and the lower pressing block 204 can cover the sampling cylinder 206. The lower surface of the lower pressing block 204 can be in contact with and connected to the upper end of the sampling cylinder 206. The lower end of the exhaust cylinder 205 is coaxially fixedly connected to the sampling cylinder 206. Both are hollow tubes. The diameter of the exhaust cylinder 205 is larger than that of the sampling cylinder 206. The exhaust cylinder 205 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 207. The sampling cylinder 206 adopts a PVC tube.

[0035] When the piston rod 201 moves, it drives the upper pressing block 202 and the lower pressing block 204 to move synchronously. First, the lower pressing block 204 enters the exhaust cylinder 205, and then the upper pressing block 202 enters the exhaust cylinder 205. The surface of the upper pressing block 202 contacts the inner wall of the exhaust cylinder 205. As the piston rod 201 continues to move downward, the upper pressing block 202 and the lower pressing block 204 continue to move downward. When the upper pressing block 202 and the lower pressing block 204 move downward, the liquid and air in the exhaust cylinder 205 and the sampling cylinder 206 are squeezed and discharged from the drainage hole 203 on the upper pressing block 202 until the lower surface of the lower pressing block 204 contacts the upper end of the sampling cylinder 206. At this time, the liquid and air in the sampling cylinder 206 are completely discharged and a negative pressure state is formed. The sediment sample in the sampling cylinder 206 will not fall under the adsorption force of the negative pressure.

[0036] Working principle:

[0037] The operator places the device in the water through a rope. Under the influence of its own weight and gravity, the sampling tube 206 in the device gradually contacts the bottom of the river and extends into the mud layer. Since the sampling tube 206 is hollow and the mud at the bottom of the river is soft, the interior of the sampling tube 206 will be filled with mud when inserted into the mud layer. The water sampling tank 1 is in a water-flowing state at this time, and when it is extended into the river, its interior will be filled with water.

[0038] First, when the operator introduces gas into the pressure cylinder 102 through the ventilation pipe 103, the pressure generated by the gas can push the pressure push rod 104 to move downward in the pressure cylinder 102. When the pressure push rod 104 moves, it drives the sliding plate 106 to slide along the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail 107. When the sliding plate 106 slides downward along the longitudinal slide rail 107, the sliding plate 106 applies a thrust to the upper push rod 108 hinged thereto, and the hinge point of the sliding plate 106 and the upper push rod 108 moves downward at the same time. The upper end of the upper push rod 108 moves downward, and the lower end of the upper push rod 108 is also forced to move downward. However, since the lower end of the upper push rod 108 is hinged to the upper end of the lower push rod 1081, the lower end of the upper push rod 108 will be restricted by the lower push rod 1081 When the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 are subjected to the thrust from the upper push rod 108, the upper push rod 108 rotates clockwise around the hinge point between the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081, and the lower end of the lower push rod 1081 also rotates counterclockwise around the hinge point between the lower push rod 1081 and the base plate 207 when the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 are subjected to the thrust from the upper push rod 108. As the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 rotate, the rotation inclination angle of the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 will gradually become smaller. Since the hinge point between the upper push rod 108 and the sliding plate 106 and the hinge point between the lower push rod 1081 and the base plate 207 will not change in the lateral position, and the length of the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 will not change, the hinge point between the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 will move in an arc trajectory away from the sliding plate 106 when the upper push rod 108 moves.

[0039] When the hinge point of the upper push rod 108 and the lower push rod 1081 is forced to move, the upper push rod 108 drives the movable rod end of the telescopic rod 109 to move. The moving state of the telescopic rod 109 is as follows: the movable rod end of the telescopic rod 109 is forced to move, and drives the baffle 110 to move. However, because the baffle 110 is hinged to the water sampling chamber 1, the telescopic rod 109 and the baffle 110 can only rotate around the hinge point of the baffle 110 and the water sampling chamber 1. When the telescopic rod 109 rotates, its movable rod end is extended by the thrust of the upper push rod 108. When the telescopic rod 109 rotates, it drives the baffle 110 to rotate. The baffle 110 rotates until one side of the baffle 110 contacts the water sampling chamber 1. The baffle 110 blocks the water inlet of the water sampling chamber 1, closing the water sampling chamber 1 and completing the sampling of water samples.

[0040] When the piston rod 201 moves downward, the upper and lower pressure blocks 202 and 204 are pressed downward, and the liquid in the exhaust cylinder 205 and the sampling cylinder 206 is squeezed and discharged from the drainage hole 203 on the upper pressure block 202 until the lower surface of the lower pressure block 204 contacts the upper end of the sampling cylinder 206. At this time, the liquid and air in the sampling cylinder 206 are completely discharged and a negative pressure state is formed. The sediment sample in the sampling cylinder 206 will not fall under the adsorption force of the negative pressure.

[0041] Example 2: Figure 5 、 6 As shown: The present invention proposes a container device that can centrally load the multiple collectors proposed in Example 1, and can perform a single multi-volume collection operation. When it is necessary to sample multiple groups of water samples and sediment samples in the same sampling area, the water sampling component, the drive linkage component and the mud sampling component can be detachably connected to the fixed outer ring 301 through the sling ring 101. The fixed outer ring 301 is annular and is provided with a cylindrical notch corresponding to the air pressure cylinder 102. A ventilation main pipe 307 is fixedly provided inside the fixed outer ring 301 along its circumference. The ventilation main pipe 307 is provided with multiple air inlets, and the ventilation main pipe 307 can be connected and communicated with the ventilation pipe 103 through the air inlets.

[0042] The inner wall of the fixed outer ring 301 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate 302, and the other end of the connecting plate 302 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal sliding frame 303. A counterweight block 304 for hitting and lowering the fixed outer ring 301 is slidably installed in the longitudinal sliding frame 303. A limit block for limiting the maximum moving distance of the counterweight block 304 is fixedly provided on the longitudinal sliding frame 303. The height of the counterweight block 304 is half the height of the longitudinal sliding frame 303. A rope is fixedly connected to the upper end of the counterweight block 304. The counterweight block 304 can slide along the extension direction of the longitudinal sliding frame 303. The remaining features are the same as those in Example 1.

[0043] According to sampling requirements, the sampling personnel insert a number of air pressure cylinders 102 on the water sampling chamber 1 from bottom to top into the cylindrical notch at the lower end of the fixed outer ring 301, connect the water sampling chamber 1 with the fixed outer ring 301 through the hanging rope ring 101, and connect the air pressure cylinder 102 with the air inlet on the ventilation main pipe 307, thereby achieving communication between the ventilation main pipe 307 and the air pressure cylinder 102 and connection between the fixed outer ring 301 and the air pressure cylinder 102;

[0044] After the lifting device 303 is lifted up, the lifting device 303 is lifted up, and the lifting device 303 is lifted up, and the lifting device 303 is lifted up. After the sampling tube 206 is inserted into the mud and sand, air is transported into the ventilation main pipe 307 to enable the water sampling component, the driving linkage component and the mud sampling component to work, thereby completing the sampling of multiple groups of samples in the same sampling area.

[0045] Working principle:

[0046] When it is necessary to collect multiple groups of water samples and sediment samples from the same sampling area, the sampling personnel insert a number of air pressure cylinders 102 on the water sampling chamber 1 from bottom to top into the cylindrical notch at the lower end of the fixed outer ring 301 according to the sampling requirements, connect the water sampling chamber 1 with the fixed outer ring 301 through the hanging rope ring 101, and connect the air pressure cylinder 102 with the air inlet on the ventilation main pipe 307, so as to realize the communication between the ventilation main pipe 307 and the air pressure cylinder 102 and the connection between the fixed outer ring 301 and the air pressure cylinder 102;

[0047] After the lifting device 303 is lifted up, the lifting device 303 is lifted up, and the lifting device 303 is lifted up, and the lifting device 303 is lifted up. After the sampling tube 206 is inserted into the mud and sand, air is transported into the ventilation main pipe 307 to enable the water sampling component, the driving linkage component and the mud sampling component to work, thereby completing the sampling of multiple groups of samples in the same sampling area.

[0048] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Lake water and sediment collection instrument based on water quality detection, characterized by: It includes water collection components, driving linkage components and mud collection components; The water collection component comprises a water collection chamber (1), the interior of the water collection chamber (1) is a hollow chamber, the bottoms of both ends of the water collection chamber (1) are respectively hinged to baffles (110) for opening and closing the water collection chamber (1), and the lower end of the baffle (110) is fixedly connected to the fixed rod end of a telescopic rod (109) for rotating the baffle (110); The driving linkage assembly comprises: a pneumatic cylinder (102), a sliding plate (106), an upper push rod (108) and a lower push rod (1081); the pneumatic cylinder (102) passes through the middle hole of the water collection chamber (1), and the inner wall of the pneumatic cylinder (102) is slidably connected to the pneumatic push rod (104); the pneumatic push rod (104) can slide in the pneumatic cylinder (102) under the pushing action of gas; the upper end of the pneumatic cylinder (102) is fixedly connected to a vent pipe (103) communicating with the interior thereof; the lower end of the pneumatic push rod (104) is fixed with a sliding plate (106) whose two lateral ends are hinged to the upper push rod (108); the other end of the upper push rod (108) is hinged to the lower push rod (1081) hinged on the bottom plate (207); the upper push rod (108) is fixedly connected to the movable rod end of the telescopic rod (109); The mud sampling component comprises: a piston rod (201), an upper pressing block (202), a lower pressing block (204) and a sampling tube (206); the upper end of the piston rod (201) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding plate (106); the lower end of the piston rod (201) is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper pressing block (202); a plurality of drainage holes (203) for discharging liquid are arranged on the surface of the upper pressing block (202) at equal intervals along the circumference; a lower pressing block (204) capable of contacting the sampling tube (206) is coaxially fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the upper pressing block (202); the upper pressing block (202) is capable of contacting and connecting with the inner wall of an exhaust tube (205) fixed on a bottom plate (207); and the lower end of the exhaust tube (205) is coaxially fixedly connected to the sampling tube (206) for mud sampling.

2. The lake water and sediment collector based on water quality detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower end of the pneumatic push rod (104) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the longitudinal connecting rod (105), and the lower end of the longitudinal connecting rod (105) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding plate (106).

3. The lake water and sediment collector based on water quality detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding plate (106) is slidably mounted on the longitudinal slide rail (107), the upper end of the longitudinal slide rail (107) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water collection bin (1), and the lower end of the longitudinal slide rail (107) passes through the sliding plate (106) and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (207).

4. A container device for centrally loading the lake water and sediment collector based on water quality detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed outer ring (301), a lifting rope ring (101) detachably mounted on the upper end of a water collection chamber (1), a water collection component, a driving linkage component and a mud collection component detachably mounted on the fixed outer ring (301) via the lifting rope ring (101), the fixed outer ring (301) being annular and having an inner wall fixedly connected to a longitudinal sliding frame (303), a counterweight (304) for striking and lowering the fixed outer ring (301) being slidably mounted in the longitudinal sliding frame (303), and the upper end of the counterweight (304) being fixedly connected to one end of a rope lowered from the lake surface.

5. A container device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the counterweight (304) is half the height of the longitudinal sliding frame (303).

6. A container device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A ventilation main pipe (307) is fixedly arranged along the circumference of the fixed outer ring (301), and a plurality of air inlets are arranged on the ventilation main pipe (307), through which the ventilation main pipe (307) can be connected and communicated with the ventilation pipe (103).

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