Carbon emission metering and testing system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon emission metering and testing system and method.The system comprises a leather dragging pipe, one end of a pitot pipe is used for being inserted into a flue, and the end, located in the flue, of the pitot pipe is provided with a drainage opening so that smoke in the flue can be led into the leather dragging pipe; the other end of the pitot tube is communicated with a first channel gas circuit, the first channel gas circuit is connected to a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor transmits detected data to a data processing displayer. The current carbon dioxide concentration situation in the flue can be detected in real time through the carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and parameters such as the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate and the temperature are synchronously collected, so that real-time detection of carbon emission is achieved, and improvement and traceability of carbon data quality are facilitated. According to the method, the measurement time of the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate, the temperature and the like is kept consistent, and the deviation caused by the dislocation of the measurement time of each parameter is avoided when the carbon dioxide emission is calculated, so that the test result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a test system, and particularly to a carbon emission measurement test system and method. Background Art

[0002] Fuel combustion is the most important carbon emission source in modern industrial enterprises. Due to various factors such as the source of raw fuels, product varieties, and quantity changes, the complexity of calculating carbon emissions has increased, and sometimes the accuracy of carbon emission measurement is questioned. Therefore, simple and reliable carbon emission measurement and detection means are necessary for accurate accounting of enterprise carbon emissions.

[0003] Taking the ceramic industry as an example, it is estimated that the current total energy consumption is 40 million - 60 million tons of standard coal per year, the direct carbon dioxide emissions are 90 - 140 million tons per year, and the indirect emissions are about 40 million tons per year. While developing rapidly, it consumes huge amounts of energy and generates large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions. As the most important thermal equipment and carbon emission equipment, industrial kilns, spray drying towers, etc. have always been the focus of energy conservation and carbon reduction work in the ceramic industry. The energy consumption and carbon emissions of industrial kilns, spray drying towers, etc. account for about 80% of the ceramic production process. Proposing a carbon emission measurement test system and method to carry out carbon emission measurement tests on key energy - consuming and emission - generating equipment or units has important practical significance for enterprise energy conservation and carbon reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above - mentioned prior art and provide a carbon emission measurement test system and method to carry out carbon emission tests.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a carbon emission measurement test system, including a pitot tube. One end of the pitot tube is used to be inserted into the flue. The end of the pitot tube located inside the flue is provided with a drainage port to introduce the flue gas inside the flue into the pitot tube. The other end of the pitot tube is connected to a first - channel gas path, and the first - channel gas path is connected to a carbon dioxide concentration sensor. The carbon dioxide concentration sensor transmits the detected data to a data processing display.

[0007] Optionally, the other end of the pitot tube is connected to a second - channel gas path, and the second - channel gas path is connected to a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor transmits the detected data to the data processing display.

[0008] Optionally, the drainage opening includes a front drainage opening and a side drainage opening; the inner part of the leather drag pipe is divided into a front drainage channel communicating with the front drainage opening and a side drainage channel communicating with the side drainage opening; the first channel gas path and the second channel gas path are communicated with the front drainage channel or the side drainage channel; the front drainage opening is opposite to the gas flow direction in the flue, and the side drainage opening is opposite to the inner wall of the flue.

[0009] Optionally, one end of the front drainage channel is communicated with the third channel gas path, the third channel gas path is in a U shape, and the other end is communicated with the side drainage channel. A differential pressure sensor is installed in the third channel gas path, and the differential pressure sensor transmits the detected data to the data processing display.

[0010] Optionally, the carbon emission measurement and test system further includes:

[0011] A cross-sectional area measurement unit for measuring the geometric parameters of the flue cross-section; the cross-sectional area measurement unit transmits the measured data to the data processing display.

[0012] Optionally, the carbon emission measurement and test system further includes:

[0013] A position control unit for adjusting and controlling the position of the pitot tube.

[0014] Optionally, the first channel gas path, the second channel gas path, and the third channel gas path are integrated into a multi-channel gas path.

[0015] Optionally, the carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the temperature sensor, and the differential pressure sensor are integrated in the data processing display.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a carbon emission measurement and test method. Based on the above test system, the method includes:

[0017] S1. Selection of measurement point positions, including:

[0018] For a flue with a circular cross-section: Using the equal-area concentric ring method, divide a circular pipe with an inner diameter of D into several concentric rings with equal areas; then divide each ring into two equal parts by a concentric circle, and then measure at the intersection of the divided circle and two mutually perpendicular centerlines;

[0019] The distance from the flue center to each measurement point is calculated according to formula (1):

[0020]

[0021] In the formula:

[0022] r 2n-1 —— The distance from the nth measurement point to the flue center;

[0023] D——Inner diameter of the flue

[0024] n——Serial number of the equal-area concentric circles measured from the center of the flue

[0025] N——Number of equal-area rings, related to the flue diameter

[0026] S2. According to the selection of the measuring point positions, the following measurements are carried out respectively:

[0027] Flow velocity of the gas:

[0028] The dynamic pressure heads at each point on the cross-section are measured by a Pitot tube, and the flow velocities u1, u2, u3... u at each measuring point are obtained n , and then the average flow velocity u of the fluid at this cross-section is obtained and calculated according to formula (2):

[0029]

[0030] In the formula:

[0031] u——Average flow velocity of the fluid at the cross-section

[0032] ε——Correction coefficient of the Pitot tube

[0033] p1, p2,... p n ——Dynamic pressure heads at each measuring point

[0034] ρ1, ρ2,... ρ n ——Gas densities at each measuring point, calculated according to formula (3):

[0035] ρ n =ρ0×273.15 / (273.15 + t n )…………………(3)

[0036] In the formula:

[0037] t n ——Gas temperatures at each measuring point

[0038] ρ0——Gas density under standard conditions, calculated according to formula (4):

[0039] ρ0 = ∑x i ·ρ 0i …………………(4)

[0040] In the formula:

[0041] x i ——Volume fractions of each gas component

[0042] ρ 0i ——Densities of each gas component under standard conditions

[0043] Carbon dioxide concentration in the gas:

[0044] The carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to measure the carbon dioxide concentration and can calculate the carbon dioxide concentrations C1, C2, C3... C of the fluid at each measuring point n , and then obtain the average carbon dioxide concentration C of the fluid at this cross-section, which is calculated according to formula (5):

[0045] C = (C1 + C2 + C3 + … C n ) / n …………… (5)

[0046] Carbon dioxide flow rate:

[0047] The carbon dioxide flow rate under actual conditions is calculated according to formula (6):

[0048] V = A · u · C …………… (6)

[0049] Where:

[0050] V —— Carbon dioxide flow rate under actual conditions;

[0051] A —— Cross-sectional area of the flue;

[0052] The carbon dioxide flow rate under standard conditions is calculated according to formula (7):

[0053] V0 = A · u · C × 273.15 / (273.15 + t) × (101325 + p t ) / 101325 … (7)

[0054] Where:

[0055] V0 —— Carbon dioxide flow rate under standard conditions;

[0056] p t —— Gas pressure at the actual temperature in the flue;

[0057] Optionally, the selection of the measuring point positions further includes:

[0058] For a flue with a rectangular cross-section: The cross-section is divided into several small rectangles with equal areas, and parameters such as flue gas flow velocity, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration are measured at the intersection points of the diagonals of each small rectangle.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0060] 1) The current situation of the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue can be detected in real time through the carbon dioxide concentration sensor;

[0061] 2) By keeping the measurement times of carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas temperature, flow rate, etc. consistent, the deviation caused by the misalignment of the measurement times of various parameters is avoided when calculating the carbon dioxide emissions, thus making the measurement result of the carbon emission data more accurate;

[0062] 3) It can realize the real-time detection of carbon emissions, which helps to improve the quality of carbon data and traceability. Description of the Drawings

[0063] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the carbon emission measurement and test system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the third-channel gas path, the front drainage channel and the side drainage channel;

[0065] Figure 3 It is a distribution diagram of measuring points on the cross-section of a circular flue;

[0066] Figure 4 It is the distance from each measuring point on the circular flue to the pipe wall;

[0067] Figure 5 It is a distribution diagram of measuring points on the cross-section of a rectangular flue;

[0068] In the figure: 1, Pitot tube; 11, front drainage port; 12, side drainage port; 2, data processing display; 21, carbon dioxide concentration sensor; 22, temperature sensor; 23, differential pressure sensor; 3, position control unit; 4, cross-sectional area measurement unit; 5, multi-channel gas path. Detailed Embodiments

[0069] Embodiment:

[0070] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0071] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the carbon emission measurement and test system provided in this embodiment mainly includes a Pitot tube 1. One end of the Pitot tube is used to be inserted into the flue. The end of the Pitot tube located in the flue is provided with a drainage port to introduce the flue gas in the flue into the Pitot tube; the other end of the Pitot tube 1 is communicated with the first-channel gas path, and the first-channel gas path is connected to the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 21, and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 21 transmits the detected data to the data processing display 2.

[0072] In this way, the current status of the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue can be detected in real time through the carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and the current status of the carbon dioxide concentration can be displayed in real time through the data processing display, so as to realize the real-time detection of carbon emissions, which helps to improve the quality and traceability of carbon data.

[0073] In a specific embodiment, the other end of the Pitot tube is connected to the second channel gas path, and the second channel gas path is connected to the temperature sensor 22. The temperature sensor 22 transmits the detected data to the data processing display 2, so that the temperature of the introduced flue gas can be detected. The diversion port includes a front diversion port 11 and a side diversion port 12; correspondingly, the inner part of the Pitot tube is divided into a front diversion channel connected to the front diversion port and a side diversion channel connected to the side diversion port; the first channel gas path and the second channel gas path are connected to the front diversion channel or the side diversion channel. That is to say, the objects detected by the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 22 can be the flue gas introduced from the front diversion port 11 or the side diversion port 12; the front diversion port is opposite to the gas flow direction in the flue, and the side diversion port is opposite to the inner wall of the flue. As shown in FIG. 2, one end of the front diversion channel is connected to the third channel gas path, and the third channel gas path is U-shaped, and the other end is connected to the side diversion channel. A differential pressure sensor is installed in the third channel gas path, and the differential pressure sensor transmits the detected data to the data processing display. The differential pressure sensor obtains the gas flow rate by detecting the pressure difference between the front diversion port (total gas pressure) and the side diversion port (static pressure).

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, the carbon emission measurement and testing system further includes a cross-sectional area measurement unit 4 for measuring the geometric parameters of the flue cross-section; the cross-sectional area measurement unit 4 transmits the measured data to the data processing display 2. In this way, the outer diameter of the flue can be measured by the cross-sectional area measurement unit 4, and the cross-sectional area of the flue can be obtained by subtracting the wall thickness of the flue.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the carbon emission measurement and testing system further includes a position control unit 3 for adjusting and controlling the position of the Pitot tube 1, so as to detect the carbon dioxide concentration, flow rate and temperature at different position points inside, so as to ensure the accuracy of the detection results.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, the first channel gas path, the second channel gas path and the third channel gas path are integrated into a multi-channel gas path 5; the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 21, the differential pressure sensor 22 and the temperature sensor 23 are integrated in the data processing display 2. In this way, the whole system can be made more concise.

[0077] Correspondingly, this embodiment also provides a carbon emission measurement and testing method. Based on the above testing system, the method includes:

[0078] S1. Selection of measuring point positions, including:

[0079] For a flue with a circular cross-section: As Figure 3 shown, using the equal-area concentric ring method, divide a circular pipe with an inner diameter of D into several concentric rings with equal areas; then divide each ring into two equal parts by a concentric circle, and then measure at the intersection points of the divided circle and two mutually perpendicular center lines;

[0080] The distance from the flue center to each measuring point is calculated according to formula (1):

[0081]

[0082] Where:

[0083] r 2n-1 —— The distance from the nth measuring point to the flue center;

[0084] D—— Inner diameter of the flue;

[0085] n—— Serial number of the equal-area concentric circles counted from the flue center;

[0086] N—— Number of equal-area rings, related to the flue diameter; generally, it can be determined according to Table 1.

[0087] Table 1 Selection of the number of rings and measuring points

[0088] Pipe diameter D / mm 300 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Number of equal-area circular rings N 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total number of measuring points 6 8 20 24 28 32 36 40 44

[0089] When in use, determine the number of measuring points according to Table 1, and multiply the corresponding number in Table 2 by the pipe radius to obtain the distance from the pipe wall to the measuring point, as shown in Figure 4 . Mark and measure on the Pitot tube according to these calculated data for one-to-one correspondence during measurement.

[0090] Table 2 Calculation table of measuring point positions

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Note:

[0094] L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6—— Distances from each measuring point to the pipe wall, unit: millimeter (mm)

[0095] For a flue with a rectangular cross-section: As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the equal - area small rectangle method is adopted. The cross - section is divided into several small rectangles with equal areas, and the measurement is carried out at the intersection of the diagonals of each small rectangle. In the figure, a is the length of the equal - area small rectangle, with the unit of millimeter (mm); b is the width of the equal - area small rectangle, with the unit of millimeter (mm). The number of small rectangles depends on the side length of the pipeline. The number of small rectangles (the number of rows of measuring points) evenly distributed along any side length of the pipeline should generally not be less than the values listed in Table 3.

[0096] Table 3 Selection of the number of measuring points for rectangular pipelines

[0097]

[0098] S2. According to the selection of the measuring point positions, the following measurements are carried out respectively:

[0099] Flow velocity of the gas:

[0100] The dynamic pressure heads at each point on the cross - section are measured by the pitot tube, and the flow velocities u1, u2, u3... u of the fluid at each measuring point are obtained. n , and then the average flow velocity u of the fluid at this cross - section is obtained and calculated according to formula (2):

[0101]

[0102] In the formula:

[0103] u —— The average flow velocity of the fluid at the cross - section;

[0104] ε —— The correction coefficient of the pitot tube. For a standard pitot tube, ε = 1;

[0105] p1, p2,... p n —— The dynamic pressure heads at each measuring point;

[0106] ρ1, ρ2,... ρ n —— The gas densities at each measuring point, calculated according to formula (3);

[0107] ρ n = ρ0×273.15 / (273.15 + t n )…………………(3)

[0108] In the formula:

[0109] t n —— The gas temperature at each measuring point;

[0110] ρ0 —— The gas density under standard conditions, calculated according to formula (4);

[0111] ρ0 = ∑x i ·ρ 0i …………………(4)

[0112] In the formula:

[0113] x i —— Volume fraction of each gas component;

[0114] ρ 0i —— Density of each gas component under standard conditions;

[0115] Carbon dioxide concentration in the gas:

[0116] The carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to measure the carbon dioxide concentration, and can obtain the carbon dioxide concentrations C1, C2, C3... C n at each measuring point of the fluid, and then obtain the average carbon dioxide concentration C of the fluid at this cross-section, which is calculated according to formula (5):

[0117] C = (C1 + C2 + C3 + … C n ) / n …………… (5)

[0118] Carbon dioxide flow rate:

[0119] The carbon dioxide flow rate under actual conditions is calculated according to formula (6):

[0120] V = A · u · C …………… (6)

[0121] In the formula:

[0122] V —— Carbon dioxide flow rate under actual conditions;

[0123] A —— Cross-sectional area of the flue;

[0124] The carbon dioxide flow rate under standard conditions is calculated according to formula (7):

[0125] V0 = A · u · C × 273.15 / (273.15 + t) × (101325 + p t ) / 101325 …… (7)

[0126] In the formula:

[0127] V0 —— Carbon dioxide flow rate under standard conditions;

[0128] p t —— Gas pressure at the actual temperature in the flue;

[0129] In this way, through the above method steps, the measurement times of carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow velocity, temperature, etc. are kept consistent, and the deviation caused by the misalignment of the measurement times of each parameter is avoided when calculating the carbon dioxide emission amount, so that the test result is more accurate.

[0130] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention. The purpose is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the content of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon emission measurement and testing system, characterized in that, It includes a pitot tube. One end of the pitot tube is used to be inserted into the flue. A drainage port is arranged at the end of the pitot tube located in the flue to introduce the flue gas in the flue into the pitot tube. The other end of the pitot tube is communicated with a first-channel gas path, and the first-channel gas path is connected to a carbon dioxide concentration sensor. The carbon dioxide concentration sensor transmits the detected data to a data processing display.

2. The carbon emission measurement and testing system according to claim 1, wherein The other end of the pitot tube is communicated with a second-channel gas path, and the second-channel gas path is connected to a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor transmits the detected data to the data processing display.

3. The carbon emission measurement and testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that The drainage port includes a front drainage port and a side drainage port. The inner part of the pitot tube is divided into a front drainage channel communicated with the front drainage port and a side drainage channel communicated with the side drainage port. The first-channel gas path and the second-channel gas path are communicated with the front drainage channel or the side drainage channel. The front drainage port is opposite to the gas flow direction in the flue, and the side drainage port is opposite to the inner wall of the flue.

4. The carbon emission measurement and testing system according to claim 3, wherein, One end of the front drainage channel is communicated with a third-channel gas path. The third-channel gas path is in a U shape, and the other end is communicated with the side drainage channel. A differential pressure sensor is installed in the third-channel gas path, and the differential pressure sensor transmits the detected data to the data processing display.

5. The carbon emission measurement and testing system according to claim 4, wherein, It further includes: A cross-sectional area measuring unit for measuring the geometric parameters of the flue cross-section; The cross-sectional area measuring unit transmits the measured data to the data processing display.

6. The carbon emission measurement and testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes: A position control unit for adjusting and controlling the position of the pitot tube.

7. The carbon emission measurement and testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first-channel gas path, the second-channel gas path and the third-channel gas path are integrated into a multi-channel gas path.

8. The carbon emission measurement and testing system according to claim 4, wherein The carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the temperature sensor and the differential pressure sensor are integrated in the data processing display.

9. A carbon emission measurement and testing method, based on the testing system described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. Selection of measuring point positions, including: For a flue with a circular cross-section: The method of equal-area concentric circles is adopted. The circular flue with an inner diameter of D is divided into several concentric circles with equal areas. Then each circle is equally divided into two by concentric circles, and then measurements are taken at the intersection points of the divided circles and two mutually perpendicular center lines. The distance from the flue center to each measuring point is calculated according to formula (1): In the formula: r 2n-1 —— The distance from the nth measurement point to the center of the flue; D - Inner diameter of the flue; n - Serial number of the equal-area concentric circles starting from the flue center; N - Number of equal-area rings, related to the flue diameter; S2. According to the selection of measuring point positions, the following determinations are respectively carried out: Gas flow velocity: The dynamic pressure heads at various points on the cross-section measured by the leather drag pipe are used to calculate the flow velocities u1, u2, u3... u of the fluid at each measuring point n , and then the average flow velocity u of the fluid at this cross-section is obtained and calculated according to formula (2): In the formula: u - Average flow velocity of the cross-sectional fluid; ε - Pitot tube correction coefficient; p1, p2, … p n —— The dynamic pressure head at each measuring point; ρ1, ρ2, … ρ n —— The gas density at each measuring point, calculated according to formula (3); ρ n = ρ0 × 273.15 / (273.15 + t n )…………………(3) In the formula: t n —— Gas temperature at each measurement point; ρ0 - Gas density under standard conditions, calculated according to formula (4); ρ0 = ∑x i ·ρ 0i …………………(4) In the formula: x i —— Volume fraction of each gas component; ρ 0i —— Density of each gas component under standard conditions; Carbon dioxide concentration in the gas: The carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to measure the carbon dioxide concentration and can calculate the carbon dioxide concentrations C1, C2, C3... C of the fluid at each measuring point. n , and then obtain the average carbon dioxide concentration C of the fluid at this cross-section, which is calculated according to formula (5): C = (C1 + C2 + C3 + … C n ) / n …………… (5) Carbon dioxide flow rate: The carbon dioxide flow rate under actual conditions is calculated according to formula (6): V = A·u·C ……………(6) In the formula: V - Carbon dioxide flow rate under actual conditions; A - Flue cross-sectional area; The carbon dioxide flow rate under standard conditions is calculated according to formula (7): V0 = A·u·C×273.15 / (273.15 + t)×(101325 + p t ) / 101325……(7) In the formula: V0 - Carbon dioxide flow rate under standard conditions; p t —— Gas pressure at the actual temperature in the flue duct.

10. The carbon emission measurement and testing method according to claim 9, wherein, The selection of the measuring point positions further includes: Flue duct with rectangular cross-section: The cross-section is divided into several small rectangles with equal areas, and the flue gas flow velocity, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration parameters are measured at the intersection points of the diagonals of each small rectangle.

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