Antenna device and antenna system

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna device and an antenna system, and relates to the technical field of communication. The antenna device comprises an antenna reflecting plate, a balun structure, a radiation structure and a parasitic layer, the antenna reflecting plate comprises a metal floor and a metasurface reflecting plate, and the metasurface reflecting plate comprises a plurality of metasurface units; the balun structure is vertically arranged on the metal floor; the radiation structure is located on the side, away from the antenna reflecting plate, of the balun structure and is connected with the balun structure; the parasitic layer is located between the radiation structure and the antenna reflecting plate. In the embodiment of the invention, through combination of the metal floor and the metasurface reflecting plate, regulation and control are carried out while electromagnetic waves are reflected so as to optimize the reflecting effect of the antenna reflecting plate, and meanwhile, an intermediate reflecting surface of the electromagnetic waves can be formed based on the parasitic layer arranged below the radiation structure, so that the low-profile characteristic of the antenna device is ensured, and the antenna efficiency is improved. The superposition effect after electromagnetic wave reflection is effectively ensured, and the antenna performance of the antenna device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna device and an antenna system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G technology, the requirements for antenna performance are also increasing day by day. Traditional antenna devices are also facing more and more challenges in terms of gain, efficiency, beam width, size, etc.

[0003] Metamaterials refer to composite materials designed artificially and having electromagnetic characteristics that do not exist in nature. Metasurfaces refer to two-dimensional metamaterials composed of sub-wavelength-sized units. When electromagnetic waves pass through a metasurface, the metasurface can modulate the electromagnetic waves, and the modulation methods include phase modulation, polarization modulation, amplitude modulation, etc., to ensure the radiation effect of the electromagnetic waves.

[0004] In related technologies, an antenna device includes a metal floor, a feeding balun, and a radiation structure. The feeding balun stands on the metal floor, and the radiation structure is located on the side of the feeding balun away from the metal floor. In order to improve the antenna performance, a metasurface structure is usually arranged on the side of the radiation structure away from the metal floor in related technologies. However, the arrangement of the metasurface structure will undoubtedly increase the profile height of the antenna device, which is not conducive to the wide application of the antenna device.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an antenna device and an antenna system that can ensure the antenna performance while ensuring the low-profile characteristics.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna device is provided, including:

[0008] An antenna reflector, including a metal floor and a metasurface reflector, the metasurface reflector includes a plurality of metasurface units, and the plurality of metasurface units are arrayed around the metal floor;

[0009] A balun structure, standing on the metal floor;

[0010] A radiation structure, located on the side of the balun structure away from the antenna reflector and connected to the balun structure;

[0011] A parasitic layer, located between the radiation structure and the antenna reflector.

[0012] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the distance between the parasitic layer and the radiation structure is less than the distance between the parasitic layer and the antenna reflector.

[0013] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the distance between the parasitic layer and the radiation structure is greater than or equal to 0.01λ and less than or equal to 0.05λ, and the distance between the radiation structure and the antenna reflector is greater than or equal to 0.15λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna device.

[0014] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the radiation structure includes four radiation units distributed periodically at 90 degrees, and all four radiation units are connected to the balun structure;

[0015] The parasitic layer includes four parasitic patches distributed periodically at 90 degrees. The four parasitic patches correspond to the four radiation units one by one, and there is an overlapping area between the projection of each parasitic patch on the antenna reflector and the corresponding radiation unit.

[0016] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, in the circumferential direction of the parasitic layer, the distance between two adjacent parasitic patches is greater than or equal to 0.05λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ.

[0017] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, in the length direction and width direction of the parasitic layer, each parasitic patch extends beyond the edge of the corresponding radiation unit away from the balun structure.

[0018] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the outer contour of the metasurface reflector is rectangular;

[0019] The antenna device further includes four enclosures. The four enclosures are located on the side of the antenna reflector close to the balun structure and are symmetrically arranged around the periphery of the metasurface reflector, and each enclosure is connected to one outer edge of the metasurface reflector.

[0020] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the enclosure is a strip structure with an arc-shaped cross section, and the outer arc surface of the enclosure faces the balun structure.

[0021] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the length of the enclosure is greater than the length of the corresponding outer edge on the metasurface reflector.

[0022] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the metasurface unit includes a dielectric substrate and a first patch unit located on the surface of the dielectric substrate. The first patch unit has an opening located in the central area and penetrating through the first patch unit.

[0023] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, a plurality of the metasurface units enclose a plurality of nested metasurface rings;

[0024] In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions and / or the sizes of the openings of the first patch units included in the plurality of the metasurface rings vary in a gradient manner, and the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units included in each of the metasurface rings are the same, and the sizes of the openings on the first patch units are the same.

[0025] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the metasurface unit further includes a second patch unit located on the surface of the dielectric substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second patch unit on the first patch unit is located within the area surrounded by the opening.

[0026] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the second patch unit and the first patch unit are arranged on the same layer.

[0027] For the antenna device according to any one of the present disclosures, the opening on the first patch unit and the second patch unit are both circular, and the ratio between the radius of the second patch unit and the aperture diameter of the opening on the first patch unit is less than or equal to 0.85.

[0028] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna system including the antenna device described in the above aspect.

[0029] The embodiments of the present disclosure at least include the following technical effects:

[0030] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, through the combination of the metal floor and the metasurface reflector, the reflection of electromagnetic waves is realized and regulated at the same time to optimize the reflection effect of the antenna reflector. At the same time, based on the parasitic patch arranged below the radiation unit, an intermediate reflection surface of electromagnetic waves can be formed, so as to effectively ensure the superposition effect after the reflection of electromagnetic waves while ensuring the low-profile characteristics of the antenna device, and improve the antenna performance of the antenna device.

[0031] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings here are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0033] Figure 1Schematic side view structure diagram of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic top view structure diagram of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic top view structure diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic top view structure diagram of an antenna reflector provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic top view structure diagram of a metasurface unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 6 For Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the metasurface unit shown along A-A`.

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic top view structure diagram of another metasurface unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic top view structure diagram of yet another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 9 Schematic top view structure diagram of another antenna reflector provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic top view structure diagram of yet another metasurface unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 11 For Figure 10 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the metasurface unit shown along A-A`.

[0044] Figure 12 Schematic top view structure diagram of yet another antenna reflector provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic top view structure diagram of yet another antenna reflector provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 14 Schematic side view structure diagram of yet another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 15 Schematic top view structure diagram of yet another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 16 Side view structural schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 17 Side view structural schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 18 Top view structural schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 19 Directivity coefficient curve of an antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 20 Standing wave ratio curve of an antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Figure 21 Pattern in the vertical plane of an antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Figure 22 Pattern in the horizontal plane of an antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 23 Directivity coefficient curve of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Figure 24 Directivity coefficient curve of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] Figure 25 Pattern in the vertical plane of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] Figure 26 Pattern in the horizontal plane of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Figure 27 Directivity coefficient curve of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] Figure 28 Directivity coefficient curve of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] Figure 29 Top view structural schematic diagram of yet another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] Figure 30 Directivity coefficient curve of yet another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] Reference numerals:

[0064] 10. Antenna device;

[0065] 1. Antenna reflector; 2. Balun structure; 3. Radiation structure; 4. Parasitic layer; 5. Enclosure; 6. Antenna element;

[0066] 11. Metal floor; 12. Metasurface reflector; 13. Metasurface unit; 14. Metasurface ring; 15. Accommodation area;

[0067] 131. Dielectric substrate; 132. First patch unit; 133. Opening; 134. Second patch unit; 31. Radiation unit; 32. Substrate; 41. Parasitic patch. Detailed implementation manners

[0068] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures denote like or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted. In addition, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0069] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of the icon to another component, these terms are used in this specification only for convenience, for example, according to the directions of the examples described in the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that if the device of the icon is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that a structure is integrally formed on another structure, or that a structure is "directly" disposed on another structure, or that a structure is "indirectly" disposed on another structure through another structure.

[0070] The terms "a", "an", "the", "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the existence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are used to mean an open inclusion and mean that there may be additional elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second" and "third", etc. are used only as labels and are not a limitation on the quantity of their objects.

[0071] In the related art, the antenna reflector 1 of the antenna device 10 is a whole layer of metal floor 11. In order to achieve the maximum superposition effect of electromagnetic waves after being reflected by the metal floor 11, the distance between the metal floor 11 and the radiation structure 3 is generally set to 0.25λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna device 10. However, in actual use, since the reflection amplitude of the metal floor 11 is always 1, the reflection phase is always 180 degrees, and combined with the constant distance between the metal floor 11 and the radiation structure 3, it is difficult to achieve the maximum superposition effect of the metal floor 11 after reflecting all frequency points in the working frequency band, thereby causing the antenna performance of the antenna device 10 to fail to meet the needs of some users.

[0072] The present disclosure provides an antenna device 10, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the antenna device 10 includes an antenna reflector 1, a balun structure 2, a radiation structure 3 and a parasitic layer 4. The antenna reflector 1 includes a metal floor 11 and a metasurface reflector 12. The metasurface reflector 12 includes a plurality of metasurface units 13. The plurality of metasurface units 13 are arrayed and distributed on the periphery of the metal floor 11. The balun structure 2 is vertically arranged on the metal floor 11. The radiation structure 3 is located on the side of the balun structure 2 away from the antenna reflector 1, and both are connected to the balun structure 2. The parasitic layer 4 is located between the corresponding radiation unit 31 and the antenna reflector 1.

[0073] In the disclosed embodiment, by combining the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12, it is possible to reflect and control the electromagnetic waves at the same time, so as to optimize the reflection effect of the antenna reflector 1 on the electromagnetic waves. At the same time, based on the parasitic layer 4 arranged under the radiation structure 3, an intermediate reflection surface of the electromagnetic wave can be formed, thereby ensuring the low-profile characteristics of the antenna device 10 while effectively ensuring the superposition effect of the electromagnetic waves after reflection, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna device 10.

[0074] Among them, based on the combination of the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12, on the one hand, the metal floor 11 can ensure full reflection of the electromagnetic waves directly below the radiation structure 3 to avoid leakage of electromagnetic waves; on the other hand, a phase gradient can be formed between the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12 to achieve deflection control of the reflected electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic waves are pulled in the normal direction, which has an approximate convergence effect.

[0075] Among them, for the metasurface unit 13 included in the metasurface reflector 12, the size parameters of the metasurface unit 13 can be reasonably designed according to requirements, so that the metasurface unit 13 has high reflection characteristics within the operating frequency band (for example, the reflection coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.96). At the same time, the reflection phase of the metasurface unit 13 can correspond to different phase values at different frequency points (for example, the phase values corresponding to the frequency points of 703 MHz, 803 MHz, 885 MHz, and 960 MHz are -167 degrees, -172 degrees, -176 degrees, -180 degrees respectively, or -141 degrees, -148 degrees, -154 degrees, -159 degrees respectively). This enables the metasurface unit 13 to have a high reflection effect on electromagnetic waves while having a phase control effect. Thus, based on the metasurface unit 13, the metasurface reflector 12 can set different reflection phases at different frequency points to ensure the maximum superposition effect after reflection at all frequency points within the operating frequency band (such as the directivity coefficient and gain of the antenna device 10), while ensuring the low-profile characteristics of the antenna device 10.

[0076] Among them, when the balun structure 2 is excited based on the fed radio frequency signal, coupled currents will be generated on the parasitic layer 4, and then a high-frequency radiation mode can be formed based on the parasitic layer 4. Since the parasitic layer 4 is located between the radiation structure 3 and the metasurface reflector 12, it is equivalent to the parasitic layer 4 forming an intermediate reflecting surface, increasing the number of reflections of electromagnetic waves and further enhancing the maximum superposition effect after reflection at all frequency points within the operating frequency band.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna device 10 can be a single antenna as shown in Figure 2 , that is, the antenna device 10 includes an antenna reflector 1, a balun structure 2, and a radiation structure 3; it can also be an array antenna as shown in Figure 3 , that is, it includes a plurality of antenna elements 6 distributed in an array. Each antenna element 6 includes an antenna reflector 1, a balun structure 2, a radiation structure 3, and a parasitic layer 4.

[0078] When the antenna device 10 includes a plurality of antenna elements 6, the antenna device 10 includes a plurality of antenna reflectors 1 distributed in an array. At this time, the structure after direct splicing between the plurality of antenna reflectors 1 can be adopted, or it can be a structure as shown in Figure 3 , where adjacent two antenna reflectors 1 have a structure sharing the metasurface unit 13. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the antenna device 10 includes three antenna elements 6 distributed in a 1×3 array. At this time, there are seven shared metasurface units 13 between any two adjacent antenna reflectors 1. In this way, through the sharing of the metasurface units 13 of adjacent antenna reflectors 1, the distance between two antenna elements 6 can be effectively reduced, so as to ensure the coupling effect between two adjacent antenna elements 6 and avoid the situation of too high sidelobes of the radiation beam. In addition, after the distance between the radiation structures 3 of two adjacent antenna elements 6 is reduced, the distance between the parasitic layer 4 and the radiation structure 3 can be reduced, so as to enhance the coupling effect between the parasitic layer 4 and the radiation structure 3, and at the same time reduce the coupling effect of the parasitic layer 4 between adjacent antenna elements 6.

[0079] Furthermore, the periphery of multiple antenna reflectors 1 has a shared metasurface ring 14. The metasurface ring 14 can be a single ring of metasurface units 13 or multiple rings of metasurface units 13. By way of example, the antenna device 10 includes three antenna elements 6 distributed in a 1×3 array. At this time, the periphery of the three antenna reflectors 1 has a metasurface ring 14 surrounded by a single ring of shared metasurface units 13. In this way, based on the setting of the peripheral metasurface ring 14, a sufficient number of metasurface units 13 can be ensured, so that the antenna device 10 has an obvious gain improvement effect.

[0080] In addition, the antenna device 10 can be a linearly polarized antenna, a dual-polarized antenna, a circularly polarized antenna, etc. Taking the dual-polarized antenna as an example, the antenna device 10 can achieve dual polarization of ±45 degrees, or vertical and horizontal dual polarization, etc.

[0081] By way of example, as Figure 1 or Figure 2 shown, the radiation structure 3 includes four radiation units 31 distributed in a 90-degree period. All four radiation units 31 are connected to the balun structure 2. The parasitic layer 4 includes four parasitic patches 41 distributed in a 90-degree period. The four parasitic patches 41 correspond to the four radiation units 31 one by one, and there is an overlapping area between each parasitic patch 41 and the corresponding radiation unit 31 in the orthographic projection on the antenna reflector 1.

[0082] In addition, as Figure 1 or Figure 2 shown, the radiation structure 3 includes a substrate 32. All four radiation units 31 are arranged on the substrate 32, and the symmetry centers of the four radiation units 31 are located on the orthogonal lines of two feeding baluns. Furthermore, the four parasitic patches 41 included in the parasitic layer 3 can be made on the antenna reflector 1 through a plastic bracket or the like, or can be suspended on the radiation structure 3 (substrate 32) through a plastic suspension bracket, or can also be fixed on the balun structure 2 through the bearing of a plastic tray or the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not make any limitations in this regard.

[0083] In some embodiments, the balun structure 2 includes two feeding baluns that are orthogonally distributed. The feeding balun includes a substrate board, and a feeding layer and a grounding layer formed on the two side surfaces of the substrate board respectively. The substrate boards of the two feeding baluns are both erected on the metal floor 11, and the grounding layers on the two feeding baluns are respectively connected to two pairs of radiating elements 31 on the diagonal.

[0084] Thus, based on the excitation signals fed into the feeding layers on the two feeding baluns, the dual-polarization radiation effect of the antenna device 10 is achieved through two pairs of radiating elements 31 on the diagonal. Exemplarily, the radiating element 31 is a rectangular loop with a chamfer as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3.

[0085] Among them, taking coaxial cable feeding as an example, for one feeding balun, the feeding layer is connected to the core of the coaxial cable, and the grounding layer is connected to the metal shielding layer of the coaxial cable.

[0086] In some embodiments, the distance between the parasitic layer 4 (i.e., the parasitic patch 41) and the radiating structure 3 (radiating element 31) is less than the distance from the antenna reflector 1.

[0087] Thus, by shortening the distance between the parasitic layer 4 and the radiating structure 3, it is convenient to ensure the coupling effect between the radiating structure 3 and the parasitic layer 4. At the same time, the parasitic layer 4 and the radiating structure 3 can together form a radiation aperture to increase the radiation gain of electromagnetic waves. In addition, when shortening the distance between the parasitic layer 4 and the radiating structure 3, based on the antenna element 6 included in the antenna device 10, the coupling between the parasitic layers 4 of adjacent antenna elements 6 can be effectively reduced, thereby ensuring the radiation effect of each antenna element 6.

[0088] In some embodiments, the distance between the parasitic layer 4 and the radiating structure 3 is greater than or equal to 0.01λ and less than or equal to 0.05λ, and the distance between the radiating structure 3 and the antenna reflector 1 is greater than or equal to 0.15λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ.

[0089] Exemplarily, the distance between the parasitic layer 4 and the radiating structure 3 is 0.01λ, 0.02λ, 0.03λ, 0.04λ, 0.05λ, etc., and the distance between the radiating structure 3 and the antenna reflector 1 is 0.15λ, 0.16λ, 0.17λ, 0.18λ, 0.19λ, 0.2λ, etc.

[0090] In some embodiments, in combination with the above-mentioned parasitic layer 4 including four parasitic patches 41, in the circumferential direction of the parasitic layer 4, the distance between two adjacent parasitic patches 41 is greater than or equal to 0.05λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ.

[0091] Thus, by limiting the spacing between the parasitic patches 41, the exposure of the metal floor 11 at the gaps is ensured, so as to ensure the total reflection of the electromagnetic waves directly below the radiation unit 31 by the metal floor 11, and to ensure the reflection and regulation effect of the antenna reflector 1 on the electromagnetic waves.

[0092] Among them, in the circumferential direction of the parasitic layer 4, the spacing between any two adjacent parasitic patches 41 can be the same to ensure the symmetry of the radiation of the antenna device 10. Exemplarily, in the circumferential direction of the parasitic layer 4, the spacing between two adjacent parasitic patches 41 is 0.05λ, 0.06λ, 0.07λ, 0.08λ, 0.09λ, 0.10λ, 0.11λ, 0.12λ, 0.13λ, 0.14λ, 0.15λ, etc.

[0093] In some embodiments, in combination with the above, the parasitic layer 4 includes four parasitic patches 41. As Figure 2 shown, in the length direction and width direction of the parasitic layer 4, each parasitic patch 41 extends beyond the edge of the corresponding radiation unit 31 away from the balun structure 2.

[0094] Thus, the coupling effect between each radiation unit 31 and the corresponding parasitic patch 41 can be effectively ensured, and at the same time, the effective reflection of the electromagnetic waves radiated by each parasitic patch 41 on the corresponding radiation unit 31 can be ensured.

[0095] Among them, the center point of the parasitic patch 41 can be located on the side of the center point of the corresponding radiation unit 31 away from the balun structure 2, that is, the distance between the orthogonal line of the center point of the parasitic patch 41 and the balun structure 2 is greater than the distance between the orthogonal line of the center point of the corresponding radiation unit 31 and the balun structure 2.

[0096] In addition, the outer contour size of the parasitic patch 41 is greater than or equal to the outer contour size of the corresponding radiation unit 31 to effectively ensure that each parasitic patch 41 extends beyond the edge of the corresponding radiation unit 31 away from the balun structure 2. Exemplarily, the parasitic patch 41 is a square patch, the radiation unit 31 is a square ring with chamfers, the side length of the parasitic patch 41 is greater than or equal to 0.15λ and less than or equal to 0.25λ, and the outer side length of the radiation unit 31 is greater than or equal to 0.125λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ. Exemplarily, the side length of the parasitic patch 41 is 0.15λ, 0.17λ, 0.19λ, 0.21λ, 0.23λ, 0.25λ, etc., and the outer side length of the radiation unit 31 is 0.125λ, 0.14λ, 0.16λ, 0.18λ, 0.2λ, etc.

[0097] In some embodiments, the antenna device 10 further includes an antenna cover, the antenna cover is buckled on the antenna reflector 1, and the balun structure 2 and the radiation structure 3 are located in the cavity formed by the antenna cover and the antenna reflector 1.

[0098] In this way, the radome can be used to protect the balun structure 2 and the radiation structure 3. For example, the height of the radome from the radiation element 31 can be greater than 0.05λ, such as 0.06λ, 0.08λ, 0.1λ, 0.12λ, 0.14λ, etc.

[0099] Next, taking the antenna device 10 as a single antenna as an example, the present disclosure embodiment will explain in detail each structure included in the antenna device 10.

[0100] In some embodiments, the center point of the metal floor 11 coincides with the center point of the metasurface reflector 12. The balun structure 2 is arranged based on the center point of the metal floor 11. The orthogonal projection of the center point of the radiation structure 3 on the antenna reflector 1 coincides with the center point of the metal floor 11. In this way, it is convenient to ensure the symmetry of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna device 10, thereby ensuring the antenna performance of the antenna device 10.

[0101] Among them, as described above, the balun structure 2 includes two feed baluns 21 distributed orthogonally. At this time, the center point of the metal floor 11 and the center point of the radiation structure 3 are both located on the orthogonal line of the balun structure 2.

[0102] Among them, as Figure 4 shown, the metasurface reflector 12 has a receiving area 15 at the center, that is, the center point of the receiving area 15 is the center point of the metasurface reflector 12. The metal floor 11 is located in the receiving area 15 of the metasurface reflector 12 to ensure that the center point of the metal floor 11 coincides with the center point of the metasurface reflector 12. At this time, the shape of the metal floor 11 matches the shape of the receiving area 15. For example, both the metal floor 11 and the receiving area 15 are rectangular (such as square or rectangular), cross-shaped, or regular hexagonal, etc.

[0103] Of course, in addition to the center point of the metal floor 11 coinciding with the center point of the metasurface reflector 12, it can also be that the orthogonal projection of the center point of the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12 coincides with the center point of the metasurface reflector 12, that is, the metal floor 11 is supported on the metasurface unit 13.

[0104] It should be noted that when the metal floor 11 is located in the accommodation area 15 on the metasurface reflector 12, the size of the metal floor 11 can be set according to the arrangement and size of the metasurface units 13. The multiple metasurface units 13 included in the metasurface reflector 12 can be arranged in a rectangular array or a circular array. For example, when the multiple metasurface units 13 are arranged in a rectangular array, both the metal floor 11 and the metasurface units 13 are square, and the side length of the metal floor 11 is n times the side length of a metasurface unit 13, where n is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N - 1, and N is the number of rows and columns of the metasurface units 13. For example, when the multiple metasurface units 13 are arranged in a circular array, both the metal floor 11 and the metasurface units 13 are regular hexagons, and the side length of the metal floor 11 is equal to the side length of a metasurface unit 13 to ensure the integrity of the antenna reflector 1. When the metal floor 11 is supported on the metasurface units 13, since the metal floor 11 is not restricted by the metasurface units 13, the size of the metal floor 11 can be adjusted according to requirements, thereby improving the flexibility of the design of the metal floor 11.

[0105] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 or Figure 6 shown, the metasurface unit 13 includes a dielectric substrate 131 and a first patch unit 132 located on the surface of the dielectric substrate 131. The first patch unit 132 has an opening 133 located in the central area and passing through the first patch unit 132.

[0106] Among them, the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 can be a circular hole or a polygonal hole (such as a hexagonal hole, an octagonal hole, a decagonal hole, etc.). For example, as Figure 5 shown, the first patch unit 132 is a rectangular patch, and the opening 133 of the first patch unit 132 is a circular hole; or as Figure 7 shown, the first patch unit 132 is a rectangular patch, and the opening 133 of the first patch unit 132 is a decagonal hole.

[0107] Among them, when the opening 133 is a polygonal hole, the more sides the opening 133 has, the longer the current path, and as the current path becomes longer, the resonant frequency point on the first patch unit 132 will also shift to a lower frequency. In this way, the size of the first patch unit 132 can be reduced by increasing the number of sides of the opening 133 design, so as to realize the miniaturization design of the metasurface reflector 12 while ensuring the same working frequency band, and further realize the miniaturization design of the antenna reflector 1.

[0108] Among them, the size of the dielectric substrate 131 and the first patch unit 132 included in the metasurface unit 13 can be designed according to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna device 10. Exemplarily, the outer contours of both the dielectric substrate 131 and the first patch unit 132 are rectangular, the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 is circular, the side length of the dielectric substrate 131 is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, the side length of the first patch unit 132 can be 0.8 to 0.98 times the side length of the dielectric substrate 131, and the radius of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 can be 0.4 to 0.49 times the side length of the dielectric substrate 131. Exemplarily, the side length of the dielectric substrate 131 is 0.1λ, 0.12λ, 0.14λ, 0.16λ, 0.18λ, 0.2λ, etc.

[0109] For the first patch units 132 included in multiple metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, as Figure 2 or Figure 4 shown, the overall sizes of the first patch units 132 can be the same (shown with the same filling density in the figure), so as to ensure the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal, and at the same time simplify the design of the metasurface reflector 12. Of course, for the first patch units 132 included in multiple metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, their structural sizes can also vary gradually in the direction from the center to the edge of the metasurface reflector 12 to improve the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal.

[0110] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 or Figure 9 shown, multiple metasurface units 13 enclose multiple nested metasurface rings 14. In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour sizes and / or the sizes of the openings 133 of the first patch units 132 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 vary gradually (shown with different filling densities in the figure). In this way, the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal can be achieved through the gradual change of the sizes of the first patch units 132.

[0111] Among them, for the multiple metasurface units 13 included in each metasurface ring 14, the outer contour sizes of the first patch units 132 included in the multiple metasurface units 13 are the same, and the sizes of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 are the same. In addition, each metasurface ring 14 includes one or more circles of metasurface units 13, that is, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, each metasurface ring 14 includes one or more metasurface units 13. At this time, the number of circles of the metasurface units 13 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 can be the same, can be not all the same, or can be all different.

[0112] Exemplarily, a plurality of metasurface units 13 enclose three metasurface rings 14, namely, an inner metasurface ring 14, a middle metasurface ring 14, and an outer metasurface ring 14; as Figure 8 or Figure 9 shown, the inner metasurface ring 14, the middle metasurface ring 14, and the outer metasurface ring 14 all include a circle of metasurface units 13; or the inner metasurface ring 14 and the outer metasurface ring 14 both include a circle of metasurface units 13, and the middle metasurface ring 14 includes two circles of metasurface units 13; or the inner metasurface ring 14 includes a circle of metasurface units 13, and the middle metasurface ring 14 and the outer metasurface ring 14 both include two circles of metasurface units 13; or the inner metasurface ring 14 includes a circle of metasurface units 13, the middle metasurface ring 14 includes two circles of metasurface units 13, and the outer metasurface ring 14 includes three circles of metasurface units 13.

[0113] In some embodiments, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the change gradients of the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the dimensions of the openings 133 are positively correlated.

[0114] Among them, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the dimensions of the openings 133 included in the plurality of metasurface rings 14 can both be decreasingly changed. At this time, the converging effect of radio frequency signals can be achieved based on the metasurface reflector 12. Furthermore, when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the high-gain effect of the antenna device 10 can be achieved; of course, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the dimensions of the openings 133 included in the plurality of metasurface rings 14 can also be increasingly changed. At this time, the diffusion effect of radio frequency signals can be achieved based on the metasurface reflector 12. Furthermore, when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the wide-beam effect of the antenna device 10 can be achieved.

[0115] In some embodiments, as Figure 10 or Figure 11 shown, the metasurface unit 13 further includes a second patch unit 134 located on the surface of the dielectric substrate 131, and the orthographic projection of the second patch unit 134 on the first patch unit 132 is located within the area enclosed by the opening 133.

[0116] In this way, through the setting of the second patch unit 134, a complementary structure of the first patch unit 132 can be formed, so that two different resonance points can be formed when regulating radio frequency signals based on the metasurface reflector 12, so as to effectively increase the bandwidth of radio frequency signals when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10.

[0117] Among them, the second patch unit 134 included in the metasurface unit 13 can be made of low-resistance and low-loss metal materials such as copper, gold, and silver, and can be fabricated by methods such as magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, and electroplating. The second patch unit 134 and the first patch unit 132 can be arranged on the same layer, that is, as Figure 11 shown, the second patch unit 134 and the first patch unit 132 are located on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate 131; or the second patch unit 134 and the first patch unit 132 are arranged on different layers, that is, the second patch unit 134 and the first patch unit 132 are respectively located on both side surfaces of the dielectric substrate 131.

[0118] Among them, the shapes of the openings 133 on the second patch unit 134 and the first patch unit 132 are the same. For example, as Figure 10 shown, the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 is circular, and the second patch unit 134 is a circular patch. At this time, the ratio between the radius of the second patch unit 134 and the aperture of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 is less than or equal to 0.85 to ensure that the orthographic projection of the second patch unit 134 on the first patch unit 132 is located within the area enclosed by the opening 133. For example, the ratio between the radius of the second patch unit 134 and the aperture of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.85, etc.

[0119] For the second patch units 134 included in multiple metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, as Figure 12 shown, the overall dimensions of the second patch units 134 can be the same (shown with the same filling density in the figure), so as to ensure the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal and simplify the design of the metasurface reflector 12 at the same time; of course, for the second patch units 134 included in multiple metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, it is also possible that their structural dimensions change in a gradient from the center to the edge of the metasurface reflector 12 to improve the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal.

[0120] In some embodiments, as Figure 13 shown, multiple said metasurface units 13 enclose multiple nested metasurface rings 14; in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 change in a gradient (shown with different filling densities in the figure). In this way, the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal can be achieved through the gradient change of the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134.

[0121] Among them, for the multiple metasurface units 13 included in each metasurface ring 14, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface units 13 are all the same. Additionally, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 can be decreasingly changed. At this time, the RF signal convergence effect can be achieved based on the metasurface reflector 12. Furthermore, when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the high-gain effect of the antenna device 10 can be achieved. Of course, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 can also be increasingly changed. At this time, the RF signal diffusion effect can be achieved based on the metasurface reflector 12. Furthermore, when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the wide-beam effect of the antenna device 10 can be achieved.

[0122] Combined with the first patch unit 132 described above, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, at least one of the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14, the dimensions of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132, and the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 can be gradient-changed. And when multiple ones of the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132, the dimensions of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132, and the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 are gradient-changed, the change gradients are positively correlated. For example, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 and the dimensions of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 are both gradient-changed, and the change gradients of the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 and the dimensions of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 are positively correlated.

[0123] In some embodiments, as Figure 14 or Figure 15 shown, the outer contour of the metasurface reflector 12 is rectangular; the antenna device 10 further includes four enclosures 5. The four enclosures 5 are located on the side of the antenna reflector 1 close to the balun structure 2 and are symmetrically arranged around the periphery of the metasurface reflector 12, and each enclosure 5 is respectively connected to an outer edge of the metasurface reflector 12.

[0124] In this way, the blocking of electromagnetic waves can be achieved through the setting of the four enclosures 5 to optimize the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10, and at the same time further achieve gain improvement, thereby optimizing the antenna performance of the antenna device 10.

[0125] Among them, the enclosure 5 can be a strip-shaped flat structure. At this time, the enclosure 5 is erected on the periphery of the antenna reflector 1; of course, it can also be as Figure 14 or Figure 16As shown, the enclosure 5 is a strip-shaped structure with an arc-shaped cross-section (i.e., the cross-section perpendicular to the length direction), and the outer arc surface of the enclosure 5 faces the balun structure 2 (shown in the end face of the enclosure 5 in the figure). Compared with the flat enclosure 5, the arc-shaped enclosure 5 is more beneficial to the blocking of electromagnetic waves and optimizes the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10.

[0126] When the enclosure 5 is a strip-shaped arc plate, the central angle corresponding to the circular arc of the cross-section of the enclosure 5 can be greater than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees. For example, the central angle corresponding to the circular arc of the cross-section of the enclosure 5 is 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees, 150 degrees, 180 degrees, etc. In addition, the radius corresponding to the circular arc of the cross-section of the enclosure 5 is greater than or equal to 0.05λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ, and the thickness of the enclosure 5 can be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 2.0 mm. For example, as Figure 14 shown, the central angle corresponding to the circular arc of the cross-section of the enclosure 5 is 180 degrees, or as Figure 16 shown, the central angle corresponding to the circular arc of the cross-section of the enclosure 5 is 90 degrees.

[0127] Among them, as Figure 17 and Figure 18 shown, the length of the enclosure 5 is less than the length of the corresponding outer edge on the metasurface reflector 12; of course, as Figure 15 shown, the length of the enclosure 5 can also be greater than the length of the corresponding outer edge on the metasurface reflector 12 to achieve a sealed enclosure around the antenna reflector 1, thereby effectively ensuring the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10.

[0128] Example 1, for the antenna device 10 as Figure 2 shown, the antenna device 10 is subjected to a simulation test, and the directivity coefficient curve D1 as Figure 19 shown, the standing wave ratio curves of the two ports as Figure 20 shown, the vertical plane patterns at the frequency points 703 MHz, 803 MHz, 885 MHz, 960 MHz as Figure 21 shown, and the horizontal plane patterns at the frequency points 703 MHz, 803 MHz, 885 MHz, 960 MHz as Figure 22 shown are obtained; at the same time, the conventional single antenna device, the antenna device combined only with the metasurface reflector 12, and the antenna device provided only with the parasitic layer 4 are respectively subjected to simulation tests, and the directivity coefficient curves D2, D3, D4 as Figure 19 shown and the simulation result parameters as shown in Table 1 below are obtained.

[0129] Table 1

[0130]

[0131] As can be seen from Table 1 above, compared with the conventional single antenna device, within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the present disclosure Figure 2 For the antenna device 10 shown, the directivity coefficient has a significant increase of 0.67 - 1.28 dB, and the gain also has a significant increase of 0.69 - 1.22 dB.

[0132] Example 2, for the antenna device 10 as Figure 3 shown, the antenna device is simulated and tested, and the directivity coefficient curve D5 as Figure 23 shown is obtained. At the same time, the conventional array antenna device is simulated and tested, and the directivity coefficient curve D6 as Figure 23 shown is obtained, as well as the simulation result parameters shown in Table 2 below.

[0133] Table 2

[0134]

[0135]

[0136] As can be seen from Table 2 above, compared with the conventional array antenna device 10, within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the present disclosure Figure 3 For the antenna device 10 shown, the directivity coefficient has a significant increase of 0.49 - 0.77 dB, and the gain also has a significant increase of 0.5 - 0.7 dB.

[0137] Example 3, for the antenna device 10 as Figure 14 shown, the central angle corresponding to the cross-sectional arc of the enclosure 5 is 180 degrees. The antenna device 10 is simulated and tested, and the directivity coefficient curve D7 as Figure 24 shown is obtained, the vertical plane pattern at the frequency points of 703 MHz, 803 MHz, 885 MHz, and 960 MHz as Figure 25 shown is obtained, and the horizontal plane pattern at the frequency points of 703 MHz, 803 MHz, 885 MHz, and 960 MHz as Figure 26 shown is obtained; at the same time, the conventional single antenna device is simulated and tested, and the directivity coefficient curve D2 as Figure 24 shown is obtained, as well as the simulation result parameters shown in Table 3 below.

[0138] Table 3

[0139]

[0140] As can be seen from Table 3 above, compared with the conventional single antenna device, within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the present disclosure Figure 14The antenna device 10 shown can further improve the low-frequency gain. At the same time, the directivity coefficient has a significant improvement of 1.05 - 1.35 dB, and the gain has a significant improvement of 1.0 - 1.4 dB. Moreover, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10 can be effectively improved.

[0141] Example 4. For the antenna device 10 as Figure 16 shown, the central angle corresponding to the cross-sectional arc of the enclosure 5 is 90 degrees. The antenna device 10 is subjected to a simulation test, and the directivity coefficient curve D8 as Figure 27 shown is obtained; at the same time, a conventional single antenna device is subjected to a simulation test, and the directivity coefficient curve D2 as Figure 27 shown is obtained, as well as the simulation result parameters shown in Table 4 below.

[0142] Table 4

[0143]

[0144] Combined with Table 4 above, it can be seen that compared with the conventional single antenna device, within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the antenna device 10 of the present disclosure Figure 16 shown can further improve the high-frequency gain. At the same time, the directivity coefficient has a significant improvement of 1.19 - 1.46 dB, and the gain has a significant improvement of 1.19 - 1.36 dB. Moreover, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10 can be effectively ensured.

[0145] Example 5. For the antenna device 10 as Figure 17 shown, the central angle corresponding to the cross-sectional arc of the enclosure 5 is 180 degrees. The antenna device 10 is subjected to a simulation test, and the directivity coefficient curve D9 as Figure 28 shown is obtained; at the same time, a conventional single antenna device is subjected to a simulation test, and the directivity coefficient curve D2 as Figure 28 shown is obtained, as well as the simulation result parameters shown in Table 5 below.

[0146] Table 5

[0147]

[0148] Combined with Table 5 above, it can be seen that compared with the conventional single antenna device, within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the antenna device 10 of the present disclosure Figure 17 shown has a significant improvement in the directivity coefficient of 0.8 - 1.3 dB, a significant improvement in the gain of 0.74 - 1.22 dB. Moreover, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10 can be effectively ensured.

[0149] Example 6. For the antenna device 10 as Figure 29The antenna device 10 shown, the metasurface unit 13 includes a first patch unit 132 and a second patch unit 134. Two antenna devices 10 with the second patch unit 134 having diameters of 5 mm and 20 mm respectively are subjected to simulation tests, and the directivity coefficient curves D10 and D11 as shown in Figure 30 are obtained; at the same time, a conventional single antenna device is subjected to simulation tests, and the directivity coefficient curve D2 as shown in Figure 30 is obtained. The antenna device 10 of Example 3 is subjected to simulation tests, and the directivity coefficient curve D7 as shown in Figure 30 is obtained.

[0150] Comparing with the conventional single antenna device and the antenna device 10 of the above Example 3, in the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, for the antenna device 10 shown in the present disclosure, the directivity coefficient has a significant improvement of 0.74 - 1.25 dB, and it can effectively ensure that the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10 remains above 20 dB and is not affected by the size of the second patch unit 134. Figure 29 The antenna device 10 shown, the directivity coefficient has a significant improvement of 0.74 - 1.25 dB, and it can effectively ensure that the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10 remains above 20 dB and is not affected by the size of the second patch unit 134.

[0151] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an antenna system, which includes the antenna device 10 described in the above embodiment. Based on the above-mentioned antenna device 10, on the basis of having low-profile characteristics and better antenna performance, it is convenient to ensure the radiation performance and space occupancy rate of the antenna system.

[0152] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include known common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, include: An antenna reflector, comprising a metal floor and a metasurface reflector, wherein the metasurface reflector comprises a plurality of metasurface units, and an array of the plurality of metasurface units is distributed on the periphery of the metal floor; A balun structure, erected on the metal floor; A radiation structure, located on a side of the balun structure away from the antenna reflector and connected to the balun structure; The parasitic layer is located between the radiation structure and the antenna reflector.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein The distance between the parasitic layer and the radiation structure is smaller than the distance between the parasitic layer and the antenna reflector.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, wherein The distance between the parasitic layer and the radiation structure is greater than or equal to 0.01λ and less than or equal to 0.05λ, and the distance between the radiation structure and the antenna reflector is greater than or equal to 0.15λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna device.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein The radiation structure includes four radiation units distributed in a 90-degree period, and the four radiation units are all connected to the balun structure; The parasitic layer includes four parasitic patches distributed in a 90-degree period, the four parasitic patches correspond to the four radiating units one by one, and each parasitic patch has an overlapping area with the orthographic projection of the corresponding radiating unit on the antenna reflector.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein In the circumferential direction of the parasitic layer, a spacing between two adjacent parasitic patches is greater than or equal to 0.05λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ.

6. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the length direction and the width direction of the parasitic layer, each of the parasitic patches extends out of the corresponding radiation unit away from the edge of the balun structure.

7. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The outer contour of the metasurface reflector is rectangular; The antenna device also includes four enclosures, which are located on one side of the antenna reflector close to the balun structure and are centrally symmetrically arranged around the periphery of the metasurface reflector, and each of the enclosures is respectively connected to an outer edge of the metasurface reflector.

8. The antenna device according to claim 7, wherein The enclosure is a strip structure with an arc-shaped cross section, and the outer arc surface of the enclosure faces the balun structure.

9. The antenna device according to claim 7, wherein The length of the enclosure is greater than the length of the corresponding outer edge on the metasurface reflective plate.

10. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The metasurface unit includes a dielectric substrate and a first patch unit located on the surface of the dielectric substrate, wherein the first patch unit has an opening located in a central area and penetrating the first patch unit.

11. The antenna device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The plurality of said super surface units form a plurality of super surface rings which are nested and distributed in sequence; In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour size and / or the size of the opening of the first patch unit included in the multiple supersurface rings change gradually, and the outer contour size of the first patch unit included in each of the supersurface rings is the same, and the size of the opening on the first patch unit is the same.

12. The antenna device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The metasurface unit further includes a second patch unit located on the surface of the dielectric substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second patch unit on the first patch unit is located within the area surrounded by the opening.

13. The antenna device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second patch unit is arranged in the same layer as the first patch unit.

14. The antenna device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The opening on the first patch unit and the second patch unit are both circular, and the ratio between the radius of the second patch unit and the aperture of the opening on the first patch unit is less than or equal to 0.

85.

15. An antenna system, characterized in that, Comprising the antenna device according to any one of claims 1-14.

Images