Device and method for separating liquid from feedstock
The liquid is separated by centrifugal force by rotating the screen cylinder, which solves the problems of high energy consumption and high material loss rate in the prior art, and achieves the effects of low energy consumption, low wear and uniform drying.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202380086545.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-12-22
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The prior art has problems with high energy consumption, high material loss rate and serious device wear when separating liquids from plastic abrasives, and requires additional agglomerate separation steps.
A device is adopted that generates centrifugal force through rotation of the screen barrel, and the liquid is separated from the feed material by using the centrifugal force. The feed material is supplied from the bottom of the screen barrel and continuously conveyed to the extraction side through the conveyor device, achieving separation of low energy consumption and low wear.
Liquid separation with low energy consumption, low material loss and low device wear is achieved, agglomeration formation is avoided, and a uniform drying effect can be achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN120379738A_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a device for separating liquid from a feed, in particular for separating liquid from ground or granulated plastic, the device having a sieve drum which comprises a sieve drum bottom, a sieve drum wall and an extraction side opposite the sieve drum bottom, the device further having supply means for supplying the feed to the sieve drum and discharge means arranged at the extraction side of the sieve drum for discharging the feed which has been separated from the liquid, the sieve drum rotating about its central longitudinal axis while discharging the liquid. The present invention also relates to a method for separating liquid from a feed by using such a device.
[0002] In addition to avoiding waste, the recovery or reuse of recyclable materials contained in waste is also an important aspect in dealing with limited resources. The reuse of these recyclable materials makes an important contribution to environmental protection. Therefore, there is an urgent need to process recyclable materials so that they can be made available for reuse.
[0003] In the process of processing plastics, such as used PET bottles or similar products, the recyclable materials are first shredded by a shredder, a cutting machine or other suitable shredding techniques. Then, the ground materials obtained from the shredding process are washed to remove adhering residues such as contaminants. For subsequent processing steps, it is necessary to separate the liquid from the washed ground (shredded) materials. For this purpose, mechanical dryers are usually used.
[0004] Mechanical dryers have been in existence in this field for many years. According to the current state of the art, the separation of liquid is usually carried out by so-called paddle dryers or screw presses. In paddle dryers, a fast-running rotor with a plurality of impact elements drives the material through a sieve basket. Paddle dryers are characterized by a relatively high energy consumption ratio and a relatively high material loss rate due to fine abrasion. Screw presses, on the other hand, separate the liquid by pressing the material / liquid mixture through a sieve tube with the aid of a conveying screw. In this case, the problems are that agglomerates often form. This can cause problems for subsequent method steps and thus an additional step for separating the agglomerates is required. In addition, the operation of screw presses is usually accompanied by high wear of the machine.
[0005] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to configure and develop a device for separating liquid from a feed, in particular for separating liquid from ground or granulated plastic, such that the liquid can be separated in an energy-saving manner and by using simple means and with as little material wear / loss and device wear as possible. At the same time, it is also aimed to achieve a satisfactory and uniform drying effect. In addition, the device according to the present invention is intended to be distinguished from competing products. Furthermore, it is also aimed to provide a method for separating liquid from a feed by using such a device. By means of this method, it is aimed that the drying process can be carried out with continuous supply and discharge of the feed.
[0006] According to the present invention, the above object is achieved by the features of independent claims 1 and 19.
[0007] The device mentioned in the introduction is characterized in that the supply device has a supply opening arranged at the bottom of the sieve drum, and a conveyor device with at least one conveying element is arranged in the sieve drum for conveying the feed to the extraction side.
[0008] According to the present invention, it has been found for the first time that by utilizing the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the sieve drum, the feed can be dried particularly simply and gently. By the centrifugal force, the wet feed supplied to the sieve drum by the supply device at the bottom of the sieve drum is pressed against the sieve drum wall. The sieve drum wall is constructed such that the liquid rather than the feed can be discharged. Therefore, there is no need to apply force to the feed by mechanical means to separate the liquid. This achieves extremely low fine wear and material loss, as well as low wear of the device. In addition, this is also accompanied by a low energy input to the feed, making the energy consumption of this device very low compared with conventional mechanical dryers.
[0009] Furthermore, it has also been found that it is necessary for the feed to stay in the sieve drum for a sufficient length of time to obtain a good and uniform drying effect. This is achieved by the supply device being able to supply the feed to the sieve drum at the bottom of the sieve drum. For this purpose, a supply opening is arranged at the bottom of the sieve drum. Then, by the conveyor device arranged in the sieve drum, the feed can be continuously conveyed from the bottom of the sieve drum to the extraction side, where the feed is extracted in the radial and tangential directions and can be discharged through the discharge device. When being conveyed to the extraction side, the feed is also continuously circulated, thus preventing the formation of agglomerates.
[0010] Advantageously, the sieve drum wall has a cylindrical or conical shape. This makes the construction of the device particularly simple and economical. The conical shape is advantageous because the feed is conveyed along the sieve drum wall to the end side of the drum under the action of the centrifugal force.
[0011] The central longitudinal axis of the sieve drum can advantageously be arranged orthogonally and vertically with respect to the bottom of the sieve drum. The feed is pressed against the sieve drum wall while being evenly distributed in the circumferential direction under the action of the horizontally acting centrifugal force and the vertically acting gravity, and is extracted at the extraction side. This achieves a particularly uniform drying effect. This arrangement of the central longitudinal axis also enables a particularly simple design of the device, especially a simple arrangement of the supply device.
[0012] More advantageously, the supply device can be constructed such that the feed can be supplied to the sieve drum by gravity and / or a conveyor device. Depending on the arrangement of the supply device, it is possible to supply the feed to the sieve drum only by gravity. This achieves a particularly simple and economical design. It is also conceivable that the supply device has a conveyor device in order to at least partially overcome gravity to supply the feed or prevent the supply device from being blocked.
[0013] The supply device may also include a hollow profile that protrudes from the extraction side into the sieve drum. The closed profile enables the feed to be supplied directly to the sieve drum at the bottom of the sieve drum, and the feed is mixed there for the first time with the feed already present in the sieve drum.
[0014] In addition, it is also conceivable that at least one conveying element is configured as a conveying screw or a guide vane. The rotating conveying screw enables the feed to be conveyed particularly uniformly in the direction of the extraction side while circulating it. Preferably, the longitudinal axis of the conveying screw is arranged parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the sieve drum. To improve the conveyance and circulation, the rotation direction of the conveying screw can also be opposite to the rotation direction of the sieve drum. Configuring the conveying element as a guide vane is a particularly simple design of the conveyor device. Different from the conveying screw, continuous operation of the conveying element with the aid of a drive is not necessary. The guide vane is inclined such that by the rotation of the sieve drum, the feed is conveyed from the bottom of the sieve drum to the extraction side.
[0015] The position of each conveying element relative to the central longitudinal axis of the sieve drum can be individually adjustable in the radial direction. This enables the feed to be purposefully conveyed into a specific area of the sieve drum and ensures a similar residence time of the feed. Thereby, the uniformity of the drying effect is improved.
[0016] It is particularly advantageous when the conveying speed and / or the conveying direction of each conveying element can also be individually adjusted. When the conveying element is implemented as a conveying screw, this can be achieved by adjusting the rotational speed and / or the rotation direction, or when the conveying element is implemented as a guide vane, it can be achieved by adjusting the inclination angle. On the one hand, the residence time of the feed can thus be affected. This is particularly advantageous for coping with fluctuations in the liquid content of the feed. On the other hand, the circulation of the feed can be affected to prevent the formation of a liquid barrier in front of the holes in the sieve drum wall inside. It is also conceivable to convey the feed temporarily back in the direction of the bottom of the sieve drum to further increase the circulation.
[0017] If the conveying device has at least two conveying elements, these conveying elements can advantageously be arranged equidistantly from each other or at irregular distances from each other along the circumference of a circle. The center of this circle lies on the central longitudinal axis of the sieve drum. The conveying elements of the conveyor device can be deliberately positioned along this circumference to avoid imbalance. This avoids unnecessary oscillations or vibrations of the sieve drum, which may, for example, have a negative impact on the drying effect or the service life of the sieve drum bearings.
[0018] To disperse the feed at the bottom of the sieve drum, the conveying device may include at least one circulation element. Preferably, the circulation element is configured as a paddle wheel that can rotate around the central longitudinal axis of the sieve drum and is arranged at the bottom of the sieve drum.
[0019] More preferably, at least one cleaning element can be arranged inside the sieve drum and / or at least one cleaning element can be arranged outside the sieve drum so that it can be applied to the sieve drum wall. This prevents the holes in the sieve drum wall from being blocked by the feed or the liquid discharge from being obstructed. Particularly preferably, at least one cleaning element is configured as a brush, an elastic scraper or a nozzle, and these elements can preferably be operated using compressed air and / or liquid. Brushes and elastic scrapers are particularly straightforward and robust cleaning means. Particularly in the case where the feed contains very small particles, it may be advantageous to use a nozzle compared to using a brush or an elastic scraper.
[0020] It is also conceivable that the position of each cleaning element can be adjusted individually in the radial direction relative to the central longitudinal axis of the sieve drum. Therefore, the position of the cleaning element can be adjusted according to the composition of the feed, so that the cleaning effect is improved.
[0021] The bearings of the sieve drum can be arranged at the bottom of the sieve drum and / or at the extraction side. Depending on the design of the device, it may be advantageous to arrange the bearings at the bottom of the sieve drum or at the extraction side. In the case of a relatively large sieve drum, it may be necessary to arrange bearings on both sides to minimize the undesired movement of the sieve drum in the radial direction or in the longitudinal direction. It is also conceivable that the bearings of the sieve drum include elastic clamps and / or shock-absorbing devices in order to reduce undesired vibrations.
[0022] More preferably, the discharge device can include an attachment having a flange-like collar that encloses the sieve drum; having an attachment wall and an attachment cover, at least one opening is arranged in the attachment wall, and the attachment wall at least partially encloses the sieve drum wall. Thus, the feed extracted in the radial direction and the tangential direction under the action of centrifugal force is collected and discharged from the device through the opening.
[0023] Particularly preferably, the attachment wall can have a cylindrical shape, and the discharge device can include an annular jet wheel arranged inside the attachment. The jet wheel can be rotatable about the central longitudinal axis of the sieve drum and can have at least one transfer vane. At least one transfer vane can be configured such that the feed ejected at the extraction side can be supplied to at least one opening. This avoids the accumulation of the feed in the discharge device and being unable to be ejected from the opening.
[0024] It is also conceivable to arrange a collection device for collecting and discharging the separated liquid, and the collection device at least partially encloses the sieve drum. This avoids the uncontrolled ejection of the separated liquid from the sieve drum.
[0025] The method according to the invention uses the device according to the invention. It is characterized in that the feed is supplied by a supply device to the sieve drum at the bottom of the sieve drum and is conveyed by a conveyor device to the extraction side. The sieve drum rotates about its central longitudinal axis while discharging liquid, and the feed is extracted at the extraction side under the action of centrifugal force and is discharged by a discharge device.
[0026] Thus, a drying process can be carried out using the continuous supply and discharge of the feed.
[0027] Now, there are various possibilities for advantageously constructing and developing the teachings of the present invention. In this regard, on the one hand, reference may be made to the claims dependent on claim 1, and on the other hand, reference may be made to the following explanation of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with the aid of the drawings. The general preferred construction and development of the teachings are also explained in conjunction with the explanation of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with the aid of the drawings. In the drawings,
[0028] Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in the form of a three-dimensional schematic diagram,
[0029] Figure 2 An exemplary embodiment of is shown in the form of a schematic sectional view through a three-dimensional illustration Figure 1 of Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment of is further shown in a schematic sectional view through a side view Figure 1 of
[0030] Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment of is shown in a further schematic sectional view through a plan view Figure 1 of
[0031] Figure 1 A device according to the invention is shown. The device includes a sieve drum 1, which has a sieve drum bottom 2, a sieve drum wall 3 having a cylindrical shape, and an extraction side 4. The sieve drum 1 rotates about its central longitudinal axis 5, which is arranged orthogonally and vertically with respect to the sieve drum bottom 2. In this exemplary embodiment, the sieve drum 1 is arranged on a substrate 6, and hollow profile supports 7 with feet are fixed in all four corner regions of the substrate 6. A drive 8 is arranged laterally on the device, which rotates the sieve drum 1 and keeps the sieve drum 1 in motion.
[0032] In this exemplary embodiment, a discharge device 9 for discharging the feed is arranged at the extraction side 4 located at the top. The discharge device includes an attachment member having a flange-like collar 10 that encloses the sieve cylinder 1, a cylindrical attachment wall 11, and an attachment cover 12. An opening 13 is arranged in the attachment wall 11, and the feed is ejected from the device through this opening. The attachment cover 12 includes a circular plate 14, on which a supply device 15 with a funnel-shaped upper part and three conveying elements 16 is fixed. Each conveying element 16 also has an individually adjustable drive, which is arranged on the circular plate 14.
[0033] The exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention further includes a collection device 17 for collecting and discharging the separated liquid. The collection device 17 has a cylindrical wall 18 that discharges the liquid downward. After the liquid has been collected below the sieve cylinder 1, it is then discharged. Figure 3 It can be seen that the wall 18 partially encloses the sieve cylinder 1, is fixed to the base plate 6 at the bottom, and is fixed to the flange-like collar 10 at the top. In addition, the wall 18 of the collection device 17 further includes an inspection cover plate 19 with a transparent disc.
[0034] Figure 2 and Figure 3 It is shown that, in addition to the funnel-shaped upper part, the supply device 15 further includes a hollow profile 20 that protrudes from the extraction side 4 into the sieve cylinder 1. The lower end of the hollow profile 20 constitutes a supply opening, and the feed enters the sieve cylinder 1 from this supply opening at the bottom 2 of the sieve cylinder. The three conveying elements 16 are each configured as conveying screws 16a, and these conveying screws 16a are arranged inside the sieve cylinder. In addition, a circulation element 21 is also arranged at the bottom 2 of the sieve cylinder. The circulation element is configured as a paddle wheel that can rotate around the central longitudinal axis 5 of the sieve cylinder 1.
[0035] The discharge device 9 includes an annular ejection wheel 22 that is arranged in the attachment member, can rotate around the central longitudinal axis 5 of the sieve cylinder 1, and has a plurality of transfer blades. The ejection wheel 22 is arranged at the extraction side 4 on the sieve cylinder 1. The feed is supplied to the opening 13 by means of the rotating ejection wheel 22.
[0036] From Figure 3 it can be seen that the bearing (support) 23 of the sieve cylinder 1 is realized by a shaft 24 arranged along the central axis 5. The bottom 2 of the sieve cylinder is fixed on the shaft 24, and the shaft 24 is installed at the bottom in the base plate 6.
[0037] Figure 4 The exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in a plan view. The device is presented in a cross-section that is transverse to the central longitudinal axis 5 and located below the discharge device 9, from which the three conveying screws 16, the rotatable paddle wheel of the circulation element 21, and the hollow profile 20 can be seen. Figure 4The rotational directions of the conveying screw 16a and the sieve drum 1 are also indicated by arrows. In this exemplary embodiment, the rotational direction of the conveying screw 16a is opposite to that of the sieve drum 1 in order to facilitate the conveyance and circulation of the feed.
[0038] For other advantageous configurations of the device according to the invention, reference is made to the general part of the description and the appended claims in order to avoid repetition.
[0039] Finally, it should be expressly stated that the above-described exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention are only used to discuss the claimed teachings and do not limit them to this exemplary embodiment.
[0040] List of reference signs
[0041] 1 Sieve drum
[0042] 2 Bottom of the sieve drum
[0043] 3 Sieve drum wall
[0044] 4 Extraction side
[0045] 5 Central longitudinal axis
[0046] 6 Substrate
[0047] 7 Hollow profile support
[0048] 8 Drive of the sieve drum
[0049] 9 Discharge device
[0050] 10 Flange-like collar
[0051] 11 Attachment wall
[0052] 12 Attachment cover
[0053] 13 Opening in the attachment wall
[0054] 14 Circular plate
[0055] 15 Supply device
[0056] 16 Conveying element
[0057] 16a Conveying screw
[0058] 17 Collection device
[0059] 18 Wall of the collection device
[0060] 19 Inspection cover plate
[0061] 20 Hollow profile
[0062] 21 Circulation element
[0063] 22 Injection wheel
[0064] 23 bearings
[0065] 24 shafts.
Claims
1. A device for separating liquid from a feed, in particular for separating liquid from a plastic abrasive or granulate, the device having a sieve drum (1) which comprises a sieve drum bottom (2), a sieve drum wall (3) and an extraction side (4) opposite the sieve drum bottom (2), the device having a supply device (15) for supplying the feed to the sieve drum (1) and having a discharge device (9) arranged at the extraction side (4) of the sieve drum (1), the discharge device (9) being for discharging the feed which has been separated from the liquid, the sieve drum (1) rotating about its central longitudinal axis (5) while discharging the liquid, characterized in that, The feed device (15) has a supply opening arranged at the bottom (2) of the sieve drum, and a conveying device is arranged in the sieve drum (1), the conveying device having at least one conveying element (16) for conveying the feed to the extraction side.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sieve drum wall (3) has a cylindrical or conical shape.
3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The central longitudinal axis (5) of the sieve drum (1) is arranged orthogonally and vertically with respect to the sieve drum bottom (2).
4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The supply device (15) is configured such that the feed can be supplied to the sieve drum (1) by gravity and / or by a conveyor device.
5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The supply device includes a hollow profile (20) that projects from the extraction side (4) into the sieve drum (1).
6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, At least one conveying element (16) is configured as a conveying screw (16a) or a guide vane.
7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The position of each conveying element (16) relative to the central longitudinal axis (5) of the sieve drum (1) can be adjusted individually in the radial direction.
8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The conveying speed and / or the conveying direction of each conveying element (16) can be adjusted individually. Preferably, when the conveying element (16) is implemented as a conveying screw (16a), it is adjusted by adjusting the rotational speed and / or the rotational direction, or when the conveying element (16) is implemented as a guide vane, it is adjusted by adjusting the tilt angle.
9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that At least two conveying elements (16) are arranged equidistantly from each other or at irregular distances from each other along the circumferential line of a circle, the center of the circle being located on the central longitudinal axis (5) of the sieve drum (1).
10. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The conveyor device includes at least one circulation element (21) for distributing the feed, the circulation element (21) preferably being configured as a paddle wheel that can rotate around the central longitudinal axis (5) of the sieve drum (1).
11. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, At least one cleaning element is arranged inside the sieve drum (1) and / or at least one cleaning element is arranged outside the sieve drum (1) such that it can be applied to the sieve drum wall (3).
12. The device according to claim 11, wherein, At least one cleaning element is configured as a brush, an elastic scraper or a nozzle, and the cleaning element is preferably operable with compressed air and / or liquid.
13. The device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The position of each cleaning element can be adjusted individually in the radial direction relative to the central longitudinal axis (5) of the sieve drum (1).
14. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The bearings (23) of the sieve drum (1) are arranged at the sieve drum bottom (2) and / or at the extraction side (4).
15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The bearings (23) of the sieve drum (1) include elastic clamps and / or shock-absorbing devices.
16. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The discharge device (9) includes an attachment having a flange-like collar (10) that encloses the sieve drum (1); the attachment has an attachment wall (11) and an attachment cover (12), at least one opening (13) being arranged in the attachment wall (11), and the attachment wall (11) at least partially enclosing the sieve drum wall (3).
17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The attachment wall (11) has a cylindrical shape, and the discharge device (9) includes an annular jet wheel (22) arranged in the attachment, the jet wheel (22) being rotatable about the central longitudinal axis (5) of the sieve drum (1) and having at least one transfer vane configured such that the feed jet at the extraction side (4) can be supplied to the at least one opening (13).
18. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, A collection device (17) for collecting and discharging the separated liquid is arranged, the collection device (17) at least partially enclosing the sieve drum (1).
19. A method for separating liquid from a feed, in particular a ground or granulated plastic material, by using a device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, It is characterized in that The feed is supplied by the supply device (15) to the sieve drum (1) at the bottom (2) of the sieve drum and is conveyed by the conveyor device to the extraction side (4), the sieve drum (1) rotating about its central longitudinal axis (5) while discharging the liquid, and the feed being extracted at the extraction side (4) under the action of centrifugal force and discharged through the discharge device (9).