Electric energy storage and mechanical bearing integrated dot matrix sandwich composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, and discloses an electric energy storage and mechanical bearing integrated dot matrix sandwich composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The electric energy storage and mechanical bearing integrated dot matrix sandwich composite material comprises an upper skin layer and a lower skin layer, the dot matrix core layer and the electrochemical energy storage layer are arranged between the upper skin layer and the lower skin layer; the lattice core layer is embedded in the electrochemical energy storage layer, and the lattice core layer has the bearing capacity perpendicular to the direction of the upper skin layer. The dot matrix core layer is embedded in the electrochemical energy storage layer, effective internal support is provided for the dot matrix sandwich composite material integrating electric energy storage and mechanical bearing by utilizing the characteristics of light weight and high strength of the dot matrix core layer, and the composite material is more stable in performance by combining the arrangement of the upper skin layer and the lower skin layer. The electric energy storage and mechanical bearing integrated dot matrix sandwich composite material has the effects of structural bearing, weight reduction and system structural stability improvement at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of new energy vehicles, drones, and aerospace, etc., there are demands for carriers to be lightweight, high-strength, and have a large cruising range. The structural-functional integrated composite material structure battery can simultaneously achieve electrochemical energy storage and bear mechanical loads, and can meet the above demands to a certain extent. Using it as a structural component to replace traditional metal components will reduce the weight of the carrier and increase the cruising range of the carrier.

[0003] With the development and progress of new energy technologies and carrier technologies, various carriers have higher requirements for the multifunctionality of structural batteries. Although there have been certain progresses in the research on fiber composite material structural batteries at present, the current composite material structural batteries generally have the disadvantages of low mechanical strength, low energy density, and poor cycle stability, far from meeting the requirements of high flexural strength, high energy density, lightweight, and structural reliability of actual carriers. Therefore, the existing technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing, and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the problem that the existing fiber composite material structural batteries cannot meet the requirements of high flexural strength, high energy density, lightweight, and structural reliability of actual carriers.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect of the present application, there is provided a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing, including: an upper skin layer and a lower skin layer; a lattice core layer and an electrochemical energy storage layer disposed between the upper skin layer and the lower skin layer; wherein, the lattice core layer is embedded in the electrochemical energy storage layer, and the lattice core layer has a load-bearing capacity in a direction perpendicular to the upper skin layer.

[0007] Optionally, the upper skin layer includes a fiber board, and the lower skin layer includes a fiber board.

[0008] Optionally, the material of the fiber board includes at least one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, polylactic acid, nylon, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0009] Optionally, the structure of the lattice core layer is selected from one of the X-type, Kagome-type, and pyramid-type.

[0010] Optionally, the material of the lattice core layer includes at least one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, polylactic acid, nylon, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0011] Optionally, the electrochemical energy storage layer includes a positive electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer stacked in sequence.

[0012] Optionally, a positive electrode pin is provided on the positive electrode layer, and a negative electrode pin is provided on the negative electrode layer.

[0013] In the second aspect of the present application, a method for preparing a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing according to the first aspect of the present application is provided, including the steps of: fixedly connecting one side of the lattice core layer to the upper skin layer; laying an electrochemical energy storage layer through the lattice core layer on the upper skin layer; fixedly connecting the other side of the lattice core layer to the lower skin layer to obtain the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing;

[0014] Alternatively, fixedly connect one side of the lattice core layer to the upper skin layer; lay an electrochemical energy storage layer through the lattice core layer on the upper skin layer; fixedly connect the other side of the lattice core layer to the lower skin layer to obtain the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing.

[0015] Optionally, the laying method includes the flow casting method.

[0016] In the third aspect of the present application, an application of the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing according to the first aspect of the present application in the preparation of a vehicle is provided.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0018] In the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing of the present application, by embedding the lattice core layer in the electrochemical energy storage layer and utilizing the characteristics of the lattice core layer being lightweight and high-strength, effective internal support is provided for the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing. Combining the settings of the upper skin layer and the lower skin layer, the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing can simultaneously achieve the effects of structural load-bearing, weight reduction, and improvement of system structural stability, and has broad application value in the field of lightweight structural components such as engine covers / doors / roofs of new energy vehicles, aircraft wing skins, UAV bodies, robot arm shells, and unmanned ship hulls. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of another lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the preparation method of the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1, upper skin layer; 2, lattice core layer; 3, electrochemical energy storage layer; 31, positive electrode layer; 32, electrolyte layer; 33, negative electrode layer; 4, lower skin layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. Without conflict, the features in the following embodiments and the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] It should be noted that if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, such "first", "second", etc. descriptions are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance and implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions conflicts or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-3, an embodiment of the present application provides a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing, including an upper skin layer 1, a lattice core layer 2, an electrochemical energy storage layer 3, and a lower skin layer 4. Among them, the lattice core layer 2 and the electrochemical energy storage layer 3 are arranged between the upper skin layer 1 and the lower skin layer 4, and the lattice core layer 2 is embedded in the electrochemical energy storage layer 3. The lattice core layer 2 has a load-bearing capacity in the direction perpendicular to the upper skin layer 1 (Z-axis direction). By providing effective internal support for the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing through the lattice core layer 2, combined with the settings of the upper skin layer 1 and the lower skin layer 4, the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing can simultaneously achieve the effects of structural load-bearing, weight reduction, and improving the structural stability of the system.

[0028] In some embodiments, the upper skin layer 1 and the lower skin layer 4 include fiber sheets. Further, the fiber sheets include at least one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, polylactic acid (PLA), nylon, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS). Further, when the fiber sheets are made of carbon fiber or other conductive fiber sheets, one insulating layer is respectively further included on one side of the upper skin layer 1 and the lower skin layer 4 close to the electrochemical energy storage layer 3, and the electrical connection between the electrochemical energy storage layer 3 and the upper skin layer 1 and the lower skin layer 4 is blocked by setting the insulating layer.

[0029] The lattice core layer 2 is an advanced composite material design that realizes lightweight and high strength through periodically arranged microstructures. Compared with general composite material components, the composite material with a lattice core layer simultaneously has microscopic components, mesoscopic rods, and macroscopic configurations, and has characteristics such as multi-material, cross-scale, and multi-functional integration.

[0030] In some embodiments, the structure of the lattice core layer is selected from one of the X-type, Kagome-type, and pyramid-type. Among them, the X-type is formed by intersecting diagonal bars (usually symmetric at 45°) to form rhombic or rectangular units, similar to an "X"-shaped cross truss. The Kagome-type is evolved from a hexagonal honeycomb, and is formed by alternating triangular and hexagonal units to form a structure similar to a traditional Japanese weaving pattern. The pyramid-type is formed by four inclined bars converging at the vertex to form a three-dimensional space truss structure, similar to a pyramid-shaped quadrangular pyramid unit.

[0031] In some embodiments, the material of the lattice core layer includes at least one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, polylactic acid, nylon, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0032] In some embodiments, the electrochemical energy storage layer can be selected from a lithium-ion battery energy storage layer, a sodium-ion battery energy storage layer, a potassium-ion battery energy storage layer, a magnesium-ion battery energy storage layer, an aluminum-ion battery energy storage layer, or a zinc-ion battery energy storage layer, etc., to meet different requirements. Further, as Figure 2As shown, the electrochemical energy storage layer 3 includes a positive electrode layer 31, an electrolyte layer 32, and a negative electrode layer 33. The electrolyte layer 32 can be a solid electrolyte, a gel electrolyte, etc. A positive electrode pin is provided on the positive electrode layer 31, and a negative electrode pin is provided on the negative electrode layer 33.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 4 , this embodiment of the present application also provides a preparation method of the integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing, including the steps:

[0034] (1) Fix one side of the lattice core layer 2 to the upper skin layer 1.

[0035] (2) Sequentially lay the positive electrode layer 31, the electrolyte layer 32, and the negative electrode layer 33 on the upper skin layer 1.

[0036] (3) Fix the other side of the lattice core layer 2 to the lower skin layer 4 to obtain the integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing.

[0037] Alternatively, (1) Fix one side of the lattice core layer 2 to the upper skin layer 1.

[0038] (2) Sequentially lay the negative electrode layer 33, the electrolyte layer 32, and the positive electrode layer 31 on the upper skin layer 1.

[0039] (3) Fix the other side of the lattice core layer 2 to the lower skin layer 4 to obtain the integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing.

[0040] Among them, in step (1), the lattice core layer 2 can be prepared by 3D printing technology, and the lattice core layer 2 is adhered to the upper skin layer 1 with epoxy resin and fixedly connected to the upper skin layer 1. In step (2), the positive electrode layer 31, the electrolyte layer 32, and the negative electrode layer 33 are sequentially coated on the upper skin layer 1 through the flow coating method through the lattice core layer 2. In step (3), the lattice core layer 2 is bonded and cured with the lower skin layer 4 with epoxy resin to form the integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing.

[0041] In some embodiments, after laying the positive electrode layer 31, the electrolyte layer 32, and the negative electrode layer 33 in step (2), a positive electrode pin is riveted on the positive electrode layer 31, and a negative electrode pin is riveted on the negative electrode layer 33.

[0042] This application also provides an application of the integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing as described above in the preparation of transportation vehicles, which can be applied in the field of lightweighting of structural components such as the engine cover / door / roof of new energy vehicles, the fuselage of unmanned aerial vehicles, the wings of airplanes, the outer shell of robot arms, and the hulls of unmanned ships.

[0043] The following is further illustrated by specific examples.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Using the traditional resin transfer molding process, a carbon fiber composite board with a thickness of 2 mm was prepared, and an insulating material was coated on one side of the carbon fiber composite board as the upper and lower skin layers. The carbon fiber Kagome lattice core layer was prefabricated by 3D printing technology, which is a structure with four diagonal rods intersecting at the central node. The lattice core layer was pasted on one of the carbon fiber composite boards using epoxy resin. The pre-prepared Zn-ion battery polymer-based MnO2 cathode material, PVA-based electrolyte, and polymer-based Zn powder anode were successively coated on the carbon fiber composite board through the Kagome lattice core layer using the overflow method. During the process, after each layer of material was coated and allowed to stand and form, another material was coated. Finally, the other carbon fiber composite board was bonded to the other side of the lattice core layer using epoxy resin to obtain a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Using the traditional resin transfer molding process, a basalt fiber composite board with a thickness of 2 mm was prepared as the upper and lower skin layers. The carbon fiber pyramid lattice core layer was prefabricated by 3D printing technology, which is a structure with four diagonal rods intersecting at the central node. The lattice core layer was pasted on one of the carbon fiber composite boards using epoxy resin. The pre-prepared Zn-ion battery polymer-based MnO2 cathode material, PVA-based electrolyte, and polymer-based Zn powder anode were successively coated on the carbon fiber composite board through the pyramid lattice core layer using the overflow method. During the process, after each layer of material was coated and allowed to stand and form, another material was coated. Finally, the other carbon fiber composite board was bonded to the other side of the lattice core layer using epoxy resin to obtain a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Using the traditional resin transfer molding process, a carbon fiber composite board with a thickness of 2 mm was prepared, and an insulating material was coated on one side of the carbon fiber composite board as the upper and lower skin layers. The carbon fiber Kagome lattice core layer was prefabricated by 3D printing technology, which is a structure with four diagonal rods intersecting at the central node. The lattice sandwich layer was pasted on one of the carbon fiber composite boards using epoxy resin. The pre-prepared lithium-ion battery polymer-based LiFePO4 cathode, PEO-based electrolyte, and polymer-based graphite powder anode were successively coated on the carbon fiber composite board through the Kagome lattice core layer using the overflow method. During the process, after each layer of material was coated and allowed to stand and form, another material was coated. Finally, the other carbon fiber composite board was bonded to the other side of the lattice core layer using epoxy resin to obtain a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing.

[0050] In summary, by embedding a lattice core layer in the electrochemical energy storage layer, the present application utilizes the characteristics of the lattice core layer, which is lightweight and high-strength, to provide effective internal support for the lattice sandwich composite material that integrates electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing. Combined with the settings of the upper skin layer and the lower skin layer, the lattice sandwich composite material that integrates electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing can simultaneously achieve the effects of structural load-bearing, weight reduction, and improvement of the structural stability of the system, and has broad application value in the field of lightweight structural components such as the engine cover / door / roof of new energy vehicles, the wing skin of airplanes, the body of unmanned aerial vehicles, the housing of robot arms, and the hull of unmanned boats.

[0051] It should be understood that the application of the present application is not limited to the above examples. For those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or transformations can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and transformations should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing, characterized in that, Comprising: An upper skin layer and a lower skin layer; A lattice core layer and an electrochemical energy storage layer disposed between the upper skin layer and the lower skin layer; Wherein, the lattice core layer is embedded in the electrochemical energy storage layer, and the lattice core layer has a load-bearing capacity perpendicular to the direction of the upper skin layer.

2. The integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing according to claim 1, wherein The upper skin layer comprises a fiber board, and the lower skin layer comprises a fiber board.

3. The integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing according to claim 2, wherein, The material of the fiber board comprises at least one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, polylactic acid, nylon, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

4. The integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing according to claim 1, wherein The structure of the lattice core layer is selected from one of X-type, Kagome-type, and pyramid-type.

5. The integrated lattice sandwich composite material for electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing according to claim 1, wherein The material of the lattice core layer comprises at least one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, polylactic acid, nylon, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

6. The integrated electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing lattice sandwich composite material according to claim 1, wherein, The electrochemical energy storage layer comprises a positive electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer stacked in sequence.

7. The integrated electric energy storage and mechanical load-bearing lattice sandwich composite material according to claim 6, wherein A positive electrode pin is provided on the positive electrode layer, and a negative electrode pin is provided on the negative electrode layer.

8. A method for preparing a lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Including steps: Fixing one side of the lattice core layer to the upper skin layer; Laying the electrochemical energy storage layer on the upper skin layer through the lattice core layer; Fixing the other side of the lattice core layer to the lower skin layer to obtain the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing.

9. The preparation method of the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The laying method comprises the flow casting method.

10. Application of the lattice sandwich composite material integrating electrical energy storage and mechanical load-bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the preparation of a vehicle.

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