Multi-stage self-locking type ball catching circulating short section for half-way well cementation and control method of multi-stage self-locking type ball catching circulating short section

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage self-locking type ball catching circulating short section for half-way well cementation and a control method, and relates to the technical field of oil well cementation operation, the multistage self-locking type ball catching circulating short section comprises a short section assembly, the short section assembly comprises an outer shell, a discharge port is formed in the top of the outer shell, a displacement assembly is arranged in the outer shell, and the short section assembly comprises a sliding sleeve connected into the outer shell in a sliding mode; a containing groove is formed in the outer ring of the sliding sleeve, a first ball is slidably connected into the containing groove, an upper connector is fixed to one end of the outer shell, and a lower connector is fixed to the other end of the outer shell. The non-return structure has the beneficial effects that through the arrangement of the short section assembly and the limiting assembly, after the second ball body is put in, the displacement assembly can be driven to slide and displace in cooperation with continuously-fed media and pumping pressure, non-return locking operation is completed, the second ball body is prevented from being disengaged at will, the bypass requirement is well met, and compared with a traditional spring and rubber part non-return structure, the non-return structure is simple in structure and convenient to use. The stability is better, and the well cementation operation is well carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil well cementing operations, and particularly to a semi - stage cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub and a control method therefor. Background Art

[0002] In oil well cementing operations, cementing is an important operation in the drilling process. Cementing refers to the construction process of injecting cement slurry into the annulus between the wellbore and the casing after running the casing into the well. Among them, it is a key tool for controlling the fluid circulation path in oil and gas drilling cementing operations, and its core function is to achieve wellbore cleaning, tool protection, and fluid management under complex working conditions through bypass design.

[0003] The existing circulation subs generally complete the bypass operation by throwing a ball in cooperation with an elastic support member, but often do not have the function of stable reverse check. When the annulus pressure rises abnormally, the ball is likely to slide and disengage, causing bypass failure and requiring a re - throwing operation, resulting in a relatively low overall processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the existing semi - stage cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing circulation subs often do not have the function of stable reverse check. When the annulus pressure rises abnormally, the ball is likely to slide and disengage, causing bypass failure and requiring a re - throwing operation, resulting in a relatively low overall processing efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A semi - stage cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub, which includes,

[0007] A sub assembly, including an outer housing. An outlet is provided at the top of the outer housing. A displacement assembly is arranged inside the outer housing, including a sliding sleeve slidably connected inside the outer housing. A receiving groove is provided on the outer circle of the sliding sleeve, and a first ball is slidably connected in the receiving groove. An upper joint is fixed at one end of the outer housing, and a lower joint is fixed at the other end of the outer housing. A second ball is slidably connected inside the sliding sleeve; and,

[0008] A limiting assembly is arranged on the outer circle of the outer housing, including a shear pin located inside the outer housing. One end of the shear pin is fixed with a spring, the other end of the spring is fixed with a screw head, and a movable block is rotatably connected to the top of the sliding sleeve, and a torsion spring is sleeved on the movable block.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the semi - stage cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub of the present invention, wherein: A first card slot is provided inside the outer housing, a second card slot is provided inside the outer housing, and the second card slot is communicated with the outlet.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub for semi - cementing in the present invention, the inner diameters of the first card slot and the second card slot are the same and both are matched with the first ball. The number of the receiving slots is three and they are circumferentially and array - distributed on the sliding sleeve.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub for semi - cementing in the present invention, a positioning hole is provided at the top of the sliding sleeve, and a guiding groove is provided at the bottom of the sliding sleeve. Both the positioning hole and the guiding groove are slidably matched with the shear pin.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub for semi - cementing in the present invention, mounting holes are provided at both the top and the bottom of the outer housing and are matched with the shear pin. The outer thread of the screw head is threadedly connected in the mounting hole.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub for semi - cementing in the present invention, one end of the shear pin contacts the movable block, and an auxiliary groove is provided on the outer circle of the sliding sleeve and is slidably matched with the movable block.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub for semi - cementing in the present invention, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the movable block, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed in the auxiliary groove.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub for semi - cementing in the present invention, an inclined groove is provided on the inner circle of the outer housing, and one end of the movable block is slidably connected in the inclined groove.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub for semi - cementing in the present invention, the outer circle of the sliding sleeve is in sliding contact with the inner circle of the outer housing and is sealed.

[0017] A control method for a multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub for semi - cementing includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: According to the requirements of oil well cementing operations, multiple sub - assemblies are assembled. The upper joint and the lower joint are connected in cooperation to ensure the installation stability and sealing performance. In the initial state, the sliding sleeve is in the closed state, the second ball is not placed in the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve covers and blocks the discharge port, and the medium flows through the displacement assembly and the outer housing from the upper joint and is transmitted through the lower joint.

[0019] Step 2: When it is necessary to switch the discharge path, a special operation tool is used in cooperation. It is inserted into the appropriate position along with the pipe string, and then the second ball is dropped into the upper joint.

[0020] Step 3: Continuously input the medium. When the conveying pressure of the medium is greater than the shearing value of the shear pin, the shear pin is cut off, the sliding sleeve slides to the open state, and at the same time, the second sphere is placed into the sliding sleeve, and the discharge port is exposed, allowing the medium to flow out through the diversion path.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the settings of the nipple assembly and the limit assembly, after the second sphere is put in, it can cooperate with the continuously introduced medium and pump pressure to drive the displacement assembly to slide and displace, and complete the check valve locking operation, avoiding the random detachment of the second sphere, maintaining the bypass demand well, and having better stability compared with the traditional check valve structure of springs and rubber parts, ensuring the smooth progress of the cementing operation. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross - sectional view of the closed state of a half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a separated cross - sectional view of a half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a side cross - sectional view of the first sphere of a half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a cross - sectional view of the open state of a half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a side cross - sectional view of the first sphere and the second sphere of a half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a partial structural diagram of the outer casing and the sliding sleeve of a half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple.

[0030] Figure 8 For the half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple Figure 7 Enlarged view at position A.

[0031] Figure 9 For the half - course cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation nipple Figure 2Enlarged view at position B in the [Chinese context].

[0032] In the figure: 1. Short section assembly; 11. Outer housing; 11-1. Discharge port; 11-2. First card slot; 11-3. Second card slot; 11-4. Mounting hole; 11-5. Inclined slot; 12. Displacement assembly; 12-1. Sliding sleeve; 12-11. Receiving groove; 12-12. Positioning hole; 12-13. Guide groove; 12-14. Auxiliary groove; 12-2. First sphere; 13. Upper joint; 14. Lower joint; 15. Second sphere; 2. Limiting assembly; 21. Shearing pin; 21-1. Spring; 21-2. Screw head; 22. Movable block; 22-1. Torsion spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will provide a detailed description of the specific implementation modes of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Secondly, the so-called "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to specific features, structures, or characteristics that can be included in at least one implementation mode of the present invention. The appearances of "in one embodiment" in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selectively exclusive embodiments from other embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a semi - stage cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation short joint. The semi - stage cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation short joint includes a short section assembly 1 and a limiting assembly 2. Through the settings of the short section assembly 1 and the limiting assembly 2, after the ball - throwing operation, it can cooperate with the continuously introduced medium and pump pressure to perform side - bypass and complete the check - valve locking operation, well maintaining the bypass requirements. Compared with the traditional check - valve structures of springs and rubber parts, it has better stability and ensures the smooth progress of the cementing operation.

[0038] Specifically, the short joint component 1 includes a housing 11. An outlet 11-1 is provided at the top of the housing 11. A displacement component 12 is arranged inside the housing 11, which includes a sliding sleeve 12-1 slidably connected inside the housing 11. A receiving groove 12-11 is formed on the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve 12-1. A first sphere 12-2 is slidably connected inside the receiving groove 12-11. An upper joint 13 is fixed at one end of the housing 11, and a lower joint 14 is fixed at the other end of the housing 11. A second sphere 15 is slidably connected inside the sliding sleeve 12-1.

[0039] Through the setting of the outlet 11-1, it can cooperate with the peripheral pipeline to form a bypass opening for leading the cement medium to the side.

[0040] Through the setting of the displacement component 12, the outlet 11-1 can be blocked in the initial state, allowing the special operation tool to pass through, and then the second sphere 15 can be put into the sliding sleeve 12-1 at different positions; in the open state, the outlet 11-1 is exposed, and the cement slurry is naturally bypassed and exported, and the second sphere 15 is protected against backflow.

[0041] Specifically, the limiting component 2 is arranged on the outer circumference of the housing 11, which includes a shear pin 21 inside the housing 11. One end of the shear pin 21 is fixed with a spring 21-1, and the other end of the spring 21-1 is fixed with a screw head 21-2. An activity block 22 is rotatably connected to the top of the sliding sleeve 12-1, and a torsion spring 22-1 is sleeved on the activity block 22.

[0042] Through the setting of the limiting component 2, when the sliding sleeve 12-1 slides to the open state, the shear pin 21 is sheared and broken, and the broken block of the shear pin 21 is removed in cooperation with the activity block 22, avoiding contact damage between the irregular fracture surface and the sliding sleeve 12-1 or the housing 11.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] Refer to Figures 2 to 9 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment.

[0045] Specifically, a first card slot 11-2 is formed inside the housing 11, and a second card slot 11-3 is formed inside the housing 11. The second card slot 11-3 is communicated with the outlet 11-1.

[0046] The inner diameters of the first card slot 11-2 and the second card slot 11-3 are the same, and both are matched with the first sphere 12-2. The number of the receiving grooves 12-11 is three, and they are circumferentially and arrayed on the sliding sleeve 12-1.

[0047] Both sides of the inner cavities of the first card slot 11-2 and the second card slot 11-3 are chamfered to form inclined surfaces. During the displacement of the sliding sleeve 12-1, the first sphere 12-2 contacts the inclined surface, causing the first sphere 12-2 to automatically displace inward until the first sphere 12-2 contacts the inner wall of the outer housing 11. At this time, the first sphere 12-2 protrudes from the inner circle of the sliding sleeve 12-1, as shown in the attached drawings of the specification. Figure 6 as shown.

[0048] A positioning hole 12-12 is provided at the top of the sliding sleeve 12-1, and a guiding groove 12-13 is provided at the bottom of the sliding sleeve 12-1. Both the positioning hole 12-12 and the guiding groove 12-13 are in sliding fit with the shear pin 21.

[0049] Through the cooperation of the shear pin 21 and the positioning hole 12-12, it is possible to prevent the sliding sleeve 12-1 from sliding randomly and causing the discharge port 11-1 to open in the positioning state.

[0050] Through the setting of the shear pin 21 and the guiding groove 12-13, a guiding effect can be achieved, ensuring the stability of the linear displacement of the sliding sleeve 12-1 and preventing the sliding sleeve 12-1 from rotating randomly.

[0051] Mounting holes 11-4 are provided at both the top and bottom of the outer housing 11 and are in cooperation with the shear pin 21. The outer thread of the screw head 21-2 is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 11-4.

[0052] One end of the mounting hole 11-4 is designed with screw threads, which are in threaded cooperation with the screw head 21-2 to ensure the installation stability of the screw head 21-2, and the mounting hole 11-4 has a storage space that meets the requirements for the shear pin 21.

[0053] One end of the shear pin 21 contacts the movable block 22. An auxiliary groove 12-14 is provided on the outer circle of the sliding sleeve 12-1 and is in sliding fit with the movable block 22.

[0054] The auxiliary groove 12-14 communicates with the positioning hole 12-12. One end of the movable block 22 extends into the positioning hole 12-12 and contacts the shear pin 21. Through the setting of the auxiliary groove 12-14, the storage and rotation space requirements for the movable block 22 can be met, and when the displacement assembly 12 is in the initial state, the bottom end of the movable block 22 contacts the inner wall of the auxiliary groove 12-14 and cannot rotate counterclockwise.

[0055] One end of the torsion spring 22-1 is fixed to the movable block 22, and the other end of the torsion spring 22-1 is fixed in the auxiliary groove 12-14.

[0056] Through the setting of the torsion spring 22-1, a torsion force can be provided for the movable block 22, and the movable block 22 can be prevented from rotating randomly without external force.

[0057] An inclined groove 11 - 5 is formed on the inner ring of the outer shell 11 , and one end of the movable block 22 is slidably connected in the inclined groove 11 - 5 .

[0058] Since the inner wall of the discharge port 11-1 is inclined, as shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 8 As shown, when the sliding sleeve 12 - 1 moves to open, the movable block 22 moves accordingly, and its top end contacts the inclined surface of the inclined groove 11 - 5 , and the force is differentiated so that the movable block 22 automatically rotates clockwise and enters the auxiliary groove 12 - 14 .

[0059] The outer ring of the sliding sleeve 12 - 1 is in sliding contact with the inner ring of the outer shell 11 and is sealed.

[0060] The receiving groove 12-11 is composed of a cylindrical groove and an arcuate groove. The cylindrical groove is located on the outer ring of the sliding sleeve 12-1, and the arcuate groove is located on the inner ring of the sliding sleeve 12-1. The two are in a connected state and both slide with the first ball 12-2. The first ball 12-2 can slide freely in the cylindrical groove and cannot escape through the arcuate groove.

[0061] The sliding sleeve 12-1 is provided with a valve seat for use with the second sphere 15, as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification. Figure 5 As shown, it is used to ensure the contact sealing between the second sphere 15 and the sliding sleeve 12-1 when the second sphere 15 is installed, so as to prevent the material from leaking through the sliding sleeve 12-1.

[0062] The shear pin 21 includes a base and a pin shaft. The base is fixedly connected to the spring 21-1. The other end of the base is fixedly connected to the pin shaft. The pin shaft slides with the positioning hole 12-12. The base slides with the mounting hole 11-4. The pin shaft diameter is smaller than the base diameter. A shear ring groove is provided at the connection between the pin shaft and the base, as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification. Figure 9 shown.

[0063] The shear ring groove is 2mm deep and its diameter is 4mm smaller than the base to ensure the shear force is concentrated.

[0064] With this design, when the pin is disconnected from the base, the pin can still be moved into the corresponding mounting hole 11 - 4 of the base after the pin is displaced a certain distance.

[0065] The opposite surfaces of the mounting hole 11 - 4 and the positioning hole 12 - 12 are chamfered. With this design, when the bottom end of the shear pin 21 contacts the chamfer, the force differentiation will automatically squeeze the shear pin 21 into the mounting hole 11 - 4.

[0066] The end of the shear pin 21 away from the spring 21-1 is an arc block made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which has the advantage of low friction while ensuring durability. When the shear pin 21 slides in contact with the outer ring of the sleeve 12-1, it will not scratch the outer ring of the sleeve 12-1.

[0067] The outer ring of the sliding sleeve 12-1 is provided with two O-ring seals made of fluororubber to adapt to high-pressure environments.

[0068] A control method for a half-stage cementing multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulation sub, comprising the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: According to the requirements of oil well cementing operations, a plurality of sub-assemblies 1 are assembled vertically. The upper joint 13 and the lower joint 14 are connected in cooperation to ensure installation stability and sealing. Among them, the upper joint 13 is at the top position of the sub-assembly 1, and the lower joint 14 is at the bottom position of the sub-assembly 1.

[0070] In the initial state, the sliding sleeve 12-1 is in the closed state. As shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification, Figure 2 the second sphere 15 is not placed inside the sliding sleeve 12-1. The sliding sleeve 12-1 covers and blocks the discharge port 11-1. The medium flows from the upper joint 13 through the displacement assembly 12 and the outer housing 11 and is transmitted through the lower joint 14.

[0071] Step 2: When it is necessary to switch the discharge path, cooperate with the special operation tool, probe into the sub-assembly 1 at the appropriate position along the pipe string, and then drop the second sphere 15 into the upper joint 13. At this time, the first sphere 12-2 is placed in the first card slot 11-2 and is in the storage state in the storage groove 12-11. The second sphere 15 can directly enter the sliding sleeve 12-1.

[0072] Step 3: Continuously input the medium. Since the second sphere 15 is in sealed cooperation with the sliding sleeve 12-1 and the sliding sleeve 12-1 blocks the discharge port 11-1, the pressure on the sliding sleeve 12-1 gradually increases as the medium is introduced. When the medium conveying pressure is greater than the shear value of the shear pin 21, the shear pin 21 in the positioning hole 12-12 is sheared by the force. The medium pushes the second sphere 15 and the sliding sleeve 12-1 to slide to the open state. As shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification, Figure 5 the discharge port 11-1 is exposed, allowing the medium to bypass and flow out.

[0073] Step 4: When the corresponding shear pin 21 is cut, its shear surface is uneven. When the sliding sleeve 12-1 is displaced a certain distance, the movable block 22 contacts the inclined groove 11-5 and is squeezed, retracts into the auxiliary groove 12-14 and rotates. When the movable block 22 rotates, the inclined surface at its end pushes the shear pin 21, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 21-1 and retracting into the mounting hole 11-4, so that the shear pin 21 is completely retracted into the mounting hole 11-4 and the spring 21-1 is compressed.

[0074] Step 5: As the sliding sleeve 12-1 continues to slide, one end of the shear pin 21 slides in contact with the sliding sleeve 12-1, avoiding frictional damage to the sliding sleeve 12-1 or the outer housing 11 caused by the uneven shear surface.

[0075] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi - stage cementing multi - level self - locking ball - catching circulation sub, characterized in that: Comprising, A short joint assembly (1), including a housing (11), with a discharge port (11-1) opened at the top of the housing (11), a displacement assembly (12) is arranged inside the housing (11), including a sliding sleeve (12-1) slidably connected inside the housing (11), a receiving groove (12-11) is opened on the outer ring of the sliding sleeve (12-1), a first sphere (12-2) is slidably connected inside the receiving groove (12-11), an upper joint (13) is fixed at one end of the housing (11), a lower joint (14) is fixed at the other end of the housing (11), and a second sphere (15) is slidably connected inside the sliding sleeve (12-1); and, A limiting assembly (2), arranged on the outer ring of the housing (11), including a shear pin (21) located inside the housing (11), a spring (21-1) is fixed at one end of the shear pin (21), a screw head (21-2) is fixed at the other end of the spring (21-1), a movable block (22) is rotatably connected at the top of the sliding sleeve (12-1), and a torsion spring (22-1) is sleeved on the movable block (22).

2. The multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulation sub for semi-well cementing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: A first card slot (11-2) is opened inside the housing (11), a second card slot (11-3) is opened inside the housing (11), and the second card slot (11-3) communicates with the discharge port (11-1).

3. The multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulation nipple for semi-casing cementing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameters of the first card slot (11-2) and the second card slot (11-3) are the same, and both are matched with the first sphere (12-2). The number of the receiving grooves (12-11) is three, and they are circumferentially and arrayedly distributed on the sliding sleeve (12-1).

4. The multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulating sub for semi-casing cementing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A positioning hole (12-12) is opened at the top of the sliding sleeve (12-1), a guiding groove (12-13) is opened at the bottom of the sliding sleeve (12-1), and both the positioning hole (12-12) and the guiding groove (12-13) are slidably matched with the shear pin (21).

5. The multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulating sub for semi-batch cementing according to claim 1, wherein: Installation holes (11-4) are opened at both the top and bottom of the housing (11), and they are matched with the shear pin (21). The outer ring of the screw head (21-2) is threadedly connected inside the installation hole (11-4).

6. The multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulating nipple for semi-casing cementing according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the shear pin (21) contacts the movable block (22), and an auxiliary groove (12-14) is opened on the outer ring of the sliding sleeve (12-1), and it is slidably matched with the movable block (22).

7. The multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulation sub for semi-casing as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the torsion spring (22-1) is fixed on the movable block (22), and the other end of the torsion spring (22-1) is fixed inside the auxiliary groove (12-14).

8. The ball-catching circulating sub with multi-stage self-locking for semi-casing cementing according to claim 7, wherein: An inclined groove (11-5) is opened on the inner ring of the housing (11), and one end of the movable block (22) is slidably connected inside the inclined groove (11-5).

9. The multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulation nipple for semi-casing cementing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the sliding sleeve (12-1) is in sliding contact with the inner ring of the housing (11) and is sealed.

10. A control method for a half - stage cementing multi - stage self - locking ball - catching circulation sub, characterized in that: Including the semi-stage cementing multi-stage self-locking ball-catching circulating short joint according to any one of claims 1-9, and further including the following steps: Step 1: According to the requirements of oil well cementing operations, multiple short joint components (1) are assembled, connected by the upper joint (13) and the lower joint (14), and the installation stability and sealing performance are ensured. In the initial state, the sliding sleeve (12-1) is in the closed state, the second sphere (15) is not placed inside the sliding sleeve (12-1), the sliding sleeve (12-1) covers and blocks the discharge port (11-1), and the medium flows through the displacement component (12) and the outer housing (11) from the upper joint (13) and is transmitted through the lower joint (14). Step 2: When it is necessary to switch the discharge path, cooperate with the special operation tool, probe into the appropriate position along the pipe string, and then drop the second sphere (15) into the upper joint (13). Step 3: Continuously input the medium. When the conveying pressure of the medium is greater than the shear value of the shear pin (21), the shear pin (21) is cut off, the sliding sleeve (12-1) slides to the open state, and at the same time the second sphere (15) is placed inside the sliding sleeve (12-1), and the discharge port (11-1) is exposed, allowing the medium to flow out through the switched path.

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