Amplitude consistency processing method and device for seismic imaging amplitude-preserving data

Abstract

The invention discloses an amplitude consistency processing method and device for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out instantaneous gain on the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data to obtain pre-gain, post-gain and expected horizon root-mean-square amplitudes; dynamically clicking out abnormal amplitude different range data and normal amplitude range data; on the basis of the gain, after data in different ranges of abnormal amplitudes are compensated by expected horizon root mean square amplitudes, the data are combined with data in a normal amplitude range to obtain new result data; and carrying out horizon amplitude attribute analysis on the new result data to judge whether the amplitudes are consistent or not, and if the amplitudes are abnormal, iteratively executing the operation until the amplitudes are completely consistent. According to the method provided by the invention, the problem of local attribute amplitude abnormity occurring in the stratigraphic amplitude interpretation of the seismic imaging amplitude preservation data of the ultra-large-area complex underground geological structure is solved, and the method is flexible, efficient, high in self-adaption, low in cost and capable of better meeting the interpretation reservoir prediction requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of processing and interpretation of seismic data in geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a method and device for amplitude consistency processing of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data. Background Art

[0002] In the process of seismic data processing, in order to eliminate the amplitude differences caused by spherical spreading effect, absorption attenuation, differences in excitation and reception conditions, and non-geological factors during the propagation of seismic waves in underground media, amplitude consistency processing is a necessary task, so as to improve the spatio-temporal consistency of seismic records, and further enable the amplitude changes of seismic data to truly reflect the lithological changes of underground reservoirs.

[0003] Currently, the amplitude consistency processing methods mainly include spherical spreading compensation, surface-consistent amplitude compensation, Q compensation, and residual amplitude compensation, etc. Among them, spherical spreading compensation is to compensate for the energy of seismic waves that varies with the propagation distance VT and is absorbed and attenuated by inelastic media, and obtain the amplitude compensation factor G(T) = V 2 T / V 2 min , where V is the velocity, T is the propagation time, and V min is the minimum velocity in the velocity file. After compensation, the energies of the shallow, medium, and deep layers of a single shot can reach consistency. Surface-consistent amplitude compensation is to compensate for the energy differences brought about by different excitation and reception conditions during the propagation of seismic waves, select the time window of effective information, perform root-mean-square amplitude energy statistics on the data within the time window, and obtain Where t is the start time of the time window, N is the length of the time window, j is the sample point from t to t + N, a(j) is the amplitude of the j-th point, and P is the root mean square amplitude within the time window. Then, the amplitude P statistically calculated for all data is decomposed into the surface-consistent shot domain, common receiver domain, and common offset domain to obtain the average amplitude in each domain. Thus, the ratios of the average amplitude in each domain to individual shot points, receivers, and offsets can be calculated to obtain the scaling factors. Finally, each scaling factor is used to perform a scaling operation on the seismic traces to achieve relative balance of lateral amplitudes. Q compensation is to compensate for the energy consumed and absorbed by seismic waves during propagation in the subsurface medium and estimate the Q value. There are various methods for obtaining the Q value, such as estimating the formation Q value based on the time imaging principle, estimating the Q value by measuring the attenuation coefficient of reflected waves using VSP synthetic records, and estimating the Q value through field Q value surveys. Applying the Q value to seismic data compensates for the amplitude differences of seismic waves in time. The above three compensation methods are basically applied to prestack seismic data. Residual amplitude compensation can be used for both prestack and poststack seismic data. As the name implies, this method mainly performs residual amplitude compensation on the prestack data that still has amplitude differences after amplitude compensation processing, in order to apply the method of maintaining relative amplitude consistency to maintain the relative amplitude of the data, improve amplitude consistency, better perform prestack AVO analysis, and reduce the variation of spatial amplitudes in poststack data.

[0004] The combined use of the above several compensation methods can basically solve the problem of inconsistent amplitudes in seismic data with relatively mild differences in surface conditions. However, for the processing of seismic data covering a super-large area of several thousand square kilometers spliced together from more than a dozen blocks, due to characteristics such as long intervals between acquisition years, different instrument equipment used, different observation systems, and rapid lateral changes in reservoirs and complex lithological combinations in the vertical direction in some blocks, the combined application of amplitude compensation methods is difficult to solve the problem of amplitude consistency for prestack data at one time. There may be problems such as strong overall energy in some blocks and weak overall energy in some blocks in the plane interpretation attribute of the root mean square amplitude along the layer, resulting in the inability to interpret seismic results, seriously affecting formation tracing, lithological phase change analysis, and prediction of reservoir hydrocarbon-bearing properties. Therefore, a technique and device for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved interpretation data are needed to solve the problem of abnormal amplitudes in super-large area interpretation data and provide supporting interpretation techniques for accurate and efficient reservoir prediction.

[0005] Based on this technical background, the present invention studies a method and device for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for amplitude consistency processing of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data. Based on the root-mean-square amplitude statistics along layers and targeting the amplitude of instantaneous gain statistics, the method dynamically selects regions requiring amplitude adjustment for amplitude statistics, obtains the average amplitudes before and after instantaneous gain, thereby obtaining an amplitude compensation factor model for the amplitude adjustment region, and applies this model to the data requiring amplitude adjustment, solving the problem of abnormal amplitude along layers. This method is flexible, efficient, highly adaptive, and low-cost, and can better meet the requirements of reservoir prediction interpretation.

[0007] To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for amplitude consistency processing of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, including:

[0008] Performing instantaneous gain on the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data to obtain the amplitudes before gain, after gain, and the desired root-mean-square amplitude along layers;

[0009] Dynamically selecting data in different ranges of abnormal amplitudes and data in the normal amplitude range;

[0010] After compensating the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitudes based on the amplitudes before gain and the desired root-mean-square amplitude along layers, merging them with the data in the normal amplitude range to obtain new result data;

[0011] Performing along-layer amplitude attribute analysis on the new result data to determine whether the amplitudes are consistent. If the amplitudes are abnormal, iteratively execute the above operations until the amplitudes are completely consistent.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for amplitude consistency processing of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, including:

[0013] An amplitude calculation module for performing instantaneous gain on the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data to obtain the amplitudes before gain, after gain, and the desired root-mean-square amplitude along layers;

[0014] A selection module for dynamically selecting data in different ranges of abnormal amplitudes and data in the normal amplitude range;

[0015] A compensation module for compensating the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitudes based on the amplitudes before gain and the desired root-mean-square amplitude along layers, and merging them with the data in the normal amplitude range to obtain new result data;

[0016] A judgment module for performing along-layer amplitude attribute analysis on the new result data to determine whether the amplitudes are consistent. If the amplitudes are abnormal, iteratively execute the above selection operations until the amplitudes are completely consistent.

[0017] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes:

[0018] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0019] A processor that runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data described in the first aspect.

[0020] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data described in the first aspect.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0022] (1) The amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention is based on the root-mean-square amplitude statistics along layers and aims at the amplitude of instantaneous gain statistics. It dynamically selects the regions that need amplitude adjustment for amplitude statistics, obtains the amplitude average values before and after instantaneous gain, and thus obtains the amplitude compensation factor model for the amplitude adjustment region. Applying this model to the data that needs amplitude adjustment solves the problem of abnormal amplitude along layers. This method is flexible, efficient, highly adaptive, and low-cost, and can better meet the requirements of reservoir prediction interpretation.

[0023] (2) The amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention performs instantaneous gain on the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, combines with the dynamic point selection range tool to select the amplitude abnormal ranges at different positions, and through iterative processing of instantaneous gain and dynamic point selection, achieves the consistency of the amplitude attributes along layers in the final interpretation of the imaging amplitude-preserved data.

[0024] (3) The amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention can well maintain the amplitude characteristics by dynamically adjusting the amplitude of the abnormal range, and there will be no amplitude anomalies at the data merging points and hard boundaries, solving the problem of abnormal amplitude along layers in the imaging amplitude-preserved data of ultra-large area contiguous data. It is a comprehensive interpretation supporting technology with high practicality.

[0025] (4) The amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention enables better tracing of the strata by the processed data, truly reflects the lithological characteristics of the underground structure, provides strong technical support for the interpretation of imaging amplitude-preserved data of ultra-large area complex underground geological structures, meets the requirements of comprehensive interpretation of seismic data, and has good application prospects in seismic data processing and interpretation.

[0026] (5) The amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention solves the problem of local attribute amplitude anomalies in the interpretation of amplitude along layers in the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data of ultra-large area complex underground geological structures. This method can be applied to the comprehensive interpretation and analysis of seismic data in oil and gas seismic exploration and unconventional seismic exploration.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of a specific implementation of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic comparison diagram of the instantaneous gain before and after profiles and the root mean square amplitude statistical curve along layers in a specific implementation of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the dynamically selected abnormal amplitude range in line, plane, and space in a specific implementation of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the online, plane, and space display of the compensation factor model in a specific implementation of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic comparison diagram of the dynamically adjusted amplitude consistency processing profiles in a specific implementation of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic comparison diagram of the root mean square amplitude attribute plane along layers in a specific implementation of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic comparison diagram of the dynamically adjusted amplitude consistency processing profiles in another specific implementation of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 It is a schematic comparison diagram of the root mean square amplitude attribute plane along layers in another specific implementation of the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the present invention. SPECIFIC IMPLEMENTATION

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.

[0039] The present invention provides a method for amplitude consistency processing of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, as Figure 1 shown, including:

[0040] Performing instantaneous gain on the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data to obtain the pre-gain, post-gain, and desired RMS amplitude along the layer;

[0041] Dynamically selecting data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude and data in the normal amplitude range;

[0042] After compensating the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude based on the pre-gain and desired RMS amplitude along the layer, merging with the data in the normal amplitude range to obtain new result data;

[0043] Performing along-layer amplitude attribute analysis on the new result data to determine whether the amplitudes are consistent. If the amplitudes are abnormal, iteratively execute the above operations until the amplitudes are completely consistent.

[0044] In the present invention, based on the RMS amplitude statistics along the layer and aiming at the amplitude statistics of instantaneous gain, dynamically select the regions where amplitude adjustment is required for amplitude statistics, obtain the average amplitudes before and after instantaneous gain, thereby obtaining the amplitude compensation factor model for the amplitude adjustment region, and applying this model to the data that requires amplitude adjustment, solving the problem of abnormal amplitude along the layer. This method is flexible and efficient, has strong adaptability, low cost, and can better meet the requirements of reservoir prediction interpretation.

[0045] In the present invention, by performing instantaneous gain on the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data and combining with the dynamic range selection tool, select the amplitude abnormal ranges at different positions, and through iterative processing of instantaneous gain and dynamic range selection, achieve the consistency of the along-layer amplitude attributes in the final interpretation of the amplitude-preserved data.

[0046] According to the present invention, the calculation formula for the gain factor proportionality coefficient of instantaneous gain is:

[0047]

[0048] where B is the desired RMS amplitude value, A i is the gain factor proportionality coefficient required for the i-th data window, N is the number of samples in the i-th window, X j is the amplitude value of the j-th sampling point in the i-th window, and p is the specified time exponent.

[0049] According to the present invention, the formulas used to calculate the RMS amplitude along the layer before and after gain are:

[0050] T out (j) = A i ·T in (j);

[0051] Wherein, T out is the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data after gain, and T in is the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data before gain;

[0052] Extract the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer of the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data before gain and the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data after gain respectively, to obtain the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain.

[0053] Preferably, the formula for obtaining the desired root-mean-square amplitude along the layer is;

[0054] AMP3 = AMP2 × SCALE;

[0055] Wherein, AMP3 is the desired root-mean-square amplitude along the layer, AMP2 is the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer after gain, and SCALE is the scale factor.

[0056] According to the present invention, the calculation formula for the scale factor is:

[0057] SCALE = AVG1 / AVG2;

[0058] Wherein, AVG1 is the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before gain, and AVG2 is the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain.

[0059] In the present invention, by dynamically adjusting the amplitude of the abnormal range, the amplitude characteristics can be well maintained, and there will be no amplitude anomalies at the data merging place and the hard boundary, solving the problem of amplitude anomalies along the layer of the amplitude-preserved data for super-large area continuous data imaging, which is a comprehensive interpretation supporting technology with high practicality.

[0060] According to the present invention, the calculation formulas for the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before gain and the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain are:

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, x is the coordinate point of the main survey line, y is the coordinate point of the connecting line, i is the total number of main survey lines, and y is the total number of connecting lines.

[0063] Preferably, the calculation formula for the compensation factor used for compensation is:

[0064] SMOD(r) = AMP3(r) / AMP1(r);

[0065] Wherein, r is the coordinate of the data in different ranges of the abnormal amplitude;

[0066] The compensation multiplies data with different ranges of abnormal amplitudes by a compensation factor;

[0067] The coordinate representation of data with different ranges of abnormal amplitudes is r(x, y, t);

[0068] Among them, x is the coordinate point of the main survey line, y is the coordinate point of the connecting line, and t is the time.

[0069] In the present invention, the processed data can better trace the formation, truly reflect the lithological characteristics of the underground structure, provide strong technical support for the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data interpretation of ultra-large area complex underground geological structures, meet the requirements of comprehensive seismic data interpretation, and have good application prospects in seismic data processing and interpretation.

[0070] The method of the present invention solves the problem of local attribute amplitude anomalies in the amplitude interpretation along layers of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data for ultra-large area complex underground geological structures. This method can be applied to the comprehensive interpretation and analysis of seismic data in oil and gas seismic exploration and unconventional seismic exploration.

[0071] The present invention will be described in more detail below through embodiments.

[0072] Embodiment 1:

[0073] In this embodiment, Hangjinqi in the northern margin of the Ordos Basin is selected. This area has an ultra-large area complex underground geological structure. Therefore, the amplitude consistency processing method of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data in this embodiment is used to carry out the amplitude consistency processing of amplitude-preserved data.

[0074] The workflow implemented by the amplitude consistency processing method of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data in this embodiment is as Figure 2 shown, and the implementation steps of the method are as follows:

[0075] 1) Input the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data DATA1 that needs to be adjusted;

[0076] 2) Use the instantaneous gain factor proportionality coefficient A in formula (1) i , and apply formula (2) to add gain to DATA1 to obtain data DATA2;

[0077]

[0078] Among them, B is the root mean square amplitude value of the expected output (a user-defined constant), A i is the gain factor proportionality coefficient required for the i-th data window, N is the number of samples in the i-th window, X j is the amplitude value of the j-th sampling point in the i-th window, and p is the specified time exponent;

[0079] T out(j) = A i ·T in (j)(2);

[0080] where T out is the output data after gain, and T in is the data that needs to be gain-processed;

[0081] 3) Respectively perform attribute interpretation on DATA1 and DATA2, and extract the root mean square amplitudes AMP1(x,y) and AMP2(x,y) along the layer (10 ms time window above and below) of each point AMP1(x,y), as shown by the amplitude curve in Figure 3 ;

[0082] 4) Use formula (3) to calculate the average of the amplitude values of AMP1 and AMP2 respectively to obtain AVG1 and AVG2;

[0083]

[0084] where x is the main survey line coordinate point, y is the connecting line coordinate point, i is the total number of main survey lines, and y is the total number of connecting lines;

[0085] 5) Obtain the proportionality coefficient SCALE = AVG1 / AVG2;

[0086] 6) Although there will be no amplitude anomaly problem for DATA2 after gain processing, the amplitude preservation of the gain-processed data is poor, and its amplitude interpretation attribute along the layer cannot truly reflect the lithology change, which affects the prediction of hydrocarbon-bearing property analysis of the reservoir. Therefore, the amplitude-preserved data DATA1 is used for interpretation and analysis of hydrocarbon-bearing lithology, etc., instead of using the gain-processed data for analysis. The reason is that in this implementation, the amplitude attribute along the layer of DATA2 is used to dynamically adjust the abnormal amplitude attribute in DATA1. By obtaining the expected amplitude AMP3 = AMP2 × SCALE that needs to be adjusted, the amplitude anomaly problem of DATA1 is solved;

[0087] 7) Use the dynamic point selection range tool to select the data DATA3(r) with abnormal amplitudes in different spatial ranges r(x,y,t) and the data DATA4(r) with normal amplitude ranges from the DATA1 data, as shown in Figure 4 ;

[0088] 8) Obtain the compensation factor model SMOD(r) of r(x,y,t) = AMP3(r) / AMP1(r), as shown in Figure 5 ;

[0089] 9) Obtain the data DATA5(r) after dynamically adjusted amplitude compensation = DATA3(r) × SMOD(r);

[0090] 10) Combine DATA5(r) and Merge them to generate new result data DATA6 after dynamic adjustment;

[0091] 11) Conduct an interpretation and analysis of the amplitude attributes along the layer for DATA6 to determine whether the amplitudes are consistent. If there are still abnormal amplitude problems, iterate the processing of DATA6 through steps 2) to 10) until the amplitudes are completely consistent;

[0092] 12.) Steps 2) to 11) can be defined as a device for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data. By applying the device to iterate the processing of different abnormal amplitude ranges, the final amplitude-preserved data with consistent amplitudes is output for interpretation.

[0093] From Figure 6 It can be seen from the range of the black dotted circle that, by using the method for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data in this embodiment, the lateral amplitude consistency of the processed profile is better, and the root mean square amplitude curve is stable;

[0094] From Figure 7 It can be seen from the range of the black circle that, by using the method for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data in this embodiment, the abnormal energy is significantly adjusted, and the planar amplitude becomes balanced.

[0095] Embodiment 2:

[0096] The method for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, Zhenjing at the southern end of Tianhuan Depression in Ordos Basin is selected to carry out the processing of the amplitude consistency of imaging amplitude-preserved data.

[0097] From Figure 8 It can be seen that, by using the method for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data in this embodiment, the amplitude consistency of the processed profile is better, and the amplitudes inside and outside the black circle are relatively consistent;

[0098] From Figure 9 It can be seen that, by using the method for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data in this embodiment, the strong abnormal energy inside the black circle is significantly adjusted, the amplitudes inside and outside the circle are kept consistent, and the fractures of different scales become clearer, comprehensively demonstrating the feasibility of the method of the present invention for solving abnormal amplitudes.

[0099] Embodiment 3:

[0100] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a method for processing the amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, including:

[0101] After performing instantaneous gain on the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, obtain the pre-gain, post-gain, and desired root mean square amplitudes along the layer;

[0102] Dynamically select data with different ranges of abnormal amplitudes and data with normal amplitude ranges;

[0103] After compensating the data with different ranges of abnormal amplitudes based on the pre-gain and expected root-mean-square amplitude along the layer, merge it with the data with normal amplitude ranges to obtain new result data;

[0104] Perform an analysis of the amplitude attributes along the layer on the new result data to determine whether the amplitudes are consistent. If the amplitudes are abnormal, iterate and execute the above operations until the amplitudes are completely consistent;

[0105] The calculation formula for the gain factor proportionality coefficient of the instantaneous gain is:

[0106]

[0107] where B is the root-mean-square amplitude value of the expected output, A i is the gain factor proportionality coefficient required for the i-th data window, N is the number of samples in the i-th window, X j is the amplitude value of the j-th sampling point in the i-th window, and p is the specified time exponent;

[0108] The formulas used to calculate the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain are:

[0109] T out (j) = A i ·T in (j);

[0110] where T out is the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data after gain, and T in is the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data before gain;

[0111] Extract the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer of the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data before and after gain respectively to obtain the root-mean-square amplitude before and after gain;

[0112] The formula used to calculate the expected root-mean-square amplitude along the layer is;

[0113] AMP3 = AMP2 × SCALE;

[0114] where AMP3 is the expected root-mean-square amplitude along the layer, AMP2 is the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer after gain, and SCALE is the proportionality coefficient;

[0115] The calculation formula for the proportionality coefficient is:

[0116] SCALE = AVG1 / AVG2;

[0117] where AVG1 is the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before gain, and AVG2 is the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain;

[0118] The calculation formulas for the average root-mean-square amplitude of the in-line layer before gain and the average root-mean-square amplitude of the in-line layer before and after gain are as follows:

[0119]

[0120] where x is the coordinate point of the main survey line, y is the coordinate point of the connecting line, i is the total number of main survey lines, and y is the total number of connecting lines;

[0121] The calculation formula for the compensation factor used for compensation is:

[0122] SMOD(r) = AMP3(r) / AMP1(r);

[0123] where r is the coordinate of the data in different ranges of the abnormal amplitude;

[0124] The compensation is the multiplication operation of the data in different ranges of the abnormal amplitude and the compensation factor;

[0125] The coordinate representation form of the data in different ranges of the abnormal amplitude is r(x, y, t);

[0126] where x is the coordinate point of the main survey line, y is the coordinate point of the connecting line, and t is the time.

[0127] Example 4:

[0128] This embodiment provides an amplitude consistency processing device for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, including:

[0129] An amplitude calculation module, configured to obtain the root-mean-square amplitude of the in-line layer before gain, after gain, and the desired one after performing instantaneous gain on the seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data;

[0130] A point selection module, configured to dynamically select data in different ranges of the abnormal amplitude and data in the normal amplitude range;

[0131] A compensation module, configured to compensate the data in different ranges of the abnormal amplitude based on the root-mean-square amplitude of the in-line layer before gain and the desired one, and then merge with the data in the normal amplitude range to obtain new result data;

[0132] A judgment module, configured to analyze the in-line amplitude attribute of the new result data to judge whether the amplitude is consistent. If the amplitude is abnormal, iterate and execute the above selection operation until the amplitude is completely consistent;

[0133] The calculation formula for the gain factor proportionality coefficient of the instantaneous gain is:

[0134]

[0135] where B is the root-mean-square amplitude value of the expected output, A iis the gain factor proportionality coefficient required for the i-th data window, N is the number of samples in the i-th window, and X j is the amplitude value of the j-th sampling point in the i-th window, and p is the specified time exponent;

[0136] The formulas for calculating the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain are as follows:

[0137] T out (j) = A i ·T in (j);

[0138] Among them, T out is the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data after gain, and T in is the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data before gain;

[0139] Extract the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer of the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data before and after gain respectively to obtain the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain;

[0140] The formula for calculating the expected root-mean-square amplitude along the layer is;

[0141] AMP3 = AMP2 × SCALE;

[0142] Among them, AMP3 is the expected root-mean-square amplitude along the layer, AMP2 is the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer after gain, and SCALE is the proportionality coefficient;

[0143] The calculation formula for the proportionality coefficient is:

[0144] SCALE = AVG1 / AVG2;

[0145] Among them, AVG1 is the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before gain, and AVG2 is the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain;

[0146] The calculation formulas for the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before gain and the average value of the root-mean-square amplitude along the layer before and after gain are:

[0147]

[0148] Among them, x is the coordinate point of the main survey line, y is the coordinate point of the connecting line, i is the total number of main survey lines, and y is the total number of connecting lines;

[0149] The calculation formula for the compensation factor used for compensation is:

[0150] SMOD(r) = AMP3(r) / AMP1(r);

[0151] Among them, r is the coordinate of the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude;

[0152] The compensation multiplies the data of different ranges of abnormal amplitudes by a compensation factor;

[0153] The coordinate representation of the data of different ranges of abnormal amplitudes is r(x, y, t);

[0154] where x is the coordinate point of the main survey line, y is the coordinate point of the connecting line, and t is the time.

[0155] Embodiment Five:

[0156] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor.

[0157] The memory stores executable instructions;

[0158] The processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data.

[0159] This memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, and these computer program products may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. This volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory, etc. This non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0160] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In an embodiment of the present invention, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in this memory.

[0161] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain good user experience effects, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses, interfaces, etc., and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0162] For the detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and details will not be repeated here.

[0163] Embodiment Six:

[0164] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, and this computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when this computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data.

[0165] A computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are run by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention described above are executed.

[0166] The above computer-readable storage medium includes but is not limited to: optical storage media (such as CD-ROMs and DVDs), magneto-optical storage media (such as MOs), magnetic storage media (such as magnetic tapes or external hard drives), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memories (such as memory cards), and media with built-in ROMs (such as ROM cartridges).

[0167] The amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data proposed by the embodiments of the present invention is based on the root-mean-square amplitude statistics along layers and aims at the amplitude of instantaneous gain statistics. It dynamically selects the regions that need amplitude adjustment for amplitude statistics, obtains the average amplitudes before and after instantaneous gain, thereby obtaining the amplitude compensation factor model for the amplitude adjustment regions, and applies this model to the data that needs amplitude adjustment, solving the problem of abnormal amplitude along layers. This method is flexible, efficient, highly adaptive, and low-cost, and can better meet the requirements of reservoir prediction interpretation.

[0168] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is also not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for processing amplitude consistency of seismic imaging amplitude-preserving data, characterized in that: Including: After performing instantaneous gain on seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, the pre-gain, post-gain, and expected RMS amplitude along layers are obtained; Dynamically select data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude and data in the normal amplitude range; After compensating the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude based on the pre-gain and expected RMS amplitude along layers, merge it with the data in the normal amplitude range to obtain new result data; Perform along-layer amplitude attribute analysis on the new result data to determine whether the amplitudes are consistent. If the amplitude is abnormal, iteratively execute the above operations until the amplitudes are completely consistent.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation formula for the gain factor proportionality coefficient of the instantaneous gain is: Among them, B is the root mean square amplitude value of the expected output, and A i is the gain factor proportionality coefficient required for the i-th data window, N is the number of samples in the i-th window, and X j is the amplitude value of the j-th sampling point in the i-th window, and p is the specified time exponent.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The formulas used to calculate the RMS amplitude along layers before and after gain are: T out (j) = A i ·T in (j); Among them, T out is the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging data after gain, T in This is the amplitude-preserved data of seismic imaging before gain; Extract the RMS amplitude along layers of the pre-gain seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data and the post-gain seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data respectively to obtain the RMS amplitude along layers before and after gain.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The formula used to calculate the expected RMS amplitude along layers is; AMP3 = AMP2 × SCALE; Where, AMP3 is the expected RMS amplitude along layers, AMP2 is the RMS amplitude along layers after gain, and SCALE is the proportionality coefficient.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The calculation formula for the proportionality coefficient is: SCALE = AVG1 / AVG2; Where, AVG1 is the average value of the RMS amplitude along layers before gain, and AVG2 is the average value of the RMS amplitude along layers before and after gain.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation formulas for the average value of the RMS amplitude along layers before gain and the average value of the RMS amplitude along layers before and after gain are: Where, x is the main survey line coordinate point, y is the connecting line coordinate point, i is the total number of main survey lines, and y is the total number of connecting lines.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The calculation formula for the compensation factor used for the compensation is: SMOD(r) = AMP3(r) / AMP1(r); Where, r is the coordinate of the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude; The compensation is the multiplication operation of the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude and the compensation factor; The coordinate representation form of the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude is r(x, y, t); Where, x is the main survey line coordinate point, y is the connecting line coordinate point, and t is the time.

8. An amplitude consistency processing device for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data, characterized in that, Including: An amplitude calculation module, used to obtain the pre-gain, post-gain, and expected RMS amplitude along layers after performing instantaneous gain on seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data; A selection module, used to dynamically select data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude and data in the normal amplitude range; A compensation module, used to compensate the data in different ranges of abnormal amplitude based on the pre-gain and expected RMS amplitude along layers, and then merge it with the data in the normal amplitude range to obtain new result data; A judgment module, used to perform along-layer amplitude attribute analysis on the new result data to determine whether the amplitudes are consistent. If the amplitude is abnormal, iteratively execute the above selection operations until the amplitudes are completely consistent.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes: A memory, storing executable instructions; A processor, the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the amplitude consistency processing method for seismic imaging amplitude-preserved data according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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