Composite leaf surface conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment of brown rice and application method of composite leaf surface conditioner

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite leaf surface conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment of brown rice and an application method of the composite leaf surface conditioner, and relates to the technical field of agriculture. The concentration of sodium sulfide is 2-4 mmol / L; the concentration of aspartic acid is 10 to 15 mg / L; the concentration of the Tween 80 is 0.1 to 0.3 g / L; and the balance of water. From the heading stage of the rice, the spraying amount per mu is 20-30 kg; according to the method, the synergistic effect of the NaHS, the sodium sulfide and the aspartic acid is utilized, the spreading area is increased by adopting the surfactant, the cadmium reduction effect of the brown rice is greatly improved, and the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach 80% or above; the leaf surface conditioner is simple in component, easy and convenient to operate and outstanding in effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice and a method for applying the same. Background Art

[0002] After cadmium in the soil is absorbed by the roots of rice, it is transferred to the above-ground parts through a series of complex physiological transport pathways and finally accumulates in large amounts in brown rice. When people consume cadmium-contaminated brown rice for a long time, cadmium will gradually accumulate in organs such as the kidneys and bones of the human body, causing various serious health problems such as chronic kidney disease, osteomalacia, and even cancer, seriously threatening human life health and quality of life.

[0003] Traditional means for treating cadmium pollution in soil, such as soil replacement, chemical leaching, etc., although theoretically capable of reducing the cadmium content in the soil, face many insurmountable obstacles in practical applications. Soil replacement projects are huge and costly, requiring a large amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources, and causing great damage to the original soil ecosystem, affecting many aspects such as soil fertility and microbial community structure, and thus being unfavorable to the normal growth of subsequent rice. The chemical leaching method has problems such as difficulty in reagent selection, easy secondary pollution during the leaching process, and large changes in soil texture, and is also difficult to be widely used on a large scale.

[0004] In such a difficult situation, foliar regulation technology has gradually come into people's view as a relatively economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly method. Early foliar regulation research mainly focused on the spraying application of single substances, such as the individual use of certain compounds with certain chelating abilities or simple nutrient element supplementation. However, these methods often only achieve limited cadmium reduction effects and cannot meet the increasingly strict food safety standards. Although there have been some explorations on composite foliar preparations subsequently, most of them have defects such as complex components, poor synergistic effects, and unclear usage methods. Some composite preparations have poor compatibility of each component, not only failing to effectively inhibit the absorption of cadmium by rice, but may also interfere with the normal physiological metabolism process of rice, resulting in negative consequences such as stunted growth and reduced yield of rice.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a composite foliar conditioner with simple components, high synergy, convenient use, and capable of significantly reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice and its application method. In the composite foliar conditioner: the concentration of NaHS is 20-30 μmol / L; the concentration of sodium sulfide is 2-4 mmol / L; the concentration of aspartic acid is 10-15 mg / L; the concentration of Tween 80 is 0.1-0.3 g / L; the rest is water; starting from the heading stage of rice, the spraying amount per mu is 20-30 kg; spraying once every 7-10 days, and continuously spraying 3-5 times. The present invention utilizes the synergistic effect among NaHS, sodium sulfide and aspartic acid, and uses a surfactant to increase the spreading area, jointly and greatly improving the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice of rice, and the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 80%; the foliar conditioner of the present invention has simple components, simple operation and outstanding effects.

[0007] To achieve the above technical effects, the following technical solutions are adopted: A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice, which is composed of the following components: NaHS; sodium sulfide; aspartic acid; surfactant; water.

[0008] Further, the formulation of the composite foliar conditioner is: NaHS: 20-30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 2-4 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10-15 mg / L; surfactant: 0.1-0.3 g / L; the balance is water.

[0009] Further, in the composite foliar conditioner, the surfactant is Tween 80 or OP-10.

[0010] Further, the formulation of the composite foliar conditioner is: NaHS: 20 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 3 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10 mg / L; surfactant: 0.2 g / L; the balance is water.

[0011] Further, the preparation method of the composite foliar conditioner is: Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amounts; directly put NaHS into water and dissolve it, after stirring evenly, successively add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid and surfactant, and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain the composite foliar conditioner. It should be prepared and used immediately, and cannot be stored for more than 6 hours.

[0012] Further, the application method of the composite foliar conditioner is: Starting from the heading stage of rice, spray once every 7-10 days, and continuously spray 3-5 times.

[0013] Further, the application rate of the compound foliar conditioner is 20 - 30 kg per mu.

[0014] Further, the spraying parts are the leaf surfaces and leaf backs of rice.

[0015] Further, the spraying time of the compound foliar inhibitor is the period before 10:00 am or after 4:00 pm on sunny or cloudy days.

[0016] Further, the suitable temperature range for spraying the compound foliar inhibitor is 15 - 30 °C.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention discloses a compound foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice and its application method. In this compound foliar conditioner: the concentration of NaHS is 20 - 30 μmol / L; the concentration of sodium sulfide is 2 - 4 mmol / L; the concentration of aspartic acid is 10 - 15 mg / L; the concentration of Tween 80 is 0.1 - 0.3 g / L; the rest is water; starting from the heading stage of rice, according to the spraying amount of 20 - 30 kg per mu; spraying once every 7 - 10 days, and continuously spraying 3 - 5 times. The present invention utilizes the synergistic effect among NaHS, sodium sulfide and aspartic acid, and uses a surfactant to increase the spreading area, jointly and greatly improving the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice of rice. The cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 80%; the foliar conditioner of the present invention has simple components, is easy to operate, and has prominent effects. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all exemplary and are intended to provide further explanations of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary implementation manners according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Example 1: NaHS: 20 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 3 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10 mg / L; surfactant Tween 80: 0.2 g / L; the balance is water; Taking 100 L of the foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.112 g; sodium sulfide: 23.4 g; aspartic acid: 1 g; surfactant Tween 80: 20 g; the balance is water.

[0022] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve NaHS in water, after stirring evenly, add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain Compound Foliar Conditioner 1.

[0023] Example 2: NaHS: 30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 2 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 15 mg / L; surfactant OP-10: 0.1 g / L; the balance is water.

[0024] Taking 100 L of the foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.168 g; sodium sulfide: 15.6 g; aspartic acid: 1.5 g; surfactant Tween 80: 10 g; the balance is water.

[0025] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve NaHS in water, after stirring evenly, add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain Compound Foliar Conditioner 2.

[0026] Example 3: NaHS: 25 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 4 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 15 mg / L; surfactant Tween 80: 0.3 g / L; the balance is water.

[0027] Taking 100 L of the foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.14 g; sodium sulfide: 31.2 g; aspartic acid: 1.5 g; surfactant Tween 80: 30 g; the balance is water.

[0028] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve NaHS in water, after stirring evenly, add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain Compound Foliar Conditioner 3.

[0029] All comparative examples are based on Example 1.

[0030] Comparative Example 1: Taking 100 L of foliar conditioner as an example, sodium sulfide: 23.4 g + 0.112 g; aspartic acid: 1 g; surfactant Tween 80: 20 g; the balance is water.

[0031] Weigh sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve sodium sulfide in water, after stirring evenly, add aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar conditioner 4.

[0032] Comparative Example 2: Taking 100 L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.112 g; aspartic acid: 23.4 g + 1 g; surfactant Tween 80: 20 g; the balance is water.

[0033] Weigh NaHS, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve NaHS in water, after stirring evenly, add aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar conditioner 5.

[0034] Comparative Example 3: Taking 100 L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.112 g; sodium sulfide: 23.4 g + 1 g; surfactant Tween 80: 20 g; the balance is water.

[0035] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve NaHS in water, after stirring evenly, add sodium sulfide and surfactant in sequence, and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar conditioner 6.

[0036] Comparative Example 4: Taking 100 L of foliar conditioner as an example, aspartic acid: 23.4 g + 0.112 g + 1 g; surfactant Tween 80: 20 g; the balance is water.

[0037] Weigh aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve aspartic acid in water, after stirring evenly, add surfactant in sequence, and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar conditioner 7.

[0038] Comparative Example 5: Taking 100 L of foliar conditioner as an example, sodium sulfide: 23.4 g + 0.112 g + 1 g; surfactant Tween 80: 20 g; the balance is water.

[0039] Weigh sodium sulfide, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve sodium sulfide in water, after stirring evenly, add surfactant and stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar conditioner 8.

[0040] Comparative Example 6: Taking 100 L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 23.4 g + 1 g + 0.112 g; surfactant Tween 80: 20 g; the balance is water.

[0041] Weigh NaHS, surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly put NaHS into water and dissolve it, and stir to dissolve evenly to obtain Compound Foliar Conditioner 9.

[0042] Comparative Example 7: Taking 100 L of foliar conditioner as an example, surfactant Tween 80: 20 g; the balance is water.

[0043] Weigh the surfactant and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly put the surfactant into water and dissolve it, and stir to dissolve evenly to obtain Compound Foliar Conditioner 10.

[0044] Next, evaluate the compound foliar conditioners in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7: Spraying effect verification test: Field plot tests were carried out on the compound foliar conditioners in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7. The test process is as follows: Specifically: Test site: Lijia Village, Luofang Town, Yushui District, Xinyu City Test field plot: The total cadmium content of the soil is 0.67 mg / kg; the pH is 5.4, the available cadmium content is 0.39 mg / kg, and the rice variety is unified, which is the local main variety (Geliangyou 5128).

[0045] Test time: Mid-season rice season in 2024 Test settings: The above Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 are respectively single treatment area treatments. The entire field plot is divided into 44 plots, and the area of each plot is 20 m

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[0044] , , leaving a 25 cm space between plots and not setting field ridges. All plots are within the same field plot, and the growth environment, soil fertility and other conditions are exactly the same. Every 4 plots are a treatment area (4 repeated experiments), with a total of 11 treatment areas. Treatment area 1 is the blank control group CK (spraying an equal amount of clear water blank control group), and treatment areas 2-11 are the compound foliar conditioners in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 in turn; The application amount of each compound foliar conditioner is 20 kg / mu; the spraying parts are the rice leaf surface and the back of the leaf; the spraying time of the compound foliar inhibitor is in the period before 10 am or after 4 pm on sunny or cloudy days. The suitable spraying temperature range is 25 °C.

[0046] Starting from the rice heading stage, use a knapsack sprayer to spray on the rice in each treatment area, spray once every 10 days, and spray continuously 4 times.

[0047] Other field water and fertilizer management methods and pest and disease prevention and control methods are the same as the traditional methods. After the rice is mature (early November), each plot is harvested for yield measurement. The rice grains are collected and threshed; and the cadmium content in the rice is measured.

[0048] Method for measuring cadmium content in brown rice: Take 0.1 g of brown rice powder sample, add 5 mL of nitric acid and 3.0 mL of hydrogen peroxide solution, cover and digest overnight in the cold, digest for 2 h using a graphite digester and make up the volume to 25 mL. The cadmium concentration in the digestion solution is analyzed and measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The test results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Differences in rice yield and cadmium content in brown rice of each treatment

[0049] Note 1: In the table, except for the different treatment methods in each group, other conventional cultivations are the same.

[0050] Note 2: According to the requirements of "GB 2762-2022 National Food Safety Standard Limits of Contaminants in Foods", the cadmium content in qualified rice is less than or equal to 0.2 mg / kg.

[0051] According to the experimental results of the above embodiments, the present invention utilizes the synergistic effect among NaHS, sodium sulfide and aspartic acid, and uses a surfactant to increase the spreading area, jointly and greatly improving the cadmium reduction effect of rice brown rice. Compared with the blank group and Comparative Example 7, the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 90%.

[0052] In summary, the present invention discloses a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in rice brown rice and its application method. In the composite foliar conditioner: the concentration of NaHS is 20-30 μmol / L; the concentration of sodium sulfide is 2-4 mmol / L; the concentration of aspartic acid is 10-15 mg / L; the concentration of Tween 80 is 0.1-0.3 g / L; the rest is water; starting from the heading stage of rice, the spraying amount per mu is 20-30 kg; spraying once every 7-10 days, and continuously spraying 3-5 times. The present invention utilizes the synergistic effect among NaHS, sodium sulfide and aspartic acid, and uses a surfactant to increase the spreading area, jointly and greatly improving the cadmium reduction effect of rice brown rice, and the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 80%; the foliar conditioner of the present invention has simple components, simple operation and outstanding effects.

[0053] At this point, those skilled in the art recognize that although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, still, many other variations or modifications that conform to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the content disclosed in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and determined to cover all these other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice, characterized in that, The compound foliar conditioner consists of the following components: NaHS; sodium sulfide; aspartic acid; surfactant; water; The formula of the components of the compound foliar conditioner is: NaHS: 20 - 30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 2 - 4 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10 - 15 mg / L; surfactant: 0.1 - 0.3 g / L; the balance is water.

2. A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the compound foliar conditioner, the surfactant is Tween 80 or OP - 10.

3. A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice as described in claim 1, characterized in that The formula of the components of the compound foliar conditioner is: NaHS: 20 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 3 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10 mg / L; surfactant: 0.2 g / L; the balance is water.

4. A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the compound foliar conditioner is: Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amounts; directly put NaHS into water and dissolve it, after stirring evenly, add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, and stir to dissolve evenly to obtain the compound foliar conditioner. It should be prepared and used immediately and cannot be stored for more than 6 hours.

5. The application method of a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice as described in claim 1, characterized in that The application method is: Start from the heading stage of rice, spray once every 7 - 10 days, and spray continuously for 3 - 5 times.

6. The application method of a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The application amount of the compound foliar conditioner is 20 - 30 kg per mu.

7. The application method of a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The spraying parts are the leaf surface and the back of the rice leaves.

8. The application method of a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice as described in claim 5, characterized in that The spraying time of the compound foliar inhibitor is the period before 10 am or after 4 pm on sunny or cloudy days.

9. The application method of a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice of rice as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The suitable temperature range for spraying the compound foliar inhibitor is 15 - 30 °C.

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