Multiphase reaction interface reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-phase reaction interface reactor, and relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, the multi-phase reaction interface reactor comprises a butt joint inlet piece, an inner ring piece, a butt joint outlet piece and a heat insulation air inlet ring assembly, the butt joint inlet piece comprises a concave flange and a flanging lantern ring, and a flange plate of the concave flange is used for butt joint with a reaction fluid conveying pipeline; the flanging lantern ring is installed in a flange hole of the inner concave flange in a nested mode. Gas to be conveyed passes through a pair of gas inlets of the cooling water jacket outer shell, passes through a catalyst, enters a crack between a heat insulation lantern ring and the cooling water jacket inner shell along a flow channel opening of the cooling water jacket inner shell, finally passes through a plurality of gas inlet channels of a pair of gas inlet rings and then enters a liquid channel in a generator inner ring piece. The fluid after gas-liquid mixing enters the butt joint outlet piece, the sectional area of the fluid is gradually enlarged, the flow speed is reduced, kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, and finally a multi-phase reaction interface is formed from an outlet of the butt joint outlet piece at medium and high pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, and in particular to a multiphase reaction interface reactor. Background Art

[0002] In chemical reactions, wastewater treatment, gas dissolution and other processes, microbubble generators are widely used to improve the gas-liquid mixing efficiency. Traditional microbubble generators are usually made of metal materials. However, in high-temperature, high-pressure and strongly corrosive medium environments, metal materials are prone to oxidation, deformation or corrosion, resulting in shortened equipment life, seal failure or performance degradation.

[0003] To solve the problem of high-temperature corrosion resistance, some existing technologies use silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics as the material of the core components. Silicon carbide has excellent high-temperature stability (can work for a long time at 1400°C - 1600°C), oxidation resistance (forms a SiO2 protective layer on the surface) and corrosion resistance. However, silicon carbide has both high hardness and brittleness. It is prone to cracking due to stress concentration during machining or assembly, and has a large difference in thermal expansion coefficient from metal components. When directly connected, it is prone to cracking or seal failure due to thermal stress. The bubble generators in the existing technologies also have the following problems:

[0004] Insufficient cooling and heat insulation. Relying only on the external cooling water jacket may cause local overheating, and the metal shell may still deform due to heat conduction.

[0005] No efficient heat insulation layer is provided between silicon carbide and metal. High temperature is easily transferred to the metal part, affecting the structural stability. The silicon carbide components are directly exposed to the outside and are easily damaged by mechanical impact.

[0006] The connection method between metal and silicon carbide is single, lacking a buffer design, and is prone to seal failure due to thermal stress or vibration. The traditional bubble generator does not effectively recover the waste heat dissipated by the generator, resulting in energy waste. The cooling water system is only used for cooling and is not combined with the preheating of the feed gas / liquid, so the energy-saving effect is limited. The inlet structure design is single, the gas distribution is uneven, affecting the generation effect of the multiphase reaction interface. The arrangement of catalysts or fillers is not optimized, and the reaction efficiency is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multiphase reaction interface reactor. The following technical solutions are adopted:

[0008] A multiphase reaction interface reactor includes a docking inlet piece, an inner ring piece, a docking outlet piece, and a heat-insulating air inlet ring assembly. The docking inlet piece includes a concave flange and a flanging collar. The flange of the concave flange is used to dock with the reaction fluid conveying pipeline. The flanging collar is nested in the flange hole of the concave flange. One end of the inner hole channel of the flanging collar communicates with the reaction fluid conveying pipeline. The docking outlet piece has the same structure as the docking inlet piece. The heat-insulating air inlet ring assembly includes a pair of air inlet rings and a heat-insulating air inlet assembly. One end of one air inlet ring is respectively docked with the other end of the inner hole channel of the flanging collar and one end of the inner ring piece, and the two ends of the other air inlet ring are respectively docked with the other end of the inner ring piece and the docking outlet piece. A plurality of air inlet channels are arranged around the ring body of the air inlet ring, and the plurality of air inlet channels are respectively communicated with the inner hole of the air inlet ring. The heat-insulating air inlet assembly surrounds the outer walls of the pair of air inlet rings and the inner ring piece, and the heat-insulating air inlet assembly is provided with a pair of feed ports, and the pair of feed ports are communicated with the plurality of air inlet channels of the pair of air inlet rings through the internal air path of the heat-insulating air inlet assembly.

[0009] Optionally, the heat-insulating air inlet assembly includes an inner cooling water jacket shell, an outer cooling water jacket shell, a pair of packing partition rings, a pair of feed pipes, and a heat-insulating collar. The inner wall of the inner cooling water jacket shell is sleeved around the outer walls of the pair of air inlet rings and the inner ring piece. The inner circles of the pair of packing partition rings are respectively installed around the outer wall of the inner cooling water jacket shell. The inner circle of the outer cooling water jacket shell is sleeved around the outer circles of the pair of packing partition rings. Two packing spaces are formed between the inner wall of the outer cooling water jacket shell, the docking inlet piece, the docking outlet piece, and the pair of packing partition rings. Catalyst or adsorbent packing is filled in the two packing spaces. The outer cooling water jacket shell is provided with a pair of air inlets corresponding to the two packing spaces. One end of each of the pair of feed pipes is communicated with the pair of air inlets of the outer cooling water jacket shell, and the other end is used to dock with the external air inlet pipeline. The heat-insulating collar is located between the inner wall of the inner cooling water jacket shell, the pair of air inlet rings, and the inner ring piece.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the reaction fluid delivery pipe conveys high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid to the docking inlet part. The inner diameter of the inner hole channel of the flanging collar is much smaller than the inner diameter of the reaction fluid delivery pipe. Due to the sharp reduction in the fluid cross-sectional area, the flow rate increases sharply (according to Bernoulli's principle, the increase in flow rate leads to a decrease in pressure), a high-speed jet is formed in the inner hole channel of the inner ring part of the generator, and a low pressure is formed, resulting in a significant drop in the surrounding static pressure (forming a local vacuum). Under the action of the pressure difference, the fluid or gas to be conveyed is inhaled from the heat insulation air inlet assembly and the internal channels of a pair of air inlet rings and is inhaled into the generator. The specific path is that the gas to be conveyed passes through a pair of air inlets of the cooling water jacket housing through the catalyst or adsorbent filler, along the flow ports of the inner shell of the cooling water jacket, enters the gap between the heat insulation collar and the inner shell of the cooling water jacket, and finally enters the liquid channel inside the inner ring part of the generator through the multiple air inlet channels of a pair of air inlet rings. The fluid after gas-liquid mixing enters the docking outlet part, the fluid cross-sectional area gradually expands, the flow rate decreases, and the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, and finally a multiphase reaction interface is formed at the outlet of the docking outlet part with medium and high pressure.

[0011] Optionally, it further includes a heat energy recovery system. The heat energy recovery system includes a circulating water inlet pipe, a circulating water outlet pipe, a heat exchanger, a chiller and a feed container. The cooling water jacket device includes that the circulating water inlet pipe and the circulating water outlet pipe are respectively installed at the water inlet and the circulating water outlet provided on the cooling water jacket housing. The heat exchanger is provided with a liquid heat exchange channel, a gas heat exchange channel and a circulating water channel. The feed container is provided with a liquid material area and a gas material area. The liquid material area is communicated with the liquid heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger through a pipeline. The gas material area is communicated with the gas heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger through a pipeline. The liquid heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger is communicated with the circulating water inlet pipe. The outlet ends of the gas heat exchange channel and the liquid heat exchange channel are respectively communicated with a pair of feed pipes. The circulating water channel is communicated with the water inlet of the chiller. The water outlet of the chiller is communicated with the circulating water inlet pipe. The circulating water outlet pipe is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating water channel of the heat exchanger.

[0012] Optionally, it further includes a plurality of baffle plates for extending the passing path of the cooling water. The plurality of baffle plates are annular, and the plurality of baffle plates are respectively arranged around between the inner shell of the cooling water jacket and the cooling water jacket housing.

[0013] Optionally, the plurality of baffle plates are respectively provided with openings for the cooling water to pass through.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, liquid materials and gas materials participating in the reaction can be added to the liquid material area and gas material area in the feeding container according to specific reaction conditions. When the generator operates normally, a low pressure (lower than atmospheric pressure) will be generated in the high-flow area inside, resulting in a negative pressure at a pair of feeding pipes. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, due to the pressure difference, the liquid materials and gas materials in the feeding container under normal pressure or slightly positive pressure cause the liquid heat exchange channels of the heat exchanger to be preheated, and then enter a pair of feeding pipes in two paths. Then, they flow through the gap between the heat insulation collar and the inner shell of the cooling water jacket and are heated again. Finally, they enter the inner ring part of the generator and are fully mixed with the reaction fluid, and finally enter the docking outlet part. High pressure forms a multiphase reaction interface at the outlet of the docking outlet part.

[0015] The cooling water at the outlet of the chiller is transported to the circulating inlet pipe through the built-in water pump of the chiller and enters between the inner shell and the outer shell of the cooling water jacket. Then, through the action of multiple baffle plates, the cooling water can fully contact the inner wall of the heat insulation collar, and finally is discharged through the circulating outlet pipe. The built-in circular baffle plates are provided with an opening at each plate, and the cooling water can pass through the opening. The baffle plates can extend the passing path of the cooling water, enabling the cooling water to fully contact the heat source side of the jacket and fully reduce the heat source temperature.

[0016] The discharged cooling water has its temperature increased due to absorbing the waste heat of the generator. The heated cooling water enters the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the cold air flow (gas and liquid) coming out of the feeding container to preheat the materials. The cooling water is cooled to a certain extent and finally returns to the chiller for further cooling until the temperature of the cooling water reaches the set value, and finally is pumped out by the pump of the chiller for circulation.

[0017] Energy-saving principle: After the high-temperature fluid flows into the generator, the heat dissipated is absorbed by the cooling water, preventing the surface temperature of the generator from rising. The heated cooling water first transfers a part of the heat to the air flow (gas or liquid) coming from the feeding container through the heat exchanger for preheating, enabling part of the energy to be recovered. The preheated air flow is further heated when passing through the gap between the heat insulation pad and the cooling water jacket. After this round of heating, the temperature of the air flow is close to that of the liquid inside the generator, thus not affecting the temperature change of the fluid in the system and achieving the energy-saving effect.

[0018] Optionally, the concave flange of the docking inlet part is hermetically docked with the reaction fluid conveying pipeline through a high-temperature resistant graphite gasket.

[0019] Optionally, a pair of air inlet rings, inner ring parts, docking inlet parts and docking outlet parts are hermetically docked with each other through graphite sealing rings respectively.

[0020] Optionally, multiple air inlet channels are conical or cylindrical, and the axis line of the air inlet channel is perpendicular to the flow channel central axis of the inner ring part.

[0021] Optionally, the airway axis of the air inlet duct and the flow channel centerline of the inner ring member form an angle of 15°-35°.

[0022] Optionally, the flanged collar and the inner ring are both made of silicon carbide.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a silicon dioxide protective layer will form on the surface of silicon carbide at high temperature, preventing oxygen from further reacting with the silicon carbide inside the material, significantly improving its antioxidant ability.

[0024] Silicon carbide ceramics can work for a long time in a temperature range of up to 1400℃ to 1600℃ without obvious performance degradation, and their hardness and strength remain excellent at high temperatures.

[0025] Metal materials have low oxidation resistance and mechanical stability at high temperatures, so silicon carbide is used to replace metal materials in direct contact with high-temperature, highly corrosive fluids under extreme conditions. However, silicon carbide's high hardness is accompanied by brittleness. When subjected to external forces, tiny cracks easily form at stress concentration points within the material, which rapidly expand and cause chipping and shattering. This can easily lead to chipping and brittle cracking during machining. Therefore, this structure combines the characteristics of metal and silicon carbide materials, using silicon carbide for the parts in direct contact with the fluid and metal for the external non-direct contact parts. Insulation pads are added for heat isolation, and a cooling water jacket is used for external cooling to prevent deformation of the metal parts due to overheating. This structure can significantly improve the overall processing performance of the generator. The external parts can significantly improve the resistance to the risk of silicon carbide cracking caused by collisions, and the insulation structure and cooling water jacket can effectively reduce the risk of deformation of external metal parts due to overheating.

[0026] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] The present invention provides a multiphase reaction interface reactor. Silicon carbide's high thermal conductivity (approximately 120 W / m·K) and high-temperature resistance (capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 2700°C) make it suitable for high-temperature catalytic reactions. For example, in the hydrocarbon cracking process to produce light olefins, the silicon carbide reactor enhances reactant mixing through its efficient mass transfer foam structure, reduces temperature differences, and improves cracking activity.

[0028] Silicon carbide's exceptional resistance to strong acids and bases, such as hydrofluoric acid and KOH, makes it ideal for handling corrosive materials. For example, in the brine lithium extraction process, silicon carbide microreactors achieve efficient lithium extraction through continuous flow reactions while avoiding corrosion issues with metal materials.

[0029] 3. The silicon carbide alloy structure can enhance the toughness of the reactor, making up for the insufficient toughness of the silicon carbide material, which is prone to fracture when subjected to impact or stress concentration, limiting its application in environments with dynamic loads or impacts; the corrosion resistance of silicon carbide makes up for the problem of insufficient corrosion resistance of metal materials. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic internal structure diagram of a multiphase reaction interface reactor of the present invention without a heat recovery system;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic connection principle diagram of a heat recovery system of a multiphase reaction interface reactor of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic structure diagram of a multiphase reaction interface reactor of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the intake ring of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the inner shell of the cooling water jacket of the present invention.

[0035] Description of the reference numerals: 1, docking inlet part; 11, concave flange; 12, flanging collar; 14, high-temperature graphite gasket; 2, inner ring part; 3, docking outlet part; 41, intake ring; 411, intake channel; 422, inner shell of the cooling water jacket; 4221, baffle plate; 423, outer shell of the cooling water jacket; 424, packing partition ring plate; 425, feed pipe; 426, heat insulation collar; 51, circulating inlet pipe; 52, circulating outlet pipe; 53, heat exchanger; 54, chiller; 55, feed container; 6, graphite sealing ring; 100, reaction fluid conveying pipeline. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0036] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a multiphase reaction interface reactor.

[0038] Refer to Figures 1 - 5, Example 1, a multiphase reaction interface reactor, comprising a docking inlet part 1, an inner ring part 2, a docking outlet part 3 and a heat-insulating air inlet ring assembly. The docking inlet part 1 includes a concave flange 11 and a flanging collar 12. The flange of the concave flange 11 is used to dock with the reaction fluid delivery pipeline 100. The flanging collar 12 is nested and installed in the flange hole of the concave flange 11. One end of the inner hole channel of the flanging collar 12 communicates with the reaction fluid delivery pipeline 100. The docking outlet part 3 has the same structure as the docking inlet part 1. The heat-insulating air inlet ring assembly includes a pair of air inlet rings 41 and a heat-insulating air inlet assembly. One end of each of the two air inlet rings 41 is respectively docked with the other end of the inner hole channel of the flanging collar 12 and one end of the inner ring part 2, and the other end of each of the two air inlet rings 41 is respectively docked with the other end of the inner ring part 2 and the docking outlet part 3. A plurality of air inlet channels 411 are circumferentially arranged on the ring body of the air inlet ring 41, and the plurality of air inlet channels 411 communicate with the inner hole of the air inlet ring 41 respectively. The heat-insulating air inlet assembly surrounds the outer walls of the pair of air inlet rings 41 and the inner ring part 2, and the heat-insulating air inlet assembly is provided with a pair of feed ports, and the pair of feed ports communicate with the plurality of air inlet channels 411 of the pair of air inlet rings 41 through the internal air path of the heat-insulating air inlet assembly.

[0039] , Example 2, the heat-insulating air inlet assembly includes a cooling water jacket inner shell 422, a cooling water jacket outer shell 423, a pair of packing partition rings 424, a pair of feed pipes 425 and a heat-insulating collar 426. The inner wall of the cooling water jacket inner shell 422 is circumferentially sleeved on the outer walls of the pair of air inlet rings 41 and the inner ring part 2. The inner circles of the pair of packing partition rings 424 are respectively circumferentially installed on the outer wall of the cooling water jacket inner shell 422. The inner circle of the cooling water jacket outer shell 423 is circumferentially sleeved on the outer circle of the pair of packing partition rings 424. Two packing spaces are formed between the inner wall of the cooling water jacket outer shell 423, the docking inlet part 1, the docking outlet part 3 and the pair of packing partition rings 424. Catalyst or adsorbent packing is filled in the two packing spaces. The cooling water jacket outer shell 423 is provided with a pair of air inlets corresponding to the two packing spaces. One end of each of the pair of feed pipes 425 is respectively communicated with the pair of air inlets of the cooling water jacket outer shell 423, and the other end is used to dock with the external air inlet pipeline. The heat-insulating collar 426 is located between the inner wall of the cooling water jacket inner shell 422, the pair of air inlet rings 41 and the inner ring part 2.

[0040] The reaction fluid delivery pipeline 100 delivers high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid to the docking inlet part 1. The inner diameter of the inner hole channel of the flanging collar 12 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the reaction fluid delivery pipeline 100. Due to the sharp reduction in the fluid cross-sectional area, the flow velocity increases sharply (according to Bernoulli's principle, the increase in flow velocity leads to a decrease in pressure), a high-speed jet is formed in the inner hole channel of the generator inner ring part 2, and a low pressure is formed, and the surrounding static pressure drops significantly (forming a local vacuum). Under the action of the pressure difference, the fluid or gas to be transported is inhaled from the internal channels of the heat insulation air intake assembly and a pair of air intake rings 41 and is inhaled into the generator. The specific path is that the gas to be transported passes through a pair of air inlets of the cooling water jacket housing 423 through the catalyst or adsorbent packing. The types of catalysts can be: molecular sieve: used for gas impurity adsorption and purification; activated carbon: dry impurity and adsorption of harmful substances; anion and cation exchange resins: removal of ionic impurities and purification of water body; along the flow port of the inner shell 422 of the cooling water jacket, it enters the gap between the heat insulation collar 426 and the inner shell 422 of the cooling water jacket, and finally enters the liquid channel in the generator inner ring part 2 through multiple air intake channels 411 of a pair of air intake rings 41. The fluid after gas-liquid mixing enters the docking outlet part 3. The fluid cross-sectional area gradually expands, the flow velocity decreases, and the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, and finally a multiphase reaction interface is formed at the outlet of the docking outlet part 3 with medium and high pressure.

[0041] In a multiphase reaction system, when the microscale structure of the dispersed phase (gas phase) shrinks from the millimeter scale (10 -3 m) to the nanometer scale (10 -7 m), its surface area to volume ratio (S / V) can be increased by 6 orders of magnitude. For example, a spherical gas domain with a scale of 100 nm has a million-fold interface contact advantage compared with the same-shaped structure with a scale of 1 mm, thus significantly enhancing the adsorption density and diffusion flux of reactants at the phase interface.

[0042] Application example: In the catalytic hydrogenation reaction, the multiphase reaction interface reactor disperses hydrogen into a nanoscale discrete phase, significantly improving the contact efficiency between hydrogen and the catalyst and shortening the reaction time.

[0043] The microscale gas dispersed phase (characteristic size 1 μm) generates a local pressure as high as 3 atm due to the curvature-induced Laplace pressure difference (ΔP = 2γ / r), accelerating the penetration of gas molecules into the liquid phase, and continuous mass transfer can still occur even under gas supersaturation conditions. For example, in ozone catalytic oxidation, this effect can increase the ozone dissolution efficiency by 20%-30%.

[0044] Example 3 further includes a heat recovery system, which includes a circulating inlet pipe 51, a circulating outlet pipe 52, a heat exchanger 53, a chiller 54, and a feed container 55. The cooling water jacket device includes that the circulating inlet pipe 51 and the circulating outlet pipe 52 are respectively installed at the water inlet and the circulating water outlet provided on the cooling water jacket housing 423. The circulating inlet pipe 51 and the circulating outlet pipe 52 are respectively installed at the water inlet and the circulating water outlet on the cooling water jacket housing 423. The heat exchanger 53 is provided with a liquid heat exchange channel, a gas heat exchange channel, and a circulating water channel. The feed container 55 is provided with a liquid material area and a gas material area. The liquid material area is communicated with the liquid heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger 53 through a pipeline, and the gas material area is communicated with the gas heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger 53 through a pipeline. The liquid heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger 53 is communicated with the circulating inlet pipe 51. The outlet ends of the gas heat exchange channel and the liquid heat exchange channel are respectively communicated with a pair of feed pipes 425. The circulating water channel is communicated with the water inlet of the chiller 54, and the water outlet of the chiller 54 is communicated with the circulating inlet pipe 51. The circulating outlet pipe 52 is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating water channel of the heat exchanger 53.

[0045] Example 4 further includes a plurality of baffle plates 4221 for extending the passing path of the cooling water. The plurality of baffle plates 4221 are annular, and the plurality of baffle plates 4221 are respectively arranged around between the inner cooling water jacket 422 and the outer cooling water jacket 423.

[0046] In Example 5, openings for the cooling water to pass through are respectively provided on the plurality of baffle plates 4221.

[0047] The liquid material area and the gas material area in the feed container 55 can be added with liquid materials or gas materials participating in the reaction according to the specific reaction conditions. When the generator operates normally, a low pressure (lower than the atmospheric pressure) will be generated in the internal high-flow velocity area, resulting in a negative pressure at a pair of feed pipes 425. Under the action of the atmospheric pressure, due to the pressure difference, the liquid materials and gas materials in the feed container 55 under normal pressure or slightly positive pressure preheat the liquid heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger 53, and then enter a pair of feed pipes 425 in two paths. Then, they flow through the gap between the heat insulation sleeve ring 426 and the inner cooling water jacket 422 and are heated again. Finally, they enter the inner ring part 2 of the generator and are fully mixed with the reaction fluid, and finally enter the docking outlet part 3, and a high pressure forms a multiphase reaction interface at the outlet of the docking outlet part 3.

[0048] The cooling water at the outlet of the chiller 54 is transported by the built-in water pump of the chiller 54 to the circulating inlet pipe 51 and enters the space between the inner shell 422 and the outer shell 423 of the cooling water jacket. Then, through the action of multiple baffle plates 4221, the cooling water can fully contact the inner wall of the heat insulation sleeve ring 426 and finally be discharged through the circulating outlet pipe 52. The built-in circular baffle plates 4221 each have an opening through which the cooling water can pass. The baffle plates 4221 can extend the passing path of the cooling water, enabling the cooling water to more fully contact the heat source side of the jacket and sufficiently reduce the heat source temperature.

[0049] The discharged cooling water has its temperature increased due to absorbing the waste heat of the generator. The heated cooling water enters the heat exchanger 53 and exchanges heat with the cold air flow (gas, liquid) coming out of the feed container 55 to preheat the material. The cooling water is cooled to a certain extent and finally returns to the chiller 54 for further cooling until the temperature of the cooling water reaches the set value. Finally, it is pumped out by the pump of the chiller 54 and circulates in this way.

[0050] Energy-saving principle: After the high-temperature fluid flows into the generator, the heat dissipated is absorbed by the cooling water, preventing the surface temperature of the generator from rising. The heated cooling water first transfers part of its heat to the air flow (gas or liquid) coming from the feed container 55 through the heat exchanger 53 for preheating, enabling part of the energy to be recovered. When the preheated air flow passes through the gap between the heat insulation pad and the cooling water jacket, it is further heated. After this round of heating, the air flow approaches the temperature of the liquid inside the generator, thus not affecting the temperature change of the fluid in the system and achieving the energy-saving effect.

[0051] Example 6: The concave flange 11 of the docking inlet part 1 is hermetically docked with the reaction fluid delivery pipe 100 through a high-temperature resistant graphite gasket 14.

[0052] Example 7: A pair of air inlet rings 41, inner ring parts 2, docking inlet parts 1 and docking outlet parts 3 are hermetically docked with each other through graphite sealing rings 6 respectively.

[0053] The graphite sealing ring has the following performance advantages:

[0054] Temperature resistance performance: The graphite gasket can maintain stable performance within the temperature range of -200°C to 1000°C. The specially treated graphite gasket can even work normally at a high temperature of 1650°C.

[0055] Pressure resistance performance: The graphite gasket can withstand a pressure of up to 30 MPa and is suitable for high-pressure environments.

[0056] Chemical stability: The graphite gasket has good corrosion resistance to most chemical media, including strong acids, strong alkalis and organic solvents, except for strongly oxidizing media such as aqua regia and chromic acid.

[0057] Compressive resilience: The graphite gasket can recover more than 90% of its original shape after compression, maintaining a good sealing effect.

[0058] Mechanical strength: The graphite gasket has relatively high mechanical strength, can withstand a large bolt load, and is not easily broken or deformed.

[0059] Oxidation resistance: Graphite gaskets treated specially, such as oxidation-resistant graphite, can be used for a long time in an oxidizing environment, and its oxidation resistance can be increased to above 450°C.

[0060] Example 8: A plurality of intake channels 411 are conical or cylindrical, and the axis of the air passage of the intake channel 411 is perpendicular to the central axis of the flow channel of the inner ring member 2.

[0061] Conical intake flow channel: Compared with the cylindrical intake flow channel, the tapered or divergent geometric shape of the conical one will change the flow velocity distribution, forming more complex vortices and separation zones, thus increasing the resistance.

[0062] Purpose: The change in flow velocity and complex vortices can increase the turbulence of the liquid after the gas enters the device, driving the liquid to rotate and cut the bubbles.

[0063] Round intake holes have low flow resistance and large air intake. The air intake can be adjusted according to the designed aperture size, or the air volume can be controlled through an intake valve to achieve the control of the air intake demand of the device.

[0064] Different air flow channel angles have different effects on the swirling cutting force after gas-liquid mixing. The larger the inclination angle, the greater the cutting force and the more intense the rotary cutting, but the corresponding kinetic energy consumption will be higher, and the energy consumption of the equipment operation will increase accordingly.

[0065] Example 9: The axis of the air passage of the intake channel 411 forms an angle of 15° - 35° with the central axis of the flow channel of the inner ring member 2.

[0066] Example 10: The flanged collar 12 and the inner ring member 2 are both made of silicon carbide.

[0067] At high temperatures, a layer of silica protective layer will form on the surface of silicon carbide, preventing oxygen from further reacting with the silicon carbide inside the material, and significantly improving its oxidation resistance.

[0068] Silicon carbide ceramics can work for a long time within the temperature range of up to 1400°C to 1600°C without obvious performance degradation, and its hardness and strength remain excellent at high temperatures.

[0069] The oxidation resistance of metal materials and the stability of their mechanical properties at high temperatures are not high. Therefore, under extreme conditions, silicon carbide materials are used to replace the materials in direct contact with high-temperature and highly corrosive fluids; however, silicon carbide has both high hardness and brittleness. When subjected to external forces, stress concentration points inside the material are prone to forming microcracks, which rapidly expand and lead to chipping and fragmentation. During the machining process, the material is prone to chipping and brittle cracking problems. Therefore, this structure combines the characteristics of metal and silicon carbide materials. The part in direct contact with the fluid uses silicon carbide material, the external non-direct contact part uses metal material, and a heat insulation pad is added for heat isolation. At the same time, a cooling water jacket is provided for external cooling to prevent the metal part from deforming due to overheating. This structure can significantly improve the overall machining performance of the generator. The external parts can significantly reduce the risk of silicon carbide cracking caused by bumps. The heat insulation structure and the cooling water jacket can effectively reduce the risk of deformation of the external metal parts due to overheating.

[0070] The following uses specific embodiments to illustrate the implementation principle of a multiphase reaction interface reactor of the present invention:

[0071] Application of the multiphase reaction interface reactor in continuous flow synthesis:

[0072] Case background: Continuous flow reactors rely on efficient mixing and mass transfer, and traditional mechanical stirring is difficult to meet the requirements.

[0073] Technical solution: Add a mass transfer interface reactor to the system, introduce a gas (such as nitrogen or CO2), form a multiphase reaction interface in the reactor, and enhance mixing using gas-liquid shear force.

[0074] Data comparison:

[0075] Multiphase reaction interface-assisted continuous flow reaction: The yield of the nitration reaction is increased from 75% in the batch reaction to 88%, and the reaction time is shortened to 10 minutes.

[0076] Under the condition of no multiphase reaction interface: The yield is only 70%, and 30 minutes are required.

[0077] Advantages: The turbulent effect of the multiphase reaction interface accelerates mass transfer and is suitable for high-throughput continuous production.

[0078] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multiphase reaction interface reactor, characterized in that: It includes a docking inlet part (1), an inner ring part (2), a docking outlet part (3) and a heat-insulating air inlet ring assembly. The docking inlet part (1) includes a concave flange (11) and a flanging collar (12). The flange of the concave flange (11) is used to dock with the reaction fluid conveying pipeline (100). The flanging collar (12) is nested and installed in the flange hole of the concave flange (11). One end of the inner hole channel of the flanging collar (12) communicates with the reaction fluid conveying pipeline (100). The docking outlet part (3) has the same structure as the docking inlet part (1). The heat-insulating air inlet ring assembly includes a pair of air inlet rings (41) and a heat-insulating air inlet assembly. One end of each of the two air inlet rings (41) docks with the other end of the inner hole channel of the flanging collar (12) and one end of the inner ring part (2) respectively, and the other end of each of the two air inlet rings (41) docks with the other end of the inner ring part (2) and the docking outlet part (3) respectively. A plurality of air inlet channels (411) are arranged around the ring body of the air inlet ring (41), and the plurality of air inlet channels (411) communicate with the inner hole of the air inlet ring (41) respectively. The heat-insulating air inlet assembly surrounds the outer walls of the pair of air inlet rings (41) and the inner ring part (2), and the heat-insulating air inlet assembly is provided with a pair of feed ports, and the pair of feed ports are communicated with the plurality of air inlet channels (411) of the pair of air inlet rings (41) through the internal air path of the heat-insulating air inlet assembly.

2. The multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 1, wherein: The heat-insulating air inlet assembly includes a cooling water jacket inner shell (422), a cooling water jacket outer shell (423), a pair of packing partition rings (424), a pair of feed pipes (425) and a heat-insulating collar (426). The inner wall of the cooling water jacket inner shell (422) surrounds and sleeves on the outer walls of the pair of air inlet rings (41) and the inner ring part (2). The inner circles of the pair of packing partition rings (424) are respectively surrounded and installed on the outer wall of the cooling water jacket inner shell (422). The inner circle of the cooling water jacket outer shell (423) surrounds and sleeves on the outer circles of the pair of packing partition rings (424). Two packing spaces are formed between the inner wall of the cooling water jacket outer shell (423), the docking inlet part (1), the docking outlet part (3) and the pair of packing partition rings (424). Catalyst or adsorbent packing is filled in the two packing spaces. A pair of air inlets are arranged at the positions of the cooling water jacket outer shell (423) corresponding to the two packing spaces. One end of each of the pair of feed pipes (425) is communicated with the pair of air inlets of the cooling water jacket outer shell (423), and the other end is used to dock with the external air inlet pipeline. The heat-insulating collar (426) is located between the inner wall of the cooling water jacket inner shell (422), the pair of air inlet rings (41) and the inner ring part (2).

3. The multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: It further includes a heat energy recovery system, which includes a circulating inlet pipe (51), a circulating outlet pipe (52), a heat exchanger (53), a chiller (54) and a feed container (55). The cooling water jacket device includes that the circulating inlet pipe (51) and the circulating outlet pipe (52) are respectively installed at the water inlet and the circulating water outlet provided on the cooling water jacket housing (423). The circulating inlet pipe (51) and the circulating outlet pipe (52) are respectively installed at the water inlet and the circulating water outlet on the cooling water jacket housing (423). The heat exchanger (53) is provided with a liquid heat exchange channel, a gas heat exchange channel and a circulating water channel. The feed container (55) is provided with a liquid material area and a gas material area. The liquid material area is communicated with the liquid heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger (53) through a pipeline. The gas material area is communicated with the gas heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger (53) through a pipeline. The liquid heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger (53) is communicated with the circulating inlet pipe (51). The outlet ends of the gas heat exchange channel and the liquid heat exchange channel are respectively communicated with a pair of feed pipes (425). The circulating water channel is communicated with the water inlet of the chiller (54). The water outlet of the chiller (54) is communicated with the circulating inlet pipe (51). The circulating outlet pipe (52) is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating water channel of the heat exchanger (53).

4. A multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: It further includes a plurality of baffles (4221) for extending the passing path of the cooling water. The plurality of baffles (4221) are annular, and the plurality of baffles (4221) respectively surround between the inner cooling water jacket (422) and the outer cooling water jacket (423).

5. A multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: Openings for the cooling water to pass through are respectively provided on the plurality of baffles (4221).

6. The multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave flange (11) of the docking inlet part (1) is hermetically docked with the reaction fluid conveying pipeline (100) through a high-temperature resistant graphite gasket (14).

7. The multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 1, wherein: A pair of gas inlet rings (41), the inner ring part (2), the docking inlet part (1) and the docking outlet part (3) are respectively hermetically docked through graphite sealing rings (6).

8. The multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of gas inlet channels (411) are conical or cylindrical, and the axis of the gas inlet channels (411) is perpendicular to the axis of the flow channel of the inner ring part (2).

9. The multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 8, wherein: The axis of the gas inlet channels (411) forms an included angle of 15° - 35° with the axis of the flow channel of the inner ring part (2).

10. The multiphase reaction interface reactor according to claim 1, wherein: The flanging collar (12) and the inner ring part (2) are both made of silicon carbide material.

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