Crushing device and crushing and sorting all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of kitchen garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a crushing device and a crushing and sorting all-in-one machine, the crushing device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of crushing mechanisms hinged to the rotating shaft, and the multiple crushing mechanisms are arranged in a plurality of parallel spiral lines so as to push kitchen garbage to move; the crushing mechanisms on each spiral line and the crushing mechanisms on the adjacent spiral line are arranged in a staggered mode in the axial direction. A plurality of crushing mechanisms are arranged on each spiral line, and the crushing mechanisms on each spiral line and the crushing mechanisms on the adjacent spiral line are arranged in a staggered manner in the axial direction, so that the kitchen garbage can be in contact with the crushing mechanism on the other spiral line after being crushed by the crushing mechanism on one spiral line, and further crushed; therefore, the crushing capacity of the whole crushing device can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly to a crushing device and an integrated crushing and sorting machine. Background Art

[0002] In the initial collection stage, kitchen waste is mixed with inorganic substances such as beverage bottles and plastic bags, as well as waste such as dinner plates. In the initial stage of treatment, unnecessary inorganic substances and waste need to be sorted out, and at the same time, larger-sized kitchen waste is initially crushed to facilitate transportation.

[0003] Currently, the sorting and crushing of kitchen waste are often carried out separately. Among them, crushing is performed using a double-roll blade type scissor crusher. For larger-sized kitchen waste, such as radishes and wax gourds, it cannot be crushed, and the crushing ability is poor. For sorting, a drum type sorter is used. After crushing, the kitchen waste still needs to be placed in the sorter for sorting, resulting in a reduction in the treatment efficiency of kitchen waste.

[0004] Therefore, the above problems need to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crushing device and an integrated crushing and sorting machine to improve the crushing ability of the crushing device and the treatment efficiency of kitchen waste.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A crushing device includes:

[0008] A rotating shaft capable of rotating around its axis;

[0009] A plurality of crushing mechanisms configured to crush kitchen waste, and any one of the crushing mechanisms is hinged to the rotating shaft so that the crushing mechanism can swing circumferentially along the rotating shaft;

[0010] Wherein, when the rotating shaft rotates, the plurality of crushing mechanisms are arranged in multiple parallel helical lines and are distributed along the circumferential direction to push the kitchen waste to move axially along the rotating shaft, and the crushing mechanisms on each helical line are axially staggered with the crushing mechanisms on the adjacent helical lines.

[0011] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes a connecting member and a crushing head. One end of the connecting member is hinged to the rotating shaft, the length direction of the axis of rotation between the connecting member and the rotating shaft is the same as the axial direction, and the other end is connected to the crushing head.

[0012] Preferably, the crushing head has an inclined surface in contact with the kitchen waste, and the inclined surface is configured to apply a pushing force along the axial direction to the kitchen waste.

[0013] Preferably, along the moving direction of the kitchen waste, the crushing head has a front end and a rear end, and the rear end of the front crushing head is arranged opposite to the front end of the rear crushing head.

[0014] Preferably, the inclination angle α between the inclined surface and the axis of the rotating shaft is 10° - 30°.

[0015] Preferably, the crushing head includes a base and a crushing block. The base is connected to the connecting piece, and the crushing block is arranged on the front surface of the base, and the area of the crushing block is smaller than the area of the base.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting piece and the crushing head are integrally formed.

[0017] Preferably, the crushing device further includes a plurality of mounting seats, and the plurality of mounting seats are respectively detachably arranged on the rotating shaft and are spaced along the axial direction. Any one of the mounting seats is configured to connect the crushing mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, at least two protruding portions for connecting the crushing mechanism are arranged on the mounting seat, and at least two of the protruding portions are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0019] A crushing and sorting integrated machine, comprising:

[0020] A silo having a feed inlet, a first discharge outlet and a second discharge outlet;

[0021] A partition plate is arranged inside the silo and divides the silo into a first discharge area communicating with the first discharge outlet and a second discharge area communicating with the second discharge outlet;

[0022] The above-mentioned crushing device is located below the feed inlet and straddles the upper parts of the first discharge area and the second discharge area. The crushing device is configured to crush the kitchen waste and push the kitchen waste to the second discharge area through the first discharge area;

[0023] A screen is arranged on the top of the partition plate, and the screen is located in the first discharge area and below the crushing device.

[0024] Advantages of the present invention:

[0025] In the crushing device of the present invention, when the rotating shaft does not rotate, the crushing mechanism naturally hangs down under the action of its own weight. During the rotation of the rotating shaft, under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing mechanism can be deflected, so that a plurality of crushing mechanisms are arranged in a plurality of parallel helical lines, thereby pushing the kitchen waste to move axially. And because the crushing mechanisms on each of the helical lines are arranged axially staggered with the crushing mechanisms on the adjacent helical lines, during the movement of the kitchen waste, after being crushed by the crushing mechanism on one of the helical lines, it can contact the crushing mechanism on another helical line to be further crushed, so as to improve the crushing ability of the entire crushing device.

[0026] In the crushing and sorting integrated machine of the present invention, during the movement of the kitchen waste, the crushing device can gradually crush the large-sized organic kitchen waste until it is crushed into small-sized kitchen waste that can pass through the screen and enter the first discharge area. The inorganic kitchen waste will not be crushed due to its own toughness, and the screen can block it. As the kitchen waste continues to move, it enters the second discharge area to complete the sorting of the kitchen waste. The entire sorting process can be completed during the crushing process without the need for additional sorting equipment, thereby improving the sorting efficiency of the kitchen waste. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing and sorting integrated machine in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the crushing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the crushing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the crushing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention

[0031] Figure 5 is another schematic structural diagram of the crushing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 100, feed bin; 101, feed inlet; 102, first discharge area; 103, second discharge area; 200, partition board; 300, crushing device; 400, screen;

[0034] 1, rotating shaft;

[0035] 2, crushing mechanism; 21, connecting piece; 22, crushing head; 221, base; 222, crushing block; 223, inclined surface;

[0036] 3. Mounting base; 31. Protrusion. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the sake of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than all the structures.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above the top of", and "on the top of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below the bottom of", and "under the bottom of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0040] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationship such as "above", "below", "left", and "right" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and do not have special meanings.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1, in this embodiment, a combined crushing and sorting machine is proposed, which includes a feed bin 100, a partition plate 200, a crushing device 300 and a screen 400. The feed bin 100 has a feed inlet 101, a first discharge outlet and a second discharge outlet; the partition plate 200 is arranged inside the feed bin 100 and divides the feed bin 100 into a first discharge area 102 communicating with the first discharge outlet and a second discharge area 103 communicating with the second discharge outlet; the crushing device 300 is located below the feed inlet 101 and straddles the upper parts of the first discharge area 102 and the second discharge area 103. The crushing device 300 is configured to crush food waste and push the food waste through the first discharge area 102 to the second discharge area 103; the screen 400 is arranged on the top of the partition plate 200, and the screen 400 is in the first discharge area 102 and below the crushing device 300.

[0042] It can be understood that during the crushing process, under the action of the crushing device 300, the food waste can enter the second discharge area 103 from the feed inlet 101 through the first discharge area 102, and the sorting of the food waste can be completed. Specifically, during the movement of the food waste, the crushing device 300 can gradually crush the large-sized organic food waste until it is crushed into small-sized food waste that can pass through the screen 400 and enter the first discharge area 102. The inorganic food waste will not be crushed due to its own toughness. The screen 400 can block it, and as the food waste continues to move, it will enter the second discharge area 103 to complete the sorting of the food waste. The entire sorting process can be completed during the crushing process without the need for additional sorting equipment, thereby improving the sorting efficiency of the food waste.

[0043] Specifically in this embodiment, the feed inlet 101 is arranged at the top of the feed bin 100. The crushing device 300 is rotatably arranged inside the feed bin 100, and the crushing device 300 is in transmission connection with a motor located outside the feed bin 100. Under the action of the motor, the crushing device 300 can be driven to rotate. The partition plate 200 is vertically arranged inside the feed bin 100, and the partition plate 200 can be used as a support to support one end of the screen 400. The other end of the screen 400 can be fixed to the inner side wall of the feed bin 100, or the other end of the screen 400 can also be supported by a support. The food waste is put into the inside of the feed bin 100 from the feed bin 100. As the crushing device 300 continues to rotate, it can push the food waste to move. After the large-sized organic food waste is crushed into small-sized ones, it can fall into the first discharge area 102 and be output from the first discharge outlet. The inorganic food waste is transported above the second discharge area 103 and is output from the second discharge outlet.

[0044] Based on the above, please refer to Figures 2 to 5, in this embodiment, a crushing device 300 is further proposed, which includes a rotating shaft 1 and a plurality of crushing mechanisms 2. The rotating shaft 1 can rotate around its axis; the plurality of crushing mechanisms 2 are configured to crush kitchen waste, and any one of the crushing mechanisms 2 is hinged to the rotating shaft 1 so that when the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the crushing mechanism 2 can swing circumferentially along the rotating shaft 1; wherein, the plurality of crushing mechanisms 2 are arranged in multiple parallel helical lines and are distributed circumferentially to push the kitchen waste to move axially along the rotating shaft 1, and the crushing mechanisms 2 on each helical line are staggered axially with the crushing mechanisms 2 on adjacent helical lines.

[0045] It can be understood that when the rotating shaft 1 does not rotate, the crushing mechanism 2 hangs naturally under its own weight. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 1, under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing mechanism 2 can swing, so that the plurality of crushing mechanisms 2 form multiple parallel helical lines, thereby pushing the kitchen waste to move axially, that is, it can push the kitchen waste to move gradually from the feed port to the first discharge area and the second discharge area. And because the crushing mechanisms 2 on each helical line are staggered axially with the crushing mechanisms 2 on adjacent helical lines, when the kitchen waste is moving, after being crushed by the crushing mechanism 2 on one of the helical lines, it can contact the crushing mechanism 2 on another helical line to be further crushed, so as to improve the crushing ability of the entire crushing device 300.

[0046] In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism 2 includes a connecting piece 21 and a crushing head 22. One end of the connecting piece 21 is hinged to the rotating shaft 1, the length direction of the rotation axis between the connecting piece 21 and the rotating shaft 1 is the same as the axial direction, and the other end is connected to the crushing head 22. It can be understood that the crushing head 22 can be connected to the connecting piece 21 and the rotating shaft 1. When the crushing head 22 contacts the kitchen waste, especially large-sized hard objects such as beef bones and radishes, the connecting piece 21 can swing backward briefly around the axis of the rotating shaft 1, so as to avoid rigid collision between the crushing head 22 and the kitchen waste and reduce the risk of jamming. And because the length direction of the rotation axis between the connecting piece 21 and the rotating shaft 1 is the same as the axial direction, during the swinging process of the crushing head 22, the reverse force received by the kitchen waste can be transmitted axially, so as to further improve the pushing ability of the crushing device 300.

[0047] Wherein, the connecting piece 21 and the crushing head 22 are integrally formed. With this setting, the structural strength of the crushing mechanism 2 can be improved, so as to avoid the fracture of the connecting piece 21 and the crushing head 22 during the crushing process and improve the service life of the crushing mechanism 2.

[0048] Furthermore, the crushing head 22 has an inclined surface 223 that contacts the kitchen waste. The inclined surface 223 is configured to apply an axial pushing force to the kitchen waste. It can be understood that when the inclined surface 223 contacts the kitchen waste, it can not only apply a crushing force for crushing the kitchen waste, but also apply a pushing force for pushing the kitchen waste to move axially. Under the crushing mechanism 2 arranged in a spiral, the setting of the inclined surface 223 can further improve the pushing ability of the crushing device 300 to ensure the stability of the kitchen waste during the movement.

[0049] It should be noted that the larger the inclination angle of the inclined surface 223, the stronger the axial shear component force generated by the crushing head 22, which can further enhance the crushing ability of the crushing mechanism 2. However, if the crushing ability of the strong crushing mechanism 2 is too strong, it may cause the inorganic kitchen waste to be crushed as well, which is not conducive to subsequent sorting. Therefore, in this embodiment, the inclination angle α between the inclined surface 223 and the axis of the rotating shaft 1 is 10° - 30°, preferably 15°. When the inclination angle α is 15°, when the crushing head 22 contacts the kitchen waste, the axial thrust received by the kitchen waste is greater than the crushing force along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 1, thereby reducing the shear strength of the organic matter and being conducive to the sorting of the kitchen waste.

[0050] Furthermore, along the moving direction of the kitchen waste, the crushing head 22 has a front end and a rear end. The rear end of the front crushing head 22 and the front end of the rear crushing head 22 are arranged opposite to each other. It can be understood that during the movement of the kitchen waste, it can move from the front end of the rear crushing head 22 to the rear end of the front crushing head 22, so that multiple crushing mechanisms 2 can form a relatively continuous spiral, thereby ensuring the stability of the kitchen waste during the pushing process.

[0051] In addition, since the crushing mechanisms 2 on each spiral are arranged axially staggered with the crushing mechanisms 2 on adjacent spirals, the crushing mechanisms 2 on different spirals will not interfere with each other, so that the gap between the front end of the rear crushing head 22 and the rear end of the front crushing head 22 can be further reduced, which can not only improve the compactness of the crushing mechanism 2, but also further improve the pushing ability of the crushing mechanism 2.

[0052] Preferably, the crushing head 22 includes a base 221 and a crushing block 222. The base 221 is connected to the connecting member 21. The crushing block 222 is disposed on the front surface of the base 221, and the area of the crushing block 222 is smaller than the area of the base 221. It can be understood that the surfaces of the base 221 and the crushing block 222 that abut against the kitchen waste are both inclined. As the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the crushing head 22 starts to swing under the action of the connecting member 21, and the crushing block 222 can collide with the kitchen waste, so that the large-sized kitchen waste can be crushed into small-sized kitchen waste. All the bases 221 on the same spiral line can form a conveying channel for conveying the kitchen waste to ensure the stability of the kitchen waste during the pushing process.

[0053] In this embodiment, the crushing device 300 further includes a plurality of mounting seats 3. The plurality of mounting seats 3 are respectively detachably disposed on the rotating shaft 1 and are spaced apart along the axial direction. Any one of the mounting seats 3 is configured to connect the crushing mechanism 2. It can be understood that the crushing mechanism 2 is hinged to the rotating shaft 1 through the mounting seat 3, and the position of the crushing mechanism 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the mounting seat 3, thereby improving the applicability of the crushing device 300.

[0054] Preferably, the mounting seat 3 is a cam with an inner hole. The inner hole is sleeved on the rotating shaft 1, and the mounting seat 3 is connected to the rotating shaft 1 through a shrink fit sleeve to facilitate fine adjustment of the rotation angle of the mounting seat 3. Of course, in some other feasible embodiments, the mounting seat 3 can be mounted on the rotating shaft 1 by other fixing methods.

[0055] Furthermore, the connecting member 21 includes two connecting rods. The two connecting rods are respectively on both sides of the cam and are hinged to the protruding portion 31 on the mounting seat 3 through a pin shaft. Nuts are respectively screwed on both ends of the pin shaft, and the nuts can prevent the connecting member 21 from disengaging from the protruding portion 31. The two connecting rods provided can improve the structural strength of the crushing mechanism 2 on the premise of ensuring that the crushing mechanism 2 can rotate, so as to avoid breakage of the connecting member 21 and the crushing head 22 during the crushing process and improve the service life of the crushing mechanism 2.

[0056] Furthermore, at least two protruding portions 31 for connecting the crushing mechanism 2 are provided on the mounting seat 3, and the at least two protruding portions 31 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. It can be understood that a plurality of crushing mechanisms 2 can be connected to the same mounting seat 3, and the crushing mechanisms 2 on the same mounting seat 3 are on different spiral lines. To avoid collision between the crushing mechanisms 2, the number of the protruding portions 31 is preferably two, and the two protruding portions 31 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the rotating shaft 1.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, taking four helical lines and two protruding parts 31 on any mounting base 3 as an example for elaboration, the first mounting base 3 is named the first mounting base 3, and the second mounting base 3 is named the second mounting base 3. The first mounting base 3 and the second mounting base 3 are arranged alternately, and the preferred alternating angle between the two is 90°. The two protruding parts 31 on any mounting base 3 are named the first protrusion and the second protrusion. Axially, among the mounting bases 3 in the odd positions, starting from the first mounting base 3, each first protrusion can form a first helical line, and each second protrusion can form a second helical line. For the mounting bases 3 in the even positions, starting from the second mounting base 3, each first protrusion can form a third helical line, and each second protrusion can form a fourth helical line.

[0058] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly explaining the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various obvious changes, re-adjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crushing device, characterized in that, Comprising: A rotating shaft (1) capable of rotating about its axis; A plurality of crushing mechanisms (2) configured to crush kitchen waste, and any one of the crushing mechanisms (2) is hinged to the rotating shaft (1) so that the crushing mechanism (2) can swing circumferentially along the rotating shaft (1); Wherein, when the rotating shaft (1) rotates, the plurality of crushing mechanisms (2) are arranged in a plurality of parallel helical lines and distributed along the circumferential direction to push the kitchen waste to move axially along the rotating shaft (1), and the crushing mechanisms (2) on each helical line are staggered axially with the crushing mechanisms (2) on the adjacent helical lines.

2. The crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism (2) includes a connecting member (21) and a crushing head (22), one end of the connecting member (21) is hinged to the rotating shaft (1), the length direction of the axis of rotation between the connecting member (21) and the rotating shaft (1) is consistent with the axial direction, and the other end is connected to the crushing head (22).

3. The crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing head (22) has an inclined surface (223) in contact with the kitchen waste, and the inclined surface (223) is configured to apply a pushing force along the axial direction to the kitchen waste.

4. The crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the moving direction of the kitchen waste, the crushing head (22) has a front end and a rear end, and the rear end of the front crushing head (22) is arranged opposite to the front end of the rear crushing head (22).

5. The crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inclination angle α between the inclined surface (223) and the axis of the rotating shaft (1) is 10°-30°.

6. The crushing device according to claim 2, wherein, The crushing head (22) includes a base (221) and a crushing block (222), the base (221) is connected to the connecting member (21), the crushing block (222) is arranged on the front surface of the base (221), and the area of the crushing block (222) is smaller than the area of the base (221).

7. The crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting member (21) and the crushing head (22) are integrally formed.

8. The crushing device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The crushing device (300) further includes a plurality of mounting seats (3), the plurality of mounting seats (3) are respectively detachably arranged on the rotating shaft (1) and are spaced apart along the axial direction, and any one of the mounting seats (3) is configured to connect the crushing mechanism (2).

9. The crushing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least two protruding portions (31) for connecting the crushing mechanism (2) are provided on the mounting seat (3), and the at least two protruding portions (31) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

10. A combined crushing and sorting machine, characterized in that Comprising: A silo (100) having a feed inlet (101), a first discharge outlet and a second discharge outlet; A partition (200) is arranged inside the silo (100) and divides the silo (100) into a first discharge area (102) communicating with the first discharge outlet and a second discharge area (103) communicating with the second discharge outlet; The crushing device (300) as described in any one of claims 1-9 is located below the feed inlet (101) and spans above the first discharge area (102) and the second discharge area (103). The crushing device (300) is configured to crush the food waste and push the food waste through the first discharge area (102) to the second discharge area (103). The screen (400) is disposed on top of the partition (200), and the screen (400) is located in the first discharge area (102) and below the crushing device (300).

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