Waste photovoltaic disassembly treatment system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel recovery. The invention aims at providing a waste photovoltaic disassembly treatment system which comprises a conveying device, a plate lifting device and frame disassembly devices arranged on the two sides of the plate lifting device and used for disassembling frame profiles of photovoltaic plates. The frame disassembling device comprises a support, a clamping jaw mechanism arranged on the support and provided with an upper jaw plate and a lower jaw plate, an opening and closing driving mechanism and an advancing and retreating driving mechanism. The upper claw plate and the lower claw plate are each provided with a flat pressing face used for abutting against the surface of a laminated piece, a flat abutting face used for abutting against the edge of a frame profile, and a gap cleaning body arranged on one side of the flat abutting face and used for being inserted into a gap between the laminated piece and the frame profile. In the process of dismantling the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic panel, according to the step of firstly loosening and then dismantling, the damage to the laminated part in the frame dismantling process can be avoided, the integrity of the laminated part is better, the residual rate of fragments and disintegrating slag in the frame is reduced, and the method has positive significance in improving the overall recovery efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel recycling, and particularly to a waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rise of new energy technologies, photovoltaic technology, as a conversion method of solar clean energy, has made great development and progress. As the lifespan of photovoltaic panels reaches its end, although their power generation performance has been lost, due to the various high-value materials they contain, such as silicon, silver, copper, aluminum, glass, EVA materials, etc., the recycling and treatment of photovoltaic panels have gradually developed into a specialized industrial division. The recycling methods of photovoltaic panels mainly include physical methods, pyrolysis methods, chemical methods, etc. However, no matter which method is used, it is necessary to first remove the junction box and aluminum frame of the photovoltaic panel, and then perform subsequent processing on the laminates through crushing and screening (physical method), sorting after high-temperature pyrolysis (pyrolysis method), or chemical swelling separation followed by pyrolysis and sorting (chemical method). In recent years, as more people and funds have participated in the photovoltaic panel recycling industry, the photovoltaic panel recycling technology has gradually become mature and standardized, and a comprehensive disassembly production line operation mode integrating box removal, frame removal, and subsequent processes has basically been formed.

[0003] The removal of the aluminum frame, as an important part of the entire production line operation, the reliability of the removed frame profiles to a certain extent determines the efficiency and difficulty of subsequent operations. Currently, in the on-line removal operation of the aluminum frame, first, the photovoltaic panel is transported and positioned at the frame removal station by a conveying device (conveying rollers, conveyor belts, etc.), and then the frame profiles are removed by the frame removal device in the order of short sides first and long sides later. The frame removal device can be generally divided into two categories according to its working form: First, the external pulling type (generally a fully automated production line), generally mechanical grippers are set on both sides of the frame removal station, and the grippers are retracted to clamp against the inner side of the frame profile, and the frame profile is pulled by pulling the grippers towards both sides, so that the frame profile is separated from the laminate; Second, the inner pushing type (generally a semi-automated production line), which is provided with a pushing mechanism that can expand towards both sides at the frame removal station. After the photovoltaic panel is positioned, the pushing member mechanism expands towards both sides along the laminate surface, so as to push the frame profile and separate it from the laminate.

[0004] However, in actual applications, due to the tight connection between the frame profile and the laminate, the above two methods both use simple physical pressure to separate the frame profile and the laminate. In this process, the edge of the laminate is easily damaged, resulting in a large number of laminate fragments, particles, etc. in the separated frame profile. On the one hand, during the subsequent processing of the frame profile, the fragments need to be manually peeled off again, which increases the difficulty of subsequent processing; on the other hand, it also causes waste of materials, resulting in a lower recycling yield. Although it can be remedied by re-introducing the peeled fragments, particles, etc. into the system, this undoubtedly increases the processing steps and reduces work efficiency. Therefore, in the separation of the frame profile, it is particularly important to achieve accurate removal of the frame profile as much as possible and maintain the integrity of the laminate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a waste photovoltaic disassembly and processing system that can achieve efficient frame removal and reduce damage to the edges of laminates.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a waste photovoltaic dismantling and processing system, which includes a conveying device for conveying photovoltaic panels to a deframing station, a panel lifting device for clamping the photovoltaic panels and capable of rotating the photovoltaic panels 90 degrees, and a deframing device provided on both sides of the panel lifting device for removing the frame profiles of the photovoltaic panels;

[0007] The frame dismantling device includes a bracket, a clamping mechanism with an upper claw plate and a lower claw plate arranged on the bracket, and an opening and closing drive mechanism and an advance and retreat drive mechanism that are transmission-connected to the clamping mechanism; the upper claw plate and the lower claw plate both have a flat pressing surface for abutting against the surface of the laminate, a flat supporting surface for abutting against the edge of the frame profile, and a cleaning body arranged on one side of the flat supporting surface for inserting into the gap between the laminate and the frame profile; the cleaning body gradually becomes thinner in the direction away from the flat supporting surface, and a blade edge is formed at the edge of the cleaning body.

[0008] Preferably, the upper claw plate and the lower claw plate both include a carrier plate and a claw body arranged on the carrier plate, a support is provided on the side of the claw body facing the frame profile, and the side of the support forms a flat support surface; the vertical projection of the seam cleaning body is shell-shaped, and the seam cleaning body and the bottom surface of the claw body jointly form a flat pressure surface; the upper surface of the seam cleaning body is provided with a plurality of top grooves extending from the center to the edge; a high-pressure air hole is also provided in the claw body, one end of the high-pressure air hole is connected to the air source component on the carrier plate through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the inner end of the top groove.

[0009] Preferably, the air source assembly includes an end gas storage cylinder fixedly arranged on the carrier plate. The end gas storage cylinder is communicated with the high-pressure air holes on the claw body through a pipeline, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the pipeline. The solenoid valve can be controlled to intermittently conduct the pipeline to form a pulsed high-pressure air flow at the top groove.

[0010] Preferably, a bottom rubber layer is arranged on the flat pressing surface, and a hardening coating for reducing the friction between the bottom rubber layer and the surface of the laminate is coated on the bottom surface of the bottom rubber layer.

[0011] Preferably, the bracket includes a frame-shaped main body arranged along the length direction of the side of the photovoltaic panel. Both ends of the main body are provided with guiding grooves extending transversely. The main body is clamped on the advancing and retreating guide rails below through the guiding grooves and forms a sliding fit with the advancing and retreating guide rails. The advancing and retreating driving mechanism is connected to the main body and drives the main body to move along the advancing and retreating guide rails.

[0012] A long vertical plate is arranged on the inner side of the main body, and both ends of the long vertical plate are connected to the main body through reinforcing plates. The claw mechanism is installed on the long vertical plate.

[0013] Preferably, the claw mechanism includes a first support plate. A pair of L-shaped second support plates are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the first support plate. The upper claw plate and the lower claw plate are respectively installed on the upper and lower second support plates through a carrier plate, and the second support plate can move in the up and down direction under the drive of the opening and closing drive mechanism. A [shaped stable buckle is also arranged on the surface of the first support plate opposite to the second support plate, and the vertical side of the second support plate is inserted into the stable buckle to form a sliding.

[0014] A connecting plate is also arranged on the back of the second support plate. A lifting opening matched with the connecting plate is arranged at the position of the first support plate opposite to the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is inserted into the lifting opening. The opening and closing drive mechanism includes two opening and closing cylinders arranged on the back of the first support plate, and the output end of the opening and closing cylinder is connected to the connecting plate to form the up and down drive of the second support plate.

[0015] Preferably, three groups of claw mechanisms are arranged side by side along the length direction of the long vertical plate. Among the three groups of claw mechanisms, the two groups of claw mechanisms at both ends can reciprocate along the length direction of the long vertical plate under the drive of the translation drive mechanism to form the treatment of the whole gap in the length direction of the side of the photovoltaic panel.

[0016] A guide rod extending along the length direction of the long vertical plate is arranged on the surface of the long vertical plate opposite to the first support plate. A sliding ear sleeved on the guide rod is arranged on the first support plate. A strip opening extending along the length direction of the long vertical plate is arranged in the middle of the long vertical plate. A connecting sleeve is arranged in the middle of the first support plate, and the connecting sleeve passes through the strip opening and extends to the back side of the long vertical plate.

[0017] The translation driving mechanism includes a driving screw rod disposed between the reinforcing plates and in transmission connection with a translation driving motor; among the three jaw mechanisms, the connecting sleeve of the jaw mechanism located in the middle is sleeved on the middle section of the driving screw rod and forms a rotational fit with the driving screw rod; the connecting sleeves of the jaw mechanisms located at both ends are sleeved outside both ends of the driving screw rod and form a threaded fit with the driving screw rod; the thread directions at both ends of the driving screw rod are opposite.

[0018] Preferably, a clamping interface extending along the length direction of the horizontal side is provided on the horizontal side of the L-shaped second support plate, and a T-shaped clamping bar matching the clamping interface is provided on the top of the carrier plate; the clamping bar is clamped in the clamping interface and forms a sliding fit with the second support plate; a fine-tuning air cylinder is further provided on the horizontal side of the second support plate, and the output end of the fine-tuning air cylinder is connected to the clamping bar to drive the upper jaw plate or the lower jaw plate carried on the carrier plate to finely adjust the position.

[0019] Preferably, the first support plate is in a longitudinal "J" shape with the notch facing the photovoltaic panel, and a frame support groove is provided in the groove of the "J" shape.

[0020] Preferably, a blanking mechanism is provided at the frame support groove; sliding rods extending transversely are provided at the upper and lower parts of the back of the frame support groove, the sliding rods pass through a limit frame fixedly arranged in the groove of the first support plate and form a sliding fit with the limit frame; a first stop is provided at the end of the sliding rod;

[0021] The blanking mechanism includes a top block arranged in the frame support groove, the back of the top block is connected to a top-off air cylinder fixedly arranged on the first support plate through a driving rod; side pin rods are further provided on the upper and lower sides of the top block, the side pin rods pass through the frame support groove and a second stop is provided at the end, and a spiral spring is sleeved on the side pin rod between the second stop and the outer side surface of the frame support groove.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in that during the process of removing the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic panel, following the steps of loosening first and then removing can avoid damaging the laminate during the frame removal process, making the integrity of the laminate better, reducing the residue rate of debris and slag in the frame, and having a positive significance for improving the overall recycling efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. Specifically, during the use of the present invention, the conveying device is used to position and convey the photovoltaic panel processed by the previous unpacking device to the frame removal station. The plate lifting device lifts the photovoltaic panel and clamps the middle of the photovoltaic panel, and first rotates and adjusts the short side of the photovoltaic panel to the side position. After the opening and closing drive mechanism drives the upper claw plate and the lower claw plate of the claw mechanism to open, the advancing and retreating drive mechanism drives the frame removal device close to the photovoltaic panel, so that the upper claw plate and the lower claw plate of the claw mechanism cross over the frame profile of the photovoltaic panel. Then the opening and closing drive mechanism drives the upper claw plate and the lower claw plate of the claw mechanism to close, so that the flat pressing surfaces of the upper and lower claw plates abut against the surface of the laminate of the photovoltaic panel. The advancing and retreating drive mechanism drives the claw mechanism to retreat, and the frame removal starts. During the frame removal process, first, the seam clearing body is inserted into the gap between the laminate and the frame profile. The cutting edge on the edge of the seam clearing body can facilitate the insertion of the seam clearing body. As the inserted seam clearing body gradually thickens, it can effectively expand the frame profile. Moreover, the seam clearing body also has a certain cutting effect on the adhesive between the laminate and the frame profile, and can realize the loosening of the frame profile and the laminate. As the continuous retreating continues, the edge of the frame profile abuts against the flat surface, the force increases and continuously pulls outwards, and finally detaches from the edge of the laminate to complete the frame removal. Through the preferably arranged air source assembly, it can be intermittently opened and closed, and releases high-pressure air flow to the top groove on the top surface of the seam clearing body through the high-pressure air hole. The high-pressure air flow impacts and vibrates the frame profile, which can further loosen the frame profile and the laminate. Moreover, the injection of the high-pressure air flow can also pressurize and fill the internal voids of the photovoltaic panel frame, causing the frame profile of the photovoltaic panel to further expand and form loosening. Thus, it ensures the integrity of the laminate during frame removal, reduces the residue of debris and slag in the frame profile, reduces the subsequent processing difficulty, and improves the frame removal efficiency and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of part A in

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the claw body;

[0026] Figure 4 is the top view of the structure shown in body 3;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the main frame body;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first support plate;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second support plate and the carrier plate;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part B in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Combine Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention discloses a waste photovoltaic disassembly and processing system, especially the frame removal device contained therein, which is connected online to the processing system and is generally arranged after the preceding box removal device and before subsequent processing equipment such as a pyrolysis furnace, a crusher, a swelling tank, etc., and is used to remove the aluminum frame on the photovoltaic panel.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown in , the present invention includes a conveying device 1 for conveying the photovoltaic panel 0 to the deframing station. The conveying device 1 can be in the form of a conveyor belt, a conveyor roller, etc., which can position and convey the unpacked photovoltaic panel 0 to the deframing station. In order to achieve positioning during the conveying process, four positioning uprights that can open and close and swing in the width direction of the conveying device are usually used to clamp and position the photovoltaic panel 0, so that the photovoltaic panel 0 can be stably positioned and conveyed on the conveying device (since the positioning method is a conventional design scheme in the prior art and the structure is relatively simple, it will not be repeated in the present invention). Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in FIG, the present invention uses two conveyor belts arranged side by side to complete the transportation of the photovoltaic panel 0.

[0033] After the photovoltaic panel 0 is delivered to its place, in order to separate the photovoltaic panel 0 from the conveying device so as to facilitate the subsequent rotation of the photovoltaic panel 0, the present invention further includes a lifting device 2 for clamping the photovoltaic panel 0 and capable of rotating the photovoltaic panel 0 90 degrees, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lifting device 2 can lift the photovoltaic panel 0 through a plurality of lifting cylinders arranged in a matrix, and the photovoltaic panel 0 can be clamped by cooperating with the upper pressure head installed on the gantry and the lifting cylinder. The upper pressure head can usually be equipped with a negative pressure suction cup with telescopic and rotating functions. When the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 0 needs to be adjusted, the photovoltaic panel 0 is adsorbed by the negative pressure suction cup and the negative pressure suction cup is rotated 90° to achieve orientation adjustment. When removing the frame, it is generally necessary to remove the short side first and then the long side to avoid interference with the corner code at the corner of the frame profile. Of course, the lifting device 2 can also be in the form of a liftable rotating platform in conjunction with the downward pressure mechanism on the gantry. There are many specific methods, which will not be listed in the present invention.

[0034] In addition, as a core improvement of the present invention, the present invention also includes a deframing device 3 provided on both sides of the plate lifting device 2 for removing the frame profile 0a of the photovoltaic panel 0. The deframing device 3, as the name implies, is a device for removing the frame profile, which is used in conjunction with the plate lifting device 2. After the plate lifting device 2 clamps the photovoltaic panel 0, the deframing device 3 removes the frame profile from the edge of the laminate by pulling it toward both sides. What is different from the traditional disassembly and assembly device is that the deframing device 3 of the present invention includes a bracket 4 (the installation base of the clamping mechanism), a clamping mechanism with an upper claw plate 5 and a lower claw plate 6 provided on the bracket 4, and an opening and closing drive mechanism and an advance and retreat drive mechanism that are transmission-connected to the clamping mechanism. In other words, the present invention is provided with an upper claw plate 5 and a lower claw plate 6, the opening and closing drive mechanism is used to drive the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6 to close or separate, and the advance and retreat drive mechanism is used to drive the deframing device 3 forward as a whole (such as Figure 1 movement between China and North Korea) or retreat (e.g. Figure 1 Movement on both sides of China and North Korea).

[0035] The difference from the traditional claw plate is that Figure 3 and 4 As shown in the figure, the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6 of the present invention are provided with a flat pressing surface 7 for abutting against the surface of the laminate 0b, a flat abutting surface 9 for abutting against the edge of the frame profile 0a, and a cleaning body 8 provided on one side of the flat abutting surface 9 for inserting into the gap between the laminate 0b and the frame profile 0a. The flat pressing surface 7 and the flat abutting surface 9 are two planes, the former contacts the laminate 0b after pressing down, and the latter abuts against the edge of the frame profile 0a when retreating. Figure 2 As shown, when the upper and lower jaws 5 and 6 are closed by the opening and closing drive mechanism, the flat pressing surface 7 can press against the surface of the laminate 0b of the photovoltaic panel 0, maintaining stability. After closing, when the upper and lower jaws 5 and 6 are retracted by the advance and retreat drive mechanism, the flat pressing surface 9 can abut against the edge of the frame profile 0a, thereby transmitting the return force to the frame profile 0a. The cleaning body 8 of the present invention gradually becomes thinner as it moves away from the flat pressing surface 9, and a sharp edge 10 is formed at the edge of the cleaning body 8.

[0036] When in use, the present invention utilizes the conveying device 1 to position and convey the photovoltaic panel 0 processed by the previous unpacking equipment to the unpacking station, the panel lifting device 2 lifts the photovoltaic panel 0 and clamps the middle of the photovoltaic panel 0, and first rotates and adjusts the short side of the photovoltaic panel 0 to the side position (first dismantle the short side, then dismantle the long side); after the opening and closing drive mechanism drives the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6 of the clamping mechanism to open, the forward and backward drive mechanism drives the unpacking device 3 to approach the photovoltaic panel 0, so that the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6 of the clamping mechanism pass over the frame profile 0 of the photovoltaic panel 0 a, then the opening and closing drive mechanism drives the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6 of the clamping mechanism to close, so that the flat pressing surface 7 of the upper and lower claw plates rests on the surface of the laminate of the photovoltaic panel 0; the advance and retreat drive mechanism drives the clamping mechanism to retreat, and the frame removal begins. During the frame removal process, the cleaning body 8 is first inserted into the gap between the laminate 0b and the frame profile 0a. The edge 10 of the cleaning body 8 facilitates the insertion of the cleaning body 8. As the inserted cleaning body 8 gradually becomes thicker, it can effectively expand the frame profile 0a. The cleaning body 8 also has a certain cutting effect on the adhesive between the laminate 0b and the frame profile 0a, which can loosen the frame profile 0a and the laminate 0b. As it continues to retreat, the edge of the frame profile 0a rests on the flat pressing surface 9, the force increases, and it is continuously pulled outward, and finally detaches from the edge of the laminate 0b, completing the frame removal.

[0037] The specific structural forms of the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6 of the present invention are various and can be designed according to the specific form of the bracket 4, with the goal of flexible and stable opening and closing. Generally, in order to meet the needs of different types of photovoltaic panels 0 (double-sided panels, single-sided panels, thin-frame panels, thick-frame panels), they are preferably replaceable and are detachably bolted, clamped, etc. to the bracket 4 through a carrier plate 11. In other words, the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6 each include a carrier plate 11 and a claw body 12 disposed on the carrier plate 11. The claw body 12 is mounted on the carrier plate 11 and then mounted to the bracket 4 through the carrier plate 11.

[0038] like Figure 3 and 4 The claw body 12 of the present invention faces one side of the frame profile 0a (that is, Figure 3 and 4 A support platform 13 is provided (on the right side of the figure), and the side surface of the support platform 13 forms a flat support surface 9. The vertical projection of the cleaning body 8 is shell-shaped, and the cleaning body 8 and the bottom surface of the claw body 12 together form a flat pressing surface 7. On the one hand, this shell-shaped cleaning body 8 is convenient for direct insertion into the gap between the frame profile 0a and the laminate 0b, while increasing the range of expansion support. On the other hand, since its blade edge 10 surrounds the edge of the working side of the cleaning body 8, the cleaning body 8 has sharp blade edges 10 in all directions, making it possible to achieve linear cleaning processing with its coordinated drive. On this basis, as Figure 4As shown, a number of top grooves 14 extending from the center towards the edge can also be provided on the upper surface of the seam clearing body 8. A high-pressure air hole 15 is further provided inside the claw body 12. One end of the high-pressure air hole 15 is communicated with the air source assembly on the carrier plate 11 through a pipeline 16, and the other end is communicated with the inner end of the top groove 14.

[0039] In this way, by releasing high-pressure air flow through the high-pressure air hole 15 to the top groove 14 on the top surface of the seam clearing body 8, the high-pressure air flow impacts and vibrates the frame profile 0a, which can further loosen the frame profile 0a and the laminate 0b. Moreover, the injection of the high-pressure air flow can also pressurize and fill the inner voids of the frame of the photovoltaic panel 0, causing the frame profile 0a of the photovoltaic panel 0 to further expand, forming loosening. Thus, the integrity of the laminate 0b during frame removal is ensured, the residues of fragments and slag inside the frame profile are reduced, the subsequent processing difficulty is reduced, and the frame removal efficiency and economic benefits are improved. The air source assembly can adopt central centralized air supply or direct air supply at the end. In the case of direct air supply at the end, generally, the air source assembly includes an end gas storage cylinder 17 fixedly arranged on the carrier plate 11, and the end gas storage cylinder 17 is communicated with the high-pressure air hole 15 on the claw body 12 through a pipeline 16. That is to say, in this case, the end gas storage cylinder 17 serves as a temporary storage medium for high-pressure gas, which can alleviate to a certain extent problems such as unstable air pressure that may be caused by uncontrollable factors such as air compressor damage and air pipeline cracking, ensure the normal operation of the equipment in the short term in case of emergencies, enable it to have a short-time buffer time window, and maintain the stability of the working air pressure.

[0040] The high-pressure air flow released through the top groove 14 of the seam clearing body 8 can be continuously released after the seam clearing body 8 is inserted into the gap to achieve rapid expansion and support of the inner cavity gap of the frame profile 0a. However, a better approach is to provide a solenoid valve 18 on the pipeline 16. The solenoid valve 18 can be controlled to intermittently conduct the pipeline 16 to form a pulsed high-pressure air flow at the top groove 14. This pulsed pressure release and air discharge can provide a better air hammer effect, achieve tremor impact on the frame profile 0a, and form repeated impact and pulling on the adhesive between the frame profile 0a and the laminate 0b under high-speed tremors, making it fatigue and break more quickly. At the same time, it can also avoid the situation of edge rupture of the laminate 0b caused by excessive pressure under continuous air supply. On this basis, considering that the seam clearing body 8, the claw body 12, and the abutment 13 are made of metal materials with relatively high hardness, in order to prevent excessive pressure inside the frame gap from causing excessive rigid extrusion of the glass panel of the laminate 0b by the flat pressing surface 7, resulting in glass panel breakage, such as Figure 3As shown, the present invention can also be provided with a bottom rubber layer 19 on the flat pressing surface 7. However, the bottom rubber layer 19 will increase the friction to a certain extent and affect the smoothness of the movement of the flat pressing surface 7. Therefore, a hardening coating for reducing the friction between the bottom surface of the bottom rubber layer 19 and the surface of the laminate 0b is coated on the bottom surface of the bottom rubber layer 19 of the present invention, which can reduce the friction without affecting the buffering performance of the bottom rubber layer 19 and ensure the smoothness of its movement.

[0041] Regarding the bracket 4 of the present invention, in combination with Figure 2 and 5 As shown, its structure can be that the bracket 4 includes a frame-shaped main body 20 arranged along the length direction of the side of the photovoltaic panel 0. Both ends of the main body 20 are provided with guiding grooves 21 extending transversely. The main body 20 is clamped on the advancing and retreating guide rail 22 located below through the guiding grooves 21 and forms a sliding fit with the advancing and retreating guide rail 22. The advancing and retreating guide rail 22 serves as a guiding basis and cooperates with the guiding grooves 21 to complete the guiding of the advancing and retreating of the main body 20. And the advancing and retreating driving mechanism of the present invention is used to drive the advancing and retreating of the entire frame removing device 3, which is generally connected to the main body 20 and drives the main body 20 to move along the advancing and retreating guide rail 22. The specific form of the advancing and retreating driving mechanism can adopt the form of a lead screw nut pair as shown in Figure 1 , or can directly adopt a linear cylinder drive or other similar telescopic drive forms. As shown in Figure 5 , the inner side of the main body 20 is provided with a long vertical plate 23. Both ends of the long vertical plate 23 are connected to the main body 20 through reinforcing plates 24 to ensure the overall structural strength and stability. And the jaw mechanism is installed on the long vertical plate 23.

[0042] When using the long vertical plate 23 as the installation basis of the jaw mechanism, in combination with Figure 2 and Figures 6 and 7 as shown, the jaw mechanism of the present invention includes a first support plate 25. A pair of L-shaped second support plates 26 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the first support plate 25. The upper jaw plate 5 and the lower jaw plate 6 are respectively installed on the upper and lower second support plates 26 through the carrier plates 11, and the second support plates 26 can move in the up and down direction under the drive of the opening and closing drive mechanism. That is to say, the opening and closing of the upper jaw plate 5 and the lower jaw plate 6 are actually realized by the up and down opening and closing of the second support plates 26 carrying them. To ensure the stability of the up and down movement of the second support plates 26, a "[-shaped stabilizing buckle 27 is also provided on the surface of the first support plate 25 opposite to the second support plates 26. The vertical sides of the second support plates 26 are inserted into the stabilizing buckle 27 to form a sliding. As shown in Figure 2 , that is, a "[-shaped part buckled on the plate surface is welded or bolted to both the upper and lower parts of the first support plate 25, so as to form a guiding opening for the vertical side of the first support plate 25 to pass through between it and the first support plate 25.

[0043] As for the specific driving form of the second pallet 26, it can be as shown in Figure 6 and 7 In the figure, a connecting plate 28 is further provided on the back surface of the second pallet 26. A lifting opening 29 that cooperates with the connecting plate 28 is provided at a position on the first pallet 25 opposite to the connecting plate 28. The connecting plate 28 is inserted into the lifting opening 29 and can stably move up and down inside it. In addition, it is also possible to further limit the sliding by arranging vertical side guide rails on the side of the lifting opening 29 and matching the sliders arranged on the side of the connecting plate 28 with the guide rails. Since its structure is relatively simple, it will not be elaborated in the present invention. At this time, the opening and closing driving mechanism can include two opening and closing cylinders 30 arranged on the back surface of the first pallet 25. The output ends of the two opening and closing cylinders 30 are arranged oppositely, with the upper one facing downward and the lower one facing upward, and are respectively connected to the connecting plate 28 to form the up and down driving of the second pallet 26.

[0044] In the present invention, three groups of jaw mechanisms are arranged side by side along the length direction of the long vertical plate 23. Among the three groups of jaw mechanisms, the two groups of jaw mechanisms located at both ends can reciprocate along the length direction of the long vertical plate 23 under the drive of the translation drive mechanism to form the clearance treatment of the entire gap in the length direction of the side of the photovoltaic panel 0. At the same time, this method forms the pulling of the unilateral frame profile 0a of the photovoltaic panel 0 through multiple groups of jaw mechanisms, which is also beneficial to the uniform distribution of the pulling force on the frame profile 0a. In addition, by adjusting the positions of the jaw mechanisms at both ends, it is also possible to adapt to the side lengths of photovoltaic panels 0 of different lengths.

[0045] In this structure, as shown in Figure 2 In the figure, a guide rod 31 extending along the length direction of the long vertical plate 23 is provided on the surface of the long vertical plate 23 of the present invention opposite to the first pallet 25 (the left side surface in the figure), as shown in Figure 2 and 6As shown in the figure, the first support plate 25 is provided with a sliding ear 32 mounted on the guide rod 31. The guide rod 31 and the sliding ear 32 cooperate to form a translation guide for the first support plate 25. The middle part of the long vertical plate 23 is provided with a strip 33 extending along the length direction of the long vertical plate 23. The middle part of the first support plate 25 is provided with a connecting sleeve 34. The connecting sleeve 34 passes through the strip 33 and extends to the back side of the long vertical plate 23. The power is connected through the connecting sleeve 34 to realize the driving of the first support plate 25. In order to realize the synchronous driving (separation or closing) of the first support plates 25 of the two clamping mechanisms through a drive shaft, the translation drive mechanism of the present invention includes a drive screw 35 arranged between the reinforcing plates 24 and connected to the translation drive motor. Among the three clamping mechanisms, the connecting sleeve 34 of the clamping mechanism located in the middle is mounted on the middle section of the drive screw 35 and forms a rotational cooperation with the drive screw 35. The corresponding clamping mechanism does not perform translational movement. The connecting sleeves 34 of the clamping mechanisms at both ends are mounted on the ends of the drive screw 35 and form a threaded engagement with the drive screw 35. The threads at both ends of the drive screw 35 are in opposite directions. When the drive screw 35 rotates clockwise, the two clamping mechanisms move closer, and vice versa, the clamping mechanisms move away, thus forming a distance adjustment for the three clamping mechanisms. When the two clamping mechanisms at both ends are translated, they can move along the entire length of the photovoltaic panel 0, achieving seam cleaning and loosening of the entire side.

[0046] During the working process of the present invention, one of the working steps is to insert the seam cleaning body 8 into the gap. For some panels, the frame profile 0a is not completely symmetrical. The upper edge may be longer, or the lower edge may be longer. In most cases, the cross section of the frame profile 0a is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in , for this reason, the seam cleaning body 8 of the present invention should have a fine adjustment function of adaptive adjustment, for this reason, as shown in Figure 7As shown in the figure, a clamping interface 36 extending along the length direction of the horizontal side is provided on the horizontal side of the L-shaped second support plate 26 of the present invention, and a T-shaped clamping bar 37 matched with the clamping interface 36 is provided on the top of the carrier plate 11. The clamping bar 37 is clamped in the clamping interface 36 and forms a sliding fit with the second support plate 26, and the carrier plate 11 can move left and right along the clamping interface 36. In order to realize the real-time online adjustment of the position of the carrier plate 11, a fine-tuning cylinder 38 is further provided on the horizontal side of the second support plate 26, and the output end of the fine-tuning cylinder 38 is connected to the clamping bar 37. On the one hand, it can drive the upper claw plate 5 or the lower claw plate 6 carried on the carrier plate 11 to finely adjust the position. On the other hand, when the seam cleaning body 8 is inserted into the gap, due to the relatively short movement distance, it can be driven and controlled not by the forward and backward driving mechanism, but by the more precise small-sized fine-tuning cylinder 38 to drive the insertion, and then the linear seam cleaning and loosening are realized by driving with the translation driving mechanism. After the seam cleaning and loosening are completed, the frame is removed by retreating through the forward and backward driving mechanism, thereby further improving the accuracy of the driving action and reducing the power consumption waste caused by directly driving the insertion by the forward and backward driving mechanism.

[0047] In addition, in order to further improve the usability of the present invention and facilitate the unloading of materials (the removal of the frame profile 0a), as Figure 8 shown in the figure, the first support plate 25 is in a shape of a "J" longitudinally arranged with the notch facing the photovoltaic panel 0, and a frame support groove 39 is provided in the groove of the "J" shape. On the one hand, the frame support groove 39 can be used as the supporting basis for the frame profile 0a. On the other hand, it can also impose certain constraints on the outer contour of the frame profile 0a to prevent the frame profile 0a from being overly deformed during the frame removal pulling or seam cleaning and loosening process, thereby further improving the overall stability.

[0048] In terms of unloading, as Figure 8 shown in the figure, a material unloading mechanism is provided at the frame support groove 39 of the present invention. Sliding rods 40 extending transversely are provided at the upper and lower parts of the back of the frame support groove 39. The sliding rods 40 pass through a limit frame 41 fixedly arranged in the groove of the first support plate 25 and form a sliding fit with the limit frame 41. A first stop head 42 is provided at the end of the sliding rod 40. The material unloading mechanism includes a top block 43 arranged in the frame support groove 39. The back of the top block 43 is connected to a top-off cylinder 45 fixedly arranged on the first support plate 25 through a driving rod 44. Side pin rods 46 are further provided on the upper and lower sides of the top block 43. The side pin rods 46 pass through the frame support groove 39 and a second stop head 47 is provided at the end. A spiral spring 48 is sleeved on the side pin rod 46 between the second stop head 47 and the outer side surface of the frame support groove 39.

[0049] When discharging, after the frame disassembling device 3 retracts to the in-place position, the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6 open. The ejecting cylinder 45 first ejects the frame bracket 39 together with the inner frame profile 0a, and exceeds the positions of the upper claw plate 5 and the lower claw plate 6. At this time, the frame bracket 39 is blocked by the first stop 42, and its position reaches the limit. With the continuous movement of the ejecting cylinder 45, the driving rod 44 compresses the helical spring 48 and drives the ejector block 43 to continuously move, ejecting the frame profile 0a from the frame bracket 39 and dropping it into the discharging area set on the ground or the collection box at the discharging area. The ejecting cylinder 45 not only needs to drive the frame bracket 39, but also continuously drives the ejector block 43. It has a long driving stroke. In the case of a short cylinder body, a multi-stage telescopic cylinder with a similar sleeve structure can be considered.

Claims

1. A waste photovoltaic dismantling and processing system, comprising a conveying device (1) for conveying a photovoltaic panel (0) to a de-framing station, a panel lifting device (2) for clamping the photovoltaic panel (0) and capable of rotating the photovoltaic panel (0) by 90 degrees, and a de-framing device (3) arranged on both sides of the panel lifting device (2) for removing a frame profile (0a) of the photovoltaic panel (0); It is characterized in that: The frame dismantling device (3) comprises a bracket (4), a clamping mechanism having an upper jaw plate (5) and a lower jaw plate (6) arranged on the bracket (4), and an opening and closing drive mechanism and an advancing and retreating drive mechanism connected to the clamping mechanism; the upper jaw plate (5) and the lower jaw plate (6) both have a flat pressing surface (7) for abutting against the surface of the laminate (0b), a flat rest surface (9) for abutting against the edge of the frame profile (0a), and a cleaning body (8) arranged on one side of the flat rest surface (9) for inserting into the gap between the laminate (0b) and the frame profile (0a); the cleaning body (8) gradually becomes thinner in a direction away from the flat rest surface (9), and a blade edge (10) is formed on the edge of the cleaning body (8).

2. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The upper claw plate (5) and the lower claw plate (6) both comprise a carrier plate (11) and a claw body (12) arranged on the carrier plate (11); a support platform (13) is provided on the side of the claw body (12) facing the frame profile (0a); the side surface of the support platform (13) forms a flat support surface (9); the vertical projection of the seam cleaning body (8) is shell-shaped, and the bottom surfaces of the seam cleaning body (8) and the claw body (12) together form a flat pressure surface (7); the upper surface of the seam cleaning body (8) is provided with a plurality of top grooves (14) extending from the center to the edge; a high-pressure air hole (15) is also provided in the claw body (12); one end of the high-pressure air hole (15) is connected to the air source component on the carrier plate (11) through a pipeline (16), and the other end is connected to the inner end of the top groove (14).

3. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas source assembly comprises a terminal gas storage bottle (17) fixedly arranged on the carrier plate (11); the terminal gas storage bottle (17) is connected to the high-pressure gas hole (15) on the claw body (12) through a pipeline (16); and a solenoid valve (18) is provided on the pipeline (16); the solenoid valve (18) can realize intermittent conduction of the pipeline (16) under control, so as to form a pulsed high-pressure airflow at the top groove (14).

4. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bottom rubber layer (19) is provided on the flat pressing surface (7), and the bottom surface of the bottom rubber layer (19) is coated with a hardening coating for reducing friction between the bottom rubber layer (19) and the surface of the laminate (0b).

5. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: The bracket (4) includes a frame-shaped main frame (20) arranged along the longitudinal direction of the side of the photovoltaic panel (0), and guide grooves (21) extending in the transverse direction are provided at both ends of the main frame (20). The main frame (20) is clamped on the advance and retreat guide rail (22) located below through the guide groove (21) and forms a sliding fit with the advance and retreat guide rail (22); the advance and retreat drive mechanism is connected to the main frame (20) and drives the main frame (20) to move along the advance and retreat guide rail (22); A long vertical plate (23) is provided on the inner side of the main frame (20), and both ends of the long vertical plate (23) are connected to the main frame (20) through a reinforcing plate (24); the clamping mechanism is installed on the long vertical plate (23).

6. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 5, wherein: The clamping mechanism comprises a first support plate (25), a pair of L-shaped second support plates (26) are symmetrically provided on the upper and lower parts of the first support plate (25), the upper claw plate (5) and the lower claw plate (6) are respectively mounted on the upper and lower second support plates (26) through a carrier plate (11), and the second support plates (26) can move in the up and down directions under the drive of the opening and closing drive mechanism; a [-shaped stabilizing buckle (27) is further provided on the surface opposite to the second support plate (26), and the vertical edge of the second support plate (26) is inserted into the stabilizing buckle (27) to form a sliding movement; A connecting plate (28) is further provided on the back of the second supporting plate (26); a lifting port (29) matching the connecting plate (28) is provided on the first supporting plate (25) at a position opposite to the connecting plate (28); the connecting plate (28) is passed through the lifting port (29); the opening and closing driving mechanism comprises two opening and closing cylinders (30) provided on the back of the first supporting plate (25); the output ends of the opening and closing cylinders (30) are connected to the connecting plate (28) to form an up and down drive for the second supporting plate (26).

7. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Three groups of clamping mechanisms are arranged side by side on the long vertical plate (23) along the length direction of the long vertical plate (23); of the three groups of clamping mechanisms, the two groups of clamping mechanisms located at the two ends can reciprocate along the length direction of the long vertical plate (23) under the drive of the translation drive mechanism, so as to form a processing of the entire gap in the length direction of the side edge of the photovoltaic panel (0); A guide rod (31) extending along the length direction of the long vertical plate (23) is provided on a side opposite to the first supporting plate (25), and a sliding ear (32) sleeved on the guide rod (31) is provided on the first supporting plate (25); a strip opening (33) extending along the length direction of the long vertical plate (23) is provided in the middle of the long vertical plate (23), and a connecting sleeve (34) is provided in the middle of the first supporting plate (25), and the connecting sleeve (34) passes through the strip opening (33) and extends to the back side of the long vertical plate (23); The translation drive mechanism includes a driving screw (35) arranged between the reinforcing plates (24) and connected to the translation drive motor; among the three clamping mechanisms, the connecting sleeve (34) of the clamping mechanism located in the middle is sleeved on the middle section of the driving screw (35) and forms a rotational fit with the driving screw (35); the connecting sleeves (34) of the clamping mechanisms located at both ends are sleeved outside the two ends of the driving screw (35) and form a threaded fit with the driving screw (35); the thread directions of the two ends of the driving screw (35) are opposite.

8. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A clamping interface (36) extending along the length direction of the horizontal side is provided on the horizontal side of the L-shaped second support plate (26). A T-shaped clamping bar (37) matched with the clamping interface (36) is provided on the top of the carrier plate (11). The clamping bar (37) is clamped in the clamping interface (36) and forms a sliding fit with the second support plate (26). A fine-tuning air cylinder (38) is further provided on the horizontal side of the second support plate (26). The output end of the fine-tuning air cylinder (38) is connected to the clamping bar (37) to drive the upper claw plate (5) or the lower claw plate (6) carried on the carrier plate (11) to finely adjust the position.

9. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 8, wherein: The first support plate (25) is in a U-shaped longitudinal layout with the notch facing the photovoltaic panel (0), and a frame support groove (39) is provided in the U-shaped groove.

10. The waste photovoltaic disassembly and treatment system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A blanking mechanism is provided at the frame support groove (39). Sliding rods (40) extending transversely are provided at the upper and lower parts of the back of the frame support groove (39). The sliding rods (40) pass through a limit frame (41) fixedly arranged in the groove of the first support plate (25) and form a sliding fit with the limit frame (41). A first stop head (42) is provided at the end of the sliding rod (40). The blanking mechanism includes a top block (43) arranged in the frame support groove (39). The back of the top block (43) is connected to a top-off air cylinder (45) fixedly arranged on the first support plate (25) through a driving rod (44). Side pin rods (46) are further provided on the upper and lower sides of the top block (43). The side pin rods (46) pass through the frame support groove (39) and a second stop head (47) is provided at the end. A spiral spring (48) is sleeved on the side pin rod (46) between the second stop head (47) and the outer side surface of the frame support groove (39).

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