An apparatus and method for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates under different temperatures during rolling.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of rolling technology, specifically disclosing an apparatus and method for rapidly gradient-heating heterogeneous temperature rolled composite plates. The apparatus includes a heat-insulating box located at the mill inlet, containing a mounting frame and a double-pressing mechanism. The double-pressing mechanism includes a first pressing mechanism fixed to the mounting frame and a second pressing mechanism movable on the mounting frame. The pressing-side translation mechanism includes two mounting seats with two first linear guides between them. A first cylinder mounting plate slides on the first linear guides and is elastically connected to one side of the mounting seat. The second pressing mechanism is fixed below it and can adaptively shift as the plate expands due to heating. The electrode system includes two electrodes for heating the plate with pulsed current. This invention solves the problems of interface slippage, deformation incoordination, and oxidation in traditional processes by precisely controlling the heterogeneous temperature gradient and heat conduction, significantly improving the interface bonding quality, flatness, and dimensional accuracy of the composite plate, reducing energy consumption, and increasing production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rolling processes, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for rapidly gradient heating composite plates under different temperatures during rolling. Background Technology

[0002] Metal layered composite plates have broad application prospects in many fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and marine engineering due to their excellent comprehensive properties. Their hot rolling preparation technology has always been one of the research hotspots in the field of materials processing. Traditional processes generally involve heating stacked plates at a uniform temperature in a furnace before rolling them together. Although this process is relatively simple, the difference in deformation resistance between dissimilar metals at the same temperature easily leads to interface slippage and deformation incompatibility.

[0003] To improve this coordination problem, researchers have proposed a heterothermic rolling process, which involves heating different metals differently to match their high-temperature deformation characteristics. However, existing heterothermic heating technologies still have significant drawbacks: on the one hand, conventional resistance furnaces or gas furnaces have high thermal inertia and energy consumption due to their overall heating method, and it is difficult to precisely control the temperature gradient between dissimilar metals; on the other hand, although the newly developed pulsed current heating technology has a significant Joule heating effect and a rapid heating rate, its sequential stacking method cannot effectively regulate the current distribution and temperature differences between dissimilar metals, thus seriously affecting the interfacial bonding quality. Crucially, existing technologies have not yet solved the problem of actively controlling the heterothermic gradient and synergistically optimizing heat conduction, making it difficult for composite interfaces to form an ideal metallurgical bonding state.

[0004] In summary, existing hot rolling technology for preparing metal layered composite plates still has many shortcomings in terms of heterogeneous heating, and there is an urgent need to develop a device and method that can effectively overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates rolled at different temperatures, so as to achieve precise control of the different temperature gradient and synergistic optimization of heat conduction, thereby improving the interfacial bonding quality and overall performance of the composite plate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in one aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of a composite plate rolled at different temperatures, comprising:

[0007] An insulated box is located on the inlet side of the rolling mill and has a sealed cavity inside to create an inert gas protective environment; a mounting frame is fixed inside the insulated box.

[0008] A dual pressing mechanism is used to press the plate from above, including a first pressing mechanism and a second pressing mechanism. The first pressing mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, and the second pressing mechanism is movably connected to the mounting bracket.

[0009] The pressing-down side translation mechanism includes two first mounting seats spaced apart along the line connecting the first pressing-down mechanism and the second pressing-down mechanism; the two first mounting seats are fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and two first linear guide rails are connected between them; the first cylinder mounting plate slides on the first linear guide rails and is elastically connected to one of the first mounting seats; the second pressing-down mechanism is fixed below the first cylinder mounting plate; when the plate is heated and expanded, the second pressing-down mechanism pressed against the upper surface of the plate will adaptively shift accordingly;

[0010] An electrode system for heating a plate with a pulsed current includes two electrodes. One electrode in the electrode system is movably connected to the mounting frame via an electrode-side translation mechanism. The electrode-side translation mechanism includes a second mounting base, a second limiting member, an electrode mounting plate, a second return spring, and a second linear guide rail. The two second mounting bases are fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and the two second linear guide rails are fixedly connected between the two second mounting bases. The electrode mounting plate slides on the second linear guide rail and is elastically connected to one of the second mounting bases. The electrode is fixed to the electrode mounting plate and slides with the electrode mounting plate on the second linear guide rail to accommodate the expansion and deformation of the plate when heated.

[0011] The lifting mechanism includes a lifting platform, which drives the adjustment of the distance between the upper and lower plates, thereby cooperating with the electrode system to achieve precise control of the temperature gradient.

[0012] The aforementioned device for rapid gradient heating of temperature-rolled composite plates uses pulsed current as the heating method during the heating process. During the heating phase, it adapts to the deformation of the plate during heating, ensuring that the plate does not warp upwards in the middle but only extends along the plane of the plate.

[0013] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of both the first pressing mechanism and the second pressing mechanism are connected to a position difference compensation mechanism. The position difference compensation mechanism includes an upper end cover, a ball, a retainer, a lower end cover, and a moving part, and is used to compensate for deviations caused by differences in the thickness of the lower plate and deviations caused by asynchronous displacement between the pressing side translation mechanism and the electrode side translation mechanism. The ball is confined within the retainer and rolls in contact with the top of the moving part that penetrates the lower end cover.

[0014] In some alternative embodiments of the invention, a pressure sensor is connected to the bottom end of the moving part.

[0015] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the top of the lifting platform of the lifting mechanism is connected to a first insulating plate, and the top of the first insulating plate is supported by a plurality of ceramic columns for supporting the plate and preventing current leakage.

[0016] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, a first return spring is provided between the first cylinder mounting plate and the first mounting seat on one side, and a first limiting member is provided between the first cylinder mounting plate and the first mounting seat on one side, and the first limiting member is threadedly engaged with the first linear guide rail.

[0017] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, a temperature monitoring system is also included, which includes a temperature sensor one and a temperature sensor two. The temperature sensor one is fixed to the first pressing mechanism by an upper sensor mounting plate, and the temperature sensor two is fixed to a mounting bracket below the plate by a lower sensor mounting plate.

[0018] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, a centering mechanism is also included, which includes two sets of positioning units that slide towards each other on a third linear guide rail and are driven to move away from or closer to each other by a centering cylinder. A synchronous linkage mechanism that drives the two sets of positioning units to move synchronously is also connected between the two sets of positioning units, and the two sets of positioning units push the plate to the center position from both sides.

[0019] Furthermore, the positioning unit includes a bottom support, a centering push plate, and a second insulating plate. The bottom support slides on two third linear guide rails, and multiple centering push plates are fixedly connected to its upper surface. The second insulating plate is fixedly connected to the inner top of the centering push plate, and the second insulating plates of the two positioning units are arranged facing each other. A centering cylinder is connected to the bottom support of one of the positioning units, driving that positioning unit to move along the third linear guide rails.

[0020] Furthermore, multiple centering push plates are evenly spaced along the length of the bottom support.

[0021] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating seat fixed to the bottom plate of the insulation box. The rotating seat is located at the center of the two positioning units. A synchronous three-bar linkage is rotatably connected to the rotating seat. The center of the middle link of the synchronous three-bar linkage rotates on the rotating seat. The two ends of the middle link are respectively rotatably connected to a first link and a second link. The first link and the second link have the same length. The end of the first link away from the middle link is rotatably connected to the bottom support of one positioning unit, and the end of the second link away from the middle link is rotatably connected to the bottom support of another positioning unit.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a method for rapidly gradient heating of a composite plate rolled at different temperatures using an electric current, employing the apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of a composite plate rolled at different temperatures as described in any of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step S1, Material Preparation: Select the composite plate blank to be rolled;

[0024] Step S2, Clamping and Environmental Preparation: Transfer the composite plate blank to the support platform and place it in the center, and introduce inert gas to construct a protective environment;

[0025] Step S3, Temperature gradient setting and clamping control: Adjust the distance between the upper and lower plates, and use the double pressing mechanism to press the lower plate and monitor the clamping force;

[0026] Step S4, Pulse Current Heating and Deformation Adaptation: Pulse current is passed through the electrodes to heat the plate, the temperature is monitored in real time and feedback is provided for adjustment, and the translation mechanism adapts to the deformation of the plate;

[0027] Step S5, Rolling and Discharge: The heated composite plate is pushed to the rolling mill for rolling to complete the rolling of the composite plate.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses at least the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention proposes a device for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates in different temperatures. By precisely controlling the temperature gradient and heat conduction, it solves the problems of interface slippage, deformation incoordination and oxidation in traditional processes, significantly improves the interface bonding quality, flatness and dimensional accuracy of composite plates, reduces energy consumption and improves production efficiency, and has important value for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates for different temperatures during rolling according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-pressure mechanism in the device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pressing mechanism / second pressing mechanism in the device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the position difference compensation mechanism in the device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing-down side translation mechanism in the device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode-side translation mechanism in the device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism in the device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the centering mechanism in the device of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Rolling mill; 2. Insulation box; 3. Double pressing mechanism; 31. First pressing mechanism; 32. Second pressing mechanism; 33. Upper sensor mounting plate; 301. Pressing cylinder; 302. Adjusting shim; 303. Position difference compensation mechanism; 30301. Upper end cover; 30302. Ball bearing; 30303. Cage; 30304. Lower end cover; 30305. Moving part; 304. Pressure sensor; 4. Temperature sensor one; 5. Pressing side translation mechanism; 501. First mounting base; 502. First limiting part; 503. First linear guide rail; 504. First slider; 505. First return spring; 506. First cylinder mounting plate; 6. Mounting bracket; 7. Exhaust port; 8. Multi-stage cylinder 9. Air inlet; 10. Electrode side translation mechanism; 1001. Second mounting base; 1002. Second limiting component; 1003. Electrode mounting plate; 1004. Second return spring; 1005. Second slider; 1006. Second linear guide rail; 11. Temperature sensor II; 12. Lifting mechanism; 1201. Ceramic column; 1202. First insulating plate; 1203. Lifting platform; 13. Electrode; 14. Centering mechanism; 1401. Second cylinder mounting plate; 1402. Third linear guide rail; 1403. Third slider; 1404. Bottom support; 1405. Centering cylinder; 1406. Centering push plate; 1407. Second insulating plate; 1408. Rotary seat; 1409. Synchronous three-bar linkage. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for rapidly gradient-heating composite plates subjected to different temperatures during rolling, effectively overcoming the problems of plate warping and temperature gradient issues between the two plates during pulsed current heating. This apparatus and method enable the plate to quickly reach the required rolling temperature, prevent oxidation during transport of the heated plate in a protective gas atmosphere, prevent warping caused by fixation issues during heating, and control the temperature gradient between the two plates.

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an apparatus for rapidly heating composite plates under different temperatures using a current gradient, including a rolling mill 1, a heat insulation box 2, a double pressing mechanism 3, a temperature monitoring system, a deformation adaptive mechanism, a different temperature gradient control system, a centering mechanism 14, and an electrode system.

[0045] Specifically, the rolling mill 1 is located at the end of the device and is used to perform a rolling process on the heated composite plate. The heat insulation box 2 is made of high-temperature resistant material, and an inert gas (such as argon) is introduced into the interior through the air inlet 9 and air is discharged through the exhaust port 7, forming an inert gas protective environment. The heat insulation box 2 is equipped with a mounting frame 6, which serves as the main support of the device and is connected to other functional components. The dual pressing mechanism 3 includes a first pressing mechanism 31 and a second pressing mechanism 32. The first pressing mechanism 31 is fixed to the upper bottom of the mounting frame 6, and the second pressing mechanism 32 is movably connected to the upper bottom of the mounting frame 6. The first pressing mechanism 31 and the second pressing mechanism 32 are driven by pressing cylinders 301 to realize the pressing of the plate and pressure monitoring. The temperature monitoring system includes a first temperature sensor 4 and a second temperature sensor 11. The first temperature sensor 4 is fixed to the first pressing mechanism 31 via an upper sensor mounting plate 33 and rises and falls synchronously with the first pressing mechanism 31. The second temperature sensor 11 is fixed to the mounting bracket 6 via a lower sensor mounting plate. Both temperature sensors collect temperature data from the upper and lower plates in real time. The deformation adaptive mechanism includes a pressing-side translation mechanism 5 and an electrode-side translation mechanism 10, which adapt to the thermal expansion of the plate through the cooperation of a linear guide rail and a return spring.

[0046] Both the pressing-side translation mechanism 5 and the electrode-side translation mechanism 10 will move as the plate expands due to heat. The position difference compensation mechanism 303 is used to compensate for the displacement deviation caused by the difference in plate thickness and the deviation caused by the asynchronous displacement between the pressing-side translation mechanism 5 and the electrode-side translation mechanism 10.

[0047] The temperature gradient control system includes a lifting mechanism 12, which adjusts the distance between the upper and lower plates via a lifting platform 1203. Combined with the local heating characteristics of pulsed current, it achieves precise temperature gradient control. The centering mechanism 14 drives a push plate via a third linear guide rail 1402 and a centering cylinder 1405 to ensure the plates are placed in the center. The electrode system consists of an electrode 13 and an electrode mounting plate 1003. The electrode mounting plate 1003 is slidably connected to a second slider 1005 and a second linear guide rail 1006, moving synchronously with the deformation of the plates.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the heat insulation box 2 is located at the entrance of the rolling mill 1. After the sheet metal is heated inside the heat insulation box 2, it is pushed to the outlet door by the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 8 and then enters the rolling mill 1 for rolling. The heat insulation box 2 is equipped with a mounting bracket 6 for installing and supporting other components, such as the double-pressing mechanism 3 and the lifting mechanism 12. The heat insulation box 2 has an air inlet 9 and an exhaust outlet 7, which are threaded onto the heat insulation box 2 for gas entry and exit. The heat insulation box 2 also has a through hole to accommodate the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 8, and the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 8 is fixedly installed on the box body outside the through hole. The heat insulation box 2 has an inlet door on one side and an outlet door on the other side, providing entry and exit channels for the sheet metal. The main function of the heat insulation box 2 is to isolate the sheet metal during the heating process, preventing interference from the external environment and protecting operators and equipment from high temperatures.

[0049] In the above embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the dual pressing mechanism 3 includes a first pressing mechanism 31 and a second pressing mechanism 32. The first pressing mechanism 31 is fixed to the upper bottom of the mounting bracket 6, providing downward pressing force from a fixed position above the lower plate. The second pressing mechanism 32 is slidably connected to the upper bottom of the mounting bracket 6 along a first direction, wherein the first direction is the direction of the line connecting the first pressing mechanism 31 and the second pressing mechanism 32. The second pressing mechanism 32 is connected to the mounting bracket 6 in a linear sliding manner to adapt to the positional movement caused by the deformation of the plate after heating.

[0050] In one specific embodiment, the first pressing mechanism 31 and the second pressing mechanism 32 have the same structure, such as... Figure 3 As shown, each component includes a pressing cylinder 301, an adjusting shim 302, a position difference compensation mechanism 303, and a pressure sensor 304. The pressing cylinder 301 is vertically fixed to the lower crossbeam of the mounting frame 6 by bolts. The end of the cylinder push rod of the pressing cylinder 301 is connected to the position difference compensation mechanism 303 via the adjusting shim 302. The adjusting shim 302 adjusts the initial position of the position difference compensation mechanism 303 by stacking shims of different thicknesses to accommodate plates of different thicknesses. The pressure sensor 304 is connected below the position difference compensation mechanism 303 and directly abuts against the upper surface of the lower plate, monitoring the clamping force in real time and feeding the monitoring data back to the control system to dynamically adjust the pressure of the pressing cylinder 301.

[0051] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, the position difference compensation mechanism 303 includes an upper end cover 30301, ball bearings 30302, a retainer 30303, a lower end cover 30304, and a moving part 30305. The upper end cover 30301 is connected to the adjusting shim 302. The moving part 30305 is movably connected below the lower end cover 30304, with its top surface in contact with the ball bearings 30302 and its bottom surface threadedly connected to the pressure sensor 304. The ball bearings 30302 and the retainer 30303 are installed between the upper end cover 30301 and the lower end cover 30304. A plurality of ball bearings 30302 are arrayed on the retainer 30303, and each ball bearing 30302 can roll along the retainer 30303 to compensate for the displacement deviation caused by the difference in the thickness of the lower plate by reducing friction.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the movable component 30305 has an upper top cover and a bottom cover, which are connected by a central cylinder. The top cover abuts against a ball bearing 30302, and the bottom cover is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor 304. A movable hole with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the central cylinder is opened in the middle of the lower end cover 30304, through which the central cylinder freely passes. Because there is a diameter difference between the central cylinder and the movable hole in the movable component 30305, the ball bearing 30302 can reduce friction and achieve positional compensation.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the second pressing mechanism 32 is movably connected to the mounting bracket 6 through the pressing side translation mechanism 5, and can move away from or closer to the first pressing mechanism 31 in the first direction.

[0054] In the above embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pressing-side translation mechanism 5 includes a first mounting base 501, a first limiting member 502, a first linear guide rail 503, a first slider 504, a first return spring 505, and a first cylinder mounting plate 506. Two first mounting bases 501 are spaced apart and fixed to the top of the mounting frame 6 by bolts. Two first linear guide rails 503 are arranged between the two first mounting bases 501. Two first sliders 504 slide on each first linear guide rail 503. The bottoms of the four first sliders 504 are fixedly connected to the first cylinder mounting plate 506, which is used to fix the pressing cylinder 301 of the second pressing mechanism 32. The first limiting member 502 and the first return spring 505 are respectively connected between the two first mounting bases 501 on both sides and the adjacent first sliders 504. Figure 5As shown, the first return spring 505 is sleeved on the first linear guide rail 503, with its two ends connected to the first mounting base 501 and the first slider 504 respectively, providing elastic return force for the first cylinder mounting plate 506 and realizing the automatic reset function after deformation. Correspondingly, a first limiting member 502 is sleeved on the first linear guide rail 503 between the first mounting base 501 and the slider on the other side. One end of the first limiting member 502 is positioned and connected to the first mounting base 501, and the other end has an abutment surface that contacts the side of the slider, used to limit the range of motion of the first cylinder mounting plate 506 along the first linear guide rail 503.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, the first limiting member 502 is threadedly engaged with the first linear guide 503. When the length of the plate is different, the initial position of the pressing cylinder 301 is adjusted by rotating the first limiting member 502 and the first linear guide 503. After heating is completed, the pressing cylinder 301 can be returned to its original position by the first return spring 505. Since the first linear guide 503 needs to bear the force in two directions, namely the gravity of the pressing cylinder 301 and the reaction force of the pressing plate, it is preferable that the first linear guide 503 is a circular linear guide.

[0056] The mounting bracket 6 has two electrodes 13 connected near its lower position, corresponding to the positions of the first pressing mechanism 31 and the second pressing mechanism 32. The left electrode 13 is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 6, while the right electrode 13 is movably connected to the mounting bracket 6 through the electrode side translation mechanism 10.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the structure of the electrode-side translation mechanism 10 is similar to that of the pressing-down side translation mechanism 5. It is symmetrically installed on the mounting bracket 6 below the pressing-down side translation mechanism 5, and is used to fix the right-side electrode 13, providing linear space for the right-side electrode 13 to adapt to the deformation of the plate. Specifically, as... Figure 6As shown, the electrode-side translation mechanism 10 includes a second mounting base 1001, a second limiting member 1002, an electrode mounting plate 1003, a second return spring 1004, a second slider 1005, and a second linear guide rail 1006. Two second mounting bases 1001 are spaced apart and fixed to the mounting bracket 6 by bolts. Two second linear guide rails 1006 are bolted between the two second mounting bases 1001. Two second sliders 1005 slide on each second linear guide rail 1006. The tops of the four second sliders 1005 are fixedly connected to the electrode mounting plate 1003, which is used to fix the right electrode 13. The second limiting member 1002 and the second return spring 1004 are respectively connected between the two second mounting bases 1001 and their adjacent second sliders 1005. The electrode mounting plate 1003 is connected to the second slider 1005 via bolts. The second slider 1005, the second limiting member 1002, and the second return spring 1004 are connected to the second linear guide 1006 via an inner hole. The second linear guide 1006 is fixed to the second mounting base 1001 by studs, and the second mounting base 1001 is fixed to the mounting bracket 6 by studs. The second return spring 1004 provides elastic return force to the electrode mounting plate 1003, realizing the automatic reset function after deformation.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the left electrode 13 is fixed to the mounting bracket 6 via a groove on the mounting bracket 6, while the right electrode 13 is fixed in the groove of the electrode mounting plate 1003 in the electrode side translation mechanism 10.

[0059] In the above embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the lifting mechanism 12 includes a lifting platform 1203, which is vertically fixed to the mounting frame 6 by bolts and driven to rise and fall by a servo motor. A first insulating plate 1202 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting platform 1203. Multiple ceramic pillars 1201 are fixed to the top of the first insulating plate 1202 by bolts to support the plate and prevent current leakage. By lifting the upper plate through the lifting mechanism 12, a specified interval between the two plates can be changed in the vertical direction, thereby forming a controllable temperature gradient space. Combined with the local heating characteristics of pulsed current, differentiated temperature rise between the upper and lower plates can be achieved.

[0060] In the above embodiments, such as Figure 8As shown, the centering mechanism 14 includes two sets of positioning units arranged in opposite directions. A centering space is formed between the two positioning units to push the plate back into alignment from both sides. To enable the two positioning units to operate synchronously, a synchronous linkage mechanism is connected between them, allowing the two positioning units to move synchronously in opposite directions. Specifically, the centering mechanism 14 includes two second cylinder mounting plates 1401, which are fixed at intervals to the bottom plate of the insulation box 2. Centering cylinders 1405 are fixedly mounted on the second cylinder mounting plates 1401. The inner side of the two second cylinder mounting plates 1401 is provided with two parallel third linear guide rails 1402. Both positioning units slide on the two third linear guide rails 1402. The cylinder push rod end of the centering cylinder 1405 is connected to one of the positioning units. The extension and retraction of the centering cylinder 1405 drives the positioning unit to reciprocate linearly along the third linear guide rail 1402. At the same time, under the drive of the synchronous linkage mechanism, the other positioning unit is synchronously driven to reciprocate linearly along the third linear guide rail 1402.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, the positioning unit includes a bottom support 1404, a centering push plate 1406, and a second insulating plate 1407. A third slider 1403 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom support 1404, and the third slider 1403 slidably engages with a third linear guide rail 1402. Multiple centering push plates 1406 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom support 1404, and the second insulating plate 1407 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the centering push plate 1406. The second insulating plates 1407 of the two positioning units are arranged facing each other. A centering cylinder 1405 is connected to the bottom support 1404 of one of the positioning units, driving that positioning unit to move along the third linear guide rail 1402. Further, the multiple centering push plates 1406 are evenly spaced in an array along the length of the bottom support 1404.

[0062] In one specific embodiment, the synchronous linkage mechanism includes a rotating seat 1408 fixed to the bottom plate of the insulation box 2. The rotating seat 1408 is located at the center of the two positioning units. A synchronous three-bar linkage 1409 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 1408. The center of the middle link of the synchronous three-bar linkage 1409 rotates on the rotating seat 1408. The two ends of the middle link are respectively rotatably connected to a first link and a second link, which are of the same length. The end of the first link away from the middle link is rotatably connected to the bottom support 1404 of one positioning unit, and the end of the second link away from the middle link is rotatably connected to the bottom support 1404 of another positioning unit. The first link, the middle link, and the second link are sequentially hinged to form a three-bar linkage mechanism, realizing the synchronization of the two positioning units. The centering mechanism 14 of the above structure can push the plate to the center position, realizing the centering operation of the plate. In some embodiments, the angle of the push plate can be adjusted by adjusting the connection position between the synchronous linkage mechanism and the bottom support 1404, or by adjusting the length of the first link and the second link, to adapt to plates of different widths.

[0063] It should be understood that in practical applications, the centering cylinder 1405 can be replaced by a dual-axis telescopic motor or a dual-axis cylinder. Taking the dual-axis telescopic motor as an example, the dual-axis telescopic motor includes two telescopic shafts arranged in opposite directions. The ends of the two telescopic shafts are respectively fixed to the bottom supports 1404 of the two positioning units. This can also achieve synchronous driving of the two positioning units, so that the two units move away from or close to each other, and achieve the same purpose of centering the plate.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Embodiment 2 of the present invention proposes a method for rapidly gradient heating composite plates under different temperatures during rolling, using the apparatus for rapidly gradient heating composite plates under different temperatures as described in Embodiment 1 above. Taking the rolling of TA1 titanium plate and T2 copper plate as an example, the method includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S1, Material Preparation:

[0067] A TA1 titanium plate with dimensions of 150mm×50mm×2mm (length×width×thickness) and a T2 copper plate with dimensions of 100mm×50mm×4mm are selected and stacked together to form a composite plate blank to be rolled.

[0068] Step S2, Clamping and Environment Preparation:

[0069] Open the entrance door of the insulation box 2 and place the stacked composite board blanks onto the ceramic column 1201 support surface of the lifting platform 1203;

[0070] Start the centering mechanism 14, and the centering cylinder 1405 drives the centering push plate 1406 to slide along the third linear guide rail 1402, accurately pushing the composite plate blank to the center position of the insulation box 2.

[0071] Close the entrance door, introduce argon gas through the air inlet 9, and simultaneously open the exhaust port 7 to expel air. Continuously ventilate and monitor the oxygen content inside the chamber until the oxygen content is below 50 ppm, thus creating a good inert gas protective environment to prevent oxidation of the board material during subsequent heating.

[0072] Step S3, Temperature gradient setting and compression control:

[0073] The lifting mechanism 12 is activated to raise the upper T2 copper plate, so that the distance between the T2 copper plate and the TA1 titanium plate is 2mm, which prepares for the subsequent formation of temperature gradient control space.

[0074] The first pressing mechanism 31 and the second pressing mechanism 32 operate synchronously. The pressure sensor 304 monitors the pressing force in real time and feeds the data back to the control system. The control system dynamically adjusts the cylinder output pressure according to the feedback to ensure that the lower plate is subjected to a uniform and appropriate pressing force.

[0075] The position difference compensation mechanism 303 operates, and the internal balls 30302 roll within the cage 30303, automatically compensating for displacement deviations caused by differences in the thickness of the lower plate, further ensuring the uniform distribution of the clamping force, and providing a stable plate constraint state for subsequent heating and rolling processes.

[0076] Step S4, Pulse Current Heating and Deformation Adaptation:

[0077] A pulsed current is passed through electrode 13 with a current intensity of 500A, a frequency of 500Hz, a duty cycle of 50%, and a heating time of 40s, so as to rapidly heat the interface of the plate using the Joule heating effect.

[0078] Temperature sensors installed at the top and bottom of the plate monitor temperature data in real time and feed the data back to the PID control system. The control system dynamically adjusts the current parameters based on the feedback to keep the temperature difference between the upper and lower plates stable within the target range. The lower TA1 titanium plate heats up quickly, while the upper T2 copper plate heats up relatively slowly, forming an ideal and controllable temperature gradient.

[0079] As the plate expands due to heat, the slider of the pressing side translation mechanism 5 slides laterally along the linear guide rail, and the reset spring provides a reverse reset force, effectively preventing the plate from warping and deforming during the heating process; at the same time, the electrode side translation mechanism 10 drives the electrode 13 to move synchronously with the deformation of the plate, ensuring that the current path remains stable and guaranteeing the smooth progress of the pulse current heating process.

[0080] Step S5, Rolling and Discharging:

[0081] When the upper and lower plates reach the target temperature, the double pressing mechanism 3 rises, and the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 8 is activated to push the heated composite plate to the rolling mill 1.

[0082] Rolling mill 1 rolls the composite plate at a set reduction rate of 50%. Under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the interface metal undergoes sufficient plastic deformation and forms a good metallurgical bond, thus completing the rolling of the composite plate.

[0083] After rolling is completed, the exit gate opens automatically, and the finished composite plate is smoothly output through the conveyor rollers, thus completing a complete cycle of differential temperature rolling of TA1 titanium plate and T2 copper composite plate.

[0084] Compared with the prior art, the above-described Embodiments 1 and 2 disclose at least the following beneficial effects:

[0085] By precisely adjusting the distance between the upper and lower plates using the lifting mechanism 12, and combining this with the skin effect of pulsed current (the skin effect refers to the uneven distribution of current density across the cross-section of a conductor when alternating current passes through it), the lower plate heats up rapidly while the upper plate heats up later, thus creating a controllable and stable temperature gradient. In the above embodiment, when the TA1 titanium plate and T2 copper composite plate are subjected to heterothermic rolling, the heterothermic gradient control accuracy reaches ±5℃, effectively solving the problems of interface slippage and deformation incoordination caused by the difference in deformation resistance of dissimilar metals in traditional processes, and providing a strong guarantee for a good bonding of the composite plate interface.

[0086] The dual adaptive mechanism of the translation mechanism and the position difference compensation mechanism 303 can effectively offset the lateral extension displacement of the plate during heating and compensate for the longitudinal thickness difference, completely eliminating the risk of plate warping. The composite plate processed by the device and method of this embodiment has a warping amount of less than 0.1 mm / m, which is 90% lower than the control group without the translation mechanism. This significantly improves the flatness and dimensional accuracy of the composite plate, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the product and meeting the stringent quality requirements of high-end application fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and marine engineering for metal layered composite plates.

[0087] The inert gas environment within the insulated chamber 2 effectively prevents oxidation of the sheet metal during heating. Simultaneously, the instantaneous heating characteristics of the pulsed current (heating time less than 40 seconds) avoid the problems of high thermal inertia and difficulty in precise temperature control inherent in traditional heating furnaces. This allows the interface metals of the composite plate to achieve metallurgical bonding under high temperature and high pressure conditions during rolling, resulting in a more ideal temperature environment. Tests show that the TA1 titanium plate and T2 copper plate composite plate rolled using this method exhibits an interfacial shear strength of approximately 149 MPa and a tensile strength of 404 MPa, significantly enhancing the interfacial bonding strength of the composite plate and improving product reliability and service life.

[0088] Pulsed current heating technology is characterized by its speed and efficiency, enabling the sheet material to be heated to the required temperature in a short time. Compared with the overall heating method of traditional resistance furnaces or gas furnaces, it significantly reduces heating time, thereby significantly reducing energy consumption. In the above embodiment, the energy consumption for a single heating cycle is reduced by 40%. At the same time, due to the fast heating speed and smooth rolling process, the production efficiency is increased by 3 times, providing a more efficient and energy-saving solution for the industrial production of metal layered composite plates, with significant economic and social benefits.

[0089] In summary, this invention effectively solves key technical challenges such as temperature gradient control, deformation coordination, and interface oxidation, significantly improving the interface bonding quality, flatness, and dimensional accuracy of composite panels, reducing energy consumption, and increasing production efficiency. It opens up new avenues for the industrial production of high-performance metal layered composite panels and has broad application prospects and significant promotional value.

[0090] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0091] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates rolled at different temperatures using current, characterized in that, include: An insulated box (2) is located on the inlet side of the rolling mill (1) and has a sealed cavity inside to form an inert gas protective environment; a mounting bracket (6) is fixed inside the insulated box (2). The double pressing mechanism (3) is used to press the plate from above, including a first pressing mechanism (31) and a second pressing mechanism (32). The first pressing mechanism (31) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (6), and the second pressing mechanism (32) is movably connected to the mounting bracket (6). The pressing-down side translation mechanism (5) includes two first mounting seats (501) spaced apart along the line connecting the first pressing-down mechanism (31) and the second pressing-down mechanism (32); the two first mounting seats (501) are fixed to the mounting frame (6), and two first linear guide rails (503) are connected between them; the first cylinder mounting plate (506) slides on the first linear guide rail (503) and is elastically connected to one of the first mounting seats (501); the second pressing-down mechanism (32) is fixed below the first cylinder mounting plate (506); when the plate is heated and stretched, the second pressing-down mechanism (32) pressed against the upper surface of the plate will adaptively shift; An electrode system for heating a plate with pulsed current includes two electrodes (13). One electrode (13) is movably connected to the mounting frame (6) via an electrode-side translation mechanism (10). The electrode-side translation mechanism (10) includes a second mounting base (1001), a second limiting member (1002), an electrode mounting plate (1003), a second return spring (1004), and a second linear guide rail (1006). The two second mounting bases (1001) are fixed to the mounting frame (6), and the two second linear guide rails (1006) are fixed between the two second mounting bases (1001). The electrode mounting plate (1003) slides on the second linear guide rail (1006) and is elastically connected to one of the second mounting bases (1001). The electrode (13) is fixed to the electrode mounting plate (1003) and slides on the second linear guide rail (1006) with the electrode mounting plate (1003) to adapt to the expansion and deformation of the plate when heated. The lifting mechanism (12) includes a lifting platform (1203), which drives the adjustment of the distance between the upper and lower plates through the lifting platform (1203), and cooperates with the electrode system to achieve precise control of the temperature gradient.

2. The apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates under varying temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the first pressing mechanism (31) and the second pressing mechanism (32) are both connected to a position difference compensation mechanism (303). The position difference compensation mechanism (303) includes an upper end cover (30301), a ball (30302), a retainer (30303), a lower end cover (30304), and a moving part (30305). It is used to compensate for the displacement deviation caused by the difference in the thickness of the lower plate and the deviation caused by the asynchronous displacement between the pressing side translation mechanism (5) and the electrode side translation mechanism (10). The ball (30302) is confined within the retainer (30303) and rolls in contact with the top of the moving part (30305) that penetrates the lower end cover (30304).

3. The apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates under varying temperatures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom end of the moving part (30305) is connected to a pressure sensor (304).

4. The apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates under varying temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the lifting platform (1203) of the lifting mechanism (12) is connected to the first insulating plate (1202), and the top of the first insulating plate (1202) is supported by multiple ceramic columns (1201) to support the plate and prevent current leakage.

5. The apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates under varying temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first return spring (505) is provided between the first cylinder mounting plate (506) and the first mounting seat (501) on one side. A first limiting member (502) is provided between the first cylinder mounting plate (506) and the first mounting seat (501) on one side. The first limiting member (502) is threadedly engaged with the first linear guide (503).

6. The apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates under varying temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature monitoring system, which includes a temperature sensor one (4) and a temperature sensor two (11). The temperature sensor one (4) is fixed to the first pressing mechanism (31) by the upper sensor mounting plate (33), and the temperature sensor two (11) is fixed to the mounting bracket (6) below the plate by the lower sensor mounting plate.

7. The apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of composite plates under varying temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a centering mechanism (14), which includes two sets of positioning units. The two sets of positioning units slide towards each other on the third linear guide rail (1402) and are driven to move away from or closer to each other by a centering cylinder (1405). The two sets of positioning units are also connected to a synchronous linkage mechanism that drives the two to move synchronously. The two sets of positioning units push the plate to the center position from both sides.

8. A method for rapidly gradient heating of a composite plate subjected to different temperatures during rolling, comprising the apparatus for rapidly gradient heating of a composite plate subjected to different temperatures during rolling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1, Material Preparation: Select the composite plate blank to be rolled; Step S2, Clamping and Environmental Preparation: Transfer the composite plate blank to the support platform and place it in the center, and introduce inert gas to construct a protective environment; Step S3, Temperature gradient setting and clamping control: Adjust the distance between the upper and lower plates, and use the double pressing mechanism (3) to press the lower plate and monitor the clamping force; Step S4, Pulse current heating and deformation adaptation: Pulse current is passed through the electrode (13) to heat the plate, the temperature is monitored in real time and feedback is adjusted, and the translation mechanism adapts to the deformation of the plate; Step S5, Rolling and Discharge: The heated composite plate is pushed to the rolling mill (1) for rolling to complete the rolling of the composite plate.

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