High-precision assembly process for three parallel guide rails

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision assembly process for three parallel guide rails, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical assembly and comprises the following steps: mounting a leveling ruler; mounting a second linear guide rail; adjusting the parallelism of the second linear guide rail relative to the leveling ruler; the straightness of the second linear guide rail is adjusted; installing a third linear guide rail and adjusting the parallelism of the third linear guide rail relative to the second linear guide rail; the straightness of the third linear guide rail is adjusted; installing the first linear guide rail and adjusting the parallelism of the first linear guide rail relative to the second linear guide rail; and the straightness of the first linear guide rail is adjusted. According to the invention, the dial indicator, the autocollimator and other detection devices are utilized, and a special tool is combined, so that the installation precision of the three parallel guide rails is effectively ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical assembly, and particularly relates to a high-precision assembly process for three parallel guide rails. Background Art

[0002] Linear guide rails are widely used in linear motion components of structures such as machine tools, automated production equipment, medical equipment, and precision measuring instruments. They are often used in conjunction with ball screws for reciprocating linear motion and have the characteristics of high precision, high rigidity, low friction, long life, easy installation and maintenance, etc.

[0003] The number of linear guide rails selected for different usage scenarios needs to be determined according to the type, size, direction, acting point, and distribution of the external load. The more commonly used ones are single-guide rail structures, double-guide rail structures, and triple-guide rail structures. The single-guide rail structure is often used in cases with smaller loads; the double-guide rail structure is suitable for cases with larger loads or larger eccentric loads because the double-guide rail structure can withstand a certain bending moment; when the guide rail is installed on a horizontal plane and the load has a large span in the width direction of the slider, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of stable operation of the mechanism and maintaining a certain motion accuracy with a double-guide rail structure, a triple-guide rail structure needs to be adopted. Since the triple-guide rail structure is an overconstrained structure, very strict requirements are imposed on the assembly accuracy of the three guide rails during the assembly process. Otherwise, the phenomenon of insufficient accuracy will occur during the service process of the mechanism. In the assembly process of the existing rolling guide rail assembly technology, there are no process measures to ensure the straightness of the guide rail itself. Currently, there is a lack of an effective high-precision assembly process for three parallel guide rails. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A high-precision assembly process for three parallel guide rails, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, install the straightedge; place the straightedge on the marble installation platform and make the straightedge parallel to the straight line where the second linear guide rail installation hole is located and fix the straightedge;

[0007] S2, install the second linear guide rail; align the installation holes of the second linear guide rail with the second linear guide rail installation holes on the marble installation platform in sequence, and sequentially install the screws for fixing the second linear guide rail on the marble installation platform. The screws are not pre-tightened temporarily;

[0008] S3, adjust the parallelism of the second linear guide rail relative to the straightedge; use the first detection device including a marble base and a micrometer to detect and adjust the parallelism between the second linear guide rail and the straightedge within 0.01 mm;

[0009] S4. Adjust the straightness of the second linear guide rail so that the straightness of the second linear guide rail is within 10″, and then lock the screws for fixing the second linear guide rail.

[0010] S5. Install the third linear guide rail and adjust the parallelism of the third linear guide rail relative to the second linear guide rail. Do not fully tighten the screws for fixing the third linear guide rail on the marble installation platform temporarily.

[0011] S6. Adjust the straightness of the third linear guide rail to ensure that the straightness of the third linear guide rail is within 10″, and then lock the screws for fixing the third linear guide rail.

[0012] S7. Install the first linear guide rail and adjust the parallelism of the first linear guide rail relative to the second linear guide rail. Do not tighten the screws for fixing the first linear guide rail on the marble installation platform temporarily.

[0013] S8. Adjust the straightness of the first linear guide rail so that the straightness of the first linear guide rail is within 10″, and finally lock the screws for fixing the first linear guide rail.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present invention uses detection devices such as dial indicators and autocollimators, combined with the designed special tooling, to effectively ensure the installation accuracy of the three parallel guide rails. Specifically, it includes:

[0016] (1) The present invention takes the flat ruler, a standard measuring tool, as the reference for installing the guide rail, and uses a dial indicator to detect the parallelism of the guide rail relative to the flat ruler, which can achieve a relatively high installation accuracy.

[0017] (2) The present invention uses special tooling to adjust the straightness of the guide rail and combines it with an autocollimator for detection, which can effectively ensure the installation straightness of each guide rail.

[0018] (3) When installing the guide rails on both sides, the present invention takes the second linear guide rail installed first as the reference, which can effectively ensure the parallelism between the three guide rails. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the hole positions distribution of the marble installation platform of the present invention, where 010 - marble installation platform, 0151 - first linear guide rail installation hole, 0152 - second linear guide rail installation hole, 0153 - third linear guide rail installation hole, 0161 - first installation hole of the first special tooling, 0162 - second installation hole of the first special tooling, 0163 - third installation hole of the first special tooling, 0171 - first installation hole of the second special tooling, 0172 - second installation hole of the second special tooling, 0173 - third installation hole of the second special tooling;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of step S3 of the present invention for adjusting the parallelism of the second linear guide rail relative to the straightedge, where 010 - marble installation platform, 011 - slider on the second linear guide rail, 012 - second linear guide rail, 013 - straightedge, 014 - first detection device;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of step S4 of the present invention for adjusting the straightness of the second linear guide rail, where 010 - marble installation platform, 011 - slider on the second linear guide rail, 012 - second linear guide rail, 020 - autocollimator, 021 - first special tooling, 022 - second special tooling, 023 - plane mirror;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of step S5 of the present invention for installing and adjusting the parallelism of the third linear guide rail relative to the second linear guide rail, where 010 - marble installation platform, 011 - slider on the second linear guide rail, 012 - second linear guide rail, 030 - third linear guide rail, 031 - slider on the third linear guide rail, 032 - second detection device;

[0024] Figure 6 Partial enlarged schematic diagram of the special tooling used for adjusting the straightness of the guide rail of the present invention, where 010 - marble installation platform, 011 - slider on the second linear guide rail, 012 - second linear guide rail, 021 - first special tooling, 022 - second special tooling, 040 - setscrew hole, 041 - counterbore for fixing the tooling;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the part drawing of the first special tooling or the second special tooling of the present invention, where 040 - setscrew hole, 041 - counterbore for fixing the tooling;

[0026] Figure 8Schematic diagram of installing and adjusting the parallelism of the first linear guide rail relative to the second linear guide rail in step S7 of the present invention, where 010 - marble installation platform, 011 - slider on the second linear guide rail, 012 - second linear guide rail, 032 - second detection device, 051 - first linear guide rail, 052 - slider on the first linear guide rail. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] As Figure 1 , the high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails of the present invention includes:

[0030] S1, install the straightedge 013; refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 , first place a straightedge 013 on the marble installation platform 010, adjust the position of the straightedge 013 to make the straightedge 013 parallel to the straight line where the installation hole 0152 of the second linear guide rail is located, and fix the straightedge with glue.

[0031] S2, install the second linear guide rail 012; refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 , clean and wipe the second linear guide rail 012, make the horizontal installation reference surface of the second linear guide rail 012 closely adhere to the marble installation platform 010, the vertical reference surface of the second linear guide rail 012 faces the side of the straightedge 013, align the installation holes of the second linear guide rail 012 with the corresponding second linear guide rail installation holes 0152 on the marble installation platform 010 in sequence, and install the screws for fixing the second linear guide rail 012 on the marble installation platform 010 in sequence, and the screws are not pre-tightened temporarily.

[0032] S3, adjust the parallelism of the second linear guide rail 012 relative to the straightedge 013; refer to Figure 3 , use the first detection device 014 including a marble base and a micrometer to detect and adjust the parallelism between the second linear guide rail 012 and the straightedge 013 until the parallelism between the vertical reference surface of the second linear guide rail 012 and the side surface of the straightedge 013 is within a specific value (within 0.01 mm), and do not completely tighten the screws for fixing the second linear guide rail 012 temporarily. Among them, the marble base has a first reference surface and a second reference surface that are perpendicular to each other.

[0033] S4. Adjust the straightness of the second linear guide rail 012; in combination with the use of the first special tooling 021, the second special tooling 022 and the autocollimator 020, adjust the straightness of the second linear guide rail to meet the requirements. Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , fix a plane mirror 023 on the slider 011 on the second linear guide rail. On both sides of the second linear guide rail 012 and on the marble installation platform 010, respectively fix the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 through screws at the hole positions corresponding to the Figure 2 second installation holes 0162 of the first special tooling and the second installation holes 0172 of the second special tooling, and install set screws in the set screw holes 040 on the side surfaces of the two toolings of the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 respectively. Use the autocollimator 020 to detect the straightness of the second linear guide rail 012. According to the detection results, adjust the set screw on one side surface of the first special tooling 021 or the second special tooling 022, so that the straightness of the second linear guide rail is within a specific value (10″). Then completely lock the screws for fixing the second linear guide rail 012 to complete the installation and adjustment of the second linear guide rail 012.

[0034] S5. Install the third linear guide rail 030 and adjust the parallelism of the third linear guide rail 030 relative to the second linear guide rail 012; refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 5 , clean and wipe the third linear guide rail 030. Align the several installation holes of the third linear guide rail 030 with the corresponding third linear guide rail installation holes 0153 on the marble installation platform 010 in sequence, keep the vertical reference plane of the third linear guide rail 030 aligned with the side surface of the second linear guide rail 012, and install the screws for fixing the third linear guide rail 030 on the marble installation platform 010 in sequence, and do not pre-tighten the screws temporarily.

[0035] Taking the second linear guide rail 012 as the reference, place the dial indicator head of the second detection device 032 with a magnetic base and a dial indicator on the side reference plane of the third linear guide rail 030, and fix the magnetic base on the slider 011 on the second linear guide rail 012. Slide the slider 011 on the second linear guide rail. According to the dial indicator reading of the second detection device 032, adjust the third linear guide rail 030 until the parallelism between the third linear guide rail 030 and the reference (the second linear guide rail 012) is within a specific value (0.01 mm). Do not completely tighten the screws for fixing the third linear guide rail 030 on the marble installation platform 010 temporarily, and set an appropriate pre-tightening torque for the screws (for example, set the screw tightening torque to two-thirds of the target torque).

[0036] S6. Adjust the straightness of the third linear guide rail 030; adjust the straightness of the third linear guide rail 030 with reference to the straightness adjustment method of the second linear guide rail 012 (step S4). See Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , fix a plane mirror 023 on the slider 031 on the third linear guide rail. Align the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 with the first special tooling third mounting hole 0163 and the second special tooling third mounting hole 0173 on the marble installation platform 010 respectively. Fix the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 to the marble installation platform 010 with screws respectively, and install set screws into the set screw holes 040 on the sides of the two toolings of the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022. Use an autocollimator 020 to detect the straightness of the third linear guide rail 030. According to the detection results, adjust the set screws on the sides of the two special toolings of the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 to ensure that the straightness of the third linear guide rail 030 is within a specific value (10″). Then fully tighten all the screws used to fix the third linear guide rail 030 to complete the installation and adjustment of the third linear guide rail 030.

[0037] S7. Install the first linear guide rail 051 and adjust the parallelism of the first linear guide rail 051 relative to the second linear guide rail 012; see Figure 2 , Figure 8 , clean and wipe the first linear guide rail 051. Align the several mounting holes of the first linear guide rail 051 with the corresponding first linear guide rail mounting holes 0151 on the marble installation platform 010 in sequence. Keep the vertical reference plane of the first linear guide rail 051 aligned with the side of the second linear guide rail 012, and install the screws used to fix the first linear guide rail 051 on the marble installation platform 010 in sequence, without pre-tightening the screws temporarily.

[0038] With the second linear guide rail 012 as the reference, place the dial indicator head of the second detection device 032 with a magnetic base and a dial indicator on the side reference plane of the first linear guide rail 051, and fix the magnetic base on the slider 011 on the second linear guide rail 012. Slide the slider 011 on the second linear guide rail. According to the dial indicator reading of the second detection device 032, adjust the first linear guide rail 051 until the parallelism between the first linear guide rail 051 and the reference (the second linear guide rail 012) is within a specific value (0.01 mm). Do not fully tighten the screws used to fix the first linear guide rail 051 on the marble installation platform 010 temporarily, and set an appropriate pre-tightening torque for the screws (for example, set the screw tightening torque to two-thirds of the target torque).

[0039] S8. Adjust the straightness of the first linear guide rail 051; adjust the straightness of the first linear guide rail 051 with reference to the straightness adjustment method of the second linear guide rail 012 (step S4). Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8 , fix a plane mirror 023 on the slider 052 of the first linear guide rail, and align the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 with the first installation hole 0161 of the first special tooling and the first installation hole 0171 of the second special tooling on the marble installation platform 010 respectively. Fix the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 to the marble installation platform 010 with screws respectively, and install set screws into the set screw holes 040 on the sides of the two toolings of the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022. Use an autocollimator 020 to detect the straightness of the first linear guide rail 051, and according to the detection result, adjust the set screw on one side of the two special toolings of the first special tooling 021 or the second special tooling 022, so that the straightness of the first linear guide rail 051 is within a specific value (1″). Then fully tighten the screws used to fix the first linear guide rail 051 to complete the installation and adjustment of the first linear guide rail 051.

[0040] As Figure 2 shown, the marble installation platform 010 is successively provided with a third installation hole 0163 of the first special tooling, a third linear guide rail installation hole 0153, a third installation hole 0173 of the second special tooling, a second installation hole 0162 of the first special tooling, a second linear guide rail installation hole 0152, a second installation hole 0172 of the second special tooling, a first installation hole 0161 of the first special tooling, a first linear guide rail installation hole 0151, and a first installation hole 0171 of the second special tooling, which are parallel to each other.

[0041] Preferably, the straightedge 013 in step S1 is a rectangular straightedge, and its length is equivalent to the lengths of the three guide rails. The distance between the straightedge 013 and the second linear guide rail installation hole 0152 is suitable for placing the marble base and the dial indicator of the first detection device 014.

[0042] Preferably, the specific steps of S3 are as follows:

[0043] Insert the screws for fixing the second linear guide 012 into the second linear guide mounting holes 0152 but do not fully tighten them. Place the bottom surface of the marble base of the first detection device 014 on the marble mounting platform 010, and place the dial indicator head on the vertical reference surface of the second linear guide 012. Move the marble base and keep the side reference surface of the marble base in close contact with the side of the straightedge 013 during the movement. Adjust the position of the second linear guide 012 according to the dial indicator reading, and sequentially tighten the screws for fixing the second linear guide 012 to set an appropriate pre-tightening torque for the screws (for example, set the screw tightening torque to two-thirds of the target torque) until the parallelism between the vertical reference surface of the second linear guide 012 and the side of the straightedge 013 is within 0.01 mm.

[0044] Preferably, the specific steps of S4 are as follows:

[0045] Fix the plane mirror 023 on the slider 011 of the second linear guide by gluing or other means; install the autocollimator 020 on a stable base (or tripod), keep the center line of the object tube of the autocollimator 020 at the same height as the center line of the plane mirror 023, turn on the switch of the autocollimator 020 and perform calibration, and adjust the x and y axis measurement values near the origin. Slide the slider 011 on the second linear guide back and forth, observe the change in the x-axis reading of the autocollimator, determine the straightness deviation direction of the second linear guide 012, and adjust the set screws of the first special tooling 021 or the second special tooling 022 on the side where the deviation direction is located according to the magnitude of the deviation amount. For example, Figure 6 in the case where the second linear guide 012 is deviated to the left, tighten the set screws of the first special tooling 021 near the deviation, and vice versa, tighten the set screws on the second special tooling 022. Ensure that the straightness of the second linear guide 012 is within the tolerance (10″) range, and finally fully tighten all the screws for fixing the second linear guide 012.

[0046] Preferably, refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 have exactly the same shape and size, both are rectangular strips, the length is the same as that of each linear guide, and the thickness is slightly less than the gap between each slider and the marble mounting platform 010. Both the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022 include two groups of holes. One group is the counterbore holes for fixing the tooling, which penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the first special tooling 021 or the second special tooling 022, and the other group is the set screw holes 040, which are located on the side of the first special tooling 021 or the second special tooling 022 and are used to adjust the straightness of one side of the guide rail.

[0047] Preferably, the marble installation platform 010 for installing the guide rail is reserved with process holes: the first installation hole 0161 of the first special tooling, the second installation hole 0162 of the first special tooling, the third installation hole 0163 of the first special tooling, the first installation hole 0171 of the second special tooling, the second installation hole 0172 of the second special tooling, and the third installation hole 0173 of the second special tooling, which are used for installing the first special tooling 021 and the second special tooling 022.

[0048] Preferably, both the installation of the third linear guide rail 030 in step S5 and the installation of the first linear guide rail 051 in step S7 are based on the slider 011 on the second linear guide rail.

[0049] Preferably, the specific adjustment method for adjusting the straightness of the first linear guide rail 051 in step S8 is the same as the specific adjustment method for adjusting the straightness of the second linear guide rail 012 in step S4 and the specific adjustment method for adjusting the straightness of the third linear guide rail 030 in step S6.

[0050] In all the examples shown and described here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary, not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0051] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related system fields, shall be equally included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] The content not detailedly described in the specification of the present invention belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-precision assembly process for three parallel guide rails, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Install the straightedge; place the straightedge on the marble installation platform and make the straightedge parallel to the line where the second linear guide installation holes are located, and then fix the straightedge. S2. Install the second linear guide; align the installation holes of the second linear guide with the second linear guide installation holes on the marble installation platform in sequence, and sequentially install the screws for fixing the second linear guide on the marble installation platform. The screws are not pre-tightened temporarily. S3. Adjust the parallelism of the second linear guide relative to the straightedge; use the first detection device including a marble base and a micrometer to detect and adjust the parallelism between the second linear guide and the straightedge within 0.01 mm. S4. Adjust the straightness of the second linear guide; make the straightness of the second linear guide within 10″, and then lock the screws for fixing the second linear guide. S5. Install the third linear guide and adjust the parallelism of the third linear guide relative to the second linear guide; do not completely tighten the screws for fixing the third linear guide on the marble installation platform temporarily. S6. Adjust the straightness of the third linear guide; ensure that the straightness of the third linear guide is within 10″, and then lock the screws for fixing the third linear guide. S7. Install the first linear guide and adjust the parallelism of the first linear guide relative to the second linear guide; do not tighten the screws for fixing the first linear guide on the marble installation platform temporarily. S8. Adjust the straightness of the first linear guide; make the straightness of the first linear guide within 10″, and finally lock the screws for fixing the first linear guide.

2. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, wherein S4 includes: fix a plane mirror on the slider of the second linear guide; on both sides of the second linear guide and on the marble installation platform, fix the first special tooling and the second special tooling at the hole positions corresponding to the second installation holes of the first special tooling and the second installation holes of the second special tooling respectively by screws, and install the set screws in the set screw holes on the sides of the first special tooling and the second special tooling; use an autocollimator to detect the straightness of the second linear guide, and according to the detection result, adjust the set screw on one side of the first special tooling or the second special tooling to make the straightness of the second linear guide within 10″, and then completely lock the screws for fixing the second linear guide to complete the installation and adjustment of the second linear guide. S6 includes: fix a plane mirror on the slider of the third linear guide, align the first special tooling and the second special tooling with the third installation holes of the first special tooling and the third installation holes of the second special tooling on the marble installation platform respectively, fix the first special tooling and the second special tooling on the marble installation platform with screws respectively, and install the set screws in the set screw holes on the sides of the first special tooling and the second special tooling; use an autocollimator to detect the straightness of the third linear guide, and according to the detection result, adjust the set screws on the sides of the two special toolings of the first special tooling and the second special tooling to make the straightness of the third linear guide within 10″, and then completely lock the screws for fixing the third linear guide to complete the installation and adjustment of the third linear guide. S8 includes: fixing a plane mirror on the slider of the first linear guide rail, aligning the first special tooling and the second special tooling with the first installation hole of the first special tooling and the first installation hole of the second special tooling on the marble installation platform respectively; fixing the first special tooling and the second special tooling on the marble installation platform with screws respectively, and installing set screws into the set screw holes on the sides of the first special tooling and the second special tooling; using an autocollimator to detect the straightness of the first linear guide rail, and according to the detection result, adjusting the set screw on one side of the first special tooling or the second special tooling so that the straightness of the first linear guide rail is within 10″; then completely tightening the screws for fixing the first linear guide rail to complete the installation and adjustment of the first linear guide rail.

3. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, wherein S5 including: Clean and wipe the third linear guide rail. Align the several installation holes of the third linear guide rail with the corresponding third linear guide rail installation holes on the marble installation platform in sequence. Keep the vertical reference plane of the third linear guide rail aligned with the side of the second linear guide rail, and install the screws for fixing the third linear guide rail on the marble installation platform in sequence. Do not pre-tighten the screws temporarily. Taking the second linear guide rail as a reference, place the dial indicator head of the second detection device with a magnetic base and a dial indicator on the side reference plane of the third linear guide rail, and fix the magnetic base on the slider of the second linear guide rail; slide the slider on the second linear guide rail, and adjust the third linear guide rail according to the dial indicator reading of the second detection device until the parallelism between the third linear guide rail and the second linear guide rail is within 0.01 mm; do not completely tighten the screws for fixing the third linear guide rail on the marble installation platform temporarily, and set an appropriate pre-tightening torque for the screws. S7 includes: cleaning and wiping the first linear guide rail. Align the several installation holes of the first linear guide rail with the corresponding first linear guide rail installation holes on the marble installation platform in sequence. Keep the vertical reference plane of the first linear guide rail aligned with the side of the second linear guide rail, and install the screws for fixing the first linear guide rail on the marble installation platform in sequence. Do not pre-tighten the screws temporarily. Taking the second linear guide rail as a reference, place the dial indicator head of the second detection device with a magnetic base and a dial indicator on the side reference plane of the first linear guide rail, and fix the magnetic base on the slider of the second linear guide rail; slide the slider on the second linear guide rail, and adjust the first linear guide rail according to the dial indicator reading of the second detection device until the parallelism between the first linear guide rail and the second linear guide rail is within 0.01 mm; do not completely tighten the screws for fixing the first linear guide rail on the marble installation platform temporarily, and set an appropriate pre-tightening torque for the screws.

4. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straightedge is a rectangular straightedge.

5. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 includes: The screws used to fix the second linear guide are inserted into the mounting holes of the second linear guide but not fully tightened. Place the bottom surface of the marble base of the first detection device on the marble mounting platform, and place the dial indicator head on the vertical reference surface of the second linear guide. Move the marble base and keep the vertical reference surface of the marble base in close contact with the side surface of the straightedge during the movement. Adjust the position of the second linear guide according to the dial indicator reading, and then tighten the screws used to fix the second linear guide in sequence, and set an appropriate pre-tightening torque for the screws until the parallelism between the vertical reference surface of the second linear guide and the side surface of the straightedge is within 0.01 mm.

6. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 includes: fixing the plane mirror on the slider of the second linear guide by means of glue or other fixing methods; installing the autocollimator on a stable base or tripod, keeping the center line of the object tube of the autocollimator at the same height as the center line of the plane mirror, turning on the autocollimator switch and performing calibration, and adjusting the x and y axis measurement values near the origin; sliding the slider on the second linear guide back and forth, observing the change in the x-axis reading of the autocollimator, determining the straightness deviation direction of the second linear guide, and adjusting the set screws of the first special tooling or the second special tooling on the side where the deviation direction is located according to the magnitude of the deviation amount to ensure that the straightness of the second linear guide is within the tolerance range, and finally fully tighten all the screws used to fix the second linear guide.

7. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that The first special tooling and the second special tooling have exactly the same shape and size, both are rectangular strips, with the same length as the first linear guide, the second linear guide, and the third linear guide, and the thickness is slightly less than the gap between the slider on the first linear guide, the slider on the second linear guide, or the slider on the third linear guide and the marble mounting platform; both the first special tooling and the second special tooling include two groups of holes. One group is the threaded holes for fixing the tooling, which penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the first special tooling or the second special tooling, and the other group is the set screw holes, which are located on the side surface of the first special tooling or the second special tooling and are used to adjust the straightness of one side of the guide rail.

8. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the marble mounting platform, the third mounting holes for the first special tooling, the mounting holes for the third linear guide, the third mounting holes for the second special tooling, the second mounting holes for the first special tooling, the mounting holes for the second linear guide, the second mounting holes for the second special tooling, the first mounting holes for the first special tooling, the mounting holes for the first linear guide, and the first mounting holes for the second special tooling are reserved in sequence and are parallel to each other; the first mounting hole for the first special tooling, the second mounting hole for the first special tooling, and the third mounting hole for the first special tooling are used to install the first special tooling; the first mounting hole for the second special tooling, the second mounting hole for the second special tooling, and the third mounting hole for the second special tooling are used to install the second special tooling.

9. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, the installation of the third linear guide and in step S7, the installation of the first linear guide are both based on the slider on the second linear guide.

10. The high-precision assembly process of the three parallel guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific adjustment method for adjusting the straightness of the first linear guide in step S8 is the same as the specific adjustment method for adjusting the straightness of the second linear guide in step S4 and the specific adjustment method for adjusting the straightness of the third linear guide in step S6.

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