Tangential resonance assisted normal following spline profile diamond roller dressing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tangential resonance assisted normal following spline profile diamond roller dressing method. By constructing a normal following-tangential resonance-arc deflection ternary coupling motion system, enveloping machining of a tool grinding wheel single point on the whole contour of the spline curve contour diamond roller is achieved so as to adapt to dynamic curvature changes of a complex spline curve. According to the method, grinding force can be greatly reduced and non-uniform abrasion of a tool grinding wheel can be effectively inhibited through a point contact-linear envelope machining mode and an energy dissipation effect, and direct constraint of the contour precision of the tool grinding wheel on a finishing result can be broken through; the tool grinding wheel is not uniformly abraded, the tool grinding wheel contour precision dependence is high, and the machining efficiency is low, so that the finishing precision and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of diamond roller dressing, and particularly relates to a method for dressing a diamond roller with a spline curve profile by tangential resonance assisted normal following. Background Art

[0002] In the field of high-end manufacturing, diamond rollers, as the core tools for ultra-precision grinding, are widely used in the processing of key components such as the tenon grooves of aero-engine blades, precision automotive transmission gears, and bearing raceways of energy equipment. Their dressing accuracy directly determines the dimensional accuracy of workpieces. Taking the sector shaft of a heavy-duty vehicle steering gear as an example, the profile grinding process is mainly adopted, and its tooth surface is a multi-segment spline curve and an asymmetric surface, which requires a micron-level profile accuracy. The dressing accuracy of the diamond roller is the key to ensuring the profile accuracy of the workpiece.

[0003] The existing high-precision dressing methods mainly use diamond tool grinding wheels for mechanical interpolation dressing. However, diamond rollers with coarse grain size, high hardness, high concentration, and good equal-height characteristics will increase the grinding force, causing profile wear of the tool grinding wheel, and then changing the dressing path, resulting in low dressing accuracy.

[0004] This traditional mechanical interpolation dressing method also has the following problems: First, the traditional fixed-step interpolation dressing is difficult to match the dynamic curvature change of the spline curve and cannot dress the diamond roller with a spline curve profile. Second, the variable-step interpolation dressing technology uses different arc positions of the tool grinding wheel for micro linear approximation interpolation dressing. The strict geometric mapping relationship between the circular arc surface of the tool grinding wheel and the surface of the diamond roller leads to uneven wear and trajectory distortion, thus reducing the dressing accuracy. Third, the dressing process requires the tool grinding wheel to be stopped for inspection and dressing, resulting in low processing efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the dressing method for diamond rollers with spline curve profiles to improve the dressing accuracy and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for dressing a diamond roller with a spline curve profile by tangential resonance assisted normal following. By constructing a "normal following - tangential resonance - circular arc yaw three-element coupling motion system", the diamond roller with a spline curve profile is dressed to improve the dressing accuracy and efficiency.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for dressing a diamond roller with a spline curve profile by tangential resonance assisted normal following, comprising the following steps: (1) The axes of the tool grinding wheel and the diamond roller are in the same plane, and each rotates around its own axis. Define the axis perpendicular to the axis of the rotation center of the tool grinding wheel on the workbench where the tool grinding wheel is located as the C1 axis. Define the axis perpendicular to the axis of the tool grinding wheel itself and its rotation center as the C2 axis. The tool grinding wheel makes a normal following motion around the C1 axis and performs an arc yaw motion around the C2 axis with its own rotation center as the rotation point. (2) Adjust the swing angle of the C1 axis according to the curvature radius of different profile segments and perform dressing along the profile. Repeat step (1) until the tangent point envelopes the entire profile to complete one profile machining. (3) After the first full-profile machining is completed, for the second time, the tool grinding wheel adjusts the dressing amount along the normal direction in different curvature profile segments. Repeat steps (1) and (2) until the dressing accuracy meets the requirements.

[0008] Step (1) also includes the following steps: S1: The tool grinding wheel rotates around the C1 axis to make a normal following motion and adjusts the path trajectory according to the different curvature radii of the spline curve to ensure that the arc where the highest point of the tool grinding wheel is located is always tangent to the contact point of the profile. S2: For the segment with the same curvature radius of the diamond roller profile, when the tool grinding wheel moves to the midpoint, with the intersection point of its own rotation axis and the axis from the tangent point to the axis as the origin, it performs an arc swing around the C2 axis. + is the central angle opposite, and it is stipulated that the swing angle range of the tool grinding wheel is , and + ; S3: While the tool grinding wheel performs an arc swing in the profile segment, it performs a periodic harmonic motion along the axis direction of the tool grinding wheel, that is, the x direction, and the harmonic direction is always the axis direction of the rotation center of the tool grinding wheel during the arc swing. In step S3, during the dressing process, the sizes of different abrasive grains are different, and the tangential harmonic amplitude needs to be adjusted in a timely manner according to different specifications.

[0009] In step S3, the amplitude is 0.001 mm and the frequency is 30 KHz.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention discloses a method for dressing a diamond roller with a spline curve profile by tangential resonance-assisted normal following. By constructing a "normal following - tangential resonance - circular arc yaw three-element coupling motion system", the single-point of the tool grinding wheel can achieve envelope machining of the entire profile of the diamond roller with a spline curve profile, so as to adapt to the dynamic curvature change of complex spline curves. This method can greatly reduce the grinding force and effectively inhibit the non-uniform wear of the tool grinding wheel through the point contact - line envelope machining method and the energy dissipation effect, break through the direct constraint of the profile accuracy of the tool grinding wheel on the dressing result, and can effectively solve the problems of uneven wear of the tool grinding wheel, high dependence on the profile accuracy of the tool grinding wheel, and low machining efficiency in the existing diamond roller dressing technology, thereby improving the dressing accuracy and efficiency.

[0011] (2) Through normal following, the profile of the diamond roller is always tangent to the vertex of the tool grinding wheel, adapting to the dynamic curvature change of complex spline curves, and realizing the "point contact - line envelope" dynamic machining method of the tool grinding wheel for the diamond roller, reducing the direct influence of the profile error of the tool grinding wheel on the dressing accuracy; the single point of the tool grinding wheel realizes the dressing of the entire profile of the diamond roller, has little dependence on the profile accuracy of the tool grinding wheel, and is effectively applicable to the dressing of diamond rollers with spline curve profiles with fast curvature changes.

[0012] (3) Through tangential resonance and circular arc yaw, the instantaneous contact area is reduced. Combining with the high-frequency micro-impact energy diffusion effect of resonance, the grinding stress per unit area in the machining process is reduced, the grinding stress is cut, and the wear of the tool grinding wheel is effectively inhibited. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 is the machining trajectory diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the contact area diagram during the machining process of the present invention; Figure 3 is the circular arc swing diagram of the tool grinding wheel of the present invention; Figure 4 is the tangential resonance diagram of the tool grinding wheel of the present invention; Figure 5 is the motion synthesis diagram of the tool grinding wheel of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0014] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for dressing a diamond roller with a spline curve profile by tangential resonance-assisted normal following, as Figures 1 to 5 shown.

[0016] Tangential Resonance Assisted Normal Following Spline Curve Profile Diamond Roller Dressing Method, by constructing a "Normal Following - Tangential Resonance - Circular Arc Yaw Three - element Coupled Motion System", the spline curve profile diamond roller is dressed. The specific dressing process steps are as follows: (1) The axes of the tool grinding wheel and the diamond roller are in the same plane, and each rotates around its own axis; Define the axis perpendicular to the axis of the tool grinding wheel's rotation center in the space of the workbench where the tool grinding wheel is located as the C1 axis; Define the axis perpendicular to the axis of the tool grinding wheel itself and its rotation center in the space as the C2 axis; The tool grinding wheel makes a normal following motion around the C1 axis and performs a circular arc yaw motion around the C2 axis with its own rotation center as the rotation point; (2) Adjust the swing angle of the C1 axis according to the curvature radius of different profile segments and dress along the profile. Repeat step (1) until the tangent envelope covers the entire profile, completing one profile machining; (3) After the first full - profile machining is completed, for the second time, the tool grinding wheel adjusts the dressing amount along the normal direction in different curvature profile segments. Repeat steps (1) and (2) until the dressing accuracy meets the requirements.

[0017] Among them, step (1) also includes the following steps: S1: The tool grinding wheel rotates around the C1 axis to make a normal following motion, and adjusts the path trajectory according to the different curvature radii of the spline curve to ensure that the generatrix where the highest point of the tool grinding wheel is located is always in the normal direction of the contact point of the profile; S2: For the segment with the same curvature radius of the diamond roller profile, when the tool grinding wheel moves to the mid - point, with the intersection point of its own rotation axis and the axis from the tangent point to the axis as the origin, it performs a circular arc swing around the C2 axis. + is the central angle subtended, and it is stipulated that the swing angle range of the tool grinding wheel is , and + ; S3: While the tool grinding wheel performs a circular arc swing in the profile segment, it performs a periodic resonance motion along the axis direction of the tool grinding wheel, that is, the x - direction, and the resonance direction is always the axis direction of the tool grinding wheel's rotation center during the circular arc swing; during the dressing process, the particle sizes of different abrasive grains are different, and the tangential resonance amplitude needs to be adjusted in a timely manner according to different specifications.

[0018] The following takes the dressing of a certain diamond roller for gear processing as an example. The profile of this diamond roller is a spline curve that is asymmetric left and right.

[0019] Select a sintered ceramic bonded diamond grinding wheel as the tool grinding wheel. The abrasive grain size is preferably 100 / 120, the arc radius is 2 mm, and the diameter is 180 mm, but it is not limited to this specification. The dressing process steps are as follows: (1) The axes of the tool grinding wheel 2 and the diamond roller 1 are located in the same plane (x - y), and each rotates around its axis. The rotational speed of the tool grinding wheel is 5000 rpm / min, and the rotational speed of the diamond roller is 300 rpm / min, but it is not limited to this rotational speed.

[0020] (2) As Figure 2 shown, the tool grinding wheel 2 rotates around the C1 axis to make a normal following motion. Adjust the path trajectory according to the different curvature radii of the spline curve to ensure that the arc where the highest point of the tool grinding wheel is located is always tangent to the contact point of the profile, that is, the arc of the tool grinding wheel is tangent to the corresponding curvature profile; (3) As Figure 3 shown, is the section with the same curvature radius of the diamond roller profile. When the tool grinding wheel moves to the midpoint, with the intersection point of its own rotation axis and the tangent generatrix as the origin, it makes an arc swing around the C2 axis, the central angle corresponding to is 0.6°. It is stipulated that the swing angle range of the tool grinding wheel is 0.6°, and the number of swings is 10 times, but it is not limited to this process parameter; (4) As Figure 4 shown, while the tool grinding wheel 2 makes an arc swing in the profile section, it performs a periodic harmonic motion along the axis direction (x - direction) of the tool grinding wheel 2. The amplitude is 0.001 mm, and the frequency is 30 KHz. And during the arc swing, the harmonic direction is always the axis direction, but it is not limited to this process parameter; (5) As Figure 1 shown, dress along the profile to complete one profile machining; (6) After the first full - profile machining is completed, for the second time, the tool grinding wheel trims 0.002 mm along the normal direction, that is, towards the diamond roller side, in different curvature profile sections, and repeats steps S1 - S5; (7) As Figure 5 shown, the normal following, arc swing and tangential harmonic vibration of the tool grinding wheel cooperate to complete the dressing of the diamond roller. Repeat steps S1 - S6 10 times, with a total dressing amount of 0.02 mm to complete the dressing of the diamond roller.

[0021] The spline curve profile diamond roller dressing method assisted by tangential resonance and normal following disclosed in the present invention realizes the envelope machining of the entire profile of the spline curve profile diamond roller by a single point of the tool grinding wheel through constructing a "ternary coupled motion system of normal following - tangential resonance - circular arc yaw", so as to adapt to the dynamic curvature change of complex spline curves. This method can greatly reduce the grinding force and effectively suppress the non-uniform wear of the tool grinding wheel through the point contact - line envelope machining method and the energy dissipation effect, break through the direct constraint of the profile accuracy of the tool grinding wheel on the dressing result, and can effectively solve the problems of uneven wear of the tool grinding wheel, high dependence on the profile accuracy of the tool grinding wheel and low machining efficiency in the existing diamond roller dressing technology, thereby improving the dressing accuracy and efficiency.

[0022] If terms such as "first" and "second" are used to limit components in this patent, those skilled in the art should be aware that the use of "first" and "second" is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and these terms have no special meaning.

[0023] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the invention claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "center", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation on the protected content of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dressing a diamond roller with a spline curve profile by tangential resonance assisted normal following, characterized in that It includes the following steps: (1) The axes of the tool grinding wheel and the diamond roller are in the same plane, and each rotates around its own axis. Define the axis perpendicular to the axis of the space between the workbench where the tool grinding wheel is located and the rotation center of the tool grinding wheel as the C1 axis. Define the axis perpendicular to the axis of the space between the tool grinding wheel itself and its rotation center as the C2 axis. The tool grinding wheel makes a normal following motion around the C1 axis and performs an arc yaw motion around the C2 axis with its own rotation center as the rotation point. (2) Adjust the swing angle of the C1 axis according to the curvature radius of different profile segments and perform dressing along the profile. Repeat step (1) until the tangent point envelopes the entire profile, completing one profile machining. (3) After the first full-profile machining is completed, for the second time, the tool grinding wheel adjusts the dressing amount along the normal direction in different curvature profile segments. Repeat steps (1) and (2) until the dressing accuracy meets the requirements.

2. The diamond roller dressing method with a spline curve profile by tangential resonance assisted normal following according to claim 1, wherein: Step (1) also includes the following steps: S1: The tool grinding wheel rotates around the C1 axis to make a normal following motion and adjusts the path trajectory according to the different curvature radii of the spline curve to ensure that the arc where the highest point of the tool grinding wheel is located is always tangent to the contact point of the profile. S2: It is the section with the same curvature radius of the diamond roller profile. When the tool grinding wheel moves to the midpoint, with the intersection point of its own rotation axis and the axis from the tangent point to the axis as the origin, it swings in an arc around the C2 axis. + is the central angle subtended, and it is stipulated that the swing angle range of the tool grinding wheel is and + ; S3: The tool grinding wheel is located While making an arc swing in the profile section, it performs a periodic resonant motion along the axis direction of the tool grinding wheel, i.e., the x-direction, and the resonant direction is always the axis direction of the center of rotation of the tool grinding wheel during the arc swing.

3. The diamond roller dressing method with a spline curve profile of tangential resonance assisted normal following according to claim 2, wherein: In step S3, during the dressing process, the sizes of different abrasive grains are different, and the tangential resonance amplitude needs to be adjusted in a timely manner according to different specifications.

4. The diamond roller dressing method with a spline curve profile of tangential resonance assisted normal following according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the amplitude is 0.001 mm and the frequency is 30 KHz.

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