Automatic polishing and grinding equipment for motor shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motor shaft production and machining, in particular to motor shaft automatic polishing and grinding equipment which comprises a lathe, a polishing mechanism, a shaft feeding mechanism and abutting clamping mechanisms, a motor shaft is horizontally conveyed to a machining area of the lathe through a shaft conveying assembly and jacked to the position between the two abutting clamping mechanisms through a shaft jacking assembly, and the motor shaft is automatically polished and ground. When the two abutting clamping mechanisms are close to each other, the ejector pin can abut against the end of the motor shaft, the clamping block in transmission connection with the ejector pin through the abutting clamping transmission assembly can position the end of the motor shaft, and it is ensured that the ejector pin can coaxially abut against the end of the motor shaft; the problems that existing motor shaft polishing is manually fixed and polishing precision and production efficiency cannot be improved are solved, a clamping block is slidably arranged on a driving block in the axial direction of an ejector pin, when a polishing wheel polishes the circumferential face of the end of the motor shaft, the clamping block can timely avoid according to the moving track of a polishing wheel, and the polishing precision and the production efficiency are improved. And interference with a polishing wheel is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor shaft production and processing, in particular to an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the polishing and grinding process for motor shafts relies primarily on manual labor, requiring workers to manually secure the workpiece and operate a handheld polishing machine. This traditional method is not only inefficient but also significantly impacts the operator's skill level. This can lead to inconsistent polishing quality, uneven surface roughness, and dimensional deviations, making it difficult to meet the precision requirements of mass production. Furthermore, manual polishing poses safety risks, as high-speed rotating polishing tools can cause debris to fly and injure the operator.

[0003] While the semi-automated polishing equipment currently available on the market implements mechanical operations during the polishing phase, it still requires manual intervention during the critical clamping and positioning phase. Operators must manually install the motor shaft into the fixture, carefully adjusting the position and tightening it. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also requires a high level of operator proficiency. Due to the inevitable positioning errors associated with manual clamping, it is difficult to ensure baseline consistency during the subsequent polishing process, directly impacting the final product's machining accuracy. This semi-automated production method essentially mechanizes only a portion of the manual operation, and the entire process still has significant breakpoints, preventing the formation of a continuous and efficient automated production line. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft is provided. The motor shaft is horizontally conveyed to the processing area of a lathe by a shaft conveying assembly, and is lifted between two abutting and clamping mechanisms by a shaft lifting assembly. When the two abutting and clamping mechanisms are relatively close, the ejector pin will abut against the end of the motor shaft. At the same time, the clamping block connected to the ejector pin through the abutting and clamping transmission assembly can position the end of the motor shaft, thereby ensuring that the ejector pin can coaxially abut against the end of the motor shaft, and then the polishing mechanism polishes and grinds the rotating motor shaft, solving the problem that the existing motor shaft polishing is performed by manual fixing and polishing and cannot improve the polishing accuracy and production efficiency.

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft, including a lathe, characterized in that the lathe has a polishing mechanism, a shaft loading mechanism and an abutment clamping mechanism, wherein the shaft loading mechanism comprises: a shaft conveying assembly, which passes horizontally through the bottom of the processing area of the lathe; a shaft jacking assembly, which is arranged below the shaft conveying assembly and is used to lift the shaft on the shaft conveying assembly to between the main shaft and the tailstock of the lathe; the abutment clamping mechanism comprises: a disc-shaped bracket, which is installed on the main shaft and the tailstock of the lathe; a pin, which is coaxially slidably arranged in the disc-shaped bracket and is used to abut against the end of the shaft; a clamping block, which is distributed on the disc-shaped bracket along the circumference of the pin, and the clamping block can move radially along the disc-shaped bracket; an abutment clamping transmission assembly, which is arranged in the disc-shaped bracket to transmit and connect the pin and the clamping block, and when the pin abuts against the end of the shaft and continues to move relative to the disc-shaped bracket, the clamping block radially abuts against the circumferential surface of the shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the abutment clamping transmission assembly further includes: a rotating ring, coaxially rotatably arranged in the disc-shaped bracket and transmission-connected to the ejector pin, the rotating ring being provided with drive grooves distributed along its circumference, the drive grooves extending in a direction deviating from the radial direction of the rotating ring; a drive block, distributed on the disc-shaped bracket along the circumference of the ejector pin, the drive block being capable of moving radially along the disc-shaped bracket, the drive block being provided with a drive pin that slides with the drive groove, and the rotating ring rotates when the ejector pin moves relative to the rotating ring.

[0007] Preferably, the abutment clamping transmission assembly also includes: a rotating tube, which is rotatably arranged in a disc-shaped bracket, and is provided with arc grooves distributed along its circumference, and one end of the rotating tube is connected to the rotating ring; a sliding tube, which is coaxially slidably arranged in the disc-shaped bracket, and one end of the sliding tube is connected to the ejector pin, and is provided with a guide pin extending along its radial direction, and the guide pin is slidably engaged with the arc groove.

[0008] Preferably, an elastic reset element is provided between the ejector pin and the disc-shaped support.

[0009] Preferably, a toggle ring capable of moving along its circumferential direction is provided at one end of the disc-shaped bracket facing the ejector pin, the clamping block and the driving block are elastically connected, and a sliding groove for slidingly cooperating with the clamping block is provided on the toggle ring. When the working part of the polishing mechanism abuts against the toggle ring, the clamping block moves along the axial direction of the shaft to expose the end circumferential surface of the shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting pin is provided on the driving block, the connecting pin slides through the clamping block, an elastic buffer element is sleeved on the connecting pin, and the elastic buffer element is located between the clamping block and the driving block.

[0011] Preferably, a roller is provided at the contact portion between the clamping block and the cylindrical surface of the motor shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a thrust bearing is provided on the outer periphery of the toggle ring, and the polishing mechanism includes: a polishing bracket, which is arranged on the top of the lathe; a polishing wheel, which is rotatably arranged on the bottom of the polishing bracket; a polishing motor, which is arranged on the top of the polishing bracket and is rotatably connected to the polishing wheel; and a toggle bracket, which is arranged at the bottom of the polishing bracket and is located on both sides of the polishing wheel, and is used to push the thrust bearing to move axially.

[0013] Preferably, the disc-shaped bracket includes: an inner disc, which is connected to the lathe spindle, and one end of the rotating tube is rotatably connected to the inner disc; an outer disc, which is coaxially arranged with the inner disc, and the driving block is slidably arranged on the outer disc; a connecting column, which is distributed circumferentially between the inner disc and the outer disc, and the two ends of the connecting column are fixedly connected to the inner disc and the outer disc respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the shaft conveying assembly includes two roller chains arranged in parallel below the processing area of the lathe, and V-shaped groove support plates are arranged at equal intervals on the roller chains; the shaft lifting assembly includes a slide cylinder arranged below the two roller chains, and a V-shaped groove support seat is provided at the working end of the slide cylinder. When the slide cylinder is working, the V-shaped groove support seat lifts the shaft placed horizontally on the V-shaped groove support plate upward.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This application utilizes a shaft conveyor assembly to transport the motor shaft horizontally to the processing area. This ensures a stable and reliable transport process, ensuring the motor shaft maintains a consistent posture during movement. Subsequently, the shaft lifting assembly activates, lifting the motor shaft from the conveyor track to the working position and accurately feeding it between two clamping mechanisms. At this point, the clamping mechanisms begin to converge, and their internal ejector pins abut the ends of the motor shaft, providing initial positioning for the motor shaft.

[0016] The ejector pin and clamping block are then driven synchronously through the abutment clamping drive assembly. The clamping block contacts the circumferential surface of the motor shaft end while maintaining stable positioning. The clamping block and ejector pin cooperate to limit axial and radial displacement of the motor shaft. This allows the polishing mechanism to activate, uniformly and continuously polishing the rotating motor shaft surface. The entire process is highly automated, avoiding the error accumulation and efficiency bottlenecks associated with manual intervention, significantly improving polishing quality and production cycle time.

[0017] The present application also slidably arranges the clamping block on the driving block along the axial direction of the thimble. When the polishing wheel grinds the circumferential surface of the end of the motor shaft, the clamping block can timely avoid according to the running track of the grinding wheel, preventing interference with the polishing wheel. This structural arrangement ensures the stable positioning of the motor shaft by the clamping block in the initial stage and provides the ability of dynamic yielding during the polishing stage, enabling the polishing wheel to cover the entire circumferential area of the shaft end without obstacles. In this way, the problem of polishing blind spots caused by space limitations in the traditional clamping structure is effectively solved, ensuring the integrity and flatness of the polished surface of the motor shaft, thereby improving the overall processing quality and appearance consistency. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part A of

[0020] Figure 3 is a front view of an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 is a perspective view of an abutting and clamping mechanism in an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged view of part B of

[0023] Figure 6 is a sectional view of an abutting and clamping mechanism in an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view of part C of

[0025] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional exploded view of a rotating ring and a driving block in an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 is a perspective view of a clamping block in an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 is Figure 9 a partial enlarged view of part D of

[0028] The numbers in the figure are: 1, lathe; 2, polishing mechanism; 21, polishing bracket; 22, polishing wheel; 23, polishing motor; 24, toggle rack; 31, shaft conveying assembly; 311, roller chain; 312, V-shaped support plate; 32, shaft lifting assembly; 321, slide cylinder; 322, V-shaped support seat; 41, disc bracket; 411, inner disc; 412, outer disc; 413, connecting column; 42, ejector pin; 43. Clamping block; 431. Roller; 441. Rotating ring; 4411. Driving groove; 442. Driving block; 4421. Driving pin; 4422. Connecting pin; 4423. Elastic buffer element; 443. Rotating tube; 4431. Arc groove; 444. Sliding tube; 4441. Guide pin; 445. Elastic reset element; 446. Driving ring; 4461. Sliding groove; 4462. Thrust bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft comprises a lathe 1 and a polishing mechanism 2 arranged above the lathe 1. A shaft feeding mechanism is arranged below the processing area of the lathe 1. Both the main shaft and the tailstock of the lathe 1 are provided with abutment clamping mechanisms. The shaft feeding mechanism comprises: a shaft conveying assembly 31, which passes horizontally below the processing area of the lathe 1; a shaft lifting assembly 32, which is arranged below the shaft conveying assembly 31 and is used to lift the shaft on the shaft conveying assembly 31 to between the main shaft and the tailstock of the lathe 1; the abutment clamping mechanism comprises: a disc The disc-shaped bracket 41 is installed on the main shaft and tailstock of the lathe 1; the thimble 42 is coaxially slidably arranged in the disc-shaped bracket 41 and is used to abut against the end of the shaft; the clamping block 43 is distributed on the disc-shaped bracket 41 along the circumference of the thimble 42, and the clamping block 43 can move radially along the disc-shaped bracket 41; the abutment clamping transmission assembly is arranged in the disc-shaped bracket 41 to transmit the connection between the thimble 42 and the clamping block 43. When the thimble 42 abuts against the end of the shaft and continues to move relative to the disc-shaped bracket 41, the clamping block 43 radially abuts against the circumferential surface of the shaft.

[0031] Below the lathe 1 machining area, a shaft loading mechanism is installed to automatically transport and accurately position the motor shaft. This loading mechanism consists of two main components: a shaft conveying assembly 31, which runs horizontally through the lathe 1 machining area and is used to stably transport the motor shaft in a straight line to the desired position; and a shaft lifting assembly 32, located below the conveying path. Once the motor shaft reaches the desired position, it is activated and lifted from the conveying line to the space between the spindle and tailstock for clamping and positioning.

[0032] A coaxially arranged abutment clamping mechanism is installed on the main shaft and the tailstock to coaxially position the motor shaft and keep it stable. The abutment clamping mechanism includes a disc-shaped bracket 41, an ejector pin 42, a clamping block 43 and a transmission assembly. The ejector pin 42 can slide axially in the disc-shaped bracket 41 and precisely abut against the end face of the motor shaft during the positioning stage. Multiple clamping blocks 43 are evenly distributed around the ejector pin 42 and can move in the radial direction of the disc-shaped bracket 41. When the ejector pin 42 moves axially and continues to apply thrust, the abutment clamping transmission assembly drives the clamping blocks 43 to synchronously move radially closer, ultimately achieving all-round clamping of the motor shaft in the circumferential direction.

[0033] This structure not only ensures the coaxiality and axial positioning accuracy of the motor shaft before and after clamping, but also, due to the radial dynamic response characteristics of clamping block 43, provides an interference-free workspace for subsequent polishing. Combined with the grinding function of polishing mechanism 2, the end face and circumference of the motor shaft can be polished uniformly and continuously, completely avoiding the accuracy inconsistencies and surface residues common in manual operations, greatly improving polishing quality and production efficiency.

[0034] like Figures 4 - 10 As shown, the abutment clamping transmission assembly includes: a rotating ring 441, which is coaxially rotatably arranged in the disc-shaped bracket 41 and is transmission-connected to the ejector pin 42, and the rotating ring 441 is provided with driving grooves 4411 distributed along its circumference, and the driving grooves 4411 extend in a direction deviating from the radial direction of the rotating ring 441; a driving block 442, which is distributed on the disc-shaped bracket 41 along the circumference of the ejector pin 42, and the driving block 442 can move radially along the disc-shaped bracket 41, and the driving block 442 is provided with a driving pin 4421 that slides with the driving groove 4411. When the ejector pin 42 moves relative to the rotating ring 441, the rotating ring 441 rotates.

[0035] The abutment clamping transmission assembly incorporates a linkage structure between a rotating ring 441 and a drive block 442, mechanically coupling the axial movement of the ejector pin 42 with the radial motion of the clamping block 43. This allows for synchronized clamping during motor shaft positioning. Specifically, the rotating ring 441 is coaxially mounted within the disc-shaped bracket 41, providing transmission coordination with the ejector pin 42 during its movement. Several drive slots 4411 are circumferentially arranged on the rotating ring 441.

[0036] Drive blocks 442 are distributed around ejector pins 42 and mounted on disc-shaped bracket 41 to enable radial movement. Each drive block 442 is provided with a drive pin 4421, which slides and engages with a drive slot 4411 on rotating ring 441. When ejector pins 442 generate axial movement, due to their transmission connection with rotating ring 441, they drive rotating ring 441 to rotate about its own axis. As rotating ring 441 rotates, the oblique structure of drive slot 4411 causes drive pin 4421 to slide within the slot. This in turn pushes drive block 442 radially toward the motor shaft, achieving a clamping action.

[0037] This mechanical design offers the advantages of compact structure and coordinated operation. Because the transmission between ejector pin 42 and rotating ring 441 is rigidly linked, the clamping block 43 simultaneously completes radial retraction while ejector pin 42 positions the motor shaft end, achieving coaxial clamping of the motor shaft. The clamping process requires no additional control or drive input, reducing control system complexity and improving operational reliability and responsiveness.

[0038] like Figures 4 - 10 As shown, the abutment clamping transmission assembly also includes: a rotating tube 443, which is rotatably arranged in the disc-shaped bracket 41, and the rotating tube 443 is provided with an arc groove 4431 distributed along its circumference, and one end of the rotating tube 443 is connected to the rotating ring 441; a sliding tube 444, which is coaxially slidably arranged in the disc-shaped bracket 41, and one end of the sliding tube 444 is connected to the ejector pin 42, and the sliding tube 444 is provided with a guide pin 4441 extending along its radial direction, and the guide pin 4441 is slidably engaged with the arc groove 4431.

[0039] The abutment clamping transmission assembly further includes a rotating tube 443 and a sliding tube 444, effectively converting the axial motion of the ejector pin 42 into the rotational motion of the rotating ring 441, providing the power source for the clamping action. The rotating tube 443 is coaxially mounted within the disc-shaped bracket 41, and its outer surface is provided with circumferentially distributed arcuate grooves 4431 for converting motion between sliding and rotation. One end of the rotating tube 443 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 441, and the two work together as a rotating unit.

[0040] The sliding tube 444 is coaxially and slidably mounted in the disc-shaped bracket 41, with one end connected to the thimble 42, and it can move back and forth as the thimble 42 axially advances. A number of guiding pins 4441 protruding radially are provided on the sliding tube 444, and each guiding pin 4441 is embedded in the arc-shaped groove 4431 of the corresponding rotating tube 443 and is slidably engaged with it. After the thimble 42 abuts against the end of the motor shaft, the disc-shaped bracket 41 continues to move, and the sliding tube 444 moves relative to the rotating tube 443. The arc-shaped groove 4431 rotates under the constraint of the guiding pin 4441. While the rotating tube 443 rotates, the fixedly connected rotating ring 441 also rotates synchronously. Then, the driving pin 4421 is driven through the driving groove 4411 on the rotating ring 441, and the driving blocks 442 distributed in the circumferential direction of the disc-shaped bracket 41 are pushed to move radially inwards, so that the clamping blocks 43 are synchronously clamped in the circumferential direction of the shaft member.

[0041] As Figure 7 shown, an elastic reset element 445 is provided between the thimble 42 and the disc-shaped bracket 41.

[0042] To enable the abutting and clamping transmission assembly to automatically reset after completing the positioning and clamping actions of the motor shaft, an elastic reset element 445 is provided between the thimble 42 and the disc-shaped bracket 41.

[0043] During the positioning and clamping of the motor shaft, the thimble 42 compresses the elastic reset element 445 relative to the disc-shaped bracket 41. The thimble 42 slides relative to the disc-shaped bracket 41, and the arc-shaped groove 4431 of the rotating tube 443 rotates under the action of the guiding pin 4441 on the sliding tube 444, so that the rotating ring 441 rotates, and then the radial tightening action of the clamping block 43 is completed. When the external force is removed or the polishing work is over, the elastic reset element 445 releases the stored energy, and the thimble 42 returns in the opposite direction under the action of the elastic force, driving the sliding tube 444 to reset. The guiding pin 4441 slides reversely along the arc-shaped groove 4431, making the rotating tube 443 and the rotating ring 441 rotate reversely, driving the driving pin 4421 to slide along the driving groove 4411, and the driving block 442 resets radially outwards, finally loosening the clamping block 43.

[0044] As Figure 5 and Figure 9 shown, one end of the disc-shaped bracket 41 facing the thimble 42 is provided with a toggle ring 446 that can move circumferentially along it. The clamping block 43 is elastically connected to the driving block 442. The toggle ring 446 is provided with a sliding groove 4461 that slidably cooperates with the clamping block 43. When the working part of the polishing mechanism 2 abuts against the toggle ring 446, the clamping block 43 moves axially along the shaft member to expose the circumferential surface of the end of the shaft member.

[0045] One end of the disc-shaped bracket 41 facing the thimble 42 is provided with a toggle ring 446 that can move circumferentially along it. The toggle ring 446 is arranged in a ring structure around the shaft member and can move relative to the disc-shaped bracket 41. A plurality of sliding grooves 4461 are provided on its outer wall, and each sliding groove 4461 is in sliding fit with the corresponding clamping block 43 for driving the clamping block 43 to change its axial position relative to the disc-shaped bracket 41.

[0046] The clamping block 43 and the driving block 442 are elastically connected, allowing the clamping block 43 to maintain its initial position when not driven by the axial force of the disc-shaped bracket 41, and at the same time having a certain degree of yielding ability. When the working part of the polishing mechanism 2, such as a grinding wheel or a polishing disc, approaches and abuts against the toggle ring 446 from the outside of the shaft member, a thrust along its axis will be applied to the toggle ring 446, and this thrust drives the toggle ring 446 to undergo an axial displacement on the disc-shaped bracket 41. Since the sliding groove 4461 on the toggle ring 446 is in sliding fit with the clamping block 43, the toggle ring 446 will force all the clamping blocks 43 to slide axially along the disc-shaped bracket 41 accordingly. With the cooperation of the elastic connection of the driving block 442, the clamping block 43 undergoes a certain degree of yielding, causing the clamping block 43 that was originally closely attached to the circumferential direction of the end of the shaft member to yield to one side, exposing the complete circumferential area of the end face of the shaft member.

[0047] As Figure 7 shown, a connecting pin 4422 is provided on the driving block 442. The connecting pin 4422 slidably penetrates through the clamping block 43, and an elastic buffer element 4423 is sleeved on the connecting pin 4422. The elastic buffer element 4423 is located between the clamping block 43 and the driving block 442.

[0048] When the toggle ring 446 is subjected to an axial thrust from the working part (such as a grinding wheel) of the polishing mechanism 2, the toggle ring 446 undergoes an axial displacement along the disc-shaped bracket 41, and then drives the clamping block 43 that is in sliding fit with it to perform a yielding action under the elastic connection of the driving block 442, that is, the clamping block 43 moves axially relative to the shaft member, exposing the circumferential surface of the end of the motor shaft to meet the polishing operation requirements.

[0049] In this process, the clamping block 43 remains relatively connected to the driving block 442 through the sliding connecting pin 4422, and the elastic buffer element 4423 (such as a helical compression spring) sleeved on the connecting pin 4422 is compressed to store elastic energy. When the polishing mechanism 2 is withdrawn and the axial thrust of the toggle ring 446 disappears, the elastic buffer element 4423 immediately releases the stored energy and drives the clamping block 43 to slide back to its original position along the reverse path without the driving block 442 taking the initiative, and re-clings to the end of the shaft member to realize the automatic recovery of the clamping action.

[0050] As Figure 7 shown, a roller 431 is provided at the contact part between the clamping block 43 and the cylindrical surface of the motor shaft.

[0051] When the toggle ring 446 is subjected to the axial thrust of the polishing mechanism 2, the clamping block 43 makes a corresponding yielding movement driven by the driving block 442. At this time, the roller 431 between the clamping block 43 and the end of the shaft part rolls accordingly, so that the separation process no longer occurs in a sliding manner, effectively avoiding surface scratches or clamping errors caused by dry friction. Similarly, when the elastic buffer element 4423 releases to push the clamping block 43 to return to its original position, the roller 431 structure can also ensure that the clamping block 43 smoothly and gently re-comes into contact with the end of the shaft part, reducing the problem of unstable clamping caused by jamming or impact.

[0052] As Figure 3 shown, a thrust bearing 4462 is provided on the outer periphery of the toggle ring 446. The polishing mechanism 2 includes: a polishing bracket 21 provided on the top of the lathe 1; a polishing wheel 22 rotatably provided at the bottom of the polishing bracket 21; a polishing motor 23 provided on the top of the polishing bracket 21 and rotatably connected to the polishing wheel 22; a toggle bracket 24 provided at the bottom of the polishing bracket 21 and on both sides of the polishing wheel 22 for pushing the thrust bearing 4462 to move axially.

[0053] The polishing device further includes a transverse and longitudinal lead screw slide, and the polishing bracket 21 is provided on the transverse and longitudinal lead screw slide for realizing the transverse or longitudinal movement of the polishing bracket 21.

[0054] In order to prevent the rotational force generated when the toggle ring 446 rotates from being transmitted to the toggle clamp, thereby interfering with the stability and accuracy of the clamping action, a thrust bearing 4462 is provided on the outer periphery of the toggle ring 446. The thrust bearing 4462 can effectively isolate the rotational force generated by the axial force applied by the polishing mechanism 2 to the toggle ring 446, and only allows the thrust to be transmitted in the axial direction.

[0055] The polishing bracket 21 is provided on the top of the lathe 1 as the main frame for carrying the polishing functional components. The polishing wheel 22 is rotatably provided at the bottom of the polishing bracket 21 through a bearing device and is the core actuator that directly contacts the shaft part to be processed and realizes surface polishing. The polishing motor 23 is installed on the top of the polishing bracket 21, and the output shaft is rotatably connected to the polishing wheel 22 for providing continuous and stable rotational power to ensure consistent polishing effect.

[0056] At the bottom of the polishing bracket 21, on both sides of the polishing wheel 22, there are toggle brackets 24 for pushing the toggle ring 446 and its supporting thrust bearing 4462 to move axially. When the toggle bracket 24 pushes the toggle ring 446 to feed axially during the polishing process, the thrust bearing 4462 transmits this force to the body of the toggle ring 446, thereby indirectly driving the clamping block 43 to achieve the yielding or resetting action; at the same time, due to the rolling structure of the thrust bearing 4462, even if the toggle ring 446 is subjected to an axial thrust, it will not be restricted by additional rotation itself, thus effectively avoiding transmitting any rotational component force to the clamping assembly.

[0057] As Figure 4 shown, the disc-shaped bracket 41 includes: an inner disc 411 connected to the spindle of the lathe 1, and one end of the rotating tube 443 is rotatably connected to the inner disc 411; an outer disc 412 coaxially arranged with the inner disc 411, and the driving block 442 is slidably arranged on the outer disc 412; connecting columns 413 are circumferentially distributed between the inner disc 411 and the outer disc 412, and both ends of the connecting columns 413 are fixedly connected to the inner disc 411 and the outer disc 412 respectively.

[0058] The inner disc 411, as the core base of the disc-shaped bracket 41, is connected to the spindle of the lathe 1 through a mechanical connection method and rotates synchronously with the spindle to ensure that the clamping mechanism and the shaft part maintain the same rotational state. One end of the rotating tube 443 is rotatably connected to the inner disc 411, allowing a flexible linkage with the external driving structure without affecting the rotation of the spindle, providing the necessary rotational freedom for the clamping and yielding actions.

[0059] The outer disc 412 is arranged outside the inner disc 411 and maintains a coaxial relative relationship with the inner disc 411. It is provided with a chute structure for guiding. The driving block 442 is slidably mounted on the outer disc 412 and can move along the set radial or circumferential trajectory. This layout not only ensures the controllability of the movement path of the driving block 442 but also enables the clamping block 43 to accurately respond to the force of the polishing mechanism 2 for yielding and resetting.

[0060] The connecting columns 413 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the disc-shaped bracket 41, connecting the corresponding positions of the inner disc 411 and the outer disc 412 to form a stable spatial support framework. Both ends of each connecting column 413 are rigidly and fixedly connected to the inner disc 411 and the outer disc 412 respectively, ensuring that the two discs maintain the same spacing while rotating synchronously from the structure, without axial displacement or skew. The setting of the connecting columns 413 not only enhances the mechanical strength of the entire disc-shaped bracket 41 but also provides the guiding support path required for the movement of the clamping block 43, providing a structural guarantee for the high precision and high repeatability of the clamping action.

[0061] As Figure 2As shown, the shaft part conveying assembly 31 includes two roller chains 311 arranged in parallel below the machining area of the lathe 1, and V-shaped mouth pallets 312 are arranged at equal intervals on the roller chains 311; The shaft part lifting assembly 32 includes a sliding table cylinder 321 arranged below the two roller chains 311. A V-shaped mouth support 322 is arranged at the working end of the sliding table cylinder 321. When the sliding table cylinder 321 works, the V-shaped mouth support 322 lifts upward the shaft part horizontally placed on the V-shaped mouth pallet 312.

[0062] The motor shaft moves to the designated position along with the roller chain 311; the sliding table cylinder 321 acts, and the V-shaped mouth support 322 rises to lift the selected motor shaft from the conveying track; after the lifting is completed, the abutting and clamping mechanism intervenes to achieve precise clamping of the motor shaft and preparation for machining; after the machining is completed, the sliding table cylinder 321 descends, and the shaft part can be placed back on the conveying chain again for the next process.

[0063] The above embodiments only represent one or several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic polishing and grinding equipment for motor shafts, including a lathe, characterized in that, The lathe has a polishing mechanism, a shaft feeding mechanism and an abutment clamping mechanism. The shaft feeding mechanism comprises: A shaft conveying assembly passes horizontally under the machining area of the lathe; A shaft lifting assembly is provided below the shaft conveying assembly and is used to lift the shaft on the shaft conveying assembly to between the main shaft and the tailstock of the lathe; The abutment clamping mechanism comprises: A disc-shaped bracket that mounts to the spindle and tailstock of a lathe; an ejector pin coaxially and slidably disposed in the disc-shaped bracket and configured to abut against the end of the shaft; The clamping blocks are distributed on the disc-shaped bracket along the circumference of the ejector pin, and the clamping blocks can move along the radial direction of the disc-shaped bracket; The abutment clamping transmission assembly is arranged in the disc-shaped bracket to transmit and connect the ejector pin and the clamping block. When the ejector pin abuts against the end of the shaft and continues to move relative to the disc-shaped bracket, the clamping block abuts against the circumferential surface of the shaft in the radial direction.

2. The automatic polishing and grinding equipment for a motor shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutment clamping transmission assembly also includes: A rotating ring is coaxially rotatably disposed in the disc-shaped bracket and is drivingly connected to the ejector pin. The rotating ring is provided with drive grooves distributed along its circumference, and the drive grooves extend in a direction deviating from the radial direction of the rotating ring. The driving block is distributed on the disc-shaped bracket along the circumference of the ejector pin. The driving block can move radially along the disc-shaped bracket. The driving block is provided with a driving pin that slides with the driving groove. When the ejector pin moves relative to the rotating ring, the rotating ring rotates.

3. The automatic polishing and grinding equipment for a motor shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that, The abutment clamping transmission assembly also includes: A rotating tube is rotatably disposed in the disc-shaped bracket, the rotating tube is provided with arc-shaped grooves distributed along its circumference, and one end of the rotating tube is connected to the rotating ring; The sliding tube is coaxially slidably arranged in the disc-shaped bracket, one end of the sliding tube is connected with the ejector pin, and the sliding tube is provided with a guide pin extending along its radial direction, and the guide pin is slidably matched with the arc groove.

4. An automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, An elastic reset element is provided between the ejector pin and the disc-shaped bracket.

5. An automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, A toggle ring that can move along its circumference is provided at one end of the disc-shaped bracket facing the ejector pin. The clamping block and the driving block are elastically connected. The toggle ring is provided with a sliding groove that slides with the clamping block. When the working part of the polishing mechanism abuts the toggle ring, the clamping block moves along the axial direction of the shaft to expose the end circumferential surface of the shaft.

6. The automatic polishing and grinding equipment for a motor shaft according to claim 5, wherein A connecting pin is provided on the driving block, and the connecting pin slides through the clamping block. An elastic buffer element is sleeved on the connecting pin, and the elastic buffer element is located between the clamping block and the driving block.

7. An automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that, A roller is provided at the contact portion between the clamping block and the cylindrical surface of the motor shaft.

8. An automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the toggle ring is provided with a thrust bearing, and the polishing mechanism includes: a polishing stand, set on top of the lathe; a polishing wheel rotatably disposed on the bottom of the polishing bracket; A polishing motor is arranged on the top of the polishing bracket and is rotatably connected to the polishing wheel; The toggle frame is arranged at the bottom of the polishing bracket and located on both sides of the polishing wheel, and is used to push the thrust bearing to move axially.

9. An automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The disc holder includes: An inner plate is connected to the main shaft of the lathe, and one end of the rotating tube is rotatably connected to the inner plate; an outer disk, coaxially disposed with the inner disk, and a driving block slidably disposed on the outer disk; The connecting column is distributed between the inner disk and the outer disk along the circumferential direction, and the two ends of the connecting column are fixedly connected to the inner disk and the outer disk respectively.

10. An automatic polishing and grinding device for a motor shaft according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The shaft conveying assembly includes two roller chains arranged in parallel below the processing area of the lathe, and V-shaped support plates are arranged on the roller chains at equal intervals; Shaft component jacking assembly, including a sliding table cylinder arranged below two roller chains, with a V-shaped mouth support seat provided at the working end of the sliding table cylinder. When the sliding table cylinder works, the V-shaped mouth support seat jacks up the shaft component horizontally placed on the V-shaped mouth support plate.

Images