Energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium and application thereof as heat pump working medium

Abstract

The application relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium and application of the mixed working medium as a heat pump working medium, and belongs to the technical field of refrigerants. The mixed working medium is a ternary mixed working medium composed of three components of acetone, pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a); and the mass percentage concentration of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: the mass percentage of acetone is 37% to 64%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) is 0.5% to 62.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) is 0.5% to 59.5%. The ternary mixed working medium obtained by controlling the detailed components constituting the working medium and the mass percentage of each component can especially obtain a heating temperature of 170 DEG C and above, and can be applied as a superhigh-temperature (temperature of 170 DEG C and above) heat pump working medium.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and more particularly relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium and application thereof as a heat pump working medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] The heating process is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, and reducing carbon dioxide emissions in the heating industry has become an inevitable trend. China's heating is mainly achieved through coal-fired boilers, but coal-fired boilers are one of the main sources of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions in China. In order to reduce carbon emissions in the heating process, using high-temperature heat pumps to replace traditional coal-fired boilers is a very effective measure. The use of high-temperature heat pumps not only recovers waste heat in industrial processes and improves energy efficiency, but also reduces the use of fossil fuels, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions.

[0003] A key aspect of the development of high-temperature heat pumps is the selection of working media. The research on heat pump working media with heating temperatures below 120℃ is relatively mature, but the research on working media with heating temperatures above 150℃, especially above 170℃, is relatively less. The heat demand of high-temperature drying, dyeing, various chemical processes and other places that use high-temperature heat pumps for heating may be higher than 150℃, so the research on heat pump working media with heating temperatures above 150℃ is crucial for the development and promotion of heat pumps. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an energy-saving and environment-friendly working medium for high-temperature heat pumps, wherein by controlling the detailed components and the mass percentage of each component of the working medium, a ternary mixed working medium is obtained, which can especially produce heating temperatures of 170℃ and above, and can be used as a high-temperature (temperature above 170℃) heat pump working medium. The heat pump using the ternary mixed working medium as the working medium can replace the coal-fired boiler that burns fossil energy to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Moreover, compared with the coal-fired boiler that burns fossil energy, the efficiency of the heat pump itself is greater than 1, so it has the characteristics of energy saving.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, an energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium is provided, which is a ternary mixed working medium composed of three components of acetone, pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a); and the mass percentage concentration of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: the mass percentage of acetone is 37% to 64%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) is 0.5% to 62.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) is 0.5% to 59.5%.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the mass percentage concentrations of the components in the mixed working medium are as follows: the mass percentage of acetone is 48% to 64%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) is 26% to 43%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) is 0.5% to 26%.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the mass percentage concentrations of the components in the mixed working medium are as follows: the mass percentage of acetone is 56%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) is 43.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) is 0.5%.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present application, the present application provides an application of the above-mentioned energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium as a heat pump working medium.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the heating temperature of the heat pump working medium can reach 170°C or above.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present application, the present application provides a heat pump, the working medium of which is the above-mentioned energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the heat pump can produce steam with a temperature of 170°C or above.

[0012] According to the above technical scheme of the present application, compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects can be achieved by using a specific proportion of acetone, pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a) to construct a ternary mixed working medium of acetone / R601 / R601a (wherein the mass percentage of acetone in the mixed working medium is 37% to 64%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) in the mixed working medium is 0.5% to 62.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) in the mixed working medium is 0.5% to 59.5%):

[0013] (1) The heating temperature can reach 170°C or above, and can replace coal-fired boilers that burn fossil energy. The specific heating temperature of the ternary mixed system of acetone / R601 / R601a is influenced by the combined effects of the proportions of the components. By controlling the mass percentage of acetone in the overall system to be 37% to 64%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) in the overall system to be 0.5% to 62.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) in the overall system to be 0.5% to 59.5%, the specific heating temperature of the overall ternary mixed system can reach 170°C or above, and can be as high as 190°C.

[0014] (2) Temperature rise is large, and the whole heat pump system is still in positive pressure state when the evaporation temperature is as low as 30℃, which not only can make full use of air energy in nature, but also avoids the leakage of outside air into the system.

[0015] (3) The glide temperature is less than 12℃ when the bubble point temperature is 40℃, which is consistent with the superheat degree of general refrigeration heat pump system, so that the system has no special requirements for superheat degree.

[0016] (4) The condensing pressure is less than 2.8MPa when the heating temperature (condensing temperature) is 170℃, so that the system has no special requirements for pressure bearing capacity (because the pressure of the current refrigeration heat pump system is generally below 3.0MPa; if it is higher than 3.0MPa, it needs to be redesigned to meet the pressure bearing capacity, and the cost will be greatly increased).

[0017] (5) The heating coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.4012 under the conditions of evaporation temperature of 40℃ and condensing temperature of 170℃; the pressure ratio is controlled in 17-20, and the two-stage compression heat pump can be realized.

[0018] (6) The ODP value is zero, and the GWP value is less than 5, which can be ignored, so it has significant environmental protection advantages.

[0019] In addition, based on the present application, when preparing the target ternary mixed working medium, the three component substances of acetone, pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a) can be physically mixed at room temperature according to the mass ratio of the target.

[0020] In summary, the present application uses acetone, pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a) with specific proportions to construct the acetone / R601 / R601a ternary mixed working medium, the heating temperature can reach 170℃ or above, the condensing pressure is less than 2.8MPa, the ODP value and the GWP value can be ignored, and it can be especially applied in the high-temperature heat pump field to directly replace the coal-fired boiler burning fossil energy to greatly reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, thereby having more excellent environmental protection performance. Of course, the ternary mixed working medium in the present application is also applicable to the case where the heating temperature is less than 170℃. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] The components used in the embodiment of the present application are acetone, R601 and R601a, which are commonly used in the field of refrigeration and low-temperature technology. In the mixed working medium obtained by the present application, the sum of the mass percentage concentrations of the components is 100%, wherein the mass percentage of acetone is 37% to 64%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) is 0.5% to 62.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) is 0.5% to 59.5%.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] Take acetone, R601 and R601a as working media, and take 37% of acetone, 62.5% of R601 and 0.5% of R601a by mass percentage in a liquid phase state to perform sufficient physical mixing, thereby obtaining a zeotropic mixed working medium.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] Take acetone, R601 and R601a as working media, and take 40% of acetone, 0.5% of R601 and 59.5% of R601a by mass percentage in a liquid phase state to perform sufficient physical mixing, thereby obtaining a zeotropic mixed working medium.

[0027] Example 3

[0028] Take acetone, R601 and R601a as working media, and take 42% of acetone, 29% of R601 and 29% of R601a by mass percentage in a liquid phase state to perform sufficient physical mixing, thereby obtaining a zeotropic mixed working medium.

[0029] Example 4

[0030] Take acetone, R601 and R601a as working media, and take 48% of acetone, 0.5% of R601 and 51.5% of R601a by mass percentage in a liquid phase state to perform sufficient physical mixing, thereby obtaining a zeotropic mixed working medium.

[0031] Example 5

[0032] Take acetone, R601 and R601a as working media, and take 48% of acetone, 26% of R601 and 26% of R601a by mass percentage in a liquid phase state to perform sufficient physical mixing, thereby obtaining a zeotropic mixed working medium.

[0033] Example 6

[0034] Take acetone, R601 and R601a as working media, and take 56% of acetone, 43.5% of R601 and 0.5% of R601a by mass percentage in a liquid phase state to perform sufficient physical mixing, thereby obtaining a zeotropic mixed working medium.

[0035] Example 7

[0036] The non-azeotropic mixed working medium is obtained by taking acetone, R601 and R601a as the working medium, and taking 64% of acetone, 35.5% of R601 and 0.5% of R601a by mass percentage to be fully physically mixed in a liquid phase state.

[0037] The basic physical properties of the three components of acetone, pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a) used in the above examples are shown in Table 1:

[0038] Table 1 Physical property parameters of acetone, R601 and R601a

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] The mixed working medium obtained for each embodiment is:

[0042] The working conditions are calculated as follows: the evaporation temperature is 40℃, the condensation temperature is 170℃, the supercooling degree is 5℃, and the superheating degree is 5℃. In the theoretical cycle calculation process, the compression process is isentropic compression.

[0043] The theoretical cycle calculation mainly compares the key parameters such as pressure ratio, unit volume heating capacity, heating coefficient, boiling point (bubble point) temperature, dew point temperature, glide temperature and critical temperature. The comparison parameter results are shown in Table 2:

[0044] Table 2 Theoretical cycle calculation parameters of high-temperature heat pump working conditions

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] It can be seen that:

[0048] 1. The pressure ratio is the ratio of the condensation pressure to the evaporation pressure. The evaporation pressure is taken as the saturated liquid pressure at 40℃, and the condensation pressure is taken as the saturated liquid pressure at 170℃.

[0049] 2. With the increase of the mass percentage of acetone, the unit volume heating capacity and COP of the mixed working medium also increase, but when the mass percentage of acetone is 64% to 83%, the glide temperature of the mixed working medium at the bubble point temperature of 40℃ is greater than 12℃; when the mass percentage of acetone is 83% to 100%, the bubble point temperature of the mixed working medium is greater than 40℃, and higher temperature waste heat is required to provide the required heat in the evaporator to avoid negative pressure in the system.

[0050] The results show that:

[0051] 1. The critical temperature of all examples is higher than 185℃, the highest is 208℃, so the heating temperature can reach above 170℃;

[0052] 2. The superhigh temperature lift above 130℃ can be realized, the whole heat pump system is still in positive pressure state when the evaporation temperature is as low as about 30℃, so the outside air entering the system when leakage occurs is avoided;

[0053] 3. The glide temperature is less than 12℃ when the bubble point temperature is 40℃, which is consistent with the superheat degree of general refrigeration heat pump system, so the system has no special requirement on the superheat degree;

[0054] 4. The condensing pressure is lower than 2.8Mpa when the heating temperature is 170℃, so the system has no special requirement on the pressure bearing capacity;

[0055] 5. The heating coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.4012, the highest can reach 1.9602, the pressure ratio is 17-20, so the two-stage compression heat pump can be realized under the condition of the evaporation temperature being 40℃ and the condensing pressure being 170℃;

[0056] 6. The ODP value is zero, the GWP value is less than 5 and can be ignored, so the application has remarkable environmental protection advantage.

[0057] It can be seen that the high-temperature heat pump using the working medium can directly replace the coal-fired boiler burning fossil energy.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will easily understand that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working substance, characterized in that, The mixed working medium is a ternary mixed working medium composed of three components of acetone, pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a); and the mass percentage of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: the mass percentage of acetone is 37% to 64%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) is 0.5% to 62.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) is 0.5% to 59.5%.

2. The energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working substance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentage of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: the mass percentage of acetone is 48% to 64%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) is 26% to 43.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) is 0.5% to 26%.

3. The energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working substance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentage of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: the mass percentage of acetone is 56%, the mass percentage of pentane (R601) is 43.5%, and the mass percentage of isopentane (R601a) is 0.5%.

4. Application of the energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as a heat pump working medium.

5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the compound is ###0002### The heating temperature of the heat pump working medium is 170℃ or above.

6. A heat pump, characterized by The heat pump working medium is the energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. The heat pump as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heat pump can produce steam with a temperature of 170℃ or above.

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