Alloy preparation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of alloy production, and discloses an alloy preparation method which comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a first material and a second material according to a preset preparation ratio to obtain an ignition agent; s2, the reaction materials are put into a smelting furnace, and an ignition agent is flatly laid on a frustum formed by the reaction materials; s3, igniting an ignition agent for smelting; and S4, after the smelting reaction is completed, cooling to obtain an alloy product. According to the scheme, the titanium powder which is nontoxic, harmless and relatively low in price is adopted as an ignition agent material, the ignition operation technology is optimized, operation is easy and convenient, cost is low, efficiency is high, the stability and success rate of the ignition process are improved, production cost and safety risks are effectively reduced, and the method can be widely applied to preparation of high-end vanadium alloy and titanium alloy and has good application prospects. The method has important industrial application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of alloy production, and particularly to a method for preparing an alloy. Background Art

[0002] About 98% of the applications of vanadium products in the current market are concentrated in the steel industry, mainly in the form of ferrovanadium and vanadium-nitrogen alloy. With the continuous expansion of the application fields of vanadium products, as an intermediate alloy of vanadium, vanadium-aluminum alloy is gradually increasing in applications in the aerospace, military, and civilian industries, and has a broad market prospect. In recent years, the production and consumption of titanium alloys in China have shown a geometric progression. According to statistics, the annual output of global titanium alloy processed materials has approached 200,000 tons. With the wide application of titanium alloys in various fields, the market demand for vanadium-aluminum alloy will also increase rapidly.

[0003] The production process of vanadium-aluminum alloy includes processes such as furnace body preparation, batching, smelting, iron smashing, sandblasting, crushing, screening, and finished product packaging. Among them, the smelting process is the core process for preparing vanadium-aluminum alloy. In the alloy smelting process, an ignition agent is usually required to initiate the spontaneous smelting of the reaction materials to complete the preparation of the alloy. The basic process of this process includes: adding smelting raw and auxiliary materials - laying an ignition agent and ignition materials above the reaction materials - ignition - smelting reaction - alloy cooling. At present, the relatively mature vanadium-aluminum alloy smelting ignition agent technology at home and abroad mainly adopts barium peroxide ignition technology, that is, barium peroxide and aluminum powder are mixed in a certain proportion as the ignition agent material, placed in the reaction materials, and the reaction is initiated by igniting the ignition agent to complete the preparation of vanadium-aluminum alloy. However, barium peroxide is a strong oxidizing substance, with toxicity and corrosiveness. It is not only expensive but also has relatively high storage and use risks.

[0004] Therefore, the existing alloy preparation technologies have certain limitations in terms of safety, cost, and environmental protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an alloy. This method uses non-toxic and harmless titanium powder with relatively low price as the ignition agent material, and optimizes the ignition operation technology. It is simple to operate, low in cost, high in efficiency, improves the stability and success rate of the ignition process, and effectively reduces the production cost and safety risk. It can be widely applied to the preparation of high-end vanadium alloys and titanium alloys, and has important industrial application value.

[0006] Based on the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing an alloy, including: S1, mixing a first material and a second material according to a preset mixing ratio to obtain an ignition agent; S2, putting the reaction materials into a smelting furnace, and laying the ignition agent flat on the conical platform formed by the reaction materials; S3, Ignite the ignition agent for smelting; S4, After the smelting reaction is completed, cool to obtain the alloy product.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the first material is aluminum powder with a particle size of -80 mesh and a purity greater than 99.7%.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the second material is titanium powder with a particle size of -200 mesh and a purity greater than 99%.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the preset formulation ratio is a mass ratio, where the first material: the second material = 1:1~3.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the first weight of the first material and the second weight of the second material are: If the weight of the reaction material is greater than or equal to 500 Kg, the first weight is 0.2‰~0.5‰ of the weight of the reaction material, the second weight is 0.2‰~1.5‰ of the weight of the reaction material, and the total weight of the first weight and the second weight is less than 1 Kg; If the weight of the reaction material is less than 500 Kg, the first weight is 0.2‰ of the weight of the reaction material, the second weight is 0.2‰~0.6‰ of the weight of the reaction material, and the total weight of the first weight and the second weight is less than 250 g.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2 includes: spreading the reaction material flat in the smelting furnace, and then gathering the spread reaction material from the periphery to the middle to form a frustum, and spreading the ignition agent flat on the frustum.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the spreading area of the ignition agent is 1 / 10~1 / 20 of the furnace area of the smelting furnace.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3 includes: remotely ignite the ignition agent through the ignition window and close the ignition window after ignition.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3 includes: moving the smelting furnace into the reaction chamber and starting the dust removal system, and then igniting the ignition agent.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the ignition method includes gas ignition.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a method for preparing an alloy, which uses high-purity aluminum powder and titanium powder as components of the ignition agent. The ignition agent is non-toxic, harmless, and relatively inexpensive, ensuring the stability and controllability of combustion. At the same time, by adjusting the mixing ratio and total weight of the two materials, the intensity of the smelting reaction can be controlled, making it suitable for smelting needs of different scales. By optimizing the layout of the reactants in the smelting furnace and rationally controlling the laying area of the ignition agent, ignition is made more uniform and the ignition success rate is improved. This can not only ensure the effectiveness of combustion, but also prevent excessive ignition agent from causing too fast or too fierce combustion, which affects the effect of alloy smelting preparation, thereby improving the quality of the alloy product. The operation is simple, cost-effective, and efficient, and the stability and success rate of the ignition process are improved, while also effectively reducing production costs and safety risks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0018] The terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish between different items, not to describe a particular order. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly specified.

[0019] Furthermore, references herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] The preparation method of the alloy provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: S1, mixing the first material and the second material according to a preset ratio to obtain an ignition agent; S2, placing the reaction materials into the smelting furnace, and spreading the ignition agent on the cone formed by the reaction materials; S3, igniting the ignition agent for smelting; S4, after the smelting reaction is completed, cooling is performed to obtain an alloy product.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ignition agent consists of two main materials, including Al powder (A) with a particle size of -80 mesh and a purity > 99.7%, and Ti powder (B) with a particle size of -200 mesh and a purity > 99%. The two materials are mixed in a ratio of A:B = 1:1 to 3, and the specific ratio and total amount are adjusted according to the properties of the furnace charge, the amount of charge, and the size of the furnace body to control the intensity of the reaction. The use of high-purity aluminum powder and titanium powder makes the ignition agent burn more stably and improves the ignition success rate. By adjusting the ratio of aluminum powder and titanium powder, the intensity of the combustion reaction can be controlled to meet different smelting requirements and ensure safety. The ignition agent is prepared in an appropriate amount to avoid excessive use that may cause too fast combustion or too high temperature, ensuring the controllability of the smelting process. The ignition agent material is non-toxic and harmless, relatively inexpensive, the ignition process is stable, and the success rate is high.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, after the reaction materials are added into the smelting furnace, first use a tool to level the surface of the charge to ensure the uniform distribution of the reaction materials, and then concentrate the furnace charge towards the middle to form a shallow frustum shape to facilitate the laying and combustion of the ignition agent. Among them, leveling the surface of the charge can ensure the uniformity of the ignition agent laying, make the combustion range controllable, and improve the ignition efficiency. Forming a shallow frustum shape can guide the combustion heat to be evenly transferred downward, promote the uniform progress of the smelting reaction, and improve the smelting efficiency and the quality of the finished product. The uniformly mixed ignition agent is evenly and smoothly laid on the frustum, and the laying area is adjusted according to the size of the furnace chamber, usually accounting for 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 of the furnace chamber area. Appropriately control the laying area of the ignition agent to ensure controllable combustion, prevent excessive combustion from causing local overheating or material splashing. Laying the ignition agent evenly improves the ignition success rate, avoids local over-combustion or ignition failure, effectively transfers the combustion heat, makes the entire smelting reaction proceed uniformly, and improves the quality of the smelting product.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, before the ignition operation, the smelting furnace is moved into a sealed reaction chamber to ensure the proper operation of the dust removal system to prevent dust leakage or explosion risks. Operating the reaction chamber in a sealed environment reduces environmental pollution and improves smelting safety. The dust removal system ensures effective dust control, minimizing dust explosion and health risks. During the ignition operation, the ignition agent is ignited remotely through an ignition window, using, for example, ignited gas or other safe ignition methods. Remote ignition effectively reduces the dangers of close-range operation and improves safety. Using a stable combustion source such as gas increases the success rate of ignition and ensures smooth smelting reactions. This avoids unsafe factors associated with traditional ignition methods, such as arc ignition, which can generate sparks and cause unstable reactions within the furnace. After the ignition agent is successfully ignited, the ignition window is immediately closed, ensuring that the smelting process is carried out in a sealed environment to prevent outside oxygen from interfering with the reaction. Closing the ignition window stabilizes the furnace environment, preventing outside air from affecting the smelting reaction and improving the success rate of smelting. This prevents the flame from spilling out of the furnace, reducing safety risks for on-site operators. Maintaining reasonable atmosphere conditions in the smelting chamber helps the smelting reaction proceed smoothly and improves product quality.

[0024] The present invention provides a method for preparing an alloy, which uses high-purity aluminum powder and titanium powder as components of the ignition agent. The ignition agent is non-toxic, harmless, and relatively inexpensive, ensuring the stability and controllability of combustion. At the same time, by adjusting the mixing ratio and total weight of the two materials, the intensity of the smelting reaction can be controlled, making it suitable for smelting needs of different scales. By optimizing the layout of the reactants in the smelting furnace and rationally controlling the laying area of the ignition agent, ignition is made more uniform and the ignition success rate is improved. This can not only ensure the effectiveness of combustion, but also prevent excessive ignition agent from causing too fast or too fierce combustion, which affects the effect of alloy smelting preparation, thereby improving the quality of the alloy product. The operation is simple, cost-effective, and efficient, and the stability and success rate of the ignition process are improved, while also effectively reducing production costs and safety risks.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the first material is aluminum powder with a particle size of -80 mesh and a purity greater than 99.7%.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the second material is titanium powder with a particle size of -200 mesh and a purity greater than 99%.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the preset preparation ratio is a mass ratio, wherein the first material: the second material = 1:1~3.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the first weight of the first material and the second weight of the second material are as follows: If the weight of the reaction material is greater than or equal to 500 Kg, the first weight is 0.2‰ - 0.5‰ of the weight of the reaction material, the second weight is 0.2‰ - 1.5‰ of the weight of the reaction material, and the total weight of the first weight and the second weight is less than 1 Kg; if the weight of the reaction material is less than 500 Kg, the first weight is 0.2‰ of the weight of the reaction material, the second weight is 0.2‰ - 0.6‰ of the weight of the reaction material, and the total weight of the first weight and the second weight is less than 250 g. For example, when the total weight of the reaction material is 1 kg, 0.2 g of the first material and 0.2 - 0.6 g of the second material are respectively required to be mixed to obtain the ignition agent, and at this time, the total weight of the first material and the second material is not more than 250 g.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S2 includes: spreading the reaction material flat in the smelting furnace, and then gathering the spread reaction material from the periphery to the middle to form a frustum of a cone, and spreading the ignition agent flat on the frustum of the cone.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the spreading area of the ignition agent is 1 / 10 - 1 / 20 of the furnace hearth area of the smelting furnace.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes: remotely igniting the ignition agent through the ignition window, and closing the ignition window after ignition.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes: moving the smelting furnace into the reaction chamber and starting the dust removal system, and then igniting the ignition agent.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the ignition method includes ignition by gas.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the alloy of the present application optimizes two parts: the preparation of the ignition agent and the ignition operation. The steps for preparing the ignition agent are as follows: Step 1: The ignition agent material is composed of two substances, Al powder with a particle size of -80 mesh and a purity > 99.7% and Ti powder with a particle size of -200 mesh and a purity > 99%. Step 2: The two materials in step 1 are mixed evenly according to Al powder:Ti powder = 1:1 - 3, and the total weight is about 200 g. Among them, the preparation ratio and total amount are determined according to the properties of the furnace charge, the amount of the charge, and the size of the furnace body to control the severity of the reaction.

[0035] The steps for the ignition operation are as follows: Step 1: Put the reaction material into the smelting furnace, first level the surface of the material, and then gather the furnace charge to the middle, and make a shallow frustum of a cone in the middle. Step 2: Spread the prepared ignition agent evenly on the cone. The area of the ignition agent is determined according to the size of the furnace, generally 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 of the furnace area. Step 3: The smelting furnace is opened into the closed reaction chamber, and the dust removal system is confirmed to be working properly and the smelting preparation is ready; Step 4: Ignite the ignition agent remotely through the ignition window using ignited gas or other means; Step 5: After the ignition agent is ignited, the ignition window is closed to allow the smelting process to proceed safely in the smelting reaction chamber.

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the advantages of the above-mentioned operating steps include: adopting a new ignition agent formula and an optimized ignition operation method, using high-purity aluminum powder and titanium powder as the components of the ignition agent, the ignition agent is non-toxic and harmless, relatively inexpensive, and replaces the traditional barium peroxide ignition technology, with higher safety, environmental protection and economy. By rationally controlling the ratio, laying method and ignition method of the ignition agent, the ignition success rate is improved, which can not only ensure the effectiveness of combustion, but also prevent excessive ignition agent from causing too fast and too fierce combustion, thereby affecting the effect of alloy smelting preparation, improving the quality of alloy products, and effectively improving the stability and controllability of the smelting process, and is suitable for alloy smelting needs of different scales. It is simple to operate, low cost, and high efficiency, effectively reducing production costs and safety risks.

[0037] The present invention is further explained below with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0038] Example 1 (1) Smelting of vanadium-aluminum alloy, total weight of reaction materials 245 kg.

[0039] (2) Take 20 g of Al powder with a particle size of -80 mesh and a purity of 99.75% and 50 g of Ti powder with a particle size of -200 mesh and a purity of 99.5% and mix them evenly to obtain an ignition agent.

[0040] (3) Put the reaction materials into the furnace, use tools to rake the material surface flat, and then concentrate the furnace materials in the middle, making the middle part into a shallow cone shape.

[0041] (4) Spread the prepared ignition agent evenly on the table.

[0042] (5) The smelting furnace is opened into the reaction chamber and the dust removal system is turned on.

[0043] (6) Ignite the ignition agent directly with ignited gas from a distance through the ignition window; (7) The ignition window is closed, the material is ignited smoothly, the smelting process is completed smoothly, and the vanadium-aluminum alloy product is obtained.

[0044] This embodiment is used for smelting 245 Kg of vanadium-aluminum alloy. The ignition agent used is 20 g of Al powder and 50 g of Ti powder. Ignition and smelting are carried out according to the ignition operation steps. The ignition agent prepared in this proportion is suitable for small-scale smelting, with controllable combustion, avoiding the problem of too fast combustion caused by excessive use of the ignition agent. The operation process is optimized to ensure a high ignition success rate and the smooth completion of the smelting process. The use of the dust removal system reduces dust leakage, improving the environmental protection and safety of smelting. It improves the quality of the alloy product, effectively enhancing the stability and controllability of the smelting process. It is easy to operate, low in cost and high in efficiency, effectively reducing production costs and safety risks.

[0045] Example 2 (1)Smelt vanadium-aluminum alloy, with the total weight of the reaction materials being 1002 Kg.

[0046] (2)Take 40 g of Al powder with a particle size of -80 mesh and a purity of 99.75% and 60 g of Ti powder with a particle size of -200 mesh and a purity of 99.5%, and mix them evenly to obtain the ignition agent.

[0047] (3)Put the smelting furnace charge into the furnace, rake the surface of the charge flat with tools, and then slightly gather the charge towards the middle to form a shallow frustum of a cone in the middle.

[0048] (4)Evenly spread the prepared ignition agent on the tabletop.

[0049] (5)Put the smelting furnace into the reaction chamber and turn on the dust removal system.

[0050] (6)Use the ignited gas to directly ignite the ignition agent from a distance through the ignition window.

[0051] (7)Close the ignition window, the material is successfully ignited, and the smelting process is successfully completed to obtain the vanadium-aluminum alloy product.

[0052] This embodiment is used for smelting 1002 Kg of vanadium-aluminum alloy. The usage amount of the ignition agent is correspondingly increased, using 40 g of Al powder and 60 g of Ti powder. Ignition and smelting are carried out according to the ignition operation steps. Appropriately increasing the proportion of the ignition agent makes the ignition in the large-scale smelting process more stable, ensuring the full combustion of the material. Adopting the layout method of the furnace charge in the shape of a shallow frustum of a cone ensures the uniform distribution of combustion heat and improves the smelting effect. The remote ignition technology reduces manual intervention, enhances safety, and makes the smelting process more efficient and controllable. It is easy to operate, low in cost and high in efficiency, effectively reducing production costs and safety risks.

[0053] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed by the present invention. However, it should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments disclosed by the present invention as defined by the claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the method claims according to the disclosed embodiments herein do not need to be performed in any specific order. In addition, although the elements disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention can be described or claimed in individual form, they can also be understood as plural unless explicitly limited to the singular form.

[0054] It should be understood that, as used herein, unless the context clearly supports an exception, the singular form "a" is also intended to include the plural form. It should also be understood that the "and / or" used herein refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0055] The serial numbers of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention above are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0056] Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the embodiments disclosed by the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; under the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features between the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and there are many other variations in different aspects of the embodiments of the present invention as above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an alloy, characterized in that, Including: S1, mixing a first material and a second material according to a preset formulation ratio to obtain an ignition agent; S2, putting the reaction material into a smelting furnace and spreading the ignition agent flat on the conical platform formed by the reaction material; S3, igniting the ignition agent for smelting; S4, after the smelting reaction is completed, cooling to obtain an alloy product.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, the first material is aluminum powder with a particle size of -80 mesh and a purity greater than 99.7%.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the second material is titanium powder with a particle size of -200 mesh and a purity greater than 99%.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, In step S1, the preset formulation ratio is a mass ratio, where the first material: the second material = 1:1 to 3.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the first weight of the first material and the second weight of the second material are: If the weight of the reaction material is greater than or equal to 500 Kg, the first weight is 0.2‰ to 0.5‰ of the weight of the reaction material, the second weight is 0.2‰ to 1.5‰ of the weight of the reaction material, and the total weight of the first weight and the second weight is less than 1 Kg; If the weight of the reaction material is less than 500 Kg, the first weight is 0.2‰ of the weight of the reaction material, the second weight is 0.2‰ to 0.6‰ of the weight of the reaction material, and the total weight of the first weight and the second weight is less than 250 g.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2 includes: spreading the reaction material flat in the smelting furnace, and then gathering the spread reaction material from the outer periphery to the middle to form a conical platform, and spreading the ignition agent flat on the conical platform.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein In step S2, the spreading area of the ignition agent is 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 of the furnace area of the smelting furnace.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein In step S3 includes: remotely igniting the ignition agent through an ignition window and closing the ignition window after ignition.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3 includes: moving the smelting furnace into the reaction chamber and turning on the dust removal system, and then igniting the ignition agent.

10. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the ignition method includes gas ignition.