Spiral shield segment and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a spiral shield segment and a mounting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, the spiral shield segment comprises a segment main body, the segment main body comprises a first end face and a second end face which are oppositely arranged along a tunnel annular splicing direction, and a third end face and a fourth end face which are oppositely arranged along a tunnel axis extension direction; the optical fiber sleeve is pre-embedded in the duct piece main body, and the optical fiber sleeve extends in the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel and penetrates through the duct piece main body; the optical fiber sensor is arranged in the optical fiber sleeve and used for monitoring settlement, deformation and vibration parameters of the duct piece in real time; in the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, the first end faces and the second end faces of the adjacent duct piece bodies can be connected in a matched mode through the first sliding groove mortise and tenon joint structures; in the extending direction of the tunnel axis, the third end faces and the fourth end faces between the adjacent duct piece bodies can be connected in a matched mode through the second sliding groove mortise and tenon joint structures. The system is high in connection reliability, low in maintenance cost and capable of carrying out real-time monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, and in particular to a spiral shield segment and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In shield tunnel construction, shield segments serve as a crucial support structure for tunnels, and their performance directly impacts the safety and stability of tunneling projects. Current shield tunnel segment technology faces numerous challenges in practical applications.

[0003] Currently, monitoring of shield tunnel segments relies primarily on externally mounted vibrating wire sensors or strain gauges. However, the complex construction site environment presents significant challenges for these monitoring devices. The intense vibrations and high humidity generated during construction can severely impact the proper functioning of the equipment, potentially damaging it. Furthermore, these devices can only monitor mechanical parameters at a single point and cannot fully reflect the overall stress and deformation characteristics of the segment. This makes it extremely challenging to accurately assess the segment's operating status and promptly identify potential safety hazards.

[0004] Existing segment joint designs often utilize socket-and-spigot or bolted connections. When the segments undergo axial and circumferential deformation, such as in complex working conditions like uneven ground settlement or curved tunnel sections, these joints are prone to misalignment and cracking, which in turn reduces the overall segment stiffness and durability, significantly threatening the long-term stability of the tunnel structure.

[0005] Furthermore, traditional monitoring systems are loosely integrated with the segment structure. The monitoring system is independent of the segment support structure, and the two fail to form an effective linkage mechanism. In the event of sudden segment deformation, the monitoring system can only provide early warning information, but cannot leverage the segment structure to proactively control or mitigate the hazard. This, to a certain extent, limits the effective prevention and control of tunnel engineering safety risks.

[0006] At the same time, existing monitoring technologies rely primarily on manual data collection, resulting in low monitoring frequencies and difficulty in real-time data updates. Furthermore, data from various monitoring points lacks connectivity, preventing comprehensive monitoring of the segments and surrounding rock mass. This significantly reduces the accuracy of safety assessments and makes it difficult to meet the high-precision, real-time, and comprehensive safety monitoring requirements of modern tunnel projects.

[0007] In summary, the existing shield segment technology has defects such as low joint connection reliability, fragmented monitoring methods, and high system maintenance costs, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of tunnel safety management throughout the entire life cycle under complex geological conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a spiral shield segment with high connection reliability, low maintenance cost and capable of real-time monitoring, as well as a construction method thereof.

[0009] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spiral shield segment, comprising: A segment body, including a first end face and a second end face arranged opposite to each other along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, and a third end face and a fourth end face arranged opposite to each other along the axial extension direction of the tunnel; An optical fiber sleeve, embedded inside the segment body, and the optical fiber sleeve extends along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel and penetrates through the segment body; An optical fiber sensor, arranged inside the optical fiber sleeve, for real-time monitoring of the settlement, deformation and vibration parameters of the segment; Along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, the first end face and the second end face between adjacent segment bodies can be connected in a matching manner through a first chute tenon and mortise structure; Along the axial extension direction of the tunnel, the third end face and the fourth end face between adjacent segment bodies can be connected in a matching manner through a second chute tenon and mortise structure.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based on the foregoing solution, along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, adjacent two segment bodies are connected through an optical fiber connection device to realize the cross-segment connection and transmission of optical fiber signals.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based on the foregoing solution, the optical fiber connection device includes: An optical fiber plug, An optical fiber socket, Wherein, one of the optical fiber plug and the optical fiber socket is arranged on the first end face, and the other is arranged on the second end face, and the optical fiber plug and the optical fiber socket are synchronously coupled during the assembly of the first chute tenon and mortise structure to form a continuous optical fiber monitoring path.

[0013] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based on the foregoing solution, the optical fiber plug includes an elastic guide sleeve with a built-in permanent magnet; The optical fiber socket includes a magnetic ring with a polarity opposite to that of the permanent magnet, for guiding the alignment of the plug and the socket by magnetic attraction during assembly.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based on the foregoing solution, the first chute tenon and mortise structure includes: The first boss; The first groove; Wherein, the first boss and the first groove cooperate with each other, and one of the first boss and the first groove is arranged on the first end face, and the other is arranged on the second end face.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based on the foregoing solution, a sliding tenon lock is provided on the first boss; A sliding tenon lock groove is provided on the first groove; The sliding tenon lock can snap into the sliding tenon lock groove during assembly to achieve self-locking.

[0016] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based on the foregoing solution, the second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure includes: The second boss; The second groove; Wherein, the second boss and the second groove cooperate with each other, and one of the second boss and the second groove is arranged on the third end face, and the other is arranged on the fourth end face; A spiral lock is provided on the second boss; A spiral lock groove is provided on the second groove; Wherein, the spiral lock can snap into the spiral lock groove to achieve self-locking.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based on the foregoing solution, one of the side walls of the second groove and the side walls of the second boss is formed into an outwardly expanding arc-shaped surface, and the other is formed into an inwardly contracting arc-shaped surface. The outwardly expanding arc-shaped surface and the inwardly contracting arc-shaped surface are complementary, and a surface contact with anti-shearing force is formed after the two are assembled together.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for installing spiral shield segments, including: S210: Generate an assembly sequence of the spiral shield segments as described above according to the tunneling parameters of the shield machine, and the assembly sequence matches the alternating splicing order of the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure and the second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure; S220: Transport the spiral shield segments in sequence according to the assembly sequence; S230: When the spiral shield segment reaches the target installation position, perform the installation step.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based on the foregoing solution, in the S230, the installation step includes: Place the spiral shield segment at the target installation position; The spiral shield segment is rotated until its first end face is matched and connected with the second end face of the previous spiral shield segment through a first slide groove and mortise and tenon structure; and the third end face of the spiral shield segment is matched and connected with the fourth end face of the spiral ring segment adjacent to it along the tunnel axis extension direction through a second slide groove and mortise and tenon structure.

[0020] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present invention has at least one of the following advantages and positive effects: 1. The coordinated design of the first chute mortise and tenon structure (circumferential) and the second chute mortise and tenon structure (axial) can replace traditional bolt connections, achieving self-locking rapid assembly, thereby effectively solving the problems of segment misalignment and joint cracking caused by loose bolts. In addition, the design of the first chute mortise and tenon structure and the second chute mortise and tenon structure can effectively resist stress from all directions during tunnel construction and operation, reduce misalignment and displacement between segments, ensure the overall stability of the tunnel lining structure, improve the tunnel's safety performance, and extend its service life.

[0021] 2. The optical fiber sleeve is pre-buried along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, which is consistent with the assembly direction of the first slide groove mortise and tenon structure, so that a spiral continuous monitoring path is automatically formed after the adjacent segments are assembled. This not only solves the defect of separation between the monitoring system and the support structure in the existing technology, but also reduces the frequency of manual inspections while realizing real-time monitoring of the settlement, deformation and vibration parameters of the spiral shield segments. It is convenient for operators and operation and maintenance personnel to obtain the status information of the segments in a timely and accurate manner, so that they can quickly take corresponding measures when abnormalities occur in the segments, such as reinforcement and maintenance, to avoid tunnel safety accidents caused by segment problems and ensure the normal use and operation safety of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a spiral shield segment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a spiral shield segment of the present invention; Figure 3 2. It is a rear perspective structural diagram of an embodiment of a spiral shield segment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of an optical fiber plug in a spiral shield segment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an optical fiber plug in a spiral shield segment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of an optical fiber socket in a spiral shield segment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the installation method of the segment of the screw shield of the present invention.

[0024] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings 1. Segment body; 11. First end face; 12. Second end face; 13. Third end face; 14. Fourth end face; 2. Optical fiber sleeve; 3. Optical fiber sensor; 4. First sliding groove tenon and mortise structure; 41. First boss; 42. First groove; 5. Second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure; 51. Second boss; 52. Second groove; 61. Optical fiber plug; 611. Elastic guide sleeve; 6111. Snap piece; 6112. Spring; 612. Permanent magnet; 613. Slide tenon lock; 62. Optical fiber socket; 621. Magnetic ring; 622. Slide tenon lock groove; 71. Screw lock; 72. Screw lock groove; 8. Grouting hole; 9. Waterproof sealing rubber pad. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Identical reference numerals in the figures denote identical or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted.

[0026] The features, structures, or characteristics described above can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. If possible, the features discussed in the various embodiments are interchangeable. In the above description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present invention can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, materials, etc. can be adopted. In other cases, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present invention.

[0027] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in the present invention to describe the relative relationship of one component of the icon to another component, these terms are used in the present invention only for convenience, for example, according to the directions of the examples described in the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that if the device of the icon is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component described as "lower". Other relative terms, such as "higher", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. also have similar meanings. When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that a structure is integrally formed on another structure, or that a structure is "directly" disposed on another structure, or that a structure is "indirectly" disposed on another structure through another structure.

[0028] In the present invention, the terms "a", "one", "the", "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising", "including" and "having" are used to mean an open inclusion and refer to the presence of additional elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.

[0029] According to one aspect of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 a spiral shield segment is provided, including: a segment body 1, including a first end face 11 and a second end face 12 that are oppositely arranged along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel ring, and a third end face 13 and a fourth end face 14 that are oppositely arranged along the extending direction of the tunnel axis; an optical fiber sleeve 2, embedded inside the segment body 1, and the optical fiber sleeve 2 extends along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel ring and penetrates through the segment body 1; an optical fiber sensor 3, arranged inside the optical fiber sleeve 2, for real-time monitoring of the settlement, deformation and vibration parameters of the segment; along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel ring, the first end face 11 and the second end face 12 between adjacent segment bodies 1 can be connected in a matching manner through a first chute tenon and mortise structure 4; along the extending direction of the tunnel axis, the third end face 13 and the fourth end face 14 between adjacent segment bodies 1 can be connected in a matching manner through a second chute tenon and mortise structure 5.

[0030] In tunnel engineering, the spiral shield segment is the basic unit that makes up the tunnel lining structure, usually a precast reinforced concrete structure, and is used to assemble the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0031] The tunnel circumferential direction refers to the direction around the circumference of the tunnel. It can be imagined that the tunnel is regarded as a cylinder, and the circumferential direction is along the circumference of this cylinder. The extending direction of the tunnel axis is the length direction of the tunnel, which is the direction from one end of the tunnel to the other end.

[0032] Since the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber is close to the speed of light in a vacuum, about 200,000 kilometers per second, which is much faster than the electrical signal. And the low loss and wide bandwidth of the optical fiber allow high-frequency signal transmission, reducing the use of repeaters, thereby reducing latency. Therefore, the present invention provides an optical fiber sensor 3 inside the segment body 1.

[0033] The present invention arranges the optical fiber sensor 3 in the optical fiber sleeve 2 embedded in the segment body 1. On the one hand, it can protect the optical fiber sensor 3 from the influence of the external environment, such as mechanical damage, corrosion, etc.; on the other hand, it can make the optical fiber sensor 3 better combined with the segment body 1, ensuring its stability and reliability during use.

[0034] The optical fiber sleeve 2 extends along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel and penetrates through the segment body 1, enabling continuous laying of optical fibers in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Moreover, since the optical fiber sleeve 2 sleeving the optical fiber sensor 3 penetrates through the segment body 1 along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, the optical fiber sleeve 2 can function in the entire thickness direction of the segment body 1. It can not only establish a channel for optical fiber communication or sensing between the inner and outer surfaces of the screw shield segment, but also facilitate the connection and conduction of optical fibers between different segments during segment installation, ensuring the integrity and continuity of the optical fiber system in the entire tunnel structure.

[0035] In some embodiments, the optical fiber sensor 3 can be a distributed optical fiber sensor 3. In this way, the distributed optical fiber sensor 3 can monitor along the circumferential direction of the tunnel to obtain information at different positions in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. This information can be the settlement parameters, deformation parameters, and vibration parameters of the screw shield segment.

[0036] The settlement parameters reflect the position change of the segment in the vertical direction, which may be related to factors such as uneven settlement of the foundation and the bearing capacity of the structure; the deformation parameters can reflect the shape change of the segment, such as whether there is bending, twisting, etc., which is very important for evaluating the structural integrity and stress state of the segment; the vibration parameters can reflect the dynamic forces acting on the segment, such as vibrations caused by nearby traffic loads, construction vibrations, etc. Excessive vibrations may lead to problems such as loosening of the connection parts of the segment and material fatigue. By monitoring these parameters, the working state of the segment can be comprehensively understood, and potential safety hazards can be discovered in a timely manner.

[0037] In some embodiments, along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, adjacent two segment bodies 1 are connected by an optical fiber connection device to achieve cross-segment connection and transmission of optical fiber signals.

[0038] Due to the presence of the optical fiber connection device, not only can the optical fiber span the gap between segments, ensuring the continuity of signal transmission, but also during installation or maintenance operations, it can avoid interference with other screw shield segments, providing convenience for the construction process and significantly improving work efficiency and operational convenience.

[0039] The present invention does not specifically limit the structure of the optical fiber connection device. For example, in some embodiments, the optical fiber connection device can be an optical fiber fusion splicer (fusing the optical fiber end faces together through high temperature), an optical fiber connector (connecting optical fibers in a plug-and-play manner), etc. Which device to use specifically needs to be determined according to the actual requirements and conditions of the project.

[0040] As a specific embodiment, the optical fiber connection device of the present invention includes: An optical fiber plug 61, An optical fiber socket 62, Wherein, one of the fiber optic plug 61 and the fiber optic socket 62 is disposed on the first end face 11, and the other is disposed on the second end face 12. Moreover, the fiber optic plug 61 and the fiber optic socket 62 are synchronously coupled during the assembly of the first chute tenon and mortise structure 4 to form a continuous fiber optic monitoring path.

[0041] That is to say, when the fiber optic plug 61 is disposed on the first end face 11, the fiber optic socket 62 is disposed on the second end face 12; when the fiber optic socket 62 is disposed on the first end face 11, the fiber optic plug 61 is disposed on the second end face 12. Figure 2 and Figure 3 A reference to one of the implementation manners is given, and those skilled in the art can make specific settings according to actual situations, and the present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0042] Disposing the fiber optic plug 61 and the fiber optic socket 62 on the first end face 11 and the second end face 12 in the circumferential splicing direction respectively, which is consistent with the assembly direction of the first chute tenon and mortise structure 4, can ensure that the physical connection and the optical path coupling are completed synchronously. Binding the fiber optic connector to the joint space of the first chute tenon and mortise structure 4 and using the assembly mechanical force to complete the fiber alignment can avoid the efficiency loss caused by the traditional step-by-step operation (first assembling the segments and then connecting the fibers).

[0043] In some implementation manners, the fiber optic plug 61 may include a ferrule with spiral protrusions, and an angle sensor is disposed inside the ferrule. Correspondingly, the fiber optic socket 62 may include a spiral guiding groove and a waterproof sealing ring. The waterproof sealing ring is disposed at the bottom of the spiral guiding groove, and the spiral guiding groove matches the spiral protrusions. In this way, during the assembly of the spiral shield segments, the ferrule rotates 15° - 30° and slides into the spiral guiding groove, and the angle sensor feeds back a signal indicating that it is in place. At this time, the waterproof sealing ring is compressed and expanded to achieve waterproofing.

[0044] In some other implementation manners, the butt joint surface of the fiber optic plug 61 and the fiber optic socket 62 may be pre-filled with a refractive index matching gel, and the gel is encapsulated in a rupturable capsule. During assembly, the capsule is compressed and ruptured to release the gel. Since the pressure generated during the assembly of the first chute tenon and mortise structure 4 can squeeze the capsule, the gel fills the fiber gap, reduces the optical loss, and simultaneously isolates the corrosion of water and oxygen.

[0045] In some other implementation manners, it is also possible to design that the fiber optic plug 61 includes an elastic guiding sleeve 611 with a permanent magnet 612 disposed inside; The fiber optic socket 62 includes a magnetic ring 621 with a polarity opposite to that of the permanent magnet 612, which is used to guide the alignment of the plug and the socket by magnetic attraction force during assembly.

[0046] In some implementation manners, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the elastic guide sleeve 611 can be designed to include a spring 6112 and a snap piece 6111 disposed around the spring 6112. The structure of the fiber optic socket 62 is referenced Figure 6 as shown. In this way, when the fiber optic plug 61 is inserted into the fiber optic socket 62, the snap piece compresses the spring 6112 under force, causing the elastic guide sleeve 611 to deform itself. After it is inserted into the fiber optic socket 62, it can form a mechanical interlock with the fiber optic socket 62, further improving the connection stability between the fiber optic plug 61 and the fiber optic socket 62.

[0047] The magnetic attraction force not only plays a guiding role during the docking process, but also helps to maintain the tight fit between the plug and the socket after the connection is completed, enhancing the connection stability. Even in an environment with certain vibrations or external force disturbances, it can reduce signal fluctuations caused by loosening and ensure the continuous stability of fiber optic communication. In addition, compared with other methods, the setting of the magnetic attraction force is easier to align during installation, enabling rapid installation.

[0048] The cooperative design of the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 4 (circumferential) and the second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 5 (axial) can replace the traditional bolt connection and achieve self-locking rapid assembly, thus effectively solving the problems of segment misalignment and joint cracking caused by bolt loosening. Moreover, the design of the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 4 and the second sliding groove tenon and mortise can effectively resist stresses from all directions during tunnel construction and operation, reduce the misalignment and displacement between segments, ensure the overall stability of the tunnel lining structure, improve the safety performance of the tunnel, and extend its service life.

[0049] The present invention does not limit the specific content of the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 4 and the second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 5. In some embodiments, the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 4 and the second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 5 may be different. For example, the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 4 may adopt the form of a common straight groove cooperating with a rectangular tenon. This structure performs well under vertical pressure, can provide stable supporting force, and is suitable for connection parts that need to bear large gravity, such as the connection between beams and columns in a building frame. The second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 5 may be designed as a combination of a dovetail groove and a corresponding tenon. The unique shape of the dovetail groove gives it an advantage in resisting horizontal tensile force and shear force, and can effectively prevent the component from displacing under the action of lateral force. It is often used in the connection between drawers and cabinets in furniture making to ensure the stability of the drawer during frequent pushing and pulling. In addition, from the perspective of processing technology, different sliding groove tenon and mortise structures also have differences in complexity and precision requirements. The simple straight groove tenon and mortise structure is relatively easy to process, has low requirements for tools and technology, and can reduce production costs; while special-shaped tenon and mortise structures such as dovetail grooves require more sophisticated processing equipment and higher craftsmanship. Although the production difficulty is high, they can achieve more delicate and firm connection effects. It is precisely due to these structural characteristics and processing technology differences that it is possible to flexibly select different types of the first and second sliding groove tenon and mortise structures 5 according to specific usage scenarios and performance requirements in practical applications, thereby optimizing the mechanical properties and practical value of the overall structure.

[0050] In other embodiments, the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 4 and the second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 5 may have the same structure to simplify the production and manufacturing process and reduce processing costs. When the two structures are the same, unified molds, processing technologies, and assembly methods can be adopted during the production process. This can not only improve production efficiency but also reduce the management complexity and quality control difficulty brought by different structures.

[0051] For example, they can both be dovetail-shaped sliding groove tenon and mortise structures. The dovetail shape design enables the two components to fit tightly when connected, having good tensile and shear resistance. During the installation process, simply insert the component with a dovetail tenon along the dovetail groove to achieve a stable connection, and it is not easy to loosen during long-term use.

[0052] Or, both of them adopt T-shaped sliding groove tenon and mortise structures. The T-shaped structure provides a large contact area, can effectively disperse the force, and enhance the stability of the connection. In practical applications, the cooperation mode of the T-shaped tenon and the T-shaped groove makes the connection between components more reliable and can withstand large external forces.

[0053] In addition, if the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 4 and the second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 5 are the same, it is more convenient for maintenance and replacement of components. Due to the consistent structure, operators do not need to learn different installation and disassembly methods additionally, and can complete relevant operations quickly and accurately, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency of the equipment and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0054] Dovetail or T-shaped structures may be prone to errors during the splicing process, resulting in insufficiently tight connections and affecting the overall performance of the structure. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 4 includes: The first boss 41; The first groove 42; Wherein, the first boss 41 and the first groove 42 cooperate with each other, and one of the first boss 41 and the first groove 42 is arranged on the first end face 11, and the other is arranged on the second end face 12.

[0055] Both the first boss 41 and the first groove 42 have rectangular cross-sections. That is to say, the side wall of the first boss 41 forms a rectangular straight face that expands outwards, and the side wall of the first groove 42 forms a rectangular straight face that contracts inwards. After the two are assembled, a surface contact with anti-shearing force is formed.

[0056] In order to strengthen the connection stability between the first boss 41 and the first groove 42, in the embodiment of the present invention, a sliding tenon lock 613 can also be arranged on the first boss 41, and a sliding tenon lock groove 622 can be arranged on the first groove 42. The sliding tenon lock 613 can snap into the sliding tenon lock groove 622 during assembly to achieve self-locking.

[0057] The sliding tenon lock 613 is a mechanical connection structure that combines chute guidance and tenon and mortise self-locking. Its core lies in the cooperation between the sliding tenon and the lock groove to achieve rapid alignment, self-correction and rigid locking, and can solve the problems of low efficiency and easy loosening of traditional bolt connections or ordinary tenon and mortise structures. Further, the sliding tenon lock 613 can be designed to include a high-strength spring and a lock catch plate. Usually, the lock catch plate is pushed outwards. During splicing, under the action of the shield machine jack, the lock catch plate contracts inwards. After entering the sliding tenon lock groove 622, the snap-on plate automatically pops out and locks, realizing circumferential connection.

[0058] In this way, during the circumferential splicing of the tunnel, the optical fiber plug 61 and the optical fiber socket 62 on the first end face 11 are aligned, and the permanent magnet 612 and the magnetic ring 621 provide preliminary alignment and adsorption force. The sliding tenon lock 613 snaps into the sliding tenon lock groove 622 after being assembled in place, forming a rigid anti-retreat structure, enhancing its anti-pulling force, and thus effectively preventing accidental loosening caused by tunnel settlement or vibration.

[0059] In addition, the second sliding groove tenon and mortise structure 5 includes: The second boss 51; The second groove 52; Among them, the second boss 51 and the second groove 52 cooperate with each other, and one of the second boss 51 and the second groove 52 is arranged on the third end face 13, and the other is arranged on the fourth end face 14.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the side wall of the second boss 51 is formed as an outwardly expanding arc-shaped curved surface, and the side wall of the second groove 52 is formed as an inwardly contracting arc-shaped curved surface. The outwardly expanding arc-shaped curved surface and the inwardly contracting arc-shaped curved surface are complementary, and a surface contact with anti-shearing force is formed after the two are assembled.

[0061] The design of the arc-shaped cross-section may be more adaptable to the complex stress environment of the tunnel than the dovetail or T-shaped structure. Due to the complementary cooperation between the arc-shaped curved surfaces, when forces in different directions are applied, the stress can be distributed more evenly, reducing the stress concentration phenomenon, thereby improving the overall durability and reliability of the structure.

[0062] Similarly, in order to enhance the connection strength in the tunnel axis direction, a spiral lock 71 may be provided on the second boss 51, and a spiral lock groove 72 may be provided on the second groove 52; Among them, the spiral lock 71 can snap into the spiral lock groove 72 to achieve self-locking. The spiral lock 71 can be designed to have the same structure as the sliding tenon lock 613, and the present invention will not elaborate.

[0063] In order to enhance the waterproof performance of the spiral shield segment of the present invention, in some embodiments, referring to Figure 7 as shown, a waterproof sealing rubber pad 9 can also be provided around the spiral shield segment to enhance the waterproof function. And grouting holes are provided at any position of the segment body According to another aspect of the present invention, referring to Figure 5 as shown, a method for installing a spiral shield segment is provided, including: S210: Generate an assembly sequence of the spiral shield segment as described above according to the tunneling parameters of the shield machine, and the assembly sequence matches the alternating splicing sequence of the first chute tenon and mortise structure 4 and the second chute tenon and mortise structure 5; S220: Transport the spiral shield segments in sequence according to the assembly sequence; S230: When the spiral shield segment reaches the target installation position, implement the installation step.

[0064] In S210, an assembly sequence of the spiral shield segment is generated according to the tunneling parameters of the shield machine, and the assembly sequence matches the alternating splicing sequence of the first chute tenon and mortise structure 4 and the second chute tenon and mortise structure 5.

[0065] A shield machine is a large mechanical device used for underground tunnel excavation. It can excavate the soil while assembling segments to form the lining structure of the tunnel.

[0066] The tunneling parameters are a series of data generated during the tunneling process of the shield machine, such as tunneling speed, thrust, torque, grouting pressure, and grouting volume. These parameters reflect the current working state of the shield machine and the characteristics of the surrounding soil, and are crucial for generating a reasonable segment assembly sequence. Because different tunneling parameters may mean different geological conditions or the working conditions of the shield machine, thus affecting the segment assembly method.

[0067] The spiral shield segment is the above-mentioned spiral shield segment, and its structure has been expressed above. The present invention will not repeat it. The spiral shield segments show a spiral arrangement when assembled, which helps to better adapt to the curve of the tunnel and resist the pressure of the surrounding soil.

[0068] By generating the assembly sequence of the spiral shield segments, it can be determined at what time and in what order each segment should be assembled during the tunneling process of the shield machine to ensure the stability of the tunnel structure and the smooth progress of the construction.

[0069] In S220, transport the spiral shield segments in sequence according to the said assembly sequence.

[0070] Transporting according to the assembly sequence can ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the component supply at the construction site. Construction workers can quickly obtain the required components for assembly, reducing the waiting time for components, thus accelerating the assembly speed of the shield machine. For the entire tunnel construction project, this can shorten the construction period, improve construction efficiency, and enable the project to be put into use faster.

[0071] In S230, when the spiral shield segment reaches the target installation position, implement the installation step.

[0072] In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the installation step includes: Place the spiral shield segment at the target installation position; Rotate the spiral shield segment until its first end face 11 is connected to the second end face 12 of the previous spiral shield segment through the first chute mortise and tenon structure 4; and the third end face 13 of the spiral shield segment is connected to the fourth end face 14 of the adjacent spiral ring segment along the tunnel axis extension direction through the second chute mortise and tenon structure 5.

[0073] Rotate the spiral shield segment until its first end face 11 is connected to the second end face 12 of the previous spiral shield segment through the first sliding groove mortise and tenon structure 4. This process defines the installation process of tunnel circumferential splicing. During rotation, by matching the first end face 11 of the current spiral shield segment with the second end face 12 of the previous spiral shield segment, a tight connection between two adjacent spiral shield segments is achieved. The precise control of the rotation action ensures the tight fit of the first sliding groove mortise and tenon structure 4. Compared with other connection methods, such as welding or bolt connection, the connection method through the first sliding groove mortise and tenon structure 4 has better adaptability, can buffer the stress caused by tunnel deformation to a certain extent, and the installation process is relatively simple, without the need for additional connection materials and complex installation tools.

[0074] Correspondingly, during the installation process, the connection between spiral shield segments along the extension direction of the tunnel axis also needs to be considered. Therefore, when rotating the current spiral shield segment, it is also necessary to simultaneously ensure that the third end face 13 of the current spiral shield segment is connected to the fourth end face 14 of the adjacent spiral ring segment through the second sliding groove mortise and tenon structure 5.

[0075] The specific content of the first sliding groove mortise and tenon structure 4 and the second sliding groove mortise and tenon structure 5 has been described in the above content, and will not be elaborated in this invention.

[0076] It should be understood that the present invention does not limit its application to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components proposed in the present invention. The present invention can have other embodiments and can be implemented and executed in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention disclosed and defined herein extends to all alternative combinations of two or more separate features mentioned or apparent in the text and / or drawings. All these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the present invention. The embodiments described in the present invention illustrate the best mode known for implementing the present invention and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A segment for a screw shield, characterized in that, Comprising: A segment main body, including a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, and a third end face and a fourth end face disposed opposite to each other along the extending direction of the tunnel axis; An optical fiber sleeve, embedded inside the segment main body, and the optical fiber sleeve extends along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel and penetrates through the segment main body; An optical fiber sensor, disposed inside the optical fiber sleeve, for real-time monitoring of the settlement, deformation and vibration parameters of the segment; Along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, the first end face and the second end face between adjacent segment main bodies can be connected in a matching manner through a first chute mortise and tenon structure; Along the extending direction of the tunnel axis, the third end face and the fourth end face between adjacent segment main bodies can be connected in a matching manner through a second chute mortise and tenon structure.

2. The segment for a screw shield according to claim 1, wherein Along the circumferential splicing direction of the tunnel, adjacent two segment main bodies are connected through an optical fiber connection device to realize the cross-segment connection and transmission of optical fiber signals.

3. The segment for a screw shield according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optical fiber connection device includes: An optical fiber plug, An optical fiber socket, Wherein, one of the optical fiber plug and the optical fiber socket is disposed on the first end face, and the other is disposed on the second end face, and the optical fiber plug and the optical fiber socket are synchronously coupled during the assembly of the first chute mortise and tenon structure to form a continuous optical fiber monitoring path.

4. The spiral shield segment according to claim 3, wherein The optical fiber plug includes an elastic guiding sleeve with a built-in permanent magnet; The optical fiber socket includes a magnetic ring with a polarity opposite to that of the permanent magnet, for guiding the alignment of the plug and the socket through magnetic attraction during assembly.

5. The segment of the screw shield according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first chute mortise and tenon structure includes: A first boss; A first groove; Wherein, the first boss and the first groove cooperate with each other, and one of the first boss and the first groove is disposed on the first end face, and the other is disposed on the second end face.

6. The spiral shield segment according to claim 5, wherein A sliding tenon lock is disposed on the first boss; A sliding tenon lock groove is disposed on the first groove; The sliding tenon lock can snap into the sliding tenon lock groove during assembly to realize self-locking.

7. The segment for spiral shield according to claim 1, wherein, The second chute mortise and tenon structure includes: A second boss; A second groove; Wherein, the second boss and the second groove cooperate with each other, and one of the second boss and the second groove is disposed on the third end face, and the other is disposed on the fourth end face; A spiral lock is disposed on the second boss; A spiral lock groove is disposed on the second groove; Wherein, the spiral lock can snap into the spiral lock groove to realize self-locking.

8. The segment for a screw shield according to claim 7, characterized in that, One of the side walls of the second groove and the side walls of the second boss forms an outwardly expanding arc-shaped surface, and the other forms an inwardly contracting arc-shaped surface, and the outwardly expanding arc-shaped surface and the inwardly contracting arc-shaped surface are complementary, and a surface contact for resisting shear force is formed after the two are assembled.

9. A method for installing segments of a screw shield, characterized in that, Comprising: S210: Generate an assembly sequence of the spiral shield segment according to any one of claims 1-8 based on the tunneling parameters of the shield machine, and the assembly sequence matches the alternating splicing sequence of the first chute mortise and tenon structure and the second chute mortise and tenon structure; S220: Transport the spiral shield segments in sequence according to the assembly sequence; S230: When the spiral shield segment reaches the target installation position, implement the installation steps.

10. The method for installing the segment of the screw shield according to claim 9, characterized in that The installation steps include: Place the spiral shield segment at the target installation position; Rotate the spiral shield segment until its first end face is connected to the second end face of the previous spiral shield segment through the first chute tenon and mortise structure; and the third end face of the spiral shield segment is connected to the fourth end face of the adjacent spiral ring segment along the tunnel axis extension direction through the second chute tenon and mortise structure.

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