Transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment monitoring, and provides a transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device and method.The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device comprises a vibration conversion module used for converting multi-dimensional vibration of a transformer into displacement in the vertical direction; the vibration monitoring module is arranged below the vibration conversion module, is in rigid connection with the vibration conversion module, and is used for carrying out friction nanometer power generation based on the displacement in the vertical direction and outputting an alternating current voltage signal; and the signal processing module is connected with the vibration monitoring module and is used for acquiring the AC voltage signal and carrying out vibration monitoring based on the AC voltage signal. Mechanical vibration energy is converted into electric energy, self-powered monitoring is achieved, wiring or batteries are not needed, and cost and maintenance difficulty are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of power equipment monitoring, and particularly to a transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device and method based on triboelectric nanogeneration. Background Art

[0002] As a core device in the power system, the mechanical vibration state of a transformer directly reflects potential faults such as internal winding looseness and core deformation. Traditional vibration monitoring technologies mainly rely on sensors, which require external power supply, and have the following defects:

[0003] Strong power supply dependence: The sensors need to be wired or powered by batteries, and are vulnerable to power interruptions and battery life limitations in complex outdoor environments, resulting in monitoring interruptions;

[0004] Complex installation and maintenance: The wiring requirements increase the construction cost, and the sensors are vulnerable to electromagnetic interference in high-voltage environments, resulting in a decrease in signal accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, a transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device and method are proposed, aiming to solve the technical problems of strong power supply dependence and complex installation and maintenance existing in traditional transformer vibration monitoring technologies.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device, which includes:

[0007] A vibration conversion module for converting the multi-dimensional vibration of the transformer into a displacement in the vertical direction;

[0008] A vibration monitoring module is arranged below the vibration conversion module and is rigidly connected to the vibration conversion module, and is used for triboelectric nanogeneration based on the displacement in the vertical direction and outputting an alternating voltage signal;

[0009] A signal processing module is connected to the vibration monitoring module, and is used for collecting the alternating voltage signal and performing vibration monitoring based on the alternating voltage signal.

[0010] Optionally, the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device further includes:

[0011] A vibration amplification module is fixed above the vibration conversion module and is used for amplifying the high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration of the transformer.

[0012] Optionally, the vibration amplification module includes a mass block, and the natural frequency of the mass block matches the target monitoring vibration frequency band of the transformer.

[0013] Optionally, the vibration monitoring module includes:

[0014] Sliding triboelectric nanogenerator, the center of the sliding triboelectric nanogenerator is a dielectric layer cylinder, and interdigitated electrodes are vertically arranged around the dielectric layer cylinder. The interdigitated electrodes and the dielectric layer cylinder can slide relative to each other to generate triboelectric power.

[0015] Optionally, the surface of the dielectric layer cylinder is wrapped with a polytetrafluoroethylene dielectric layer.

[0016] Optionally, the interdigitated electrodes include copper interdigitated electrodes. The electrode spacing of the copper interdigitated electrodes is less than the maximum displacement of the dielectric layer cylinder under vibration, and the electrode length of the copper interdigitated electrodes covers a preset proportion of the effective sliding stroke of the dielectric layer cylinder.

[0017] Optionally, the vibration conversion module includes: a six-degree-of-freedom platform.

[0018] Optionally, the signal processing module is connected to the copper interdigitated electrodes.

[0019] Optionally, the signal processing module performs vibration monitoring based on the AC voltage signal, including:

[0020] Analyzing the peaks and valleys of the AC voltage signal to obtain the real-time vibration frequency and amplitude of the transformer;

[0021] When the vibration frequency and / or the amplitude exceed a preset threshold, a warning signal is sent.

[0022] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for monitoring transformer vibration self-power supply. The method for monitoring transformer vibration self-power supply includes:

[0023] Fixing the transformer vibration self-power supply monitoring device in the vibration-sensitive area of the transformer;

[0024] Converting the multi-dimensional vibration of the transformer into a vertical displacement through the transformer vibration self-power supply monitoring device, thereby generating triboelectric power and outputting an AC voltage signal;

[0025] Performing vibration monitoring based on the AC voltage signal through the transformer vibration self-power supply monitoring device.

[0026] The transformer vibration self-power supply monitoring device and method provided by the present application achieve efficient and accurate monitoring of transformer vibration through innovative designs and advanced technical means. At the same time, it has the ability of self-power supply, does not require an external power source, and reduces the maintenance cost and wiring complexity. The following are the specific technical effects of this technical solution:

[0027] The multi-dimensional vibration of the transformer is converted into vertical displacement through the vibration conversion module. This conversion ensures the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the vibration signal and avoids the multi-directional vibration information that may be missed in traditional monitoring methods. By rigidly connecting the vibration monitoring module and the vibration conversion module, triboelectric nanogeneration can be directly carried out based on the vertical displacement and an AC voltage signal can be output. This self-powered design eliminates the need for an external power source, reduces the wiring cost and maintenance difficulty. The self-powered design enables the device to operate stably in remote areas and high electromagnetic interference environments, improving the applicability and reliability of the device. Through the signal processing module to analyze the AC voltage signal, vibration monitoring of the transformer is realized. Real-time monitoring ensures continuous monitoring of the operating state of the transformer, timely detection of abnormal vibrations, and avoidance of potential equipment failures and downtime losses. Description of the Drawings

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of yet another transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic flowchart of a transformer vibration self-powered monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic signal flow diagram of a transformer vibration self-powered monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0036] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0037] As the core equipment of the power system, the mechanical vibration state of the transformer directly reflects potential faults such as internal winding looseness and core deformation. Traditional vibration monitoring technologies mainly rely on sensors, which need to be powered by an external power supply, and have the following defects:

[0038] Strong power supply dependence: The sensors need to be wired or powered by batteries, and are vulnerable to power interruption and battery life limitation in complex outdoor environments, resulting in monitoring interruption;

[0039] Complex installation and maintenance: The wiring requirements increase the construction cost, and the sensors are vulnerable to electromagnetic interference in high-voltage environments, resulting in a decrease in signal accuracy;

[0040] Insufficient monitoring of high-frequency and low-amplitude vibrations: Traditional sensors have low sensitivity to high-frequency and low-amplitude vibrations (such as >1 kHz, amplitude <1 μm), and it is difficult to capture early fault characteristics.

[0041] To solve at least one of the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device, which has the advantages of self-power supply, high sensitivity, and strong environmental adaptability.

[0042] The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device is installed in the vibration-sensitive area of the transformer (such as near the oil tank shell, core clamp, or cooling device) to directly sense the mechanical vibration of the transformer. Optionally, the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device is fixed on the surface of the transformer through a rigid connection or fixture to ensure that the vibration of the transformer can be effectively transmitted to the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device.

[0043] The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device of the present application can be quickly installed on the transformer shell without modifying the structure of the existing equipment, and has strong adaptability. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device is suitable for on-line monitoring of oil-immersed transformers, dry transformers, and converter transformers in the power system, especially suitable for unattended substations in remote areas and high-electromagnetic-interference environments, providing real-time guarantee for the stable operation of the power system.

[0044] Refer to Figures 1 - 3As shown in the figure, the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device 1 includes: a vibration conversion module 101, a vibration monitoring module 102, and a signal processing module 103. Among them, the vibration conversion module 101 is used to convert the multi-dimensional vibration of the transformer into a displacement in the vertical direction; the vibration monitoring module 102 is arranged below the vibration conversion module and is rigidly connected to the vibration conversion module, and is used to perform triboelectric nanogeneration based on the displacement in the vertical direction and output an AC voltage signal; the signal processing module 103 is connected to the vibration monitoring module, and is used to collect the AC voltage signal and perform vibration monitoring based on the AC voltage signal.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the vibration conversion module 101 includes: a six-degree-of-freedom platform.

[0046] The six-degree-of-freedom platform can be a parallel-type Stewart platform, which includes 6 groups of electric push rods. The platform attitude is adjusted in real time through displacement sensors to ensure that the vibrations in all directions of the transformer (axial, lateral, torsion) are accurately converted into displacements in the vertical direction. The outer shell of the electric push rod is made of aluminum alloy or carbon fiber composite material. A displacement sensor with an accuracy reaching the micron level, such as a laser displacement sensor, is selected to ensure that the vibration conversion error is less than 5%.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the vibration monitoring module 102 includes: a sliding triboelectric nanogenerator. The sliding triboelectric nanogenerator is placed vertically.

[0048] The center of the sliding triboelectric nanogenerator is a dielectric layer cylinder. Interdigitated electrodes are arranged vertically around the dielectric layer cylinder. The interdigitated electrodes and the dielectric layer cylinder can slide relative to each other to perform triboelectric nanogeneration. Specifically, when implementing, a suitable cylinder material, such as metal or plastic, is selected, and a dielectric layer is wrapped on the surface of the cylinder material to obtain a dielectric layer cylinder. The upper part of the dielectric layer cylinder of the vibration monitoring module 102 is rigidly connected to the six-degree-of-freedom platform to ensure effective transmission of vibrations.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the surface of the dielectric layer cylinder is wrapped with a polytetrafluoroethylene dielectric layer. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has good insulation performance and friction characteristics. The surface of the PTFE dielectric layer is wrapped with a nanowire array, which can further increase the triboelectric charge density. The thickness of the PTFE dielectric layer is controlled within 100 - 200 μm to balance the triboelectric charge density and mechanical strength.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the interdigitated electrodes include copper interdigitated electrodes. The copper interdigitated electrodes can be arranged vertically on the outside of the dielectric layer cylinder. The electrode spacing and electrode length of the copper interdigitated electrodes are designed according to actual needs to ensure that enough voltage signals can be generated.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the electrode spacing of the copper interdigital electrodes is less than the maximum displacement of the dielectric layer cylinder under vibration (such as 0.1 - 1 mm), to avoid charge neutralization during the sliding process.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, the electrode length of the copper interdigital electrodes covers a preset proportion of the effective sliding stroke of the dielectric layer cylinder. The preset proportion can be 80% - 95%, to ensure continuous charge generation during the sliding process.

[0053] In an alternative embodiment, the signal processing module is connected to the copper interdigital electrodes of the vibration monitoring module.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, the signal processing module performs vibration monitoring based on the AC voltage signal, including:

[0055] Analyzing the peaks and valleys of the AC voltage signal to obtain the real-time vibration frequency and amplitude of the transformer;

[0056] When the vibration frequency and / or the amplitude exceeds a preset threshold, sending a warning signal.

[0057] During specific implementation, by analyzing the peaks and valleys of the AC voltage graph, the real-time vibration frequency and amplitude of the transformer can be obtained. The number of peaks and valleys corresponds to the vibration frequency, while the height of the peaks and valleys corresponds to the vibration amplitude.

[0058] The vibration frequency can be determined by calculating the number of peaks or valleys within a unit time. For example, if 10 peaks appear within 1 second, the vibration frequency is 10 Hz.

[0059] The vibration amplitude can be determined by measuring the voltage difference between the peak and the valley. The larger the voltage difference, the larger the vibration amplitude.

[0060] According to the vibration frequency and amplitude of the transformer under normal operating conditions, a normal range is set. For example, the normal vibration frequency can be between 50 Hz and 60 Hz, and the amplitude is between 0.1 V and 0.5 V.

[0061] During the monitoring process, the collected vibration frequency and amplitude are compared with the set normal range in real time. If the vibration frequency or amplitude exceeds the normal range, a warning signal is issued.

[0062] The warning signal can be sent to the maintenance personnel through an audible and visual alarm, text message notification, email, etc., to prompt the maintenance personnel to check the operating status of the transformer in a timely manner.

[0063] Assume that under normal operating conditions, the vibration frequency of the transformer is 55 Hz and the amplitude is 0.3 V. During the monitoring process, if the number of voltage signal peaks displayed on the oscilloscope increases to 60 per second, or the voltage difference between the peaks and valleys increases to 0.6 V, the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device will determine that the vibration frequency or amplitude exceeds the normal range and issue a warning signal.

[0064] The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device 1 further includes:

[0065] A vibration amplification module 104, fixed above the vibration conversion module, for amplifying the high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration of the transformer.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the vibration amplification module includes a mass block. The mass and shape of the mass block are selected according to the vibration characteristics of the transformer.

[0067] The natural frequency of the mass block matches the target monitoring vibration frequency band of the transformer, so as to amplify the vibration signal through resonance. The natural frequency is the frequency at which an object vibrates freely and is determined by the mass (m) and stiffness (k) of the object.

[0068] The mass of the mass block satisfies the relationship:

[0069]

[0070] where F is the minimum detectable force, A min is the minimum amplitude that can be detected, and f is the target monitoring vibration frequency. The inertia of the mass block will cause an amplitude A min to be generated under a given force F. So according to Newton's second law F = ma. And the relationship between the amplitude A and the acceleration a can be derived from the formula A = F / (m*(2πf) 2 ) in vibration theory, then m = F / (A*(2πf) 2 ). To ensure that the mass block can detect the minimum force F and generate a sufficient amplitude A min , the mass needs to satisfy m ≥ F / (A min *(2πf) 2 ). In this way, when the mass satisfies this inequality, the minimum vibration at this frequency can be detected.

[0071] The principle of the mass block amplifying high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration: Based on the inertia effect and resonance enhancement. Inertia effect: The inertia of the mass block will respond to high-frequency vibration, accumulate and release the tiny vibration energy as a larger displacement (amplitude amplification), similar to the response of the mass block to vibration in a "spring-mass system". Resonance enhancement: If the natural frequency of the mass block is close to the transformer vibration frequency, the amplitude will be significantly amplified through the resonance phenomenon (such as the tuning fork resonance principle), thereby improving the detection sensitivity to high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration.

[0072] In this application, a six - degree - of - freedom platform (vibration translation), a dielectric layer cylinder (energy conversion), and a copper interdigital electrode (signal output) work together to convert mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy, realizing self - powered monitoring. Through mechanical - electrical coupling design, this application solves the pain point of traditional sensors relying on external power sources.

[0073] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic flowchart of the transformer vibration self - powered monitoring method provided by an embodiment of this application. The transformer vibration self - powered monitoring method includes the following steps.

[0074] S41, Fix the transformer vibration self - powered monitoring device on the vibration - sensitive area of the transformer.

[0075] The transformer vibration self - powered monitoring device is installed in the vibration - sensitive area of the transformer (such as near the oil tank shell, core clamp, or cooling device) to directly sense the mechanical vibration of the transformer.

[0076] Optionally, the transformer vibration self - powered monitoring device is fixed on the surface of the transformer through a rigid connection or a fixture to ensure that the vibration energy of the transformer can be effectively transmitted to the transformer vibration self - powered monitoring device.

[0077] S42, Convert the multi - dimensional vibration of the transformer into a vertical - direction displacement through the transformer vibration self - powered monitoring device, thereby performing triboelectric nanogeneration and outputting an AC voltage signal.

[0078] Combined with Figure 5 As shown, it is described in detail how the transformer vibration self - powered monitoring device converts the multi - dimensional vibration of the transformer into a vertical - direction displacement, thereby performing triboelectric nanogeneration and outputting an AC voltage signal.

[0079] After the transformer generates vibration, the vibration is conducted to the mass block. The high - frequency and low - amplitude vibration is amplified by the mass block. The six - degree - of - freedom platform converts the multi - dimensional vibration of the transformer into a vertical - direction rotation (displacement). The vibration is further conducted to the dielectric layer cylinder. The dielectric layer cylinder and the copper interdigital electrode slide relative to each other, so that the triboelectric nanogenerator generates an AC voltage signal.

[0080] It includes a vibration monitoring main module, a six-degree-of-freedom platform, and a mass block. The vibration monitoring main module has a sliding triboelectric nanogenerator placed vertically, with a cylinder wrapped with a dielectric layer at the center and vertically arranged copper interdigitated electrodes on the outside. Relative movement between the two generates alternating current. The upper part of the cylinder is rigidly connected to the six-degree-of-freedom platform, and a mass block is arranged above the six-degree-of-freedom platform. The mass block amplifies the high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration of the transformer, and the six-degree-of-freedom platform converts the vibration in each direction of the transformer into vertical direction and conducts it to the cylinder, causing relative sliding between it and the copper interdigitated electrodes to generate an alternating voltage signal, and realizing all-weather real-time self-powered monitoring of the vibration state of the transformer by monitoring the amplitude and frequency of the voltage signal.

[0081] S33, perform vibration monitoring based on the alternating voltage signal by the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device.

[0082] Continuously monitor the alternating voltage signal, analyze the amplitude and frequency of the alternating voltage signal, judge the vibration state of the transformer based on the amplitude and frequency, and issue a fault warning when it is judged as abnormal vibration.

[0083] By analyzing the peaks and valleys of the alternating voltage graph, the real-time vibration frequency and amplitude of the transformer can be obtained. The number of peaks and valleys corresponds to the vibration frequency, while the height of the peaks and valleys corresponds to the vibration amplitude.

[0084] The vibration frequency can be determined by calculating the number of peaks or valleys within a unit time. For example, if 10 peaks appear within 1 second, the vibration frequency is 10 Hz.

[0085] The vibration amplitude can be determined by measuring the voltage difference between the peak and the valley. The larger the voltage difference, the larger the vibration amplitude.

[0086] According to the vibration frequency and amplitude of the transformer under normal operating conditions, set a normal range. For example, the normal vibration frequency can be between 50 Hz and 60 Hz, and the amplitude is between 0.1 V and 0.5 V.

[0087] During the monitoring process, compare the collected vibration frequency and amplitude with the set normal range in real time. If the vibration frequency or amplitude exceeds the normal range, an early warning signal is issued.

[0088] The early warning signal can be sent to the maintenance personnel by means of an audible and visual alarm, text message notification, email, etc., to prompt the maintenance personnel to check the operating state of the transformer in time.

[0089] The core of this application lies in combining the triboelectric nanogenerator technology (TENG) with vibration amplification and multi-directional vibration conversion mechanisms, and specifically includes the following technical effects:

[0090] Self-powered vibration monitoring module: It uses a sliding triboelectric nanogenerator to directly convert mechanical vibration energy into alternating current electricity to self-power the monitoring device, eliminating the need for wiring or batteries, reducing costs and maintenance difficulties, and improving the sustainability of monitoring. The direct contact power generation mechanism between the copper interdigital electrodes and the dielectric layer cylinder avoids the influence of electromagnetic interference on signals and ensures data reliability;

[0091] Multi-directional vibration conversion: It accurately converts the multi-dimensional vibration of the transformer (including translations and rotations in all directions) into vertical displacement through a six-degree-of-freedom platform, ensuring that the main vibration monitoring module can effectively receive and process vibration signals, improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of monitoring;

[0092] Sensitive to high-frequency low-amplitude vibration: The natural frequency of the mass block is matched according to the target monitoring frequency band, and the high-frequency low-amplitude vibration of the transformer (such as >1 kHz, amplitude <1 μm) is amplified through the resonance effect, making the monitoring device more sensitive to tiny vibrations and improving the monitoring sensitivity. In addition, a nanowire array (such as polytetrafluoroethylene nanowires) is designed on the surface of the dielectric layer cylinder, greatly enhancing the triboelectric charge density and strengthening the signal output intensity of tiny vibrations. The resonance amplification of the mass block + the improvement of the nanowire dielectric layer jointly increase the charge density.

[0093] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0094] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical units. They can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device, characterized in that The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device includes: A vibration conversion module for converting the multi-dimensional vibration of the transformer into a displacement in the vertical direction; A vibration monitoring module disposed below the vibration conversion module and rigidly connected to the vibration conversion module, for performing triboelectric nanogeneration based on the displacement in the vertical direction and outputting an AC voltage signal; A signal processing module connected to the vibration monitoring module, for collecting the AC voltage signal and performing vibration monitoring based on the AC voltage signal.

2. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device further includes: A vibration amplification module fixed above the vibration conversion module, for amplifying the high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration of the transformer.

3. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration amplification module includes a mass block, and the natural frequency of the mass block matches the target monitoring vibration frequency band of the transformer.

4. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The vibration monitoring module includes: A sliding triboelectric nanogenerator, the center of the sliding triboelectric nanogenerator is a dielectric layer cylinder, and interdigitated electrodes are vertically arranged around the dielectric layer cylinder, and the interdigitated electrodes and the dielectric layer cylinder can slide relative to each other to perform triboelectric nanogeneration.

5. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the dielectric layer cylinder is wrapped with a polytetrafluoroethylene dielectric layer.

6. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The interdigitated electrodes include copper interdigitated electrodes, the electrode pitch of the copper interdigitated electrodes is less than the maximum displacement of the dielectric layer cylinder under vibration, and the electrode length of the copper interdigitated electrodes covers a preset proportion of the effective sliding stroke of the dielectric layer cylinder.

7. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vibration conversion module includes: a six-degree-of-freedom platform.

8. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein The signal processing module is connected to the copper interdigitated electrodes.

9. The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The signal processing module performing vibration monitoring based on the AC voltage signal includes: Analyzing the peaks and valleys of the AC voltage signal to obtain the real-time vibration frequency and amplitude of the transformer; When the vibration frequency and / or the amplitude exceeds a preset threshold, sending a warning signal.

10. A transformer vibration self-powered monitoring method, characterized in that, The transformer vibration self-powered monitoring method includes: Fixing the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to the vibration-sensitive area of the transformer; Converting the multi-dimensional vibration of the transformer into a displacement in the vertical direction through the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device, thereby performing triboelectric nanogeneration and outputting an AC voltage signal; Performing vibration monitoring based on the AC voltage signal through the transformer vibration self-powered monitoring device.

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