Sampling equipment and sampling method for rock in field geological shallow coverage area

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rock sampling, and particularly relates to a field geological shallow layer coverage area rock sampling device and a sampling method. Comprising a driving assembly, an auxiliary assembly is arranged on the side wall of the driving assembly, a sampling assembly is arranged at the output end of the lower portion of the driving assembly, and a drilling assembly is arranged below the sampling assembly; the driving assembly comprises a driving shaft; the sampling assembly comprises a drill rod, a sampling cavity is formed in the drill rod, a plurality of side grooves are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the sampling cavity, elastic rotating plates are rotationally connected to the lower portions of the inner walls of the side grooves, and wedge-shaped surfaces are arranged on the side walls of the elastic rotating plates; the drilling assembly comprises a drill bit, and a communicating hole is formed in the drill bit. The field geological shallow layer coverage area rock sampling equipment is high in sampling efficiency, good in sampling effect, simple to operate, convenient to carry, suitable for different sampling environments, safe, stable, convenient and efficient, and meets the sampling requirements of different field environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rock sampling, and specifically relates to a rock sampling device and a sampling method for shallow overburden areas in field geology. Background Art

[0002] Rock sampling in shallow overburden areas of field geology is an important geological exploration work, which can help us understand the underground geological structure and the distribution of mineral resources. Commonly used rock sampling equipment is used to sample and detect rocks, that is, a core drill is used to drill holes underground, and rock samples are taken out through tools such as core barrels. Core samples are usually cylindrical in shape and can provide continuous rock profiles.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN114216725B discloses a rock sampling device and a sampling method for petroleum geological exploration, which relates to the technical field of geological exploration. It includes a base, and both sides at one end of the top outer wall of the base are fixedly installed with vertically arranged U-shaped side frames, and the tops of the two U-shaped side frames are jointly connected with a top plate. A drilling component is installed on the two U-shaped side frames, and a spraying mechanism is installed on the base; the sampling efficiency of this rock sampling equipment is low, and the sampling effect is poor.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN107290175B relates to a portable field rock sampling device and method for use with a hand drill in field geological sampling. It solves the problems of poor quality and low efficiency of field core sampling. Its technical solution is: a central tube is placed in the inner cavity of a quick-connect cylinder, and an upper centering bearing is installed on the step surface in the middle of the inner cavity of the quick-connect cylinder; the female drive lead screw of the adjusting sleeve is engaged with the male drive lead screw of the quick-connect cylinder; the operation difficulty of this rock sampling equipment is large, and the operation accuracy is low.

[0005] The above-mentioned rock sampling equipment needs to continuously drill into the rock and perform the rock sampling process. Therefore, the cutting teeth below the drill bit are prone to cause the temperature inside the drill bit to rise after continuous extrusion and drilling with the rock. However, in the prior art, there is a lack of real-time monitoring and adjustment functions for the temperature at the drill bit position, which in turn causes the temperature of the drill bit and the cutting teeth to be too high and damage their own structures.

[0006] At the same time, if the rock hardness is too high and the downward force applied to the drill bit and the cutting teeth is insufficient, the drill bit and the cutting teeth will continuously rotate and slip and rub against the rock, which will not only reduce the rock sampling efficiency, but also cause the temperature at the drill bit position to continuously rise and easily damage its own structure.

[0007] After the rock sampling is completed, the drill pipe needs to be taken out upward and the rock sample needs to be detected. However, the rock sample inside the drill pipe is prone to slide downward and break away under the action of gravity, thereby reducing the accuracy and integrity of the rock sampling.

[0008] After the rock sample is taken out along the inside of the drill pipe, some rock impurities are likely to adhere to the inner walls of the sampling cavity and the communication holes. Only relying on the downward flow of the coolant cannot thoroughly and effectively flush and clean them, which is likely to affect the quality of subsequent rock sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a rock sampling device and a sampling method for the shallow overlying area of field geology.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A rock sampling device for the shallow overlying area of field geology, including a driving component, an auxiliary component is provided on the side wall of the driving component, a sampling component is provided at the lower output end of the driving component, and a drilling component is provided below the sampling component; The driving component includes a driving shaft; The sampling component includes a drill pipe, a sampling cavity is opened inside the drill pipe, a plurality of side grooves are uniformly opened on the inner wall of the sampling cavity, an elastic rotating plate is rotatably connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the side groove, and a wedge-shaped surface is provided on the side wall of the elastic rotating plate; The drilling component includes a drill bit, a communication hole is opened inside the drill bit, a plurality of docking grooves are uniformly provided on the inner wall of the communication hole, a temperature sensor is provided on the inner wall of the docking groove, and a wedge-shaped block is provided on the side wall of the docking groove.

[0011] In this application, the coolant flows downward along the side groove to the docking groove and flushes and cools the drill bit and the cutting teeth. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is greater than the set first temperature preset value and less than the set second temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate rotates downward and correspondingly increases the downward flow rate of the coolant; when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is greater than the set second temperature preset value and less than the set maximum temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate continues to rotate downward and drives the wedge-shaped surface to squeeze and contact the wedge-shaped block, and the wedge-shaped block drives the drill bit downward and increases the drilling force; when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is greater than the set maximum temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate rotates upward in the opposite direction and returns to the horizontal state, and the end of the elastic rotating plate squeezes and fixes the rock sample inside the sampling cavity; after sampling, the elastic rotating plate swings back and forth inside the side groove, and the coolant splashes onto the inner walls of the sampling cavity and the communication hole under the impact and collision of the elastic rotating plate, further improving the flushing and cleaning effect, avoiding the adhesion of impurities on the inner walls of the sampling cavity and the communication hole and causing pollution to subsequent rock sampling.

[0012] Preferably, an electric push rod is provided at the inner top of the side groove, a moving block is provided at the bottom output end of the electric push rod, the moving block is hermetically slidably connected to the inner wall of the side groove, a scraping plate is provided at the bottom of the moving block, the side wall of the scraping plate matches the inner wall of the side groove, and a plurality of tooth blocks are uniformly provided on the side wall of the scraping plate.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the side groove. A semi-toothed ring is arranged on the outer surface of one side of the rotating shaft. The semi-toothed ring meshes with the toothed block. The other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the side wall of the elastic rotating plate. The bottom of the wedge surface is in wedge fit with the top of the wedge block. Preferably, a splicing joint is threadedly connected to the axis of the driving shaft. The inner wall of the bottom of the splicing joint is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the top of the drill pipe by threads. A bottom groove is arranged at the bottom of the splicing joint. The bottom of the bottom groove is communicated with the top of the sampling cavity.

[0014] Preferably, a rotary joint is arranged on the outer surface of the splicing joint. One side input end of the rotary joint is communicated with a water supply pipe. The output end of the rotary joint is communicated with the inside of the bottom groove. The input end of the water supply pipe is communicated with a hose. The output end of the hose is communicated with a water supply assembly. A water valve is arranged above the water supply pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the docking groove corresponds to and communicates with the bottom of the side groove. The top of the communication hole is communicated with the bottom of the sampling cavity. A plurality of cutting teeth are evenly arranged at the bottom of the drill bit. The docking groove matches the cutting teeth. A sewage discharge groove is arranged between two adjacent cutting teeth. The inner side of the sewage discharge groove is communicated with the communication hole. A fixing block is arranged at the bottom of the wedge block. The bottom of the fixing block is fixedly connected to the top of the cutting tooth.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of limiting blocks are evenly arranged at the top of the drill bit. A plurality of clamping grooves are evenly formed at the bottom of the drill pipe. The limiting blocks and the clamping grooves are both misaligned with the docking groove. The limiting blocks are in interference fit with the clamping grooves. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature value inside the docking groove.

[0017] Preferably, the driving assembly further includes a gasoline engine. The bottom output end of the gasoline engine is provided with a gearbox. The bottom output end of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the top of the driving shaft. One side of the gasoline engine is communicated with a fuel tank. An oil cap is arranged at the opening at the top of the fuel tank. An ignition switch is arranged on one side of the gasoline engine. An air filter element is arranged at the intake end on the other side of the gasoline engine.

[0018] Preferably, a first armrest is arranged on one side of the gasoline engine. A second armrest is arranged on the other side of the gasoline engine. Grips are arranged on the outer surfaces of the ends of the first armrest and the second armrest. A controller is arranged above the first armrest. An adjusting brake is arranged below the controller. The output end of the adjusting brake is provided with an electric control wire.

[0019] The sampling method of the rock sampling equipment in the wild geological shallow overburden area as described above includes the following steps: S1. The drive shaft drives the drill pipe and the drill bit to rotate and drill the rock. The coolant inside the side groove enters the docking groove downward after being blocked by the elastic rotating plate, and cools down the drill bit. S2. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is greater than the set first temperature preset value and less than the set second temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate rotates downward, the blocked area of the side groove by the elastic rotating plate decreases, and the amount of coolant entering the docking groove downward from the side groove increases. S3. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is greater than the set second temperature preset value and less than the set maximum temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate continues to rotate downward, the wedge surface is in wedge fit with the wedge block, the downward force on the drill bit increases, and the extrusion force of the drill bit for drilling the rock downward increases. S4. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is greater than the set maximum temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate rotates in the reverse direction and reaches the horizontal state. The end of the elastic rotating plate is in extrusion contact with the side wall of the rock sample inside the sampling cavity, and the drill pipe and the drill bit are taken out upward. S5. After taking out the sample inside the sampling cavity, coolant is introduced into the sampling cavity and the communication hole. The elastic rotating plate swings back and forth inside the side groove, and the coolant impacts and collides with the top of the elastic rotating plate and splashes around to wash the inner walls of the sampling cavity and the communication hole.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, the rock sampling device in the shallow overlying area of the field geology has high sampling efficiency, good sampling effect, meets the sampling requirements for different field environments, is simple to operate, convenient to carry, adapts to different sampling environments, is safe, stable, convenient and efficient.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, during the sampling process, the flow rate of the coolant is correspondingly adjusted by the rotation angle of the elastic rotating plate, and the cooling efficiency of the drill bit and the cutting teeth is adaptively adjusted to ensure the continuity and stability of the rock drilling by the cutting teeth.

[0022] 3. In the present invention, when the rock is relatively hard, the elastic rotating plate continues to rotate and correspondingly increases the downward force on the drill bit and the cutting teeth, and cooperates with the increased amount of coolant discharged from the sewage groove, effectively improving the drilling efficiency of the cutting teeth on the rock and ensuring that the rock can be sampled and detected thoroughly and effectively.

[0023] 4. In the present invention, after the sampling is completed, the elastic rotating plate rotates in the reverse direction and the end is in extrusion contact with the side wall of the rock sample inside the sampling cavity, effectively preventing the rock sample from sliding out and falling downward when the drill pipe and the drill bit are pulled out, and ensuring the thoroughness and integrity of the rock sampling.

[0024] 5. In the present invention, after sampling is completed, the elastic rotating plate continuously rotates back and forth inside the side groove, and in cooperation with the coolant flowing downward inside the sampling cavity and the communication hole, it further realizes the irregular sputtering and flushing effect of the coolant on the inner walls of the sampling cavity and the communication hole, effectively avoiding the contamination of the subsequent rock sampling quality caused by the impurities adhering to the inner walls of the sampling cavity and the communication hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 is an exploded three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the driving component and the auxiliary component of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 2 a front view internal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sampling component; Figure 5 is Figure 4 an enlarged schematic diagram at position A in Figure 6 is Figure 4 an enlarged schematic diagram at position B in Figure 7 is a bottom view partial exploded three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sampling component of the present invention; Figure 8 is a partial exploded three-dimensional structural schematic diagram inside the sampling component of the present invention; Figure 9 is an exploded three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drilling component of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Driving component; 101. Driving shaft; 102. Gasoline engine; 103. Gearbox; 104. Ignition switch; 105. Air filter; 106. Fuel tank; 107. Fuel cap; 2. Auxiliary component; 201. First armrest; 202. Second armrest; 203. Grip; 204. Electric control wire; 205. Adjusting brake; 206. Controller; 3. Sampling component; 301. Drill pipe; 302. Sampling cavity; 303. Splice joint; 304. Rotary joint; 305. Water supply pipe; 306. Water valve; 307. Side groove; 308. Electric push rod; 309. Moving block; 310. Scraper; 311. Tooth block; 312. Rotating shaft; 313. Half tooth ring; 314. Elastic rotating plate; 315. Wedge surface; 316. Card slot; 317. Bottom groove; 4. Drilling component; 401. Drill bit; 402. Cutting teeth; 403. Drainage groove; 404. Limiting block; 405. Docking groove; 406. Fixed block; 407. Wedge block; 408. Temperature sensor; 409. Communication hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. First Embodiment

[0028] As Figure 1 - Figure 9 shown, a rock sampling device for the shallow overlying area of field geology includes a driving component 1. An auxiliary component 2 is provided on the side wall of the driving component 1. The setting of the auxiliary component 2 further improves the auxiliary support effect on the driving component 1 and ensures the stability of subsequent rock sampling. A sampling component 3 is provided at the lower output end of the driving component 1, and a drilling component 4 is provided below the sampling component 3. The driving component 1 is started to drive the sampling component 3 and the drilling component 4 to rotate. The drilling component 4 drills into the rocks in the shallow overlying area of field geology and makes the rock samples enter the inside of the sampling component 3 for subsequent sampling and testing.

[0029] The driving component 1 includes a driving shaft 101. The driving shaft 101 rotates to drive the sampling component 3 and the drilling component 4 below to rotate and perform drilling and sampling. The driving component 1 further includes a gasoline engine 102. A transmission 103 is provided at the bottom output end of the gasoline engine 102. The bottom output end of the transmission 103 is fixedly connected to the top of the driving shaft 101. The gasoline engine 102 is started to drive the driving shaft 101 to rotate through the transmission 103. A fuel tank 106 is communicated with one side of the gasoline engine 102. An oil cap 107 is provided at the upper opening of the fuel tank 106. The oil cap 107 is opened, and the mixed gasoline is poured into the inside of the fuel tank 106 to wait for subsequent power supply to the gasoline engine 102. An ignition switch 104 is provided on one side of the gasoline engine 102. The setting of the ignition switch 104 facilitates subsequent switching on and off of the gasoline engine 102. The other side of the gasoline engine 102 is its air intake end, and an air filter 105 is provided at the air intake end. The setting of the air filter 105 ensures the dust-free nature of the gas entering the inside of the gasoline engine 102 and avoids hindering the subsequent use of the gasoline engine 102.

[0030] On one side of the gasoline engine 102, there is a first handrail 201, and on the other side of the gasoline engine 102, there is a second handrail 202. The settings of the first handrail 201 and the second handrail 202 provide convenience and stability for the operator to take rock samples in the shallow overburden area of the field geology. On the outer surfaces of the ends of the first handrail 201 and the second handrail 202, there are grips 203. The setting of the grips 203 improves the drilling stability. Above the first handrail 201, there is a controller 206, and the controller 206 electrically controls each electrical component. Below the controller 206, there is an adjusting brake 205. The adjusting brake 205 is used to control the transmission speed of the gearbox 103, and then adjust the rotation speed of the lower drive shaft 101 driving the sampling assembly 3 and the drilling assembly 4, so as to ensure the stability of rock drilling. The output end of the adjusting brake 205 is provided with an electric control wire 204, and the setting of the electric control wire 204 improves the electric control effect.

[0031] The sampling assembly 3 includes a drill pipe 301. Inside the drill pipe 301, there is a sampling cavity 302. Rock samples enter the inside of the sampling cavity 302 and wait for subsequent detection. At the axis of the drive shaft 101, there is a splicing joint 303 connected by threads. The inner wall of the bottom of the splicing joint 303 is fixedly connected by threads to the outer surface of the top of the drill pipe 301. With the setting of the splicing joint 303, the transmission stability and efficiency of the drive shaft 101 and the drill pipe 301 are further improved. At the bottom of the splicing joint 303, there is a bottom groove 317, and the bottom of the bottom groove 317 is connected to the top of the sampling cavity 302. Then, the coolant inside the bottom groove 317 can flow downward into the inside of the sampling cavity 302, further improving the flushing and cooling effects on the rock samples inside the sampling cavity 302.

[0032] On the outer surface of the splicing joint 303, there is a rotary joint 304. On one side input end of the rotary joint 304, there is a water supply pipe 305 connected. The output end of the rotary joint 304 is connected to the inside of the bottom groove 317. Then, the coolant inside the water supply pipe 305 enters the inside of the bottom groove 317 along the rotary joint 304, and further flows downward along the bottom groove 317 into the inside of the sampling cavity 302 for flowing flushing and cooling. The input end of the water supply pipe 305 is connected to a hose, and the output end of the hose is connected to a water supply assembly. Above the water supply pipe 305, there is a water valve 306. After the water valve 306 is opened, the water supply assembly drives and passes the coolant into the inside of the water supply pipe 305 along the hose.

[0033] A plurality of side grooves 307 are evenly formed in the inner wall of the sampling cavity 302. An elastic rotating plate 314 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the side groove 307. The length value of the elastic rotating plate 314 is greater than the depth value of the side groove 307, that is, the length value of the elastic rotating plate 314 near the axis of the sampling cavity 302 is greater than the depth value of the side groove 307 near the axis of the sampling cavity 302. Therefore, when the elastic rotating plate 314 is in a horizontal state, it can frictionally squeeze and fix the side wall of the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302, avoiding the downward flow and discharge of the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302 when the drill rod 301 is taken out and reducing the sampling effect. The elastic rotating plate 314 rotates inside the side groove 307 and further increases the downward flow rate of the coolant inside the side groove 307. An electric push rod 308 is provided at the inner top of the side groove 307. A moving block 309 is provided at the bottom output end of the electric push rod 308. The moving block 309 is hermetically slidably connected to the inner wall of the side groove 307. When the electric push rod 308 is started and its output end drives the moving block 309 to move up and down inside the side groove 307, a scraping plate 310 is provided at the bottom of the moving block 309. The side wall of the scraping plate 310 matches the inner wall of the side groove 307. The up and down movement of the moving block 309 correspondingly drives the scraping plate 310 to move up and down inside the side groove 307. Thus, not only the rotation angle of the elastic rotating plate 314 is correspondingly adjusted, but also the rock impurities clamped inside the side groove 307 can be scraped and cleaned by means of the scraping plate 310, avoiding affecting subsequent rock sampling. At the same time, the length value of the moving block 309 is less than the depth value of the side groove 307, that is, the length of the moving block 309 near the axis of the sampling cavity 302 is less than the length of the side groove 307 near the axis of the sampling cavity 302. The moving block 309 will not completely block the side groove 307. When the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302 reaches the end of the moving block 309 upward, the up and down movement of the moving block 309 will not block the side groove 307, and the coolant inside the sampling cavity 302 can still flow downward along the side groove 307 for cooling. And in actual rock sampling, it is not easy for the height of the rock sample to reach the height of the moving block 309. This setting further improves the stability and efficiency of the coolant flowing along the side groove 307 inside the sampling cavity 302.

[0034] The side wall of the scraping plate 310 is evenly provided with a plurality of tooth blocks 311. When the scraping plate 310 moves up and down, the corresponding tooth blocks 311 are driven to move up and down. The lower inner wall of the side groove 307 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 312. A semi-tooth ring 313 is arranged on the outer surface of one side of the rotating shaft 312. The semi-tooth ring 313 meshes with the tooth blocks 311. When the tooth blocks 311 move up and down, the rotating shaft 312 is driven to rotate through the meshing with the semi-tooth ring 313. The other end of the rotating shaft 312 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the elastic rotating plate 314. The rotating shaft 312 drives the elastic rotating plate 314 to rotate inside the side groove 307, and cooperates with the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302 to block the end of the side groove 307, further adjusting the flow rate of the coolant inside the side groove 307. It not only cools and reduces the temperature of the vertex of the drilling component 4, but also ensures the flushing and cleaning effect on the inner wall of the sampling cavity 302, avoiding affecting the subsequent rock sampling.

[0035] The drilling component 4 includes a drill bit 401. The drill bit 401 is located below the drill pipe 301. A communication hole 409 is opened inside the drill bit 401. The top of the communication hole 409 is communicated with the bottom of the sampling cavity 302. Therefore, the rock sample inside the communication hole 409 enters the sampling cavity 302 upward for temporary storage. A plurality of cutting teeth 402 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the drill bit 401. The drill pipe 301 rotates and drives the drill bit 401 to rotate. The drill bit 401 rotates to drive the plurality of cutting teeth 402 to rotate. The plurality of cutting teeth 402 are mutually extruded and cut with the rocks in the shallow overlying area of the field geology and drill and sample the rocks, so that the rock sample enters the communication hole 409 inside and further reaches the sampling cavity 302 inside for recovery and sampling.

[0036] A plurality of docking grooves 405 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the communication hole 409. A temperature sensor 408 is arranged on the inner wall of the docking groove 405. The temperature sensor 408 is used to detect the temperature value inside the docking groove 405. The setting of the docking groove 405 not only cools and reduces the temperature of the vertex of the cutting teeth 402, but also can correspondingly increase the downward pressure applied to the cutting teeth 402 when the rock hardness is too high and causes the temperature of the cutting teeth 402 to be too high, thereby ensuring the drilling effect of the cutting teeth 402 on the rock.

[0037] The top of the docking groove 405 corresponds to and communicates with the bottom of the side groove 307. Therefore, the coolant inside the side groove 307 flows downward into the docking groove 405. The docking groove 405 matches the cutting teeth 402, so the coolant cools and reduces the temperature of the lower cutting teeth 402 in a fixed-point and efficient manner, ensuring that the temperature of the cutting teeth 402 is always in the best state. A sewage discharge groove 403 is provided between two adjacent cutting teeth 402. The inner side of the sewage discharge groove 403 communicates with the communication hole 409. Therefore, the coolant inside the docking groove 405 moves to both sides and finally discharges along the sewage discharge groove 403. This not only improves the cooling and temperature reduction effect of the coolant on the cutting teeth 402 thoroughly and evenly, but also can flush out the rock impurities inside the sampling cavity 302 and the communication hole 409 in time, avoiding reducing the subsequent rock sampling quality.

[0038] A wedge-shaped block 407 is provided on the side wall of the docking groove 405. A fixing block 406 is provided at the bottom of the wedge-shaped block 407. The bottom of the fixing block 406 is fixedly connected to the top of the cutting tooth 402. When the wedge-shaped block 407 is subjected to a force, it synchronously adjusts the drilling force of the drill bit 401 on the lower rock by means of the fixing block 406. A wedge-shaped surface 315 is provided on the side wall of the elastic rotating plate 314. The bottom of the wedge-shaped surface 315 is in wedge-shaped fit with the top of the wedge-shaped block 407. Therefore, when the elastic rotating plate 314 rotates downward by too large an angle, the bottom of the wedge-shaped surface 315 is in wedge-shaped extrusion contact with the top of the wedge-shaped block 407. Then the elastic rotating plate 314 exerts a downward force on the wedge-shaped block 407. The wedge-shaped block 407 correspondingly increases the downward acting force of the drill bit 401 through the fixing block 406, further improving the drilling force of the drill bit 401 on the rock and ensuring the rock sampling efficiency.

[0039] A plurality of limiting blocks 404 are evenly provided at the top of the drill bit 401. A plurality of clamping grooves 316 are evenly formed at the bottom of the drill pipe 301. The limiting blocks 404 and the clamping grooves 316 are both misaligned with the docking groove 405. The limiting blocks 404 and the clamping grooves 316 are in interference fit. Then, the connection stability and transmission efficiency of the drill bit 401 and the drill pipe 301 are ensured by the mutual clamping of the limiting blocks 404 and the clamping grooves 316. That is, when the drill pipe 301 rotates, it correspondingly drives the drill bit 401 to rotate. And when the wedge-shaped surface 315 of the elastic rotating plate 314 is in wedge-shaped extrusion contact with the wedge-shaped block 407, the wedge-shaped block 407 correspondingly increases the downward extrusion force of the drill bit 401 on the rock through the fixing block 406, further improving the cutting and drilling effect of the cutting teeth 402 below the drill bit 401 on the rock.

[0040] When the drill pipe 301 and the drill bit 401 continuously drill into the rock and take rock samples, the cutting teeth 402 below the drill bit 401 continuously squeeze and drill the rock, resulting in a temperature rise. In the prior art, there is a lack of real-time monitoring and adjustment functions for the temperature at the position of the drill bit 401, which in turn causes the temperatures of the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 to be too high and damage to occur. At the same time, if the rock hardness is too high and the downward force applied to the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 is insufficient, the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 continuously rotate and slip on the rock, which not only reduces the efficiency of rock sampling, but also causes the temperature at the position of the drill bit 401 to continuously rise and easily causes damage to its own structure. During the process of taking rock samples and after the sampling is completed, the drill pipe 301 needs to be taken out upward and the rock samples need to be detected. The rock samples inside the drill pipe 301 are likely to slide downward under the action of gravity and break away, thereby reducing the accuracy and integrity of rock sampling. And after the rock samples are taken out along the inside of the drill pipe 301, some rock impurities are likely to adhere to the inner walls of the sampling cavity 302 and the communication hole 409, and only relying on the downward flow of the coolant cannot thoroughly and effectively wash and clean them, which is likely to affect the quality of subsequent rock sampling.

[0041] To solve the above problems, when the rock sampling equipment in the shallow overburden area of the field geology is actually used, first, each component is carried to the sampling position, and each component is spliced according to the requirements. At this time, the water supply pipe 305 is connected to the hose of the water supply component, and the upper part of the drill pipe 301 is threadedly fixed to the lower part of the splicing head 303. The multiple limit blocks 404 above the drill bit 401 are inserted into the inside of the card slot 316, so that the multiple docking grooves 405 and the side grooves 307 are connected. The lower part of the scraper 310 is correspondingly inserted into the inside of the docking groove 405. At the same time, the bottom groove 317 and the sampling cavity 302 are connected, and then wait for the subsequent sampling process.

[0042] The operator opens the oil cap 107 and pours the mixed gasoline into the fuel tank 106. Then, by holding the grips 203 at the ends of the first armrest 201 and the second armrest 202 with the hand, and pressing the cutting teeth 402 below the drill bit 401 against the sampling position in contact, the ignition switch 104 is turned on, and the gasoline engine 102 starts and drives the drill pipe 301 and the drill bit 401 to rotate through the gearbox 103. At the same time, the water valve 306 is opened, the water supply component starts and feeds the coolant into the inside of the water supply pipe 305 along the hose. The coolant is mostly field clear water, and the coolant continues to enter the bottom groove 317 through the water supply pipe 305 and the rotary joint 304, and enters the inside of the sampling cavity 302 and the communication hole 409 along the bottom groove 317 downward.

[0043] Meanwhile, the controller 206 controls the electric push rod 308 to start and the output end to shorten. The bottom output end of the electric push rod 308 drives the scraper 310 to move upward by a certain distance through the moving block 309. The scraper 310 drives a plurality of tooth blocks 311 to move upward. The tooth blocks 311 mesh with the semi-tooth ring 313 and drive the rotating shaft 312 to rotate. The rotating shaft 312 drives the elastic rotating plate 314 to rotate downward. The elastic rotating plate 314 no longer blocks the side groove 307, and the coolant flows downward along the side groove 307 and enters the inside of the docking groove 405, and finally discharges along a plurality of sewage grooves 403. Thus, not only the flushing and cleaning effect on the outer surface of the rock is achieved, but also the cutting teeth 402 can be quickly cooled at a fixed point, ensuring that the cutting temperature of the cutting teeth 402 remains stable at all times.

[0044] When the drill pipe 301 drives the drill bit 401 to rotate, the drill bit 401 drives a plurality of cutting teeth 402 to rotate synchronously to drill the rock. The rock sample continuously enters the inside of the sampling cavity 302 upward along the communication hole 409, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 408 reaches the set first temperature preset value.

[0045] After that, when the cutting teeth 402 continuously rotate and rub against the rock and generate heat, the temperatures of the cutting teeth 402 and the drill bit 401 continuously increase. The temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 408 increases and is greater than the first temperature preset value and less than the set second temperature preset value. The second temperature preset value is greater than the first temperature preset value. In order to improve the cooling effect on the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402, the controller 206 controls the electric push rod 308 to start and the output end to shorten. The output end of the electric push rod 308 drives the scraper 310 to move upward along the side groove 307 through the moving block 309. The scraper 310 drives a plurality of tooth blocks 311 to move upward. The tooth blocks 311 mesh with the semi-tooth ring 313 and drive the rotating shaft 312 to rotate. The rotating shaft 312 drives the elastic rotating plate 314 at the other end to rotate downward. The blocking area of the elastic rotating plate 314 against the side groove 307 decreases, the flow rate of the coolant inside the side groove 307 reaching the inside of the docking groove 405 downward increases, and finally the amount of coolant discharged along the sewage groove 403 increases, correspondingly improving the cooling effect of the coolant on the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402, ensuring that the drilling temperature of the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 remains stable and safe at all times.

[0046] When the hardness of the rock is too high and the downward force applied by the operator through the drill pipe 301 to the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 does not meet the drilling requirements, the cutting teeth 402 continuously drill and rub against the harder rock and generate increased heat. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 408 reaches the set second temperature preset value and is less than the maximum temperature preset value, and the maximum temperature preset value is greater than the second temperature preset value, it indicates that at this time, not only the cooling effect on the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 needs to be improved, but also the downward pressure on the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 needs to be correspondingly increased, thereby improving the drilling effect of the cutting teeth 402 on the harder rock.

[0047] Then the controller 206 controls the electric push rod 308 to start and the output end continues to shorten. The output end of the electric push rod 308 drives the scraper 310 to move upward along the side groove 307 through the moving block 309. The scraper 310 drives a plurality of tooth blocks 311 to move upward synchronously. The tooth blocks 311 engage with the semi-tooth ring 313 and drive the rotating shaft 312 to rotate. The rotating shaft 312 drives the elastic rotating plate 314 to rotate downward and continuously reach the vertical state. Then the blocking area of the elastic rotating plate 314 for the side groove 307 reaches the minimum value, the flow rate of the coolant inside the side groove 307 downward to the docking groove 405 reaches the maximum value, the cooling efficiency of the coolant inside the docking groove 405 for the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 reaches the maximum value, and finally the amount of coolant discharged along the sewage discharge groove 403 reaches the maximum value, and the scouring and softening effect of the coolant on the rock reaches the maximum value, further improving the drilling efficiency and drilling effect on the harder rock.

[0048] At the same time, when the elastic rotating plate 314 rotates downward, it drives the wedge surface 315 to rotate synchronously. The wedge surface 315 is in mutual extrusion contact with the top of the wedge block 407 and exerts a downward force on the wedge block 407. The wedge block 407 synchronously exerts a downward force on the drill bit 401 through the fixing block 406. The drill bit 401 exerts a downward force on the cutting teeth 402, and the extrusion and cutting force of the cutting teeth 402 on the harder rock increases. Combined with the increase in the amount of coolant discharged through the sewage discharge groove 403, the cutting and crushing effect of the cutting teeth 402 on the harder rock is further improved, ensuring the sampling effect of the rock sample.

[0049] At the same time, when the elastic rotating plate 314 rotates inside the side groove 307, the flow rates of the coolant inside the side groove 307 and the docking groove 405 change correspondingly. When the coolant undergoes pulsed flow, the scouring and cleaning effect on the impurities on the outer surface of the rock is further improved, thereby ensuring the cleanliness and stability of the rock sample. And the scraper 310 moves up and down inside the side groove 307 to correspondingly achieve the scraping and cleaning effect on the inner walls of the side groove 307 and the docking groove 405, preventing rock impurities from adhering to the inner walls of the side groove 307 or the docking groove 405 and affecting the flow of the coolant and the subsequent rock sampling effect.

[0050] If the amount of rock samples inside the sampling cavity 302 reaches the maximum value, or the rock hardness is too high, the cutting teeth 402 continuously drill and rub against the rock, and the temperature value further increases. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 408 reaches the set maximum temperature preset value, the drill rod 301 and the drill bit 401 need to be removed. At this time, the controller 206 controls the electric push rod 308 to start and its output end extends. The output end of the electric push rod 308 drives the scraper 310 to move downward along the side groove 307 to the maximum distance through the moving block 309. The scraper 310 drives a plurality of tooth blocks 311 to move downward to the maximum distance. The tooth blocks 311 mesh with the semi-tooth ring 313 and drive the rotating shaft 312 to rotate reversely to the maximum angle. The rotating shaft 312 drives the elastic rotating plate 314 to rotate upward to the horizontal state. The coolant inside the side groove 307 is blocked by the elastic rotating plate 314 and no longer flows downward. At the same time, the water supply component is closed and the drill rod 301 and the drill bit 401 are removed upward.

[0051] Since the end of the elastic rotating plate 314 is in elastic extrusion contact with the side wall of the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302, under the action of the frictional force and extrusion force at the end of the elastic rotating plate 314, the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302 will not fall downward. During the upward removal process of the drill rod 301 and the drill bit 401, the rock inside the sampling cavity 302 can stably move upward with the drill rod 301 and be pulled out, further avoiding the risk that the rock sample slides upward along the sampling cavity 302 and falls during the upward removal process of the drill rod 301, improving the accuracy and thoroughness of sampling.

[0052] After the drill rod 301 and the drill bit 401 are removed, the controller 206 controls the electric push rod 308 to start and its output end shortens. The output end of the electric push rod 308 drives the scraper 310 and a plurality of tooth blocks 311 to move downward through the moving block 309. The tooth blocks 311 mesh with the semi-tooth ring 313 to drive the rotating shaft 312 and the elastic rotating plate 314 to rotate downward. The end of the elastic rotating plate 314 is disengaged from the extrusion and fixing effect on the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302. At this time, the outer surface of the drill rod 301 is knocked, and the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302 continuously passes downward through the communication hole 409 and is taken out, thereby completing the rock sampling process, with high sampling efficiency, good sampling effect, high operation accuracy, and good operation stability.

[0053] After all the rock samples are taken out, the drill rod 301 and the drill bit 401 are moved to a suitable position. The controller 206 controls the opening of the water supply component, and the bottom groove 317 continues to introduce coolant into the sampling cavity 302. The coolant passes through the sampling cavity 302 and the internal side groove 307 and then continues to flow downward to reach the inside of the communication hole 409 and the docking groove 405, further realizing the flushing and cleaning effect on the inner walls of the sampling cavity 302 and the communication hole 409, and avoiding contamination of the subsequent rock sample sampling.

[0054] Meanwhile, the controller 206 controls the electric push rod 308 to start and the output end to continuously extend and shorten. The output end of the electric push rod 308 drives the scraper 310 and multiple tooth blocks 311 to continuously move up and down along the side groove 307 through the moving block 309. The tooth blocks 311 engage with the semi-tooth ring 313 and drive the rotating shaft 312 and the elastic rotating plate 314 to continuously rotate back and forth. The cooling liquid flowing inside the side groove 307 is continuously sputtered onto the inner walls of the sampling chamber 302 and the communication hole 409 under the blocking effect of the change of the elastic rotating plate 314, further realizing the irregular flushing and cleaning effect on the sampling chamber 302 and the communication hole 409, and avoiding the contamination of subsequent rock sampling caused by the rock impurities attached to the inner walls of the sampling chamber 302 and the communication hole 409.

[0055] After the cleaning is completed, move the drill pipe 301 and the drill bit 401 to the subsequent sampling position, and repeat the above process to sample the subsequent rocks.

[0056] The rock sampling equipment for the shallow overlying area of field geology has high sampling efficiency, good sampling effect, meets the sampling requirements for different field environments, is simple to operate, convenient to carry, adapts to different sampling environments, is safe, stable, convenient and efficient; meanwhile, during the sampling process, the flow rate of the cooling liquid is correspondingly adjusted through the rotation angle of the elastic rotating plate 314, and the cooling and temperature reduction efficiency of the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402 is adaptively adjusted to ensure the continuity and stability of the rock drilling by the cutting teeth 402; and when the rock is relatively hard, the elastic rotating plate 314 continues to rotate and correspondingly increases the downward acting force on the drill bit 401 and the cutting teeth 402, and cooperates with the increased amount of the cooling liquid discharged from the sewage discharge groove 403 to effectively improve the drilling efficiency of the cutting teeth 402 on the rock and ensure that the rock can be sampled and detected thoroughly and effectively; and when the sampling is completed, the elastic rotating plate 314 rotates reversely and the end part is in extrusion contact with the side wall of the rock sample inside the sampling chamber 302, effectively avoiding the downward sliding and falling of the rock sample when the drill pipe 301 and the drill bit 401 are pulled out, and ensuring the thoroughness and integrity of the rock sampling; when the sampling is completed, the elastic rotating plate 314 continuously rotates back and forth inside the side groove 307, and cooperates with the cooling liquid flowing downward inside the sampling chamber 302 and the communication hole 409 to further realize the irregular sputtering and flushing cleaning effect of the cooling liquid on the inner walls of the sampling chamber 302 and the communication hole 409, effectively avoiding the contamination of the subsequent rock sampling quality caused by the impurities adhered to the inner walls of the sampling chamber 302 and the communication hole 409. Second Embodiment

[0057] The sampling method of the rock sampling equipment for the shallow overlying area of field geology as described above includes the following steps: S1. The drive shaft 101 drives the drill pipe 301 and the drill bit 401 to rotate and drill the rock, and the cooling liquid inside the side groove 307 enters the docking groove 405 downward after being blocked by the elastic rotating plate 314 and cools down the drill bit 401.

[0058] S2. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 408 is greater than the set first temperature preset value and less than the set second temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate 314 rotates downward, the blocking area of the side groove 307 on the opposite side of the elastic rotating plate 314 decreases, and the amount of coolant flowing downward into the docking groove 405 from the side groove 307 increases.

[0059] S3. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 408 is greater than the set second temperature preset value and less than the set maximum temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate 314 continues to rotate downward, the wedge surface 315 and the wedge block 407 are in wedge fit, the downward force on the drill bit 401 increases, and the extrusion force for the drill bit 401 to drill downward into the rock increases.

[0060] S4. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 408 is greater than the set maximum temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate 314 rotates in the reverse direction and reaches the horizontal state. The end of the elastic rotating plate 314 comes into extrusion contact with the side wall of the rock sample inside the sampling cavity 302, and the drill pipe 301 and the drill bit 401 are taken out upward.

[0061] S5. After taking out the sample inside the sampling cavity 302, coolant is introduced into the sampling cavity 302 and the communication hole 409. The elastic rotating plate 314 swings back and forth inside the side groove 307, and the coolant impacts and collides with the top of the elastic rotating plate 314 and splashes around to wash the inner walls of the sampling cavity 302 and the communication hole 409.

[0062] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0063] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rock sampling device for shallow overburden areas in the field geology, characterized in that, It includes a driving component (1), an auxiliary component (2) is provided on the side wall of the driving component (1), a sampling component (3) is provided at the lower output end of the driving component (1), and a drilling component (4) is provided below the sampling component (3). The driving component (1) includes a driving shaft (101). The sampling component (3) includes a drill pipe (301), a sampling cavity (302) is formed inside the drill pipe (301), a plurality of side grooves (307) are evenly formed on the inner wall of the sampling cavity (302), an elastic rotating plate (314) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the side groove (307), and a wedge surface (315) is provided on the side wall of the elastic rotating plate (314). The drilling component (4) includes a drill bit (401), a communication hole (409) is formed inside the drill bit (401), a plurality of docking grooves (405) are evenly provided on the inner wall of the communication hole (409), a temperature sensor (408) is provided on the inner wall of the docking groove (405), and a wedge block (407) is provided on the side wall of the docking groove (405).

2. The rock sampling device for shallow overburden areas in the field geology according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electric push rod (308) is provided at the inner top of the side groove (307), a moving block (309) is provided at the bottom output end of the electric push rod (308), the moving block (309) is hermetically slidably connected to the inner wall of the side groove (307), a scraping plate (310) is provided at the bottom of the moving block (309), the side wall of the scraping plate (310) matches the inner wall of the side groove (307), and a plurality of tooth blocks (311) are evenly provided on the side wall of the scraping plate (310).

3. The rock sampling device for the shallow overburden area in the field geology according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rotating shaft (312) is rotatably connected to the lower inner wall of the side groove (307), a semi-tooth ring (313) is provided on the outer surface of one side of the rotating shaft (312), the semi-tooth ring (313) meshes with the tooth block (311), the other end of the rotating shaft (312) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the elastic rotating plate (314), and the bottom of the wedge surface (315) is in wedge fit with the top of the wedge block (407).

4. The rock sampling device for the shallow overburden area in the field geology according to claim 1, characterized in that, A splicing joint (303) is threadedly connected to the axis of the driving shaft (101), the inner bottom wall of the splicing joint (303) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the top of the drill pipe (301) by threads, a bottom groove (317) is provided at the bottom of the splicing joint (303), and the bottom of the bottom groove (317) is communicated with the top of the sampling cavity (302).

5. The rock sampling device for shallow overburden areas in the field geology according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rotary joint (304) is provided on the outer surface of the splicing joint (303), an input end on one side of the rotary joint (304) is communicated with a water supply pipe (305), the output end of the rotary joint (304) is communicated with the inside of the bottom groove (317), the input end of the water supply pipe (305) is communicated with a hose, the output end of the hose is communicated with a water supply component, and a water valve (306) is provided above the water supply pipe (305).

6. The rock sampling device for shallow overburden areas in field geology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the docking groove (405) corresponds to and communicates with the bottom of the side groove (307). The top of the communication hole (409) communicates with the bottom of the sampling chamber (302). A plurality of cutting teeth (402) are evenly provided at the bottom of the drill bit (401). The docking groove (405) matches the cutting teeth (402). A sewage discharge groove (403) is provided between two adjacent cutting teeth (402). The inner side of the sewage discharge groove (403) communicates with the communication hole (409). A fixing block (406) is provided at the bottom of the wedge-shaped block (407). The bottom of the fixing block (406) is fixedly connected to the top of the cutting tooth (402).

7. The rock sampling device for the shallow overburden area in the field geology according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of limiting blocks (404) are evenly provided at the top of the drill bit (401). A plurality of clamping grooves (316) are evenly formed at the bottom of the drill pipe (301). The limiting blocks (404) and the clamping grooves (316) are both misaligned with the docking groove (405). The limiting blocks (404) are in interference fit with the clamping grooves (316). The temperature sensor (408) is used to detect the temperature value inside the docking groove (405).

8. The rock sampling device for the shallow overburden area in the field geological area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving assembly (1) further includes a gasoline engine (102). The bottom output end of the gasoline engine (102) is provided with a gearbox (103). The bottom output end of the gearbox (103) is fixedly connected to the top of the driving shaft (101). One side of the gasoline engine (102) is communicated with a fuel tank (106). An oil cap (107) is provided at the opening above the fuel tank (106). An ignition switch (104) is provided on one side of the gasoline engine (102). An air filter element (105) is provided at the air intake end on the other side of the gasoline engine (102).

9. The rock sampling device for shallow overburden areas in the field geology according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first armrest (201) is provided on one side of the gasoline engine (102). A second armrest (202) is provided on the other side of the gasoline engine (102). Grips (203) are provided on the outer surfaces of the ends of the first armrest (201) and the second armrest (202). A controller (206) is provided above the first armrest (201). An adjusting brake (205) is provided below the controller (206). The output end of the adjusting brake (205) is provided with an electric control wire (204).

10. The sampling method of the rock sampling equipment in the shallow overburden area of the field geology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. The driving shaft (101) drives the drill pipe (301) and the drill bit (401) to rotate and drill the rock. The coolant inside the side groove (307) enters the inside of the docking groove (405) downward after being blocked by the elastic rotating plate (314) and cools down the drill bit (401). S2. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor (408) is greater than the set first temperature preset value and less than the set second temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate (314) rotates downward. The blocking area of the elastic rotating plate (314) for the side groove (307) decreases, and the amount of coolant flowing from the side groove (307) into the docking groove (405) increases. S3. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor (408) is greater than the set second temperature preset value and less than the set maximum temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate (314) continues to rotate downward, the wedge surface (315) is in wedge fit with the wedge block (407), the downward acting force on the drill bit (401) increases, and the extrusion force of the drill bit (401) drilling downward into the rock increases; S4. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor (408) is greater than the set maximum temperature preset value, the elastic rotating plate (314) rotates in the reverse direction and reaches the horizontal state, the end of the elastic rotating plate (314) is in extrusion contact with the side wall of the rock sample inside the sampling cavity (302), and the drill pipe (301) and the drill bit (401) are taken out upward; S5. After taking out the sample inside the sampling cavity (302), coolant is introduced into the sampling cavity (302) and the communication hole (409), the elastic rotating plate (314) swings reciprocally inside the side groove (307), and the coolant impacts and collides with the top of the elastic rotating plate (314) and splashes around to wash the inner walls of the sampling cavity (302) and the communication hole (409).

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