Atmospheric environment detection device based on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of atmospheric environment detection devices, and discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle-based atmospheric environment detection device, which comprises a base arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle shell and a gas sample bottle used for storing sampling gas, the base is provided with a gas changing mechanism for adjusting the actual amount of the sampling gas according to the change of the flight height and the temperature of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the gas changing mechanism comprises a swing rod arranged on the base, the tail end of the swing rod is provided with a gas collecting assembly used for collecting a gas sample into a gas sample bottle, and the base is provided with a temperature control assembly driving the middle seat and the upper seat to synchronously and horizontally move according to temperature changes. By arranging the gas changing mechanism, the influence of temperature and gas pressure on the gas density is comprehensively considered, the sampling process is doubly corrected through the synergistic effect of the temperature control assembly and the pressure control assembly, and the sampling volume is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the actual quantity of the sampled gas is basically consistent under different environmental conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric environment detection devices, and particularly to an unmanned aerial vehicle-based atmospheric environment detection device. Background Technique

[0002] The information provided in this section is only background information related to the present disclosure, and it is not necessarily prior art.

[0003] In recent years, the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology has provided new solutions for atmospheric environment monitoring. Unmanned aerial vehicles have the characteristics of high flexibility, strong operability, and rapid deployment, and can break through terrain limitations to achieve three-dimensional monitoring of the atmospheric environment.

[0004] Chinese Patent (Publication No.: CN117538110B), this solution specifically includes: a small air pump is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the detection instrument, and one end of the small air pump is connected through an intake pipe; three sampling pipes are correspondingly assembled below the hollow column; a direction control intake mechanism is arranged at the side port of the intake pipe to improve the integrity of the internal components of the sample extraction; an inspection oscillation mechanism is arranged between the sampling pipe and the detection instrument. When controlling the mixing of the sample and the inspection liquid, the internal components in the sampling pipe are quickly and evenly mixed under the action of oscillation, accelerating the inspection of the sample. This sampling and inspection device for atmospheric environment observation is provided with two sets of sampling and inspection structures, which can switch to continuously carry out sampling and inspection operations, and can control the reciprocating oscillation of the sampling container during the inspection and the cleaning of the pipe wall.

[0005] In existing atmospheric environment detection devices, it is usually necessary to quantitatively sample the target gas to complete the detection. However, when such devices are used on unmanned aerial vehicles, due to the change in the flight altitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the gas density at different altitudes will vary significantly due to differences in air pressure and temperature. This difference will cause a deviation in the actual sampling volume when sampling a fixed volume of gas, thereby affecting the accuracy of the detection results. For example, as the flight altitude increases, the air density decreases, and the mass of gas contained in the same volume of gas sample will decrease. In addition, temperature changes will further exacerbate this deviation. Therefore, the existing fixed-volume sampling method may result in insufficient sample volume in unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric environment detection and cannot meet the requirements of precise detection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an unmanned aerial vehicle-based atmospheric environment detection device in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, which has the advantages of dynamically adjusting the sampling volume to ensure that the actual amount of sampled gas remains basically the same under different environmental conditions, and solves the problem that the existing fixed-volume sampling method may lead to insufficient sample volume in unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric environment detection.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An atmospheric environment detection device based on a drone, including a base provided on the drone housing and a gas sample bottle for storing sampled gas, and a variable gas mechanism for adjusting the actual amount of sampled gas according to the flight altitude and temperature change of the drone is provided on the base.

[0008] The variable gas mechanism includes a swing rod provided on the base, and an upper seat is further provided above the base. The upper seat includes an integrally formed support portion, and a support block is rotatably fixed on the support portion. The swing rod freely swings in the vertical direction with the support block as the swing center point, and a gas sampling component for collecting gas samples into the gas sample bottle is provided at the end of the swing rod.

[0009] A middle seat is provided on the base, and a first groove for the middle seat to slide horizontally is provided on the base. A second groove for the upper seat to slide horizontally is provided on the middle seat, and a temperature control component for driving the middle seat and the upper seat to move horizontally synchronously according to temperature change is provided on the base.

[0010] A positioning plate is fixedly connected to the base, and a pressure control component for driving the upper seat to slide relatively on the middle seat according to atmospheric pressure change is provided on the positioning plate.

[0011] Preferably, the gas sampling component includes a mounting bracket fixedly connected to the base. A sample return cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket. A sealing plate is provided on the sample return cylinder, and the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the sample return cylinder. The sample return cylinder includes an integrally formed air outlet port and an air inlet port. The air outlet port is connected to the gas sample bottle in a through manner, and the air inlet port is communicated with the external natural air. A set of one-way air valves are respectively provided on the air outlet port and the air inlet port.

[0012] A limiting block is provided on the mounting bracket, and a vertical sliding groove for the limiting block to slide vertically is provided on the mounting bracket. A piston rod is fixedly connected to the limiting block, and one end of the piston rod away from the limiting block is fixedly connected to the sealing plate.

[0013] A connecting rod is rotatably fixed on the limiting block, and one end of the connecting rod away from the limiting block is rotatably connected to the end of the swing rod.

[0014] Preferably, an eccentric disk that is freely rotatable in the vertical direction driven by a motor is provided on the base. The eccentric disk is rotatably fixed on the base, and a same-position pin is fixedly connected to one side of the head end of the swing rod facing the eccentric disk. A same-position groove for the same-position pin to slide and connect is provided on the eccentric disk.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure control component includes a V-shaped rod that swings freely in the horizontal direction. An extension plate is fixedly connected to the middle seat. The middle part of the V-shaped rod is rotatably fixed on the extension plate. A secondary pin is fixedly connected to one end of the V-shaped rod facing the upper seat. A secondary pin relief groove for the secondary pin to slide and connect is provided on the upper seat. The secondary pin relief groove guides the secondary pin to move in a direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the middle seat in the horizontal direction.

[0016] A rectangular hollow seat is fixedly connected to the positioning plate. A transverse rod is provided on the rectangular hollow seat and a receiving groove for the transverse rod to slide and connect is provided. A sealing airbag is placed in the receiving groove. The sealing airbag is filled with gas, and a fixed connection is provided between the sealing airbag and the transverse rod.

[0017] A main position guiding pin is fixedly connected to the V-shaped rod. A main position guiding groove for the main position guiding pin to slide and connect is provided on the transverse rod. The main position guiding groove guides the main position guiding pin to move in a direction parallel to the movement direction of the middle seat in the horizontal direction.

[0018] Preferably, the gas in the sealing airbag is hydrogen or helium.

[0019] Preferably, a sliding groove for the support block to slide and connect is provided on the swing rod. The support block is at one end close to the connecting rod in the initial state.

[0020] Preferably, the swing rod is in a horizontal state in the initial state.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature control component includes a holding block slidably arranged on the first groove body. First shape memory alloy springs and second shape memory alloy springs are respectively arranged on both horizontal sides of the holding block. Two ends of the first shape memory alloy spring are respectively fixedly connected to the middle seat and the holding block. Two ends of the second shape memory alloy spring are respectively fixedly connected to the holding block and the base.

[0022] Preferably, the deformation temperature thresholds of the first shape memory alloy spring and the second shape memory alloy spring are different. The temperature threshold of the first shape memory alloy spring is lower than the ground normal temperature, and the temperature threshold of the second shape memory alloy spring is higher than the ground normal temperature.

[0023] Preferably, multiple groups of the holding block, the first shape memory alloy spring and the second shape memory alloy spring on both sides of the holding block are provided.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

[0025] By setting a variable gas mechanism, the present invention comprehensively considers the influence of temperature and air pressure on gas density, and through the synergistic effect of the temperature control component and the pressure control component, double correction is carried out on the sampling process. By dynamically adjusting the sampling volume, it is ensured that the actual amount of the sampled gas remains basically the same under different environmental conditions, thereby providing more accurate sample data for subsequent atmospheric environment detection.

[0026] By setting a voltage-controlled component, the present invention utilizes the structure of a sealed airbag and a V-shaped rod to drive the upper seat to move horizontally according to the change in atmospheric pressure, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the swing rod. When the flight altitude of the drone increases and the air pressure decreases, the device will automatically increase the sampling volume to compensate for the decrease in gas density caused by the decrease in air pressure, thus improving the reliability and accuracy of the detection results.

[0027] By setting a temperature control component and arranging temperature memory alloys with different thresholds on the abutting block, the device of the present invention can adjust the sampling parameters in a timely manner according to different temperature changes. This design not only improves the accuracy of temperature compensation but also enhances the adaptability of the device to environmental changes, enabling the device to maintain stable sampling performance under complex meteorological conditions and altitude changes, and greatly improving the applicable range and reliability of the device.

[0028] Through the driving mechanical structure, the present invention can achieve the adaptive adjustment of the atmospheric sampling volume without power supply and electronic components, maintain high reliability under extreme temperature and electromagnetic interference environments, and has the advantages of light weight and low maintenance cost. It is especially suitable for long-term monitoring tasks in special scenarios such as high plateaus and deep space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the component where the swing rod of the present invention is located.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the component where the sealed airbag of the present invention is located.

[0033] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 An enlarged view of part B.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the component where the mounting bracket of the present invention is located.

[0035] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 An enlarged view of part C.

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the component where the eccentric disc of the present invention is located. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: 1 - base; 2 - middle seat; 3 - upper seat; 301 - support part; 4 - V-shaped rod; 5 - secondary position pin; 6 - secondary position relief groove; 7 - extension plate; 8, primary position guide pin; 9, primary position guide groove; 10 - transverse rod; 11 - rectangular hollow seat; 12 - sealed airbag; 13 - positioning plate; 14 - abutting block; 15 - first shape memory alloy spring; 16 - second shape memory alloy spring; 17 - support block; 18 - swing rod; 19 - sliding groove; 20 - eccentric disc; 21 - same position pin; 22 - same position groove; 23 - connecting rod; 24 - limiting block; 25 - mounting bracket; 26 - piston column; 27 - sealing plate; 28 - sample return cylinder; 29 - air outlet port.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , the present invention provides a technical solution: an atmospheric environment detection device based on a drone, including a base 1 provided on the drone housing and a gas sample bottle for storing sampled gas, and a variable gas mechanism for adjusting the actual amount of sampled gas according to the flight altitude and temperature change of the drone is provided on the base 1.

[0039] The variable gas mechanism includes a swing rod 18 provided on the base 1, and an upper seat 3 is further provided above the base 1. The upper seat 3 includes an integrally formed support part 301. A support block 17 is rotatably fixed on the support part 301. The swing rod 18 swings freely in the vertical direction with the support block 17 as the swing center point. A gas sampling assembly for collecting gas samples into the gas sample bottle is provided at the end of the swing rod 18.

[0040] A middle seat 2 is provided on the base 1, and a first groove for the middle seat 2 to slide horizontally is provided on the base 1. A second groove for the upper seat 3 to slide horizontally is provided on the middle seat 2. A temperature control component for driving the middle seat 2 and the upper seat 3 to move horizontally synchronously according to temperature change is provided on the base 1.

[0041] A positioning plate 13 is fixedly connected to the base 1, and a pressure control component for driving the upper seat 3 to slide relative to the middle seat 2 according to atmospheric pressure change is provided on the positioning plate 13.

[0042] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the base 1 is detachably connected to the drone housing through an external bracket. The collection of gas samples at different heights is achieved through the gas sampling assembly provided on the base 1. When the temperature changes, the temperature control component can drive the middle seat 2 to move horizontally, and the upper seat 3 provided on the middle seat 2 moves synchronously with the upper seat 3 at this time, thereby changing the horizontal positions of the support part 301 and the support block 17.

[0043] Meanwhile, the support block 17 is the central point for the swing rod 18 to swing freely in the vertical direction. Further, driven by the temperature control component, the horizontal position of the support block 17 changes, thereby changing the position of the central point when the swing rod 18 swings, and further changing the swing amplitude of the swing rod 18. Through the change of the swing amplitude of the swing rod 18, the gas volume of the gas sampling component during a single sampling is adjusted to ensure that when the temperature rises and the gas density decreases, the gas volume of a single sampling can be increased, so as to ensure that when there are temperature differences, the actual collected amount of the gas sample can be basically kept consistent, thereby correcting the sampling data for temperature factors to ensure the consistency of sampling.

[0044] Moreover, when the flight altitude of the drone is different, as the flight altitude of the drone gradually increases, the air density at a higher altitude will relatively decrease. Thus, driven by the pressure control component, the upper seat 3 can be urged to slide on the middle seat 2, and then a relative movement occurs between the middle seat 2 and the upper seat 3. During this process, the horizontal movement of the upper seat 3 changes the position of the support block 17, and further achieves the purpose of changing the swing amplitude of the swing rod 18. That is, when the flight altitude of the drone is higher, the gas volume of a single sampling of the gas sampling component will increase, and then the sampling data is corrected for atmospheric pressure factors. This dynamic adjustment mechanism can effectively cope with the air pressure fluctuations under complex meteorological conditions and altitude changes, ensure the stability and reliability of the sampling process, and combined with the correction process of temperature factors, can effectively reduce the sampling error caused by air density differences.

[0045] Among them, in order to ensure the stability during the change of the swing central point where the swing rod 18 is located, the swing rod 18 is in a horizontal state in the initial state. When the upper seat 3 moves in the horizontal direction, it can synchronously change the horizontal position of the support block 17 through the support part 301 thereon, and the base 1 is horizontally arranged, so as to be able to change the position of the swing central point of the swing rod 18. When the swing amplitude at the head end of the swing rod 18 remains unchanged, the purpose of changing the swing amplitude at the tail end of the swing rod 18 can be achieved, and through the change of the swing amplitude at the tail end of the swing rod 18, the gas volume of the gas sampling component during a single sampling is dynamically adjusted.

[0046] In a relatively preferred embodiment, the gas sampling component includes a mounting bracket 25 fixedly connected to the base 1. A sampling return cylinder 28 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 25. A sealing plate 27 is provided on the sampling return cylinder 28, and the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate 27 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the sampling return cylinder 28. The sampling return cylinder 28 includes an integrally formed air outlet port 29 and an air inlet port. The air outlet port 29 is connected in communication with the gas sample bottle, and the air inlet port is communicated with the external natural air.

[0047] A limiting block 24 is provided on the installation bracket 25, and a vertical chute for the vertical sliding of the limiting block 24 is provided on the installation bracket 25. A piston rod 26 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 24, and a fixed connection is provided between the end of the piston rod 26 away from the limiting block 24 and the sealing plate 27; A connecting rod 23 is rotatably fixed on the limiting block 24, and one end of the connecting rod 23 away from the limiting block 24 is rotatably fixed at the end of the swing rod 18.

[0048] An eccentric disc 20 that is driven by a motor to freely rotate in the vertical direction is provided on the base 1. The eccentric disc 20 is rotatably fixed on the base 1, and a co-location pin 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the head end of the swing rod 18 facing the eccentric disc 20. A co-location groove 22 for the sliding connection of the co-location pin 21 is provided on the eccentric disc 20.

[0049] As Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the motor is fixedly arranged on the base 1, and the eccentric disc 20 is driven by the motor to freely rotate in the vertical direction. Among them, the co-location pin 21 provided at the end of the swing rod 18 is slidably connected to the eccentric disc 20 through the co-location groove 22. Furthermore, when the eccentric disc 20 rotates, the position of the co-location pin 21 can be changed through the co-location groove 22, thereby driving the head end of the swing rod 18 to swing. Among them, the eccentric disc 20 rotates in a circle, and thus the swing amplitude of the head end of the swing rod 18 remains unchanged.

[0050] Meanwhile, when the swing rod 18 swings, it reciprocally swings with the support block 17 as the swing center point. By changing the relative positions of the support block 17 and the swing rod 18, the purpose of changing the swing amplitude of the end of the swing rod 18 is achieved on the premise that the swing amplitude of the head end of the swing rod 18 remains unchanged. At the same time, a freely deflectable connecting rod 23 is provided between the end of the swing rod 18 and the limiting block 24. Furthermore, when the swing rod 18 swings, the limiting block 24 can be driven by the connecting rod 23 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, thereby completing a single gas sampling operation.

[0051] Moreover, the limiting block 24 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 27 through the piston rod 26. Furthermore, when the sealing plate 27 reciprocates in the sample return cylinder 28, the external natural air can be extracted through the air inlet port at the bottom of the sample return cylinder 28, and the gas in the sample return cylinder 28 can be pushed into the gas sample bottle through the air outlet port 29 to complete the gas sampling process.

[0052] It should be noted that a set of one-way valves are respectively provided on the air outlet port 29 and the air inlet port, and the valve orifice directions of the two sets of one-way valves are opposite, thereby restricting the gas flow direction to ensure that the external gas can only enter the gas sample bottle through the sample return cylinder 28.

[0053] Based on the embodiment of the gas extraction component, the pressure control component includes a V-shaped rod 4 that swings freely in the horizontal direction. An extension plate 7 is fixedly connected to the middle seat 2. The middle part of the V-shaped rod 4 is rotatably fixed on the extension plate 7. One end of the V-shaped rod 4 facing the upper seat 3 is fixedly connected with a slave pin 5. A slave position relief groove 6 for the slave pin 5 to slide and connect is formed on the upper seat 3.

[0054] A rectangular hollow seat 11 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 13. A transverse rod 10 is provided on the rectangular hollow seat 11, and a receiving groove for the transverse rod 10 to slide and connect is formed. A sealing airbag 12 is placed in the receiving groove. The sealing airbag 12 is filled with gas, and the sealing airbag 12 and the transverse rod 10 are fixedly connected to each other.

[0055] A main position guide pin 8 is fixedly connected to the V-shaped rod 4. A main position guide groove 9 for the main position guide pin 8 to slide and connect is formed on the transverse rod 10.

[0056] A sliding position groove 19 for the support block 17 to slide and connect is formed on the swing rod 18. The support block 17 is at one end close to the connecting rod 23 in the initial state.

[0057] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, as the flight altitude of the drone increases, the atmospheric pressure at its location will decrease, and as the altitude rises, the density of the gas decreases. This drives the density of the gas in the sealing airbag 12 to decrease, causing the sealing airbag 12 to deform towards the side where the transverse rod 10 is located, and prompting the transverse rod 10 to move a certain distance on the rectangular hollow seat 11. The magnitude of this movement distance is related to the flight altitude of the drone.

[0058] At the same time, when the transverse rod 10 moves in the horizontal longitudinal direction, since the main position guide pin 8 on the V-shaped rod 4 is slidably connected to the transverse rod 10 through the main position guide groove 9, the V-shaped rod 4 can be driven to deflect a certain angle in the horizontal direction through the main position guide pin 8. At the same time, the slave pin 5 fixedly arranged on the V-shaped rod 4 is slidably connected to the upper seat 3 through the slave position relief groove 6. Therefore, when the V-shaped rod 4 deflects, the slave pin 5 can be driven to slide on the slave position relief groove 6, and the upper seat 3 can be driven to slide a certain distance on the V-shaped rod 4, thereby changing the horizontal position of the inner support block 17 through the movement process of the upper seat 3, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the swing amplitude at the end of the swing rod 18 and adjusting the volume of gas sampled by the gas extraction component each time.

[0059] It should be noted that during actual use, hydrogen or helium can be filled in the sealed airbag 12. The purpose is that hydrogen and helium have relatively low densities, high compressibility, and large buoyancy, making the sealed airbag 12 easier to expand in a low-pressure environment, thus making it easier to change the position of the driving block 17 on the swing rod 18. At the same time, the presence of hydrogen and helium can provide a certain buoyancy, thereby reducing the actual load of the drone during flight.

[0060] Based on the embodiment of the voltage control component, the temperature control component includes a holding block 14 slidably disposed on the first groove body. First shape memory alloy springs 15 and second shape memory alloy springs 16 are respectively provided on both horizontal sides of the holding block 14. Both ends of the first shape memory alloy spring 15 are fixedly connected to the middle seat 2 and the holding block 14 respectively, and both ends of the second shape memory alloy spring 16 are fixedly connected to the holding block 14 and the base 1 respectively.

[0061] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, a holding block 14 is slidably disposed on the base 1, and a shape memory alloy that undergoes elongation deformation according to different temperature thresholds is provided on the holding block 14. Therefore, when the temperature rises and drives the shape memory alloy corresponding to the threshold temperature to undergo elongation deformation, it can drive the middle seat 2 to move horizontally on the base 1.

[0062] At the same time, when the middle seat 2 slides on the base 1, since the V-shaped rod 4 is disposed on the extension plate 7 and the main position guiding groove 9 is horizontally arranged, the main position guiding pin 8 is slidably connected to the transverse rod 10 through the main position guiding groove 9. Therefore, when the middle seat 2 moves horizontally, it can drive the main position guiding pin 8 to slide on the main position guiding groove 9 through the V-shaped rod 4, so as to promote the upper seat 3 to move horizontally synchronously with the middle seat 2, thereby changing the horizontal position of the support portion 301 and the upper block 17 thereon, and further achieving the purpose of changing the swing center point of the swing rod 18.

[0063] It should be noted that during actual use, when gas sampling is carried out in an urban environment, the deformation threshold of the first shape memory alloy spring 15 can be set to 10 °C. When the ambient temperature is higher than 10 °C, the first shape memory alloy spring 15 elongates, driving the middle seat 2 to move to one side, increasing the swing amplitude of the swing rod 18, thereby increasing the sampled gas volume to compensate for the influence of gas density change; and the temperature threshold of the second shape memory alloy spring 16 can be set to 25 °C. When the ambient temperature is higher than 25 °C, the second shape memory alloy spring 16 elongates, driving the middle seat 2 to move further, thereby further increasing the swing amplitude of the swing rod 18 to further increase the sampled gas volume, and further compensating for the influence of the decrease in gas density at higher temperatures.

[0064] Among them, the temperature thresholds of the first shape memory alloy spring 15 and the second shape memory alloy spring 16 need to be set according to the temperature range of the actual application environment. By reasonably setting the thresholds, it is ensured that under different temperature conditions, the actual volume of the sampled gas can be appropriately increased as the temperature changes.

[0065] Meanwhile, multiple sets of abutting blocks 14 can be arranged on the base 1, and shape memory alloy springs with different thresholds are arranged between the multiple sets of abutting blocks 14, so as to ensure that when the sampling temperature changes, the horizontal position of the support block 17 can be changed in time, thereby improving the temperature compensation accuracy. At the same time, according to the seasonal temperature differences in the actual use area, the thresholds of multiple sets of shape memory alloy springs can be adaptively adjusted to ensure that when the gas sampling temperature fluctuates, the corresponding shape memory alloy springs can be deformed to timely adjust the actual gas sampling volume.

[0066] The present invention provides an idea and method for an atmospheric environment detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. There are many methods and ways to specifically implement this technical solution. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Each component not clearly defined in this embodiment can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. An atmospheric environment detection device based on a drone, comprising a base (1) arranged on the drone housing and an air sample bottle for storing sampled gas, characterized in that, A variable gas mechanism for adjusting the actual amount of sampled gas according to the flight altitude and temperature change of the drone is provided on the base (1). The variable gas mechanism includes a swing rod (18) provided on the base (1). An upper seat (3) is provided above the base (1). The upper seat (3) includes an integrally formed support portion (301). A support block (17) is rotatably connected to the support portion (301) about a fixed axis. The swing rod (18) swings freely in the vertical direction with the support block (17) as the swing center point. A gas sampling assembly for collecting gas samples into a gas sample bottle is provided at the end of the swing rod (18). A middle seat (2) is provided on the base (1), and a first groove for the middle seat (2) to slide horizontally in the transverse direction is formed on the base (1). A second groove for the upper seat (3) to slide horizontally in the transverse direction is formed on the middle seat (2). A temperature control assembly for driving the middle seat (2) and the upper seat (3) to move horizontally synchronously according to the temperature change is provided on the base (1). A positioning plate (13) is fixedly connected to the base (1), and a pressure control assembly for driving the upper seat (3) to slide relative to the middle seat (2) according to the atmospheric pressure change is provided on the positioning plate (13).

2. The atmospheric environment detection device based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas sampling assembly includes a mounting bracket (25) fixedly connected to the base (1). A sample return cylinder (28) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (25). A sealing plate (27) is provided on the sample return cylinder (28), and the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate (27) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the sample return cylinder (28). The sample return cylinder (28) includes an integrally formed air outlet port (29) and an air inlet port. The air outlet port (29) is connected to the gas sample bottle in a through manner, and the air inlet port is communicated with the external natural air. A set of one-way air valves are respectively provided on the air outlet port (29) and the air inlet port. A limiting block (24) is provided on the mounting bracket (25). A vertical sliding groove for the limiting block (24) to slide vertically is formed on the mounting bracket (25). A piston rod (26) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (24). One end of the piston rod (26) away from the limiting block (24) is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (27). A connecting rod (23) is rotatably connected to the limiting block (24) about a fixed axis. One end of the connecting rod (23) away from the limiting block (24) is rotatably connected to the end of the swing rod (18) about a fixed axis.

3. The atmospheric environment detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, wherein, An eccentric disk (20) that rotates freely in the vertical direction driven by a motor is provided on the base (1). The eccentric disk (20) is rotatably connected to the base (1). A same-position pin (21) is fixedly connected to the side of the swing rod (18) facing the eccentric disk (20) at the head end. A same-position groove (22) for the same-position pin (21) to slide and connect is formed on the eccentric disk (20).

4. The atmospheric environment detection device based on a drone according to claim 3, characterized in that The voltage-controlled component includes a V-shaped rod (4) that swings freely in the horizontal direction. An extension plate (7) is fixedly connected to the middle seat (2). The middle part of the V-shaped rod (4) rotates on the extension plate (7) around a fixed axis. One end of the V-shaped rod (4) facing the upper seat (3) is fixedly connected with a slave position pin (5). A slave position relief groove (6) for the slave position pin (5) to slide through is formed on the upper seat (3). The slave position relief groove (6) guides the slave position pin (5) to move in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the middle seat (2). A rectangular hollow seat (11) is fixedly connected to the positioning plate (13). A transverse rod (10) is provided on the rectangular hollow seat (11), and a receiving groove for the transverse rod (10) to slide through is formed. A sealing airbag (12) is placed in the receiving groove. The sealing airbag (12) is filled with gas, and the sealing airbag (12) is fixedly connected to the transverse rod (10). A main position guiding pin (8) is fixedly connected to the V-shaped rod (4). A main position guiding groove (9) for the main position guiding pin (8) to slide through is formed on the transverse rod (10). The main position guiding groove (9) guides the main position guiding pin (8) to move in the horizontal direction parallel to the movement direction of the middle seat (2).

5. The atmospheric environment detection device based on a drone according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gas in the sealing airbag (12) is hydrogen or helium.

6. The drone-based atmospheric environment detection device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, A sliding groove (19) for the support block (17) to slide through is formed on the swing rod (18). The support block (17) is at one end close to the connecting rod (23) in the initial state.

7. The drone-based atmospheric environment detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The swing rod (18) is in a horizontal state in the initial state.

8. The atmospheric environment detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control component includes a holding block (14) slidably arranged on the first groove body. First shape memory alloy springs (15) and second shape memory alloy springs (16) are respectively arranged on the two horizontal sides of the holding block (14). Two ends of the first shape memory alloy spring (15) are respectively fixedly connected to the middle seat (2) and the holding block (14). Two ends of the second shape memory alloy spring (16) are respectively fixedly connected to the holding block (14) and the base (1).

9. The atmospheric environment detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The deformation temperature thresholds of the first shape memory alloy spring (15) and the second shape memory alloy spring (16) are different.

10. The drone-based atmospheric environment detection device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The holding block (14) and the first shape memory alloy springs (15) and second shape memory alloy springs (16) on both sides of the holding block (14) are arranged in multiple groups.

Images