Rainwater splash erosion device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rainfall splash erosion device which comprises a raindrop injector, a camera, a distribution disc, an adjusting rod, a cleaning device and a pressure gauge, the camera is fixedly installed below the raindrop injector, the distribution disc is fixedly installed on one side of the raindrop injector, the distribution disc is arranged below the camera, and the adjusting rod is fixedly installed on the other side of the raindrop injector. A plurality of groups of adjusting rods are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the distribution disc, the heights and sizes of all the groups of adjusting rods are the same, a cleaning device is fixedly mounted on one side of the distribution disc and arranged below the raindrop injector, a pressure gauge is fixedly arranged below the distribution disc, and the pressure gauge is arranged below the distribution disc. The pressure gauge is arranged between the distribution disc and the adjusting rod; according to the device, from the perspective of raindrops, the angle is more microscopic, the soil erosion and soil carrying process can be obviously reflected from the mechanism, the slope-shaped factor is considered from the external factor, and the distribution disc is designed to be in a multi-layer adjustable form, so that the device is more in line with the field situation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of splash erosion rainfall experiments, and particularly to a rainfall splash erosion device. Background Art

[0002] Splash erosion is the initial stage of hydraulic erosion and the main driving force for soil destruction, erosion, and transportation. Simulated rainfall experiments are the main research methods. Currently, research devices for splash erosion include experimental devices that can adjust rainfall height and slope, devices for simulating rainfall intensity, and soil splash erosion devices under simulated wind environments. However, for the judgment of the degree of splash erosion, the above experimental devices are basically based on macroscopic indicators such as splash erosion amount. From the essence of splash erosion, when each raindrop falls on the soil, what is the distribution of the soil particles splashed out by the raindrop on the slope surface, and how the soil particles move, and the physical parameters involved in the movement still have great research value.

[0003] In Chinese Patent 202322759952.9, only the splash erosion effect can be resisted by driving the splash erosion plate to move through the adjustment component, and the movement trajectory and distribution of the splashed soil cannot be reflected by a high-precision camera. Therefore, the present invention proposes a rainfall splash erosion device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a rainfall splash erosion device. Starting from the perspective of raindrops, the angle is more microscopic, which can significantly reflect the process of soil erosion and soil transportation from the mechanism. Considering the slope shape factor in external factors, the distribution plate is designed in a multi-layer adjustable form, which is more in line with the field situation.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A rainfall splash erosion device includes a raindrop injector, a camera, a distribution plate, an adjustment rod, a cleaning device, and a pressure device. A camera is fixedly installed below the raindrop injector. A distribution plate is fixedly installed on one side of the raindrop injector. The distribution plate is arranged below the camera. A plurality of groups of adjustment rods are fixedly installed at the bottom of the distribution plate. The height of each group of adjustment rods is the same. A cleaning device is fixedly installed on one side of the distribution plate. The cleaning device is arranged below the raindrop injector. A pressure device is fixedly arranged below the distribution plate. The pressure device is arranged between the distribution plate and the adjustment rod. There are multiple groups of distribution plates, and the size specifications of each group of distribution plates are the same. The inside of the pressure device is electrically connected to an external power supply.

[0006] Further improvement lies in that: The camera is a high-precision camera. There are multiple groups of cameras and no less than two groups. The cameras are respectively arranged beside the injection port of the raindrop injector and outside the experimental device.

[0007] A further improvement lies in that the pressure device is arranged on the distribution plate in the form of a circular trapezoid with different small angles.

[0008] A further improvement lies in that an external water tank is fixedly installed below the rain droplet injector, a constant pressure water tank is fixedly installed above the external water tank, and the rain droplet injector is arranged on one side of the constant pressure water tank.

[0009] A further improvement lies in that a water pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the constant pressure water tank, the other side of the water pipe is connected to the external water tank, a communicating pipe is fixedly connected and installed on one side of the constant pressure water tank, and the communicating pipe is connected and communicated with the rain droplet injector.

[0010] A further improvement lies in that a splash erosion platform is fixedly arranged below the distribution plate, and the splash erosion platform is composed of various small distribution plates.

[0011] A further improvement lies in that the high-precision camera beside the injection port of the rain droplet injector is installed at a top-down angle, and the camera outside the experimental device is installed at a horizontal angle.

[0012] A further improvement lies in that a fixed platform is fixedly installed below the camera outside the experimental device, and the fixed platform is used for fixedly installing the camera.

[0013] A further improvement lies in that a fixing plate is fixedly installed on the back of the rain droplet injector, and fixing holes are arranged on the front surface of the fixing plate.

[0014] A further improvement lies in that an opening groove is formed on the top of the external water tank, and the opening groove is adapted to the water pipe.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By the mutual cooperation of the rain droplet injector, the camera, the distribution plate, the adjusting rod, the cleaning device and the pressure device, compared with the conventional splash erosion simulation device, this device starts from the perspective of raindrops, with a more microscopic angle, and can significantly reflect the processes of soil erosion and soil transportation from the mechanism. Considering the slope factor in external factors, the distribution plate is designed in a multi-layer adjustable form, which is more in line with the field situation. Through the pressure device and the camera, physical parameters such as the speed, kinetic energy, and impact force of the splashed soil can be directly obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 Overall schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the injection port camera of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the distribution plate of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1, raindrop injector; 2, camera; 3, distribution plate; 4, adjusting rod; 5, cleaning device; 6, pressure device; 7, external water tank; 8, constant pressure water tank; 9, water pipe; 10, connecting pipe; 11, splash erosion platform; 12, fixed platform; 13, fixing plate; 14, fixing hole; 15, opening groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0023] In Document 202322759952.9, only by providing an angle measurement unit between the top plate and the frame body, the angle measurement unit can measure the included angle of the top plate relative to the horizontal plane in real time. The driving assembly includes a telescopic driving member, and both ends of the driving member are respectively hinged to the other side of the top plate and the frame body. The driving member that can expand and contract relative to itself can drive the top plate to rotate within an included angle of 0° - 90° relative to the horizontal plane. The splash erosion assembly includes a splash erosion plate, and the splash erosion plate is detachably connected to the top plate. The top plate can drive the splash erosion plate to rotate relative to the horizontal plane, and the included angle between the splash erosion plate and the horizontal plane can be measured in real time through the angle measurement unit, so that the splash erosion plate can simulate the degree of soil erosion by rainfall at different slopes. However, in this application, the movement trajectory and distribution of the soil splashed out are reflected by a high-precision camera, and the movement parameters are reflected by the plate pressure device on the distribution plate and the photos of the camera.

[0024] According to Figure 1 、Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown in Figure 3 , this embodiment provides a rainfall splash erosion device, which includes a rain droplet injector 1, a camera 2, a distribution plate 3, an adjusting rod 4, a cleaning device 5 and a pressure gauge 6. By precisely controlling the volume and falling speed of rain droplets through the rain droplet injector 1, the impact of rain droplets of different sizes and intensities on the soil surface can be simulated, and the influence of rain droplets on soil splash erosion can be studied, including how factors such as rain droplet size, rainfall intensity, soil sample slope and initial soil moisture content affect the splash erosion amount, so as to obtain more reliable and reproducible experimental data. A camera 2 is fixedly installed below the rain droplet injector 1, and a distribution plate 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the rain droplet injector 1. The distribution plate 3 is arranged below the camera 2. By adjusting the height of the adjusting rod 4, the inclination angle and height of each layer of the distribution plate 3 can be changed, so as to achieve the change of the slope shape. A plurality of groups of adjusting rods 4 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the distribution plate 3, and the height of each group of adjusting rods 4 is the same. By adjusting the height of the adjusting rod 4, the inclination angle and height of each layer of the distribution plate 3 can be changed, so as to achieve the change of the slope shape. A cleaning device 5 is fixedly installed on one side of the distribution plate 3. The cleaning device 5 is arranged below the rain droplet injector 1. The cleaning device 5 can clean the soil after it has been distributed and photographed. A pressure gauge 6 is fixedly arranged below the distribution plate 3. The pressure gauge 6 is arranged between the distribution plate 3 and the adjusting rod 4. There are multiple groups of distribution plates 3, and the size specifications of each group of distribution plates 3 are the same. The inside of the pressure gauge 6 is electrically connected to an external power supply. There is current inside the pressure gauge 6. In the absence of external pressure, the magnitude of the current is constant. Since the internal resistance size is proportional to the magnitude of the external pressure, when the pressure gauge 6 receives an impact force, the internal resistance will increase correspondingly, resulting in a decrease in the corresponding current. The magnitude of the impact force is determined according to the peak value of the current change.

[0025] The camera 2 is a high-precision camera 2. There are multiple groups of cameras 2 and no less than two groups. The cameras 2 are respectively arranged beside the injection port of the rain droplet injector 1 and outside the experimental device.

[0026] The pressure gauge 6 is arranged on the distribution plate 3 in a circular trapezoid with different small angles.

[0027] An external water tank 7 is fixedly installed below the rain droplet injector 1, and a constant pressure water tank 8 is fixedly installed above the external water tank 7. The rain droplet injector 1 is arranged on one side of the constant pressure water tank 8.

[0028] A water pipe 9 is fixedly installed at the top of the constant pressure water tank 8. The other side of the water pipe 9 is connected to the external water tank 7. A communicating pipe 10 is fixedly connected and installed on one side of the constant pressure water tank 8. The communicating pipe 10 is connected and communicated with the rain droplet injector 1. When the water level of the constant pressure water tank 8 continuously drops with the dripping of the device, water will be continuously input from the external water tank, so as to keep the water level of the constant pressure water tank 8 unchanged, thus ensuring that the size of the water droplets remains unchanged.

[0029] A splash erosion platform 11 is fixedly arranged below the distribution plate 3, which is responsible for presenting the splash erosion distribution. The splash erosion platform 11 is composed of each small distribution plate 3.

[0030] The high-precision camera 2 beside the injection port of the raindrop injector 1 is installed at a top-down angle, which can record the horizontal movement of each soil particle splashed by the raindrop. The camera 2 outside the experimental device is installed at a horizontal angle, which can record the vertical movement of each soil particle splashed by the raindrop.

[0031] A fixed platform 12 is fixedly installed below the camera 2 outside the experimental device, and the fixed platform 12 is used for fixedly installing the camera 2.

[0032] A fixing plate 13 is fixedly installed on the back of the raindrop injector 1. Through the setting of the fixing plate 13, the raindrop injector 1 is installed and used. A fixing hole 14 is arranged on the front of the fixing plate 13, and through the setting of the fixing hole 14, it is convenient to detachably install and use the raindrop injector 1.

[0033] An opening groove 15 is opened at the top of the external water tank 7. The opening groove 15 is adapted to the water pipe 9, and the bottom of the water pipe 9 is installed through the opening groove 15.

[0034] When the rainfall splash erosion device is in use, before the experiment, the soil sample is placed in the distribution plate with a smaller area on the top. According to the experimental requirements, in the same layer of distribution plate 3, the height of the corresponding adjusting rod of this distribution plate 3 can be adjusted to realize the change in the slope of the distribution plate 3. By adjusting the height of each layer of distribution plate 3 in this way, different slope shapes are formed. The external water tank 7 conveys water into the constant pressure water tank, and a drop of rain is injected through the rain droplet injector 1. At the same time, the external high-precision camera 2 will start continuous shooting. When the raindrop falls on the soil sample, the soil particles will tend to move outwards in a similar oblique projectile motion due to the impact of the raindrop. Since the area of the topmost distribution plate is small, the soil particles splashed by the raindrop will not be blocked by the soil at the edge, but will fall onto the distribution plate with a set gradient. At this time, the continuous shooting of the external camera 2 ends, and the camera 2 next to the injection port takes pictures of the distribution of the splashed soil particles. The pressure sensor on the distribution plate has its power turned on before the experiment, and the current magnitude is at a constant value. In the above process, after the soil particles are splashed out by the raindrop and fall on the pressure sensor 6, due to the gravity of the soil particles themselves and the continuously increasing speed during the fall, the impact force when just falling on the pressure sensor 6 will reach the maximum, so the resistance of the pressure sensor 6 also reaches the maximum, thus making the current reach a minimum value. After that, since the falling speed returns to zero, the force acting on the pressure sensor 6 is only the gravity of the soil particles, and the value of the current will continue to be constant. When the experiment is completed, the cleaning device 5 on both sides of the distribution plate 3 will be activated. By rotating the brush and changing the position of the brush, the distributed soil particles are cleaned. Through the photos of the external camera 2, the movement trajectory of the soil particles can be known. Through the camera 2 next to the injection port, the distribution of the splashed soil particles can be obtained, and according to the highest point in the movement process of the soil particles in the photo, by calculating the impact energy of the soil particles, by

[0035]

[0036] calculating the magnitude and direction of the speed of the soil particles falling on the pressure sensor, and then using the current change diagram of the pressure sensor 6, according to the peak value and the constant value on the current diagram, the resistance value is determined. Since the resistance is proportional to the pressure, F 冲 =KR to calculate the impact force falling on the pressure plate.

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rainfall splash erosion device, comprising a raindrop injector (1), a camera (2), a distribution plate (3), an adjusting rod (4), a cleaning device (5) and a pressure device (6), characterized in that: A camera (2) is fixedly installed below the raindrop syringe (1); a distribution plate (3) is fixedly installed on one side of the raindrop syringe (1); the distribution plate (3) is arranged below the camera (2); a plurality of groups of adjustment rods (4) are fixedly installed on the bottom of the distribution plate (3); the height of each group of adjustment rods (4) is the same; a cleaning device (5) is fixedly installed on one side of the distribution plate (3); the cleaning device (5) is arranged below the raindrop syringe (1); a pressure device (6) is fixedly installed below the distribution plate (3); the pressure device (6) is arranged between the distribution plate (3) and the adjustment rod (4); a plurality of distribution plates (3) are provided; the size of each group of distribution plates (3) is the same; the interior of the pressure device (6) is electrically connected to an external power supply.

2. The rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cameras (2) are high-precision cameras (2). The cameras (2) are provided in multiple groups and are no less than two groups. The cameras (2) are respectively provided beside the injection port of the raindrop injector (1) and outside the experimental device.

3. The rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure device (6) is arranged on the distribution plate (3) in the shape of a circular trapezoid with different small angles.

4. A rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An external water tank (7) is fixedly installed below the raindrop injector (1), a constant pressure water tank (8) is fixedly installed above the external water tank (7), and the raindrop injector (1) is arranged on one side of the constant pressure water tank (8).

5. The rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water pipe (9) is fixedly installed on the top of the constant pressure water tank (8), the other side of the water pipe (9) is connected to the external water tank (7), and a connecting pipe (10) is fixedly installed on one side of the constant pressure water tank (8), and the connecting pipe (10) is connected to the raindrop injector (1).

6. The rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sputtering platform (11) is fixedly provided below the distribution plate (3), and the sputtering platform (11) is composed of various small distribution plates (3).

7. The rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-precision camera (2) next to the injection port of the raindrop syringe (1) is installed at a top-down angle, and the camera (2) outside the experimental device is installed at a level-viewing angle.

8. The rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixed platform (12) is fixedly installed below the camera (2) outside the experimental device, and the fixed platform (12) is used to fix and install the camera (2).

9. The rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing plate (13) is fixedly mounted on the back of the raindrop injector (1), and a fixing hole (14) is provided on the front of the fixing plate (13).

10. A rainfall splash erosion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the external water tank (7) is provided with an opening slot (15), and the opening slot (15) and the water pipe (9) are adapted to each other.

Images