Portable cable material detector and use method

Abstract

The invention provides a portable cable material detector and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of cable detection, the system comprises an emitter and a receiver; each of the transmitter and the receiver comprises a shell, a circuit board is arranged in each shell, and a controller is arranged on each circuit board; a shell of the transmitter is provided with a transmitting port, a shell of the receiver is provided with a receiving port, a controller of the transmitter is connected with a light transmitting module, and a controller of the receiver is connected with a light receiving module, a resistance detection module and a temperature detection module; and the receiver receives a reflected light signal of the light emitted to the detected cable by the emitter, outputs a cable material analysis result through a cable material detection model, and carries out cable fault identification and early warning in combination with the resistivity and temperature of the detected cable. According to the invention, through integration of optical signal emission and reception, resistivity detection, temperature detection and remote communication functions, rapid and accurate detection of cable materials and real-time early warning of faults are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cable detection, and particularly relates to a portable cable material detector and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industries such as electric power and communication, cables, as key components for transmitting electric energy and signals, the stability of their quality and performance is becoming increasingly important. Once a cable fails, it often leads to serious consequences, such as equipment damage, production interruption, or even casualties. Therefore, it is necessary to quickly, accurately, and reliably detect the cable material and identify existing and potential cable faults.

[0003] However, traditional cable detection methods are cumbersome to operate, inefficient, and it is difficult to obtain accurate and timely detection results, which to a certain extent restricts the development of industries such as electric power and communication. Specifically, most of the existing cable detection devices on the market are large in volume and complex to operate, not suitable for on-site rapid detection. At the same time, these devices also have certain limitations in terms of detection accuracy and reliability, and often cannot accurately identify the subtle differences in cable materials, thus affecting the accuracy of the detection results. In addition, traditional detection methods usually require sending cable samples to a laboratory for analysis, which is not only time-consuming and laborious but also cannot meet the requirements of on-site detection.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a portable, efficient, and accurate cable material detection instrument to meet the requirements of the electric power, communication, etc. industries for cable quality control and fault prevention and to satisfy the detection needs in different scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a portable cable material detector, including a transmitter and a receiver; The transmitter includes a first housing, with a transmitting port provided on the outer side of the first housing. A first circuit board is provided inside the first housing, and a first controller is provided on the first circuit board. The first controller is connected to an optical emission module, and the optical emission module is arranged facing the transmitting port; The receiver includes a second housing, with a receiving port provided on the outer side of the second housing. A second circuit board is provided inside the second housing, and a second controller is provided on the second circuit board. The second controller is connected to an optical receiving module, a resistance detection module, and a temperature detection module, and the optical receiving module is arranged facing the receiving port; The first controller controls the optical emission module to emit an optical signal towards the cable to be measured. The second controller collects the reflected optical signal of the cable to be measured through the optical receiving module, and then identifies the optical characteristics of the cable to be measured through a preset cable material detection model, and outputs the cable material analysis result; The second controller also collects the resistivity of the cable under test through a resistance detection module, collects the temperature of the cable under test through a temperature detection module, and then combines the cable material analysis result to identify and give early warnings about cable faults.

[0006] Further, the light emission module includes an LED light source, a power adjustment unit, and a light emission channel; The LED light source is arranged at the first end of the light emission channel, and the second end of the light emission channel is arranged at the emission port of the first housing; The power adjustment unit is connected to the first controller; A first power supply is also arranged on the first circuit board. The first power supply is connected to both the power adjustment unit and the first controller, and the power adjustment unit is also connected to the LED light source; The first controller is also connected to a first power button, a power adjustment button, and a light emission button. The first power button, the power adjustment button, and the light emission button are arranged on the surface of the first housing; The first controller receives a power-on instruction through the first power button, controls the LED light source to emit light through the light emission button, and receives a power adjustment instruction through the power adjustment button. According to the power adjustment instruction, the first controller adjusts the current of the LED light source through the power adjustment unit, and further adjusts the power of the LED light source.

[0007] Further, the light reception module includes a light reception channel; The first end of the light reception channel is arranged at the reception port of the second housing, and a light detection array is arranged at the second end of the light reception channel. The light detection array is arranged on the second circuit board; A diaphragm assembly and a grating assembly are sequentially arranged on the light reception channel along the direction from the reception port to the light detection array; A light signal processing module and a second power supply are also arranged on the second circuit board. The light signal processing module is connected to the second controller; The second power supply is connected to both the light signal processing module and the second controller; The second controller is also connected to a second power button and a light reception button. The second power button and the light reception button are arranged on the surface of the second housing; The second controller receives a power-on instruction through the second power button, and controls the light signal processing module to start light signal processing through the light reception button.

[0008] Further, the second controller extracts spectral data from the processed light signal, identifies the change of light wave intensity with wavelength, and obtains absorption spectrum characteristics; The second controller inputs the absorption spectrum characteristics of the cable to be tested into a pre-configured cable material detection model, and outputs a cable material analysis result; The second controller determines the standard resistivity of the cable to be measured according to the cable type in the cable material analysis result, then compares it with the collected resistivity, and combines the collected cable temperature to determine whether there is a fault in the cable to be measured, whether there is a potential fault, and identifies the fault type.

[0009] Further, the resistance detection module includes a constant current unit, a voltage acquisition unit, a first acquisition terminal, and a second acquisition terminal; The first end of the constant current unit is connected to the first acquisition terminal through a current output line, and the second end of the constant current unit is connected to the second acquisition terminal through a current input line; The first end of the voltage acquisition unit is connected to the first acquisition terminal through a voltage output line, and the second end of the voltage acquisition unit is connected to the second acquisition terminal through a voltage output line; The current output line, the current input line, the voltage input line, and the voltage output line are the same in length and thickness; The constant current unit is connected to both the second controller and the second power supply, and the voltage acquisition unit is connected to both the second controller and the second power supply; The first acquisition terminal and the second acquisition terminal are arranged on the surface of the second housing.

[0010] Further, the temperature detection module includes a temperature sensor contact, and the temperature sensor contact is arranged on the surface of the second housing; The temperature sensor contact is connected to the second controller.

[0011] Further, the second controller is also connected with a positioning module and a communication module; The second controller determines the real-time position of the cable to be measured through the positioning module, receives the cable material detection model sent by the remote monitoring system through the communication module, and uploads the cable material analysis result of the cable to be measured and the cable fault identification and early warning analysis result to the remote monitoring system.

[0012] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for using a portable cable material detector, including the following steps: S1. Pre-collect the spectral characteristics of known cable types, construct a training data set, and use the training data set to train the cable material detection model, and then send the trained cable material model to the second controller of the receiver; S2. Use the transmitter to emit an optical signal to the cable under test, use the receiver to receive the optical signal reflected by the cable under test, and use the receiver to collect the resistivity and temperature data of the cable under test; S3. The second controller of the receiver analyzes the received optical signal to obtain the absorption spectral characteristics, inputs the absorption spectral characteristics into the cable material detection model to output the cable material analysis result, and then combines the resistivity and temperature data of the cable under test to perform power fault identification and early warning.

[0013] Further, the specific steps of step S1 are as follows: S11. Pre-collect the spectral characteristics of known cable types, set cable type labels, and construct a data set; S12. Divide the data set into a training set and a test set according to a set ratio; S13. Select the support vector machine as the model algorithm, construct an SVM model, determine the radial basis kernel as the kernel function, and set the penalty parameter and the parameters of the kernel function; S14. Use the training set to train the SVM model and adjust the parameters during the training process for iteration; S15. Use the test set to evaluate the cable type labels predicted by the SVM model and the actual cable type labels, and adjust the penalty parameter and the parameters of the kernel function according to the evaluation results until the SVM model passes the evaluation, and obtain a trained cable material detection model.

[0014] Further, the specific steps of step S2 are as follows: S21. Set the emission port of the transmitter to face the cable under test, and set the light-emitting channel at an angle to the cable under test; S22. Set the receiving port of the receiver to face the cable under test, and the receiving channel is symmetric with the vertical line of the cable under test with respect to the transmitting channel, and the receiving port can receive the light emitted by the transmitting port; S23. Use the temperature sensing point of the receiver to contact the cable under test to collect the temperature of the cable under test; S24. Connect the first end of the cable under test to the first acquisition terminal, connect the second end of the cable under test to the second acquisition terminal, and the second controller collects the current data and voltage data of the cable under test and calculates the resistivity of the cable under test; The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: S31. The second controller of the receiver extracts spectral data from the processed optical signal, identifies the change of light wave intensity with wavelength, and obtains the absorption spectral characteristics; S32. The second controller inputs the absorption spectral characteristics of the cable to be tested into the pre-configured cable material detection model and outputs the cable material analysis result; S33. The second controller determines the standard resistivity of the cable to be tested according to the cable type in the cable material analysis result, and obtains the historical resistivity of the cable to be tested; S34. The second controller compares the resistivity of the cable to be tested collected with the standard resistivity and the historical resistivity; When the resistivity of the cable under test is greater than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and it increases within the current set time period, it is determined that there is a short circuit or a poor connection inside the cable under test; When the resistivity of the cable under test is greater than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and it increases according to the service time, it is determined that the insulating layer of the cable under test is aged; When the resistivity of the cable under test is less than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and the temperature of the cable under test is higher than the temperature threshold, it is determined that there is an internal short circuit or grounding fault in the cable under test; S35. The second controller determines the real-time position of the cable under test through the positioning module; S36. The second controller reports the real-time position of the cable under test, the cable material analysis result, and the cable fault identification result to the remote monitoring system through the communication module.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: In the portable cable material detector and its usage method provided by the present application, by integrating functions such as optical signal transmission and reception, resistivity detection, temperature detection, and remote communication, rapid and accurate detection of cable materials and real-time early warning of faults are achieved. This detector has portability, high efficiency, and precision, and can meet the high requirements of the power, communication and other industries for cable quality control and fault prevention. At the same time, by constructing a training data set and training a cable material detection model, the accuracy and reliability of the detection are improved. The usage method of this detector is detailed and easy to operate, providing support for cable material and fault detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the transmitter of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the receiver of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a control schematic diagram of the transmitter of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a control schematic diagram of the receiver of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the resistance detection module of the receiver of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the optical emission channel and the optical reception channel of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 Circuit schematic diagram of the optical signal processing module of the receiver of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 Circuit schematic diagram of the constant current unit of the receiver of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 Circuit schematic diagram of the voltage acquisition unit of the receiver of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 Flow schematic diagram of the usage method of the portable cable material detector of the present invention.

[0027] Specific description of reference numerals: 1. Transmitter; 2. Receiver; 3. Emission port; 4. Reception port; 5. First controller; 6. Second controller; 7. Optical emission module; 8. Optical reception module; 9. Resistance detection module; 9.1 Constant current unit; 9.2 Voltage acquisition unit; 9.3 First acquisition terminal; 9.4 Second acquisition terminal; 10. Temperature detection module; 11. First power button; 12. Power adjustment button; 13. Light emission button; 14. Second power button; 15. Light reception button; 16. Optical signal processing module; 17. Second power supply; 18. Positioning module; 19. Positioning module; 20. Remote monitoring system; 21. Cable under test; 22. LED light source; 23. Optical detection array; 24. Diaphragm assembly; 25. Grating assembly. Specific embodiments

[0028] In the following, the portable cable material detector will be described in detail, and various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described more comprehensively. The present disclosure may have various embodiments, and adjustments and changes may be made therein. However, it should be understood that there is no intention to limit the various embodiments of the present disclosure to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but the present disclosure should be understood to cover all adjustments, equivalents and / or alternative solutions falling within the spirit and scope of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] Exemplarily speaking, with the vigorous progress of the power and communication fields, as a core component for power and signal transmission, the quality and performance stability of cables have become increasingly critical. Once a cable failure occurs, it may cause serious consequences such as equipment damage, production stagnation, and even casualties. Therefore, fast, accurate, and reliable cable material detection and fault identification technologies are particularly important.

[0030] However, traditional cable detection methods face numerous challenges, such as cumbersome operation processes, low efficiency, and difficulty in ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of detection results. These problems have, to a certain extent, hindered the further development of industries such as power and communication. Most of the cable detection equipment on the current market is bulky and complex to operate, making it difficult to achieve rapid detection on-site. At the same time, these devices also have limitations in terms of detection accuracy and reliability, and it is difficult to accurately distinguish the subtle differences in cable materials, thus affecting the accuracy of detection results. In addition, traditional detection methods usually require sending cable samples to a laboratory for detailed analysis, which is time-consuming and laborious and cannot meet the needs of on-site immediate detection.

[0031] In view of this, there is an urgent need for a portable, efficient, and accurate cable material detection instrument to meet the urgent needs of industries such as power and communication for cable quality control and fault prevention, and at the same time adapt to detection tasks in different scenarios.

[0032] In response to the above problems, this embodiment provides a portable cable material detector. This detector integrates functions such as optical signal emission and reception, resistivity detection, temperature monitoring, and remote communication, achieving rapid and accurate detection of cable materials and real-time early warning of faults. It combines portability, efficiency, and accuracy, meets the high standards of industries such as power and communication, and improves detection accuracy through a data training model. Moreover, the operation method is simple, providing technical support for cable detection.

[0033] In the following, the term "comprising" or "may comprise" that can be used in various embodiments of the present disclosure indicates the presence of the disclosed functions, operations, or elements, and does not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations, or elements. In addition, as used in various embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "comprising", "having" and their cognates are only intended to indicate specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing items, and should not be construed as first excluding the existence or addition of the possibility of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing items.

[0034] Expressions (such as "first", "second", etc.) used in various embodiments of the present disclosure may modify various components in various embodiments, but do not limit the corresponding components. For example, the above expressions do not limit the order and / or importance of the components. The above expressions are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one element from other elements. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present disclosure, the first element may be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element may also be referred to as the first element.

[0035] It should be noted that: If a description "connects" one component to another component, the first component can be directly connected to the second component, and a third component can be "connected" between the first component and the second component. Conversely, when a component is "directly connected" to another component, it can be understood that there is no third component between the first component and the second component.

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Shown is a portable cable material detector in a specific embodiment, including a transmitter 1 and a receiver 2; The transmitter 1 includes a first housing, a transmission port 3 is provided on the outer side of the first housing, a first circuit board is provided inside the first housing, a first controller 5 is provided on the first circuit board, the first controller 5 is connected to an optical emission module 7, and the optical emission module 7 is arranged towards the transmission port 3; The receiver 2 includes a second housing, a receiving port 4 is provided on the outer side of the second housing, a second circuit board is provided inside the second housing, a second controller 6 is provided on the second circuit board, the second controller 6 is connected to an optical receiving module 8, a resistivity detection module 9 and a temperature detection module 10, and the optical receiving module 8 is arranged towards the receiving port 4; The first controller 5 controls the optical emission module 7 to emit an optical signal towards the cable to be measured, the second controller 6 collects the reflected optical signal of the cable to be measured through the optical receiving module 8, then identifies the optical characteristics of the cable to be measured through a preset cable material detection model, and outputs a cable material analysis result; The second controller 6 also collects the resistivity of the cable to be measured through the resistivity detection module 9, collects the temperature of the cable to be measured through the temperature detection module 10, and then combines the cable material analysis result to identify and give an early warning of cable faults.

[0038] Furthermore, as a refinement and extension of the specific implementation manner of the above embodiment, in order to completely illustrate the specific implementation process in this embodiment, another portable cable material detector is provided, including a transmitter 1 and a receiver 2; The transmitter 1 includes a first housing, a transmission port 3 is provided on the outer side of the first housing, a first circuit board is provided inside the first housing, a first controller 5 is provided on the first circuit board, the first controller 5 is connected to an optical emission module 7, and the optical emission module 7 is arranged towards the transmission port 3; The receiver 2 includes a second housing. A receiving port 4 is provided on the outer side of the second housing. A second circuit board is provided inside the second housing. A second controller 6 is provided on the second circuit board. The second controller 6 is connected to an optical receiving module 8, a resistance detection module 9, and a temperature detection module 10. The optical receiving module 8 is arranged facing the receiving port 4; The first controller 5 controls the optical transmitting module 7 to emit an optical signal towards the cable under test. The second controller 6 collects the reflected optical signal of the cable under test through the optical receiving module 8, and then identifies the optical characteristics of the cable under test through a preset cable material detection model, and outputs the cable material analysis result; The second controller 6 also collects the resistivity of the cable under test through the resistance detection module 9, and collects the temperature of the cable under test through the temperature detection module 10, and then combines the cable material analysis result to identify and give an early warning of cable faults; As Figure 6 shown, the optical transmitting module 7 includes an LED light source 22, a power adjustment unit, and a light emitting channel; The LED light source 22 is arranged at the first end of the light emitting channel, and the second end of the light emitting channel is arranged at the emission port of the first housing; The power adjustment unit is connected to the first controller 5; A first power supply is further provided on the first circuit board. The first power supply is connected to both the power adjustment unit and the first controller 5. The power adjustment unit is also connected to the LED light source 22; As Figure 3 shown, the first controller 5 is further connected to a first power button 11, a power adjustment button 12, and a light emitting button 13. The first power button 11, the power adjustment button 12, and the light emitting button 13 are arranged on the surface of the first housing; The first controller 5 receives a power-on instruction through the first power button 11, controls the LED light source 22 to emit light through the light emitting button 13, and receives a power adjustment instruction through the power adjustment button 12, and adjusts the current of the LED light source 22 through the power adjustment unit according to the power adjustment instruction, thereby adjusting the power of the LED light source 22; The optical receiving module 8 includes a light receiving channel; The first end of the light receiving channel is arranged at the receiving port of the second housing, and the second end of the light receiving channel is provided with a light detection array 23. The light detection array 23 is arranged on the second circuit board; The light receiving channel is sequentially provided with a diaphragm assembly 24 and a grating assembly 25 along the direction from the receiving port to the light detection array 23; A light signal processing module 16 and a second power supply 17 are further provided on the second circuit board. The light signal processing module 16 is connected to the second controller 6; The second power supply 17 is connected to both the light signal processing module 16 and the second controller 6; As Figure 4As shown, the second controller 6 is also connected to a second power button 14 and a light receiving button 15, and the second power button 14 and the light receiving button 15 are arranged on the surface of the second housing; The second controller 6 receives a power-on instruction through the second power button 14, and controls the optical signal processing module 16 to start optical signal processing through the light receiving button 15; The second controller 6 extracts spectral data from the processed optical signal, identifies the change of light wave intensity with wavelength, and obtains the absorption spectrum characteristics; The second controller 6 inputs the absorption spectrum characteristics of the cable to be measured into a pre-configured cable material detection model, and outputs the cable material analysis result; The second controller 6 determines the standard resistivity of the cable to be measured according to the cable type in the cable material analysis result, then compares it with the collected resistivity, and combines the collected cable temperature to judge whether there is a fault in the cable to be measured, whether there is a potential fault, and identifies the fault type; As Figure 5 shown, the resistance detection module 9 includes a constant current unit 9.1, a voltage acquisition unit 9.2, a first acquisition terminal 9.3 and a second acquisition terminal 9.4; The first end of the constant current unit 9.1 is connected to the first acquisition terminal 9.3 through a current output line, and the second end of the constant current unit 9.1 is connected to the second acquisition terminal 9.4 through a current input line; The first end of the voltage acquisition unit 9.2 is connected to the first acquisition terminal 9.3 through a voltage output line, and the second end of the voltage acquisition unit 9.2 is connected to the second acquisition terminal 9.4 through a voltage output line; The current output line, the current input line, the voltage input line and the voltage output line have the same length and thickness; The constant current unit 9.1 is connected to both the second controller 6 and the second power supply 17, and the voltage acquisition unit 9.2 is connected to both the second controller 6 and the second power supply 17; The first acquisition terminal 9.3 and the second acquisition terminal 9.4 are arranged on the surface of the second housing; The temperature detection module 10 includes a temperature sensor contact, and the temperature sensor contact is arranged on the surface of the second housing; The temperature sensor contact is connected to the second controller 6; The second controller 6 is also connected to a positioning module 18 and a communication module 19; The second controller 6 determines the real-time position of the cable to be measured through the positioning module 18, receives the cable material detection model sent by the remote monitoring system 20 through the communication module 19, and uploads the cable material analysis result of the cable to be measured and the cable fault identification and early warning analysis result to the remote monitoring system 20.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the optical signal processing module 16, a possible embodiment will be given below to non - restrictively elaborate on its specific implementation scheme.

[0040] As Figure 7 shown, the optical signal processing module 16 includes an operational amplifier A1, an operational amplifier U2, an operational amplifier A3, a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, and a diode D4; The first end of the optical detection array 23 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1, and the second end of the optical detection array 23 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A2; The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1. The output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D1, and a resistor R1 is connected. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D3 and the negative electrode of the diode D4, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A3. The non - inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is grounded; The inverting input of the operational amplifier A2 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D2. The output terminal of the operational amplifier A2 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D2, and a resistor R2 is connected. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D3 and the positive electrode of the diode D4, and is connected to the non - inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A3. The non - inverting input of the operational amplifier A2 is grounded; The positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A1 and the positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A2 are connected to the power supply VCC1. The negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A1 and the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A2 are grounded; The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A3 is further connected to a resistor R3. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A3, and a resistor R5 is connected. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the power supply VCC1; The non - inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A3 is further connected to a resistor R4. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A3 and is grounded. The output terminal of the operational amplifier A3 is connected to the second controller 6.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the constant - current unit 9.2, a possible embodiment will be given below to non - restrictively elaborate on its specific implementation scheme.

[0042] As Figure 8 shown, the constant - current unit 9.2 includes a first voltage conversion chip U1, a triode Q1, and an operational amplifier A4; The input terminal of the first voltage conversion chip U1 is connected to the power supply VCC1, the grounding terminal of the first voltage conversion chip U1 is grounded, the output terminal of the first voltage conversion chip U1 is connected with a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with a sliding resistor RS and is connected to the collector of the triode Q1, and the other end of the sliding resistor RS is grounded; The base of the triode Q1 is connected to the second controller 6, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A4, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A4 is connected to the second acquisition terminal 9.4 and is connected with a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier A4 is connected to the first acquisition terminal 9.3; The positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A4 is connected to the power supply VCC1, and the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A4 is grounded.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the voltage acquisition unit 9.1, a possible embodiment will be given below to non-restrictively elaborate on its specific implementation scheme.

[0044] As Figure 9 shown, the voltage acquisition unit 9.1 includes a second voltage conversion chip U2, an operational amplifier A5, an operational amplifier A6, a diode D5, and a diode D6; The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A5 is connected with a resistor R8, a resistor R9, and a capacitor C1. The other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the first acquisition terminal 9.3, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier A5; The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A5 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and the second acquisition terminal 9.4 and is grounded; The output terminal of the operational amplifier A5 is also connected with a resistor R10. The other end of the resistor R10 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A6 and is connected with a resistor R11. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A6 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier A6 and is connected with a resistor R12; The other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the output terminal of the second voltage conversion chip U2 and is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D5; The input terminal of the second voltage conversion chip U2 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the grounding terminal of the second voltage conversion chip U2 is grounded; The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D6, the positive electrode of the diode D5, and the second controller 6 and is connected with a capacitor C2. The other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, and the positive electrode of the diode D6 is grounded; The positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A5 and the positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A6 are both connected to the power supply VCC, and the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A5 and the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier A6 are both grounded.

[0045] AsFigure 10 As shown in Figure 10 , the following is an embodiment of the method for using a portable cable material detector provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. This method for use and the portable cable material detector in the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. For the details not described in detail in the embodiment of the method for using a portable cable material detector, reference may be made to the embodiments of the above portable cable material detector.

[0046] A method for using a portable cable material detector includes the following steps: S1. Pre-collect the spectral characteristics of known cable types, construct a training data set, and use the training data set to train a cable material detection model. Then, send the trained cable material model to the second controller of the receiver. S2. Use the transmitter to emit an optical signal to the cable under test, use the receiver to receive the optical signal reflected by the cable under test, and use the receiver to collect the resistivity and temperature data of the cable under test. S3. The second controller of the receiver analyzes the received optical signal to obtain the absorption spectral characteristics, inputs the absorption spectral characteristics into the cable material detection model to output the cable material analysis result, and then combines the resistivity and temperature data of the cable under test to perform power failure identification and early warning.

[0047] Further, as a refinement and extension of the specific implementation manner of the above embodiment, in order to fully illustrate the specific implementation process in this embodiment, another method for using a portable cable material detector is provided, including the following steps: S1. Pre-collect the spectral characteristics of known cable types, construct a training data set, and use the training data set to train a cable material detection model. Then, send the trained cable material model to the second controller of the receiver. The specific steps of step S1 are as follows: S11. Pre-collect the spectral characteristics of known cable types, set cable type labels, and construct a data set. S12. Divide the data set into a training set and a test set according to a set ratio. S13. Select the support vector machine as the model algorithm, construct an SVM model, determine the radial basis kernel as the kernel function, and set the penalty parameter and the parameters of the kernel function. S14. Use the training set to train the SVM model, and adjust the parameters during the training process for iteration. S15. Use the test set to evaluate the cable type labels predicted by the SVM model and the actual cable type labels, and adjust the penalty parameter and the parameters of the kernel function according to the evaluation results until the SVM model passes the evaluation to obtain the trained cable material detection model. Exemplarily, the construction and training process of the cable material detection model is given as follows: First, we need to prepare a dataset of spectral characteristics of known cable types and set cable type labels for them. Assuming we have N cable types and M samples of each type, our dataset can be represented as: D ={( x 1, y 1),( x 2, y 2),...,( x N×M , y N×M )} Among them, x i is the spectral feature vector of the i-th sample, y i is the corresponding cable type label; Secondly, we select the support vector machine (SVM) as the model algorithm and the radial basis function (RBF) as the kernel function. The goal of the SVM model is to find a hyperplane that separates samples of different categories as much as possible. The RBF kernel function can map the input data into a high-dimensional space, making it easier to find such a hyperplane. The mathematical form of the SVM model can be expressed as:

[0048] in, is the RBF kernel function, defined as:

[0049] α i and b are model parameters, obtained through the training process; Third, during the training process, we need to adjust the penalty parameter C and the kernel function parameter γ to minimize the classification error rate of the model; this is usually achieved through cross-validation; The optimization goal of the training process can be expressed as:

[0050] At the same time, the constraints are met:

[0051] , i=1,2,…n; Then, use the test set to evaluate the trained SVM model and calculate the classification accuracy, recall rate and other indicators; if the evaluation results are not ideal, you can adjust C and γ and retrain the model; Thus, a trained SVM model is obtained, whose parameters include α i 、b , C and γ ; This model is the cable material detection model used to predict the cable type corresponding to the spectral characteristics of unknown cables. Finally, for a new cable sample, input its spectral characteristics into the trained SVM model cable material detection model to obtain the predicted output:

[0052] Among them, is the predicted cable type label, is the spectral feature vector of the new cable sample; S2. Use a transmitter to emit an optical signal to the cable under test, use a receiver to receive the optical signal reflected by the cable under test, and use the receiver to collect the resistivity and temperature data of the cable under test; The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: S21. Set the emission port of the transmitter to face the cable under test, and set the light-emitting channel at an angle to the cable under test. S22. Set the receiving port of the receiver to face the cable under test, and the receiving channel is symmetric to the vertical line of the cable under test with respect to the emission channel, and the receiving port can receive the light emitted by the emission port. S23. Use the temperature sensing point of the receiver to contact the cable under test to collect the temperature of the cable under test. S24. Connect the first end of the cable under test to the first collection terminal, connect the second end of the cable under test to the second collection terminal, and the second controller collects the current data and voltage data of the cable under test and calculates the resistivity of the cable under test. S3. The second controller of the receiver analyzes the received optical signal to obtain the absorption spectral characteristics, inputs the absorption spectral characteristics into the cable material detection model to output the cable material analysis result, and then combines the resistivity and temperature data of the cable under test for power failure identification and early warning; The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: S31. The second controller of the receiver extracts spectral data from the processed optical signal, identifies the change of light wave intensity with wavelength, and obtains the absorption spectral characteristics. S32. The second controller inputs the absorption spectral characteristics of the cable to be tested into the pre-configured cable material detection model to output the cable material analysis result. S33. The second controller determines the standard resistivity of the cable to be tested according to the cable type in the cable material analysis result, and obtains the historical resistivity of the cable to be tested. S34. The second controller compares the resistivity of the cable to be tested collected with the standard resistivity and the historical resistivity. When the resistivity of the cable under test is greater than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and it increases within the currently set time period, it is determined that there is a short circuit or poor disconnection inside the cable under test; When the resistivity of the cable under test is greater than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and it increases according to the usage time, it is determined that the insulation layer of the cable under test is aging; When the resistivity of the cable under test is less than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and the temperature of the cable under test is higher than the temperature threshold, it is determined that there is an internal short circuit or ground fault in the cable under test; S35. The second controller determines the real-time position of the cable under test through the positioning module; S36. The second controller reports the real-time position of the cable under test, the cable material analysis result, and the cable fault identification result to the remote monitoring system through the communication module.

[0053] It should be understood that the magnitudes of the sequence numbers of the steps in the above embodiments do not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable cable material detector, characterized in that, It includes a transmitter and a receiver; The transmitter includes a first housing. There is a transmitting port on the outer side of the first housing. There is a first circuit board inside the first housing. There is a first controller on the first circuit board. The first controller is connected to an optical emission module, and the optical emission module is arranged towards the transmitting port; The receiver includes a second housing. There is a receiving port on the outer side of the second housing. There is a second circuit board inside the second housing. There is a second controller on the second circuit board. The second controller is connected to an optical receiving module, a resistance detection module and a temperature detection module, and the optical receiving module is arranged towards the receiving port; The first controller controls the optical emission module to emit an optical signal towards the cable under test. The second controller collects the reflected optical signal of the cable under test through the optical receiving module, then identifies the optical characteristics of the cable under test through a preset cable material detection model, and outputs the cable material analysis result; The second controller also collects the resistivity of the cable under test through the resistance detection module, collects the temperature of the cable under test through the temperature detection module, and then combines the cable material analysis result to identify and give an early warning of cable faults.

2. The portable cable material detector according to claim 1, wherein The optical emission module includes an LED light source, a power adjustment unit and a light emitting channel; The LED light source is arranged at the first end of the light emitting channel, and the second end of the light emitting channel is arranged at the transmitting port of the first housing; The power adjustment unit is connected to the first controller; There is also a first power supply on the first circuit board. The first power supply is connected to both the power adjustment unit and the first controller, and the power adjustment unit is also connected to the LED light source; The first controller is also connected to a first power button, a power adjustment button and a light emitting button. The first power button, the power adjustment button and the light emitting button are arranged on the surface of the first housing; The first controller receives a power-on instruction through the first power button, controls the LED light source to emit light through the light emitting button, and receives a power adjustment instruction through the power adjustment button. According to the power adjustment instruction, the first controller adjusts the current of the LED light source through the power adjustment unit, and then adjusts the power of the LED light source.

3. The portable cable material detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical receiving module includes a light receiving channel; The first end of the light receiving channel is arranged at the receiving port of the second housing, and the second end of the light receiving channel is provided with an optical detection array, and the optical detection array is arranged on the second circuit board; The light receiving channel is sequentially provided with a diaphragm assembly and a grating assembly along the direction from the receiving port to the optical detection array; There is also an optical signal processing module and a second power supply arranged on the second circuit board. The optical signal processing module is connected to the second controller; The second power supply is connected to both the optical signal processing module and the second controller; The second controller is also connected to a second power button and a light receiving button. The second power button and the light receiving button are arranged on the surface of the second housing; The second controller receives a power-on instruction through the second power button, and controls the optical signal processing module to start optical signal processing through the light receiving button.

4. The portable cable material detector according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second controller extracts spectral data from the processed optical signal, identifies the change of light wave intensity with wavelength, and obtains the absorption spectral characteristics; The second controller inputs the absorption spectral characteristics of the cable to be tested into a pre-configured cable material detection model, and outputs the cable material analysis result; The second controller determines the standard resistivity of the cable to be measured according to the cable type in the cable material analysis result, then compares it with the collected resistivity, and combines the collected cable temperature to judge whether there is a fault in the cable to be measured, whether there is a potential fault, and identifies the fault type.

5. The portable cable material detector according to claim 1, wherein The resistance detection module includes a constant current unit, a voltage acquisition unit, a first acquisition terminal and a second acquisition terminal; The first end of the constant current unit is connected to the first acquisition terminal through a current output line, and the second end of the constant current unit is connected to the second acquisition terminal through a current input line; The first end of the voltage acquisition unit is connected to the first acquisition terminal through a voltage output line, and the second end of the voltage acquisition unit is connected to the second acquisition terminal through a voltage output line; The current output line, the current input line, the voltage input line and the voltage output line are the same in length and thickness; The constant current unit is connected to both the second controller and the second power supply, and the voltage acquisition unit is connected to both the second controller and the second power supply; The first acquisition terminal and the second acquisition terminal are arranged on the surface of the second housing.

6. The portable cable material detector according to claim 1, wherein The temperature detection module includes a temperature sensor contact, and the temperature sensor contact is arranged on the surface of the second housing; The temperature sensor contact is connected to the second controller.

7. The portable cable material detector according to claim 1, wherein, The second controller is also connected with a positioning module and a communication module; The second controller determines the real-time position of the cable to be measured through the positioning module, receives the cable material detection model sent by the remote monitoring system through the communication module, and uploads the cable material analysis result of the cable to be measured and the cable fault identification and early warning analysis result to the remote monitoring system.

8. A method for using a portable cable material detector, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Pre-collect the spectral characteristics of known cable types, construct a training data set, and use the training data set to train the cable material detection model, and then send the trained cable material model to the second controller of the receiver; S2. Use the transmitter to emit an optical signal to the cable under test, use the receiver to receive the optical signal reflected by the cable under test, and use the receiver to collect the resistivity and temperature data of the cable under test; S3. The second controller of the receiver analyzes the received optical signal to obtain the absorption spectral characteristics, inputs the absorption spectral characteristics into the cable material detection model to output the cable material analysis result, and then combines the resistivity and temperature data of the cable under test to perform power fault identification and early warning.

9. The method for using a portable cable material detector as claimed in claim 8, wherein The specific steps of step S1 are as follows: S11. Pre-collect the spectral characteristics of known cable types, set cable type labels, and construct a data set; S12. Divide the data set into a training set and a test set according to a set ratio; S13. Select the support vector machine as the model algorithm, construct an SVM model, determine the radial basis kernel as the kernel function, and set the penalty parameter and the parameters of the kernel function; S14. Use the training set to train the SVM model, and adjust the parameters during the training process for iteration; S15. Use the test set to evaluate the cable type labels predicted by the SVM model and the actual cable type labels, and adjust the penalty parameter and the parameters of the kernel function according to the evaluation results until the SVM model passes the evaluation to obtain the trained cable material detection model.

10. The method for using the portable cable material detector according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: S21. Set the emission port of the transmitter to face the cable under test, and set the light-emitting channel at an angle to the cable under test; S22. Set the receiving port of the receiver to face the cable under test, and make the receiving channel symmetrical to the vertical line of the cable under test with respect to the transmitting channel, so that the receiving port can receive the light emitted by the emission port; S23. Use the temperature sensing point of the receiver to contact the cable under test to collect the temperature of the cable under test; S24. Connect the first end of the cable under test to the first acquisition terminal, and connect the second end of the cable under test to the second acquisition terminal. The second controller collects the current data and voltage data of the cable under test and calculates the resistivity of the cable under test; The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: S31. The second controller of the receiver extracts spectral data from the processed optical signal, identifies the change of light wave intensity with wavelength, and obtains the absorption spectrum characteristics; S32. The second controller inputs the absorption spectrum characteristics of the cable to be tested into the pre-configured cable material detection model and outputs the cable material analysis result; S33. The second controller determines the standard resistivity of the cable to be tested according to the cable type in the cable material analysis result and obtains the historical resistivity of the cable to be tested; S34. The second controller compares the resistivity of the cable to be tested collected with the standard resistivity and the historical resistivity; When the resistivity of the cable under test is greater than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and it increases within the current set time period, it is determined that there is a short circuit or poor connection inside the cable under test; When the resistivity of the cable under test is greater than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and it increases according to the usage time, it is determined that the cable under test has insulation layer aging; When the resistivity of the cable under test is less than the standard resistivity, the difference from the standard resistivity is greater than the set threshold, and the temperature of the cable under test is higher than the temperature threshold, it is determined that there is an internal short circuit or ground fault in the cable under test; S35. The second controller determines the real-time position of the cable under test through the positioning module; S36. The second controller reports the real-time position of the cable under test, the cable material analysis result and the cable fault identification result to the remote monitoring system through the communication module.

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