Permeation electromagnetic ultrasonic nondestructive testing method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and discloses a permeation electromagnetic ultrasonic nondestructive testing method which specifically comprises the following steps: S1, pretreatment; s2, performing multifunctional cleaning; s3, permeation and electromagnetic ultrasonic detection; s4, observing and analyzing an electromagnetic ultrasonic signal; s5, the test piece is put into a multifunctional cleaning tank, the surface of the test piece is cleaned with a water gun with pressure, the pressure of the water gun is smaller than or equal to 0.27 MPa, and the cleaning time is 2-5 min; s6, soaking and cleaning; s7, electric heating drying; s8, spraying developing powder; s9, observing and analyzing permeation defect display; s10, comprehensive evaluation: further evaluating composite defects of the test piece by combining evaluation results in the steps S4 and S9, and completing comprehensive nondestructive evaluation of surface open defects, surface and near-surface defects and internal defects of the test piece; s11, ultrasonic cleaning is conducted; and S12, electric heating drying. According to the permeation electromagnetic ultrasonic nondestructive testing method, the detection of surface, subsurface and internal defects of the test piece can be considered, so that the defect detection capability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of non-destructive testing, and particularly relates to a penetrant electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method. Background Art

[0002] The penetrant non-destructive testing method is to penetrate the test piece. Under capillary action, after a certain period of time, the penetrant can penetrate into the surface opening defects. Then, the excess penetrant on the surface of the workpiece is removed. After drying, a developer is sprayed on the surface of the workpiece. Similarly, under capillary action, the developer will attract the penetrant in the defects. Finally, under the irradiation of a certain light source, the penetrant trace at the defect is displayed, so as to detect the defects on the surface of the test piece. Penetrant testing can only detect the surface opening defects of materials or components, and cannot detect near-surface and internal defects. For test pieces with both existing surface opening defects and near-surface and internal composite defects, they cannot be detected simultaneously. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new penetrant testing method. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that penetrant testing can only detect the surface opening defects of materials or components and cannot detect near-surface and internal defects.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A penetrant electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method specifically includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Pretreatment: Remove the excess substances such as rust and scale on the test piece by mechanical and physical means;

[0007] S2. Multi-functional cleaning: Place the test piece in a multi-functional cleaning tank, clean the test piece with pressured water, and then dry it;

[0008] S3. Penetration and electromagnetic ultrasonic testing;

[0009] S4. Observe and analyze the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals;

[0010] S5. Place the test piece in a multi-functional cleaning tank and clean the surface with a pressured water gun. The pressure of the water gun is ≤0.27 MPa, and the cleaning time is 2 - 5 min.

[0011] S6. Immersion cleaning;

[0012] S7. Electrothermal drying;

[0013] S8. Spray developer powder;

[0014] S9. Observe and analyze the penetrant defect display;

[0015] S10. Comprehensive evaluation: Combining the evaluation results in steps S4 and S9, further evaluate the composite defects of the specimen to complete the comprehensive non-destructive evaluation of the surface opening defects, surface and near-surface defects, and internal defects of the specimen;

[0016] S11. Ultrasonic cleaning;

[0017] S12. Electrothermal drying.

[0018] Furthermore, the specific steps of S3 are as follows:

[0019] S301. Place the specimen in the penetrant tank, closely attach the high-frequency coil to the surface of the specimen, and place the magnet on the surface of the high-frequency coil. One end of the high-frequency coil is connected to the excitation signal source, the other end is connected to the A / D converter, and the other end of the A / D converter is connected to the oscilloscope;

[0020] S302. When the specimen is being penetrated, pass alternating current through the high-frequency coil to generate eddy currents on the surface of the specimen. Under the action of the static magnetic field generated by the magnet, the charged particles on the surface of the specimen are deflected and vibrated by the magnetic force to form ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic oscillations prompt the penetrant to wash away the dirt in the defects at the opening of the specimen, and at the same time replace the oil and water in the defects, enabling the penetrant to smoothly penetrate into the defects;

[0021] S303. Move the high-frequency coil and the magnet sequentially on the surface of the specimen to perform a full-round scan and detection of the specimen, and collect the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals at various positions of the specimen.

[0022] Furthermore, the specific steps of S4 are as follows:

[0023] S401. Under a fluorescent lamp, transmit the collected electromagnetic ultrasonic signals into the oscilloscope, and separate and extract the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals in the oscilloscope. Among them, the separated eddy current signals are used to detect the surface and near-surface defects of the specimen, and the separated ultrasonic signals are used to detect the internal defects of the specimen;

[0024] S402. Mark the position, size, and nature of the defects with a marker pen at the judged defect locations, and analyze the quantification, qualification, and location of the defects to draw conclusions;

[0025] S403. Remove components such as the high-frequency coil and the magnet.

[0026] Furthermore, the specific steps of S6 are as follows:

[0027] S601. Place the specimen in the immersion tank to clean the excess penetrant on the surface of the specimen;

[0028] S602. The immersion tank is filled with warm water at 10 - 30 °C, and the cleaning time is 10 - 20 min;

[0029] S603. If a local area of the specimen is not cleaned thoroughly, use a pressurized water gun to further clean the local area.

[0030] Furthermore, the specific steps of S7 are as follows:

[0031] S701: Place the test piece in a fully enclosed heat circulation air drying oven for drying.

[0032] S702: The temperature of the drying oven is 50 - 80 °C, and the drying time is 5 - 15 min to complete the drying.

[0033] Furthermore, the specific steps of S8 are as follows:

[0034] S801: Place the dried test piece in a closed developer powder tank.

[0035] S802: There is a blowing port outside the developer tank. Use an air gun to lift the developer powder in the tank. The number of blowing times is 2 - 3 times, and the blowing time for each time is 1 - 2 s.

[0036] S803: Wait for 15 - 30 min. The developer powder descends to completely cover the surface of the test piece. The developer powder adsorbs the penetrant in the cracks of the test piece through capillary action to form a defect indication.

[0037] Furthermore, the specific steps of S9 are as follows:

[0038] S901: The inspector wears protective equipment and enters a dark room.

[0039] S902: Use an ultraviolet intensity meter to measure the ultraviolet intensity. At a distance of 380 mm from the light source, the ultraviolet intensity is not less than 1000 μW / cm².

[0040] S903: In the dark room, turn on the black light and observe the test piece in all directions. Yellow - green stripes are formed at the defect of the test piece. Carefully identify and determine.

[0041] S904: If there is doubt about the defect judgment, wipe it with a cloth dipped in acetone, and then gently and evenly spray the developer powder. After waiting for a few minutes, if the yellow - green stripes disappear, it indicates a false defect; if the yellow - green stripes do not disappear, it indicates a defect.

[0042] S905: Mark the position, size, and nature of the defect with a marker pen at the judged defect, and analyze the defect quantitatively, qualitatively, and positionally to draw a conclusion.

[0043] Furthermore, the specific steps of S11 are as follows:

[0044] S1101: Place the test piece in an ultrasonic cleaning tank and use ultrasonic waves to clean the developer powder and penetrant on the surface of the test piece.

[0045] S1102: The ultrasonic cleaning tank is filled with warm water at 30 - 40 °C, and the cleaning time is 10 - 20 min.

[0046] S1103. If the penetrant on the test piece layout is not cleaned thoroughly, use a water gun to further clean the local area, and finally use an air gun with compressed air to remove the excess moisture on the test piece.

[0047] Furthermore, the specific steps of S12 are as follows:

[0048] S1201. Place the test piece in a drying oven with fully enclosed hot circulating air for drying;

[0049] S1202. The temperature of the drying oven is 60 - 70 °C, and the drying time is 30 - 40 min to complete the drying.

[0050] The present invention has the following advantages: The penetrant electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing can take into account the detection of surface, subsurface and internal defects of the test piece, thereby improving the defect detection ability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the penetrant electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0052] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0053] As Figure 1 shown, the penetrant electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0054] S1 Pretreatment: Remove the excess substances such as rust and scale on the test piece by mechanical and physical means.

[0055] S2 Multifunctional cleaning: Place the test piece in a multifunctional cleaning tank, clean the test piece with pressured water, and then dry it.

[0056] S3 Penetration and electromagnetic ultrasonic testing, the specific steps are as follows:

[0057] S301 Place the test piece in the penetrant tank, press the high-frequency coil tightly against the surface of the test piece, place the magnet on the surface of the high-frequency coil, one end of the high-frequency coil is connected to the excitation signal source, the other end is connected to the A / D converter, and the other end of the A / D converter is connected to the oscilloscope;

[0058] S302 When the test piece is being penetrated, an alternating current is passed through the high-frequency coil. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, eddy currents are generated on the surface of the test piece. Under the action of the static magnetic field generated by the magnet, the charged particles on the surface of the test piece are deflected and vibrated by the magnetic force to form ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic waves promote the penetrant to wash away the defect dirt at the opening of the test piece, and at the same time replace the oil and water in the defects, so that the penetrant can smoothly penetrate into the defects. The ultrasonic waves improve the penetration ability, thereby improving the penetration testing sensitivity;

[0059] S303 Move the high-frequency coil and the magnet successively. According to the above S303 steps, scan and detect the test piece in all directions, and collect the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals at various positions of the test piece.

[0060] S4 Observe and analyze the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals. The specific steps are as follows:

[0061] S401 Under a fluorescent lamp, transmit the collected electromagnetic ultrasonic signals into an oscilloscope, and separate and extract the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals in the oscilloscope. Among them, the separated eddy current signals are mainly used to detect surface and near-surface defects of the test piece; the separated ultrasonic signals are mainly used to detect internal defects of the test piece;

[0062] S402 Mark the position, size and nature of the defect with a marker pen at the judged defect, and make an analysis on the quantification, qualification and positioning of the defect to draw a conclusion;

[0063] S403 Remove components such as the high-frequency coil and the magnet.

[0064] S5 Multifunctional cleaning: Put the test piece into a multifunctional cleaning tank, and clean the surface with a water gun with pressure. The pressure of the water gun ≤ 0.27 MPa, and the cleaning time is 2 - 5 min.

[0065] S6 Immersion cleaning. The specific steps are as follows:

[0066] S601 Place the test piece in an immersion tank to clean the excess penetrant on the surface of the test piece; [[ID=2�]]

[0067] S602 The immersion tank is provided with warm water in the range of (10 - 30) °C, and the cleaning time range is (10 - 20) min;

[0068] S602 If a part of the test piece is not cleaned cleanly, use a water gun with pressure to further clean the part.

[0069] S7 Electrothermal drying. The specific steps are as follows:

[0070] S701 Place the test piece in a drying oven with fully enclosed hot circulating air for drying;

[0071] S702 The temperature range of the drying oven is (50 - 80) °C, and the drying time is (5 - 15) min to complete drying.

[0072] S8 Spray developer powder. The specific steps are as follows:

[0073] S801 Place the dried test piece in a closed developer powder tank;

[0074] S802 There is a blowing port outside the developer tank. Use an air gun to lift the developer powder in the tank. The number of blowing times is (2 - 3) times, and the blowing time for each time is (1 - 2) s;

[0075] Wait for (15 - 30) min for S803. The developer powder descends and completely covers the surface of the test piece. The developer powder adsorbs the penetrant in the cracks of the test piece through capillary action to form a defect indication.

[0076] S9 Observe and analyze the penetrant defect indications. The specific steps are as follows:

[0077] S901 The inspector wears protective equipment and enters the darkroom. The eyes need to adapt for 5 min.

[0078] S902 Use an ultraviolet intensity meter to measure the ultraviolet intensity. At a distance of 380 mm from the light source, the ultraviolet intensity is not less than 1000 μW / cm2.

[0079] S903 In the darkroom, turn on the black light and observe the test piece in all directions. Yellow - green stripes are formed at the defect locations of the test piece. Observe carefully and identify.

[0080] S904 If there is any doubt about defect judgment, wipe it with a cloth dipped in acetone, then gently and evenly spray the developer powder. After waiting for a few minutes, if the yellow - green stripes disappear, it indicates a false defect; if the yellow - green stripes do not disappear, it indicates a defect.

[0081] S905 Mark the location, size, and nature of the defect with a marker pen at the judged defect location, and analyze the defect for quantification, qualification, and location to draw a conclusion.

[0082] S10 Comprehensive evaluation: Combine the evaluation results in steps S4 and S9 to further evaluate the composite defects of the test piece and complete the comprehensive non - destructive evaluation of the surface open defects, surface and near - surface defects, and internal defects of the test piece.

[0083] S11 Ultrasonic cleaning. The specific steps are as follows:

[0084] S1101 Place the test piece in the ultrasonic cleaning tank and use ultrasonic waves to clean the developer powder and penetrant on the surface of the test piece.

[0085] S1102 The ultrasonic cleaning tank is equipped with warm water in the range of (30 - 40) °C, and the cleaning time ranges from (10 - 20) min.

[0086] S1103 If the penetrant on the test piece layout is not cleaned thoroughly, use a water gun to further clean the local area, and finally use an air gun with compressed air to remove the excess water on the test piece.

[0087] S12 Electrothermal drying. The specific steps are as follows:

[0088] S1201 Place the test piece in a drying oven with fully enclosed hot - circulating air for drying.

[0089] The temperature range of the drying oven in S1202 is (60 - 70)°C, and the drying time is (30 - 40) min, and the drying is completed.

[0090] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can still be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing by penetration, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment: Remove redundant substances such as rust and scale on the specimen by mechanical and physical means; S2. Multifunctional cleaning: Place the specimen in a multifunctional cleaning tank, clean the specimen with pressured water, and then dry it; S3. Penetrant and electromagnetic ultrasonic testing; S4. Observe and analyze electromagnetic ultrasonic signals; S5. Place the specimen in a multifunctional cleaning tank, and clean the surface with a pressured water gun. The pressure of the water gun is ≤0.27 MPa, and the cleaning time is 2 - 5 min. S6. Immersion cleaning; S7. Electrothermal drying; S8. Spray developer powder; S9. Observe and analyze penetrant defect indications; S10. Comprehensive evaluation: Combine the evaluation results in steps S4 and S9 to further evaluate the composite defects of the specimen, and complete the comprehensive non-destructive evaluation of the surface open defects, surface and near-surface defects, and internal defects of the specimen; S11. Ultrasonic cleaning; S12. Electrothermal drying.

2. The electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of S3 are as follows: S301. Place the specimen in a penetrant tank, press the high-frequency coil tightly against the surface of the specimen, and place the magnet on the surface of the high-frequency coil. One end of the high-frequency coil is connected to an excitation signal source, the other end is connected to an A / D converter, and the other end of the A / D converter is connected to an oscilloscope; S302. When the specimen is being penetrated, pass alternating current through the high-frequency coil to generate eddy currents on the surface of the specimen. Under the action of the static magnetic field generated by the magnet, the charged particles on the surface of the specimen are deflected and vibrated by the magnetic force to form ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic vibration prompts the penetrant to wash away the defect dirt at the opening of the specimen, and at the same time replaces the oil and water in the defect, enabling the penetrant to smoothly penetrate into the defect; S303. Move the high-frequency coil and the magnet successively on the surface of the specimen to scan and detect the specimen in all directions, and collect the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals at various positions of the specimen.

3. The electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method for penetration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps of S4 are as follows: S401. Under a fluorescent lamp, transmit the collected electromagnetic ultrasonic signals into the oscilloscope, and separate and extract the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals in the oscilloscope. Among them, the separated eddy current signals are used to detect surface and near-surface defects of the specimen, and the separated ultrasonic signals are used to detect internal defects of the specimen; S402. Mark the position, size, and nature of the defect with a marker pen at the judged defect, and make an analysis on the quantification, qualification, and location of the defect to draw a conclusion; S403. Remove components such as the high-frequency coil and the magnet.

4. The electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method according to claim 3, characterized in that The specific steps of S6 are as follows: S601. Place the specimen in an immersion tank to clean the redundant penetrant on the surface of the specimen; S602. The immersion tank is provided with warm water at 10 - 30 °C, and the cleaning time is 10 - 20 min; S603. If a part of the specimen is not cleaned thoroughly, use a pressured water gun to further clean the part.

5. The electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method for penetration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps of S7 are as follows: S701. Place the specimen in a drying oven with fully enclosed hot circulating air for drying; S702. The temperature of the drying oven is 50 - 80 °C, and the drying time is 5 - 15 min to complete drying.

6. The electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method for penetration according to claim 5, characterized in that The specific steps of S8 are as follows: S801. Place the dried specimen in a closed developer powder tank; S802. There is a blowing port outside the developer tank. Use an air gun to lift the developer powder in the tank. The number of blowing times is 2 - 3 times, and the blowing time for each time is 1 - 2 s. S803. Wait for 15 - 30 minutes. The developer powder descends and completely covers the surface of the test piece. The developer powder adsorbs the penetrant in the cracks of the test piece through capillary action to form a defect indication.

7. The electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method for penetration according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific steps of S9 are as follows: S901. The inspector wears protective equipment and enters the darkroom. S902. Measure the ultraviolet intensity with an ultraviolet intensity meter. At a distance of 380 mm from the light source, the ultraviolet intensity shall not be less than 1000 μW / cm 2 ; S903. In the darkroom, turn on the black light and observe the test piece in all directions. Yellow - green stripe indications are formed at the defective parts of the test piece. Carefully identify and determine. S904. If there is doubt about the defect judgment, wipe it with a cloth dipped in acetone, and then gently and evenly spray the developer powder. After waiting for a few minutes, if the yellow - green stripes disappear, it indicates a false defect. If the yellow - green stripes do not disappear, it indicates a defect. S905. Mark the position, size, and nature of the defect with a marker pen at the judged defective part, and analyze the defect quantitatively, qualitatively, and positionally to draw a conclusion.

8. The electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method for penetration according to claim 7, characterized in that The specific steps of S11 are as follows: S1101. Place the test piece in an ultrasonic cleaning tank and use ultrasonic waves to clean the developer powder and penetrant on the surface of the test piece. S1102. The ultrasonic cleaning tank is filled with warm water at 30 - 40 °C, and the cleaning time is 10 - 20 minutes. S1103. If the penetrant on the test piece layout is not cleaned thoroughly, use a water gun to further clean the local area, and finally use an air gun with compressed air to remove the excess moisture on the test piece.

9. The electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive testing method for penetration according to claim 8, wherein The specific steps of S12 are as follows: S1201. Place the test piece in a drying oven with fully enclosed hot - circulating air for drying. S1202. The temperature of the drying oven is 60 - 70 °C, and the drying time is 30 - 40 minutes to complete the drying.

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