Dimming glass

Abstract

The invention relates to dimming glass which comprises a first electrode layer, an electrochromic layer and a second electrode layer which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode, and the dimming glass further comprises an insulating layer arranged on the first electrode layer so that the electrochromic layer can cover the first electrode layer and the insulating layer; the dimming glass is provided with a first scribing line and a second scribing line, and the first scribing line and the second scribing line are irradiated by laser to form a first groove and a second groove; wherein the first groove and the second groove penetrate through the second electrode layer and the electrochromic layer respectively, any one of the first groove and the second groove is arranged corresponding to the insulating layer, and the groove width of the first groove or the second groove is smaller than the plane size of the insulating layer. When the insulating layer is arranged below the first groove or the second groove, the insulating layer plays a role in isolation, and accidental connection of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer is avoided, so that the short circuit phenomenon is prevented, and the stability of the dimming glass is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of electrochromic glass, and particularly to a dimming glass. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced material that can actively and reversibly change the transmittance through electrochromism, dimming glass has shown broad application prospects in many fields such as energy, construction, and automotive. With the continuous improvement of the demand for intelligence and energy conservation in various industries, the market scale of dimming glass has been continuously expanding. Especially in the fields of automotive and aircraft manufacturing, more and more glass components are starting to adopt dimming glass technology to meet the requirement of actively adjusting the transmittance according to actual needs, such as adjusting the light intensity inside the vehicle, protecting the privacy of passengers, and improving the energy efficiency of aircraft.

[0003] As an important branch of dimming glass, all-solid-state electrochromism (EC) technology has occupied a place in the market with its unique advantages. This technology has the characteristics of low haze, good heat insulation effect, low energy consumption, and continuous brightness adjustment, and can provide users with a more comfortable and energy-saving usage experience. In the structure of all-solid-state EC dimming glass, it includes two electrodes, a cathode and an anode, which are located at the uppermost layer (assumed to be the anode, i.e., the upper electrode) and the lowermost layer (assumed to be the cathode, i.e., the lower electrode) of the film layer respectively. Among them, the uppermost electrode can be directly connected to the driving signal to achieve precise control of the transmittance of the dimming glass.

[0004] However, at present, the preparation method of the lower electrode of all-solid-state EC dimming glass is prone to problems such as adhesion and short circuit, which affect its normal use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a dimming glass that can avoid adhesion and short circuit and improve safety.

[0006] An embodiment of this application provides a dimming glass, which includes a first electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second electrode layer that are sequentially stacked. The dimming glass further includes:

[0007] An insulating layer, disposed on the first electrode layer, such that the electrochromic layer covers the first electrode layer and the insulating layer;

[0008] The dimming glass is provided with a first scribing line and a second scribing line, and the first scribing line and the second scribing line are irradiated by a laser to construct a first groove and a second groove;

[0009] Wherein, the first groove and the second groove respectively penetrate through the second electrode layer and the electrochromic layer. Any one of the first groove and the second groove is correspondingly arranged with the insulating layer, and the groove width of the first groove or the second groove is smaller than the planar dimension of the insulating layer.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the dimming glass further includes a reflective layer, and one reflective layer is disposed below the first groove and / or the second groove.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the reflective layer is provided with an arc-shaped groove;

[0012] When the laser irradiates the first scribing line and / or the second scribing line, a focused reflection occurs through the arc-shaped groove, so that the groove width of the first groove and / or the second groove gradually becomes smaller along the direction from the first electrode layer to the second electrode layer.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, when reflective layers are disposed in both the first groove and the second groove, the distance between the two reflective layers is less than a preset distance, so that when the first groove and the second groove are constructed, a single laser beam is shared.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the reflective layer is a planar structure.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the planar dimension of the reflective layer is smaller than the planar dimension of the insulating layer.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the reflective layer is made of a metal material.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the insulating layer is made of a carbon material.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, adhesive layers are formed on the inner walls of the grooves of the first groove and the second groove, and conductive silver paste is filled in the first groove or the second groove where the insulating layer is not provided.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner, the dimming glass further includes a base layer, and the base layer is disposed on a side of the first electrode layer away from the second electrode layer.

[0020] According to the dimming glass provided by the embodiments of the present application, when an insulating layer is provided below the first groove or the second groove, the insulating layer plays an insulating role, preventing the accidental connection between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, thereby preventing the occurrence of a short-circuit phenomenon and improving the stability of the dimming glass. The insulating layer can effectively block the abnormal flow of current, ensure the electrical safety of the dimming glass, avoid electrical failures caused by problems such as short circuits, reduce the maintenance and replacement frequency of the dimming glass during use, and reduce the use cost. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments in accordance with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application. In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. One or more embodiments are illustrated by the pictures in the corresponding drawings. These illustrative descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements, unless otherwise stated, and the drawings in the figures do not constitute a proportional limitation.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dimming glass provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dimming glass provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a scribing schematic diagram of the dimming glass provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dimming glass provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dimming glass provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dimming glass provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0028] Description of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0029] 1. Dimming glass; 11. First electrode layer; 12. Electrochromic layer; 13. Second electrode layer; 14. Insulating layer; 15. First groove; 16. Second groove; 17. Reflective layer; 171. Arc-shaped groove; 18. Adhesive layer; 19. Substrate layer; AA. First scribing; AB. Second scribing. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware of the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0032] For ease of description, spatially relative relationship terms may be used in the text to describe the relative positional relationship or movement of one element or feature shown in the figure with respect to another element or feature. These relative relationship terms such as "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "beneath", "above", "upper", "front", "rear", etc. This spatially relative relationship term is intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a position flip or attitude change or movement state change, then these directional indications will change accordingly. For example, an element described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features will then be oriented as "above" or "upper" other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include the orientations of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatially relative relationship descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.

[0033] First Embodiment

[0034] As Figures 1 - 3As shown, this embodiment provides a dimming glass 1, whose structural design and manufacturing process are aimed at solving the problems existing in the preparation process of the electrodes of existing dimming glasses, and improving the performance and reliability of the dimming glass. Among them, the dimming glass 1 includes a first electrode layer 11, an electrochromic layer 12, and a second electrode layer 13. The electrochromic layer 12 is laminated on top of the first electrode layer 11, and the second electrode layer 13 is laminated on top of the electrochromic layer 12, forming a multi-layer composite structure to achieve the electrochromic function of the dimming glass.

[0035] The first electrode layer 11 is a cathode layer. The first electrode layer 11 can be made of indium tin oxide (ITO for short) material, making it have good electrical conductivity and transparency, and can ensure that the first electrode layer 11 effectively conducts electrical signals without affecting the transparency of the dimming glass.

[0036] The electrochromic layer 12 is the key layer for the dimming glass to actively and reversibly change its transmittance. When different voltages are applied, through the redox reaction inside the material, its own color and transmittance are changed, thereby realizing the adjustment of the optical performance of the dimming glass. Among them, the electrochromic layer 12 is made of materials such as tungsten oxide (WO3), nickel oxide (NiO), and lithium-containing compounds.

[0037] Tungsten oxide is a typical cathodic coloring electrochromic material, with advantages such as high coloring efficiency and obvious color change (usually from transparent to dark blue). It has good absorption characteristics in the visible light region and good chemical stability, and can maintain stable performance in multiple cycles of redox reactions. Among them, the electrochromic layer 12 can be prepared by physical vapor deposition (PVD) method or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The physical vapor deposition method, for example, uses physical methods (such as evaporation, sputtering, etc.) to transfer the tungsten oxide material from the target to the first electrode layer 11 to form a uniform thin film. The chemical vapor deposition method, for example, decomposes the gaseous tungsten source (such as tungsten hexafluoride WF6) on the surface of the first electrode layer 11 through a chemical reaction and generates a tungsten oxide thin film, etc. The specific steps are subject to the actual situation.

[0038] Nickel oxide is an anodic coloring electrochromic material, and its color change usually ranges from transparent to brown. It has a high optical contrast and good cycling stability, and is also widely used in electrochromic devices. Among them, the electrochromic layer 12 can be prepared by sol-gel method, electrodeposition method, etc. For the sol-gel method, for example, nickel salts (such as nickel nitrate) are dissolved in organic solvents, and appropriate additives (such as complexing agents, stabilizers, etc.) are added to form a uniform sol. Then, through hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions, the sol gradually transforms into a gel, and finally, after drying and heat treatment, a nickel oxide thin film is obtained. For the electrodeposition method, for example, in an electrolyte containing nickel ions, by applying a certain voltage or current, nickel ions undergo a reduction reaction on the electrode surface to deposit and form a nickel oxide thin film.

[0039] Lithium-containing compounds such as lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO2), etc. These materials combine the high mobility of lithium ions and the electrochromic properties of nickel elements, enabling rapid color switching and high coloring efficiency. Among them, the electrochromic layer 12 can be prepared by the high-temperature solid-state reaction method combined with thin film preparation technology. A lithium source (such as lithium carbonate Li2CO3) and a nickel source (such as nickel oxide NiO) are mixed evenly in a certain proportion and subjected to a solid-state reaction at high temperature to generate lithium nickel oxide powder. The synthesized lithium nickel oxide powder is made into a slurry, and the slurry is coated on the surface of the first electrode layer 11 by methods such as screen printing and doctor blading, and then, after drying and sintering treatment, the electrochromic layer 12 containing lithium compounds is obtained.

[0040] The second electrode layer 13 is an anode layer. The second electrode layer 13 can be made of indium tin oxide (Indium tin oxide, abbreviated as ITO) material, making it have good electrical conductivity and transparency, and can meet the requirements of the electrode performance of the dimming glass. The second electrode layer 13 cooperates with the first electrode layer 11 to provide an electric field for the electrochromic layer 12 and drive the occurrence of the electrochromic reaction.

[0041] The dimming glass also includes an insulating layer 14. The insulating layer 14 is disposed above the first electrode layer 11, that is, between the electrochromic layer 12 and the first electrode layer 11, so that the electrochromic layer 12 covers the first electrode layer 11 and the insulating layer 14. The function of the insulating layer 14 is to prevent short circuits between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13 and improve the electrical insulation performance of the dimming glass.

[0042] The insulating layer 14 is, for example, a black organic insulating layer made of carbon materials, such as polyimide (PI) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) added with carbon powder. After adding carbon powder, the insulating layer 14 can not only maintain good insulation performance, effectively prevent direct conduction of current between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13, and prevent the occurrence of short - circuit phenomena; but also has excellent chemical stability, can resist the erosion of external environmental factors, such as humidity, temperature changes, and the influence of chemical substances, so as to maintain its insulation performance for a long time. In addition, the black appearance can also play a certain light - shielding role, which helps to optimize the optical performance of the dimming glass.

[0043] The insulating layer 14 is formed by a coating and exposure method, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0044] Prepare the coating solution: Dissolve materials such as polyimide (PI) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) added with carbon powder in a suitable solvent, and stir evenly to form a coating solution with a certain viscosity.

[0045] Coating: Adopt a coating process, such as spin - coating, knife - coating or spraying, etc., to evenly coat the coating solution on the surface of the first electrode layer 11. During the coating process, it is necessary to control the thickness and uniformity of the coating solution to ensure the consistent performance of the insulating layer 14.

[0046] Exposure: Place the coated substrate in an exposure device, and selectively expose the coating solution through a mask. The coating solution in the exposed area will undergo a chemical reaction, causing changes in its solubility or curing performance.

[0047] Development: After exposure, use a developer to treat the substrate. The unexposed part of the coating solution will be dissolved and removed, while the exposed part remains, forming a black organic insulating layer 14 with a specific pattern.

[0048] Post - treatment: Perform post - treatment on the formed insulating layer 14, such as drying and curing, etc., to improve the stability and performance of the insulating layer 14.

[0049] The dimming glass is provided with a first scribing line AA and a second scribing line AB. Laser is used to irradiate the first scribing line AA and the second scribing line AB to construct a first groove 15 and a second groove 16. Among them, during the process of laser - cutting the grooves, due to the laser ablation effect, an adhesive layer 18 will be formed on the inner walls of both the first groove 15 and the second groove 16. The high energy of the laser will cause physical and chemical changes in the film - layer materials at the groove edges, resulting in an adhesion phenomenon between the film layers, thus forming the adhesive layer 18. The existence of this adhesive layer 18 may affect the electrical performance of the dimming glass, so it needs to be fully considered during the design and preparation process.

[0050] For the first groove 15 or the second groove 16 without an insulating layer 14, the electrical connection between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13 is achieved by filling with conductive silver paste. The conductive silver paste has good electrical conductivity and can fill the groove and form a reliable electrical path. When filling the conductive silver paste, it is necessary to ensure that the silver paste fills the groove evenly and forms good contact with the electrode layer to ensure the stability and reliability of the electrical connection. When filling the conductive silver paste, appropriate process methods need to be adopted to ensure that the silver paste fully fills the groove and forms good ohmic contact with the electrode layer. At the same time, attention should be paid to controlling the amount and filling speed of the silver paste to avoid problems such as uneven filling or overflow.

[0051] When an insulating layer 14 is provided under the first groove 15 or the second groove 16, the insulating layer 14 plays a key insulating role. The insulating layer 14 can effectively isolate the adhesive layer 18 from the first electrode layer 11, preventing the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13 from being connected through the adhesive layer 18, thereby preventing the occurrence of short - circuit phenomena. Short - circuits will cause a decline in the electrical performance of the dimming glass, increase leakage and power consumption, and affect the normal use of the dimming glass. The presence of the insulating layer 14 provides a guarantee for the stable operation of the dimming glass.

[0052] The main function of the insulating layer 14 is to provide electrical insulation and prevent accidental connection between the electrode layers through the adhesive layer 18. During the operation of the dimming glass, a certain electrical isolation needs to be maintained between the electrode layers to ensure the normal progress of the electrochromic reaction. The insulating layer 14 can effectively block the abnormal flow of current and ensure the electrical safety of the dimming glass.

[0053] By setting the insulating layer 14, the stability of the dimming glass can be improved. It avoids electrical failures caused by problems such as short - circuits, reduces the maintenance and replacement frequency of the dimming glass during use, and reduces the use cost.

[0054] The first groove 15 and the second groove 16 respectively penetrate the second electrode layer 13 and the electrochromic layer 12, but do not penetrate the insulating layer 14 under the first electrode layer 11. There are different corresponding relationships in specific examples. The connection relationships between the scribed lines and the grooves and the electrode layers are detailed below through two examples.

[0055] The First Example

[0056] In the first example, the first groove 15 is connected to the first electrode layer 11. When filling the silver paste in the first groove 15, the silver paste can conduct the first electrode layer 11, the electrochromic layer 12, and the second electrode layer 13 to achieve the electrical signal transmission between the electrodes.

[0057] The second groove 16 is correspondingly arranged with the insulating layer 14, that is, the insulating layer 14 is arranged below the second groove 16. Moreover, the groove width of the second groove 16 is smaller than the planar dimension of the insulating layer 14. This design can ensure that the second groove 16 is completely separated from the first electrode layer 11, avoiding short circuits between the first electrode layer 11 and other layers (such as the adhesive layer 18), and ensuring the normal operation of the dimming glass.

[0058] Second Example

[0059] In the second example, the second groove 16 is connected to the first electrode layer 11. When silver paste is filled in the second groove 16, the silver paste can conduct the first electrode layer 11, the electrochromic layer 12, and the second electrode layer 13, realizing the electrical connection between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13.

[0060] The first groove 15 is correspondingly arranged with the insulating layer 14, that is, the insulating layer 14 is arranged below the first groove 15. Moreover, the groove width of the first groove 15 is smaller than the planar dimension of the insulating layer 14. This design can completely separate the first groove 15 from the first electrode layer 11, avoid the occurrence of short circuits, and ensure the electrical performance and stability of the dimming glass.

[0061] Through the above structural design and scribing settings, the dimming glass 1 of this embodiment can effectively solve the problems existing in the existing electrode preparation methods, improve the reliability of electrode connection and the overall performance of the dimming glass. In the actual preparation process, a suitable example can be selected for implementation according to specific requirements. At the same time, this dimming glass can be widely applied in industries such as energy, construction, and automobiles, and has broad market prospects.

[0062] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the dimming glass further includes a reflective layer 17. The reflective layer 17 is made of a metal material, such as Al, Ag, Mg, etc. It is formed by film forming and photolithography processes and plays roles such as reflecting laser light and protecting the first electrode layer 11 in the dimming glass.

[0063] First Example

[0064] A reflective layer 17 is arranged below the first groove 15. Different shielding measures are taken at the two laser scribing lines, that is, the first scribing line AA and the second scribing line AB.

[0065] First scribing line AA: Prepare a reflective conductor metal shield, that is, the reflective layer 17. The reflective layer 17 can reflect laser light, causing the laser light to irradiate the film layer again, reducing the direct damage to the first electrode layer 11. At the same time, the reflected laser light can improve the laser utilization rate and enhance the effect of laser scribing.

[0066] Second scribe line AB: Shielded by the insulating layer 14. The insulating layer 14 can protect the first electrode layer 11, preventing the laser from directly acting on the first electrode layer 11. In addition, it can also prevent the adhesion of the laser cutting edge, effectively avoiding a short circuit between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13.

[0067] Second example

[0068] A reflective layer 17 is provided below the second groove 16. The reflective layer 17 is located between the insulating layer 14 and the second groove 16, and the planar size of the reflective layer 17 is smaller than that of the insulating layer 14.

[0069] The reflective layer 17 and the insulating layer 14 act together to further improve the protection of the first electrode layer 11. The reflective layer 17 reflects the laser, reducing the damage to the first electrode layer 11 by the laser. At the same time, the insulating layer 14 completely insulates the reflective layer 17 and the first electrode layer 11, effectively avoiding a short circuit between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13 caused by the adhesion of the laser cutting edge.

[0070] Third example

[0071] A reflective layer 17 is provided below both the first groove 15 and the second groove 16. One of the reflective layers 17 is located between the insulating layer 14 and the second groove 16, and the planar size of the reflective layer 17 is smaller than that of the insulating layer 14.

[0072] For laser scribing of the dimming glass, the laser is used to irradiate the position to be cut, namely the first scribe line AA and the second scribe line AB. Due to the presence of the reflective layer 17, when the laser irradiates on the reflective layer 17, reflection occurs, causing the film layer in the dimming glass to be irradiated by the reflected laser once again, that is, the film layer is irradiated twice.

[0073] This double irradiation can reduce the required laser energy and improve the efficiency of laser scribing. At the same time, the reflective layer 17 can protect the first electrode layer 11 from laser damage. At the position of the second scribe line AB, due to the presence of the insulating layer 14, the protection of the first electrode layer 11 can be further improved, effectively avoiding a short circuit between the second electrode layer 13 and the first electrode layer 11 due to the adhesion of the film layer after laser ablation.

[0074] The reflective layer 17 is prepared by a film-forming and photolithography process. The film-forming process can select methods such as physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to deposit a metal material on the first electrode layer 11 to form a thin film. The photolithography process then patterns the reflective layer 17 through steps such as photoresist, exposure, and development.

[0075] Use the laser to irradiate the position to be cut, and precisely control the energy, frequency, and irradiation time of the laser to ensure accurate scribing and no unnecessary damage to other layers.

[0076] Through the above structural design and preparation examples, the dimming glass of this embodiment has significant advantages in improving the reliability of electrode connection, protecting the electrode layer, and reducing the laser energy requirement, and can be widely applied to various fields requiring dimming functions.

[0077] In this embodiment, the reflective layer 17 is, for example, a planar structure. During the process of laser scribing to form the first groove 15 or the second groove 16, the planar structure of the reflective layer 17 provides a clear boundary for the laser. When the laser irradiates, it can accurately determine the cutting range according to the planar contour of the reflective layer 17, thus effectively avoiding the problem of inconsistent groove width caused by laser scattering or deviation. For example, in the absence of the reflective layer 17 or with an irregular reflective layer structure, the laser may spread during the cutting process, causing the width of the groove to exceed the expected range, affecting the connection and insulation effect between the electrodes. The planar reflective layer 17 can guide the laser to cut along a predetermined path, ensuring that the groove width meets the design requirements.

[0078] Due to the stable and predictable planar structure of the reflective layer 17, in the laser scribing process, engineers can more conveniently adjust parameters such as the energy, frequency, and irradiation time of the laser. By precisely designing the planar size and position of the reflective layer 17 in advance and combining with the parameter settings of the laser scribing equipment, precise control of the groove width can be achieved. This controllability makes the production process of the dimming glass more standardized and normalized, improving the quality and consistency of the product.

[0079] The planar structure of the reflective layer 17 helps to form regular first grooves 15 or second grooves 16. During the laser scribing process, the plane of the reflective layer 17 can provide a uniform reflection surface for the laser, enabling the laser to maintain a stable energy distribution during cutting, thereby forming grooves with regular shapes. The regular groove shape is beneficial for subsequent electrode connection and filling of insulating materials, improving the overall performance of the dimming glass. For example, regular rectangular grooves can ensure closer connection between the electrodes, reducing the contact resistance, and are also conducive to the uniform filling of insulating materials in the grooves, improving the insulation effect.

[0080] The planar reflective layer 17 can reduce the deformation and defects of the grooves during the laser scribing process. Since the plane of the reflective layer 17 provides stable support and guidance, the laser will not be subjected to uneven stress or interference during cutting, thereby reducing the possibility of defects such as bending, twisting, or cracking of the grooves. This is crucial for ensuring the electrical and mechanical properties of the dimming glass, because the deformation and defects of the grooves may lead to problems such as electrode short - circuit and insulation failure, affecting the normal use of the dimming glass.

[0081] In this embodiment, by precisely controlling the groove width and groove structure of the first groove 15 or the second groove 16, the yield, performance stability, and production efficiency of the product are improved, providing a strong guarantee for the large-scale production and application of the dimming glass.

[0082] In this embodiment, the dimming glass further includes a base layer 19. As the basic support structure of the dimming glass, the base layer 19 is disposed on the side of the first electrode layer 11 facing away from the second electrode layer 13, playing a crucial role in the performance and stability of the entire dimming glass.

[0083] The material selection of the base layer 19 needs to comprehensively consider various factors, such as mechanical strength, chemical stability, optical properties, and compatibility with other layers. For example, the base layer 19 can be made of materials such as glass, polycarbonate (PC), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0084] The base layer 19 provides a solid mechanical support for other layers of the dimming glass. During the production, processing, and use of the dimming glass, it will be subjected to various external forces, such as stretching, bending, and impact. The high strength and rigidity of the base layer 19 can ensure that the dimming glass maintains the structural integrity under these external forces, preventing separation or damage between layers. For example, when installing the dimming glass, the base layer 19 can withstand the stress generated during the installation process, ensuring the installation quality of the dimming glass.

[0085] The base layer 19 is located on the outermost side of the dimming glass, which can effectively protect the internal structure from the erosion of the external environment. It can prevent moisture, dust, chemical substances, etc. from entering the interior of the dimming glass, avoiding corrosion and damage to the first electrode layer 11, electrochromic layer 12, second electrode layer 13, etc. For example, in some humid environments, the waterproof performance of the base layer 19 can prevent moisture from penetrating into the interior of the dimming glass, extending the service life of the dimming glass.

[0086] The optical properties of the base layer 19 will also affect the overall optical effect of the dimming glass. By selecting the appropriate base layer material and performing surface treatment, the optical properties of the dimming glass can be optimized, such as increasing the light transmittance and reducing reflection. For example, by using a glass base layer with an anti-reflection coating, the reflection of light on the surface of the dimming glass can be reduced, increasing the light transmittance, making the dimming glass clearer and brighter in the transparent state.

[0087] The base layer 19 needs to have good compatibility with other layers to ensure the close combination and collaborative work between layers. During the preparation process of the dimming glass, the surface properties of the base layer 19 will affect the deposition and adhesion effects of subsequent layers. For example, the surface roughness, chemical activity, etc. of the base layer 19 will affect the deposition quality and adhesion of the first electrode layer 11, thereby affecting the electrical performance and stability of the dimming glass.

[0088] The base layer 19 provides a stable support surface for the first electrode layer 11. The surface quality and chemical stability of the base layer 19 directly affect the deposition effect and performance of the first electrode layer 11. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the base layer 19 can also ensure that the first electrode layer 11 is not damaged during use.

[0089] The base layer 19, together with the electrochromic layer 12, the second electrode layer 13, the insulating layer 14, the reflective layer 17, the adhesive layer 18, etc., constitutes the overall structure of the dimming glass. Each layer cooperates with each other to achieve the electrochromic function of the dimming glass. As the basic support, the base layer 19 ensures the relative position and structural stability between the layers, enabling the entire dimming glass to work properly.

[0090] In the dimming glass provided in this embodiment, during the laser scribing process, the high energy generated by the laser can cause potential damage to the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13, such as ablation, melting, or even fracture, thereby affecting the conductivity and stability of the first electrode layer 11. By preparing a shielding structure above the first electrode layer 11 at the two laser scribing lines, this damage risk is effectively reduced. The shielding of the reflective layer 17 at the first scribing line AA can reflect part of the laser energy, weakening the direct action intensity of the laser on the first electrode layer 11, thus significantly reducing the damage to the first electrode layer 11 caused by laser impact. At the second scribing line AB, a combination of the insulating layer 14 and the reflective layer 17 is used for shielding. The insulating layer 14 can absorb part of the laser energy, further reducing the thermal impact of the laser on the first electrode layer 11 and providing more comprehensive protection for the first electrode layer 11.

[0091] Since the shielding structure effectively reduces the damage to the electrodes during the laser scribing process, the electrodes can maintain their original physical and chemical properties, thereby enhancing the long-term stability of the electrodes. This helps the dimming glass maintain good electrical connection and performance during long-term use, reducing the maintenance and replacement costs caused by electrode damage.

[0092] The shielding of the reflective layer 17 at the first scribing line AA not only protects the electrodes but also guides the reflected laser energy back to the laser cutting area. This energy reflection mechanism increases the energy density of the laser at the cutting site, enabling the laser to act more efficiently on the cutting target, improving the cutting efficiency and accuracy of the laser. By more accurately forming the required groove shape and size, the electrical connection and insulation performance of the dimming glass are ensured, and at the same time, the waste of laser energy is reduced.

[0093] The improvement of laser utilization means that more cutting tasks can be completed under the same laser power and processing time, or the same cutting effect can be achieved at a lower laser power. This not only reduces the cost of laser processing, but also reduces the usage loss of laser equipment and extends the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the optimized laser processing process also helps to improve the production efficiency of the dimming glass and meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0094] At the second scribing line AB, a combined structure of the reflective layer 17 and the insulating layer 14 is adopted. The insulating layer 14 has good insulating properties and can effectively isolate the electrical connection between the laser cutting edge adhesive layer 18 and the first electrode layer 11. During the laser cutting process, the film layer materials at the trench edge may adhere to each other to form a conductive channel, resulting in a short circuit between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13. The presence of the insulating layer 14 prevents the formation of such a conductive channel, fundamentally avoiding the occurrence of short circuit phenomena and improving the electrical safety of the dimming glass.

[0095] The reflective layer 17 acts in cooperation with the insulating layer 14 at the second scribing line AB, further enhancing the short circuit prevention ability. The reflective layer 17 blocks and reflects the laser energy, reducing the degree of adhesion at the laser cutting edge and lowering the possibility of the adhesive layer 18 forming a conductive channel. At the same time, it and the insulating layer 14 together constitute a dual protection mechanism, providing a more reliable guarantee for the electrical performance of the dimming glass.

[0096] By reducing problems such as electrode damage, improving laser utilization, and avoiding short circuits, the shielding structure at the laser scribing line of the dimming glass significantly improves the yield of the product. During the production process, the number of defective products caused by defects such as electrode damage, inaccurate cutting, or short circuits is reduced, the production cost is lowered, and the economic benefits of the enterprise are improved.

[0097] Second Embodiment

[0098] The second embodiment of the present application also provides a dimming glass, which has the same or similar structure as the dimming glass provided in its first embodiment. The difference is that, as Figures 3 - 5 shown, the reflective layer 17 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 171, so that the reflective layer 17 is configured as a concave lens structure. This dimming glass is mainly used to construct the first trench 15 and / or the second trench 16 by laser irradiating the first scribing line AA and / or the second scribing line AB to achieve specific electrical connection and insulation functions.

[0099] According to the optical principle of the concave lens, the shape and size of the arc-shaped groove 171 can be designed. Parameters such as the radius of curvature and depth of the arc-shaped groove 171 need to be accurately calculated according to the wavelength, energy of the laser, and the required focusing effect, so that the reflective layer 17 can effectively focus the incident laser.

[0100] Select materials with high reflectivity to prepare the reflective layer 17, such as metallic materials like aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), etc. These materials can effectively reflect laser energy and improve the utilization rate of the laser.

[0101] Accurately irradiate the laser beam onto the positions of the first scribing line AA and / or the second scribing line AB. Parameters such as the wavelength, power, and pulse width of the laser need to be adjusted according to the material properties and scribing requirements of the dimming glass. Generally, select a laser with higher energy and appropriate wavelength to ensure that the dimming glass can be effectively ablated to form grooves.

[0102] When the laser irradiates the reflective layer 17, due to the concave lens structure of the reflective layer 17, the laser will undergo focused reflection. The arc-shaped groove 171 makes the reflected laser more concentrated and has higher energy. The focused laser can act more precisely on the dimming glass and improve the ablation efficiency of the laser.

[0103] The laser with focused reflection acts on the dimming glass to form the first groove 15 and / or the second groove 16 at the positions of the first scribing line AA and / or the second scribing line AB. Due to the focusing effect of the laser, the groove width of the first groove 15 and / or the second groove 16 gradually decreases along the direction from the first electrode layer 11 to the second electrode layer 13. This gradually decreasing groove width helps to improve the accuracy and quality of the groove, while reducing the width of laser ablation and minimizing damage to the surrounding materials.

[0104] Through the above specific implementation manners, the dimming glass of this second embodiment can effectively utilize the concave lens structure of the reflective layer 17, improve the utilization rate of the laser and the scribing accuracy, while ensuring the electrical performance and stability of the dimming glass.

[0105] Third Embodiment

[0106] The third embodiment of this application also provides a dimming glass, which has the same or similar structure as the dimming glass provided in its second embodiment. The difference is that, as Figure 3 、 Figure 6 shown, when reflective layers 17 are provided for both the first groove 15 and the second groove 16, the distance between the two reflective layers 17 is less than a preset distance, such that when constructing the first groove 15 and the second groove 16, a single laser beam is shared. This design aims to reduce the number of laser scans and improve production efficiency.

[0107] Precisely control the distance between the two reflective layers 17 to make it less than the preset distance. The determination of the preset distance needs to comprehensively consider factors such as the wavelength, energy, focusing characteristics of the laser, and the material properties of the dimming glass. By reasonably designing the distance, ensure that the laser can irradiate both reflective layers 17 simultaneously, and the reflected laser can form two clear scribing lines.

[0108] To avoid short - circuit caused by adhesion between the two reflective layers 17, one of the reflective layers 17 is arranged adjacent to or connected with the insulating layer 14. The insulating layer 14 has good insulation performance and can effectively isolate the electrical connection between the two reflective layers 17.

[0109] Select appropriate laser parameters, including the wavelength, power, pulse width, etc. of the laser. The laser energy needs to be controlled so that the film layer cannot be ablated without superimposing the reflected laser energy after focusing, to ensure that when the laser irradiates the two reflective layers 17 simultaneously, the first groove 15 and the second groove 16 can be formed respectively, without over - ablating other parts of the dimming glass.

[0110] Use a beam of laser to irradiate the two reflective layers 17 simultaneously. Due to the concave - lens structure of the two reflective layers 17, the laser will undergo focused reflection. The laser reflected by each reflective layer 17 acts on the dimming glass respectively to form the first groove 15 and the second groove 16. Due to the precise control of the laser energy, the laser reflected by the reflective layer 17 can accurately ablate the required groove shape and size.

[0111] After the laser irradiates the reflective layer 17, through the focused reflection of the concave - lens structure, the energy is more concentrated. The lasers reflected by the two reflective layers 17 act on the dimming glass along different paths respectively, and form the first groove 15 and the second groove 16 at the positions of the first scribing line AA and the second scribing line AB. Since the distance between the two reflective layers 17 is small and there is an insulating layer 14 in the middle to block, the reflected lasers will not interfere with each other and can form two clear scribing lines.

[0112] Through the above - mentioned specific implementation manners, the dimming glass of this third embodiment can effectively utilize the layout design of the two reflective layers 17 to achieve forming two scribing lines in one laser scan, improve the production efficiency, and at the same time ensure the electrical performance and stability of the dimming glass.

[0113] It should be understood that the terms used in this text are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not intended to be restrictive. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" as used in this text may also represent the plural form. The terms "comprising", "including", "containing", and "having" are inclusive and thus specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations. The method steps, processes, and operations described in this text are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps can be used.

[0114] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another region, layer, or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and other numerical terms do not imply an order or sequence when used herein. Thus, the first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0115] The foregoing are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A dimming glass, comprising a first electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second electrode layer that are sequentially stacked, characterized in that, The dimming glass further comprises: an insulating layer disposed on the first electrode layer such that the electrochromic layer covers the first electrode layer and the insulating layer; the dimming glass is provided with a first scribing line and a second scribing line, and the first scribing line and the second scribing line are irradiated by a laser to form a first groove and a second groove; wherein, the first groove and the second groove respectively penetrate through the second electrode layer and the electrochromic layer, any one of the first groove and the second groove is disposed corresponding to the insulating layer, and the groove width of the first groove or the second groove is smaller than the planar dimension of the insulating layer.

2. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein The dimming glass further comprises a reflective layer, and one reflective layer is disposed below the first groove and / or the second groove.

3. The dimming glass according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reflective layer is provided with an arc-shaped groove; when the first scribing line and / or the second scribing line is irradiated by the laser, a focused reflection occurs through the arc-shaped groove, so that the groove width of the first groove and / or the second groove gradually becomes smaller along the direction from the first electrode layer to the second electrode layer.

4. The dimming glass according to claim 2, wherein when reflective layers are disposed in both the first groove and the second groove, the distance between the two reflective layers is smaller than a preset distance, so that a single laser beam is shared when the first groove and the second groove are formed.

5. The dimming glass according to claim 2, wherein The reflective layer is a planar structure.

6. The dimming glass according to claim 2, wherein, The planar dimension of the reflective layer is smaller than the planar dimension of the insulating layer.

7. The dimming glass according to claim 2, wherein The reflective layer is made of a metallic material.

8. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein The insulating layer is made of a carbon material.

9. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein Adhesive layers are formed on the inner walls of the grooves of the first groove and the second groove, and conductive silver paste is filled in the first groove or the second groove where the insulating layer is not provided.

10. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein, The dimming glass further comprises a base layer, and the base layer is disposed on a side of the first electrode layer away from the second electrode layer.

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