BIM-based port storage yard construction safety risk dynamic assessment method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering safety management, in particular to a BIM-based port storage yard construction safety risk dynamic assessment method and system.The method comprises the steps that firstly, risk points of different construction stages are determined according to construction environment parameters by means of the construction simulation function of a BIM model; then determining weights of different risk points in different construction stages based on an analytic hierarchy process, and inputting risk point values and the corresponding weights into a deep learning model to obtain risk assessment results of the risk points in different construction stages; and finally, according to the risk assessment level of each risk point of different construction stages, determining a port storage yard construction safety risk assessment result of the corresponding construction stage. On one hand, dynamic assessment of the harbor storage yard construction safety risk is realized, and on the other hand, harbor storage yard construction safety risk assessment is determined by means of risk assessment of the safety points, so that the harbor storage yard construction safety risk assessment is more targeted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering safety management, and particularly relates to a method and system for dynamically evaluating the construction safety risks of a port yard based on Building Information Modeling (BIM), which is applicable to the construction safety control of large infrastructure projects such as port engineering and yard construction. Background Art

[0002] The construction of port engineering usually has a relatively long construction period. The construction environment is greatly affected by the natural environment and geological conditions. There are many on-site construction personnel and equipment, and the construction organization is complex. How to scientifically and reasonably evaluate the risks, identify major risk factors, and thus formulate targeted control measures for the construction unit and the construction company is one of the focuses of the industry. The current research is only limited to the wharf project, and the evaluation mostly adopts the assignment method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, without covering the rear land area. The corresponding construction risk assessment work for the wharf project should also be paid more and more attention.

[0003] In the prior art, there is little research on the dynamic evaluation of the construction safety risks of port yards. Generally, it realizes the dynamic risk assessment according to the adaptation of the index values, and the pertinence of the risk assessment is not strong. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method and system for dynamically evaluating the construction safety risks of a port yard based on BIM to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for dynamically evaluating the construction safety risks of a port yard based on BIM, including the following steps: S1: Establish a three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard; S2: Based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard, obtain the construction safety risk points according to different construction stages; S3: Dynamically evaluate the construction safety risks of the construction safety risk points in different construction stages; S4: Determine the construction safety risk assessment results of the port yard in the corresponding construction stage according to the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages.

[0006] Preferably, the S3 is specifically: S3.1: Establish a hierarchical structure model for the construction safety risk points in different construction stages; S3.2: Establish a deep learning model for risk assessment of risk points; S3.3: According to the deep learning model, predict the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages.

[0007] Preferably, S3.1 is specifically as follows: Decompose the safety risk assessment problems of construction safety risk points for different construction stages into an objective layer, a criterion layer, and an index layer. Among them, the objective layer is the construction safety risk assessment of the port yard; the criterion layer includes construction environment factors, geological condition factors, and meteorological and hydrological factors; the index layer is the specific risk indicators under each criterion layer. The risk indicators under the construction environment factor criterion layer include: offshore distance of the project, shelter condition of the project water area, water depth of the project water area, obstacles around the project construction site, typhoon shelter and anchorage, and project location selection; The risk indicators under the geological condition factor criterion layer include: bank slope geology and geology of the wharf construction area; The risk indicators under the meteorological and hydrological factor criterion layer include: typhoon or gust, wind force condition, wave height, tidal range, tidal current, fog days, freezing, and siltation degree; Construct a judgment matrix. By means of expert scoring, pairwise compare the importance of risk indicators at the same level relative to a certain risk indicator at the upper level to construct judgment matrices for each layer; The element a of the judgment matrix ij represents the comparison value of the relative importance of risk indicator i and risk indicator j, and its value range is 1-9 and their reciprocals; Calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix λ max and the corresponding eigenvector W , and the eigenvector W after normalization is the relative weight of each element; Among them, the weight calculation formula is: ; In the formula, n is the number of elements, w i is the eigenvector element of the judgment matrix; Conduct a consistency test, calculate the consistency index CI and the random consistency index RI, and judge whether the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency. When CI / RI < 0.1, it is considered that the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency, otherwise the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted; Among them, , RI The value of is obtained from the random consistency index table according to the order of the judgment matrix.

[0008] Preferably, in S3.2, the deep learning model is a deep neural network.

[0009] Preferably, the deep learning model includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The activation function of the hidden layer is the Sigmoid function, and the output layer uses the Softmax function as the activation function. The connection mode between the nodes of each layer is a fully connected mode. The loss function in the training process is the mean square error function, and the gradient descent method is used to update the weights and biases of the model.

[0010] Preferably, in S3.3, the input of the deep learning model is the value of the index layer corresponding to the risk point and the corresponding weight; the output of the deep learning model is the risk assessment level corresponding to the risk point. Preferably, in S4, determining the port yard construction safety risk assessment result corresponding to the construction stage according to the risk assessment levels of each risk point is specifically as follows: If there is a risk point with a major risk in the construction stage, the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is a high risk; if there is no major risk in the risk points of the construction stage, and the number of risk points with a relatively large risk is greater than 3, then the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is a high risk. If there is no major risk in the risk points of the construction stage, and there are risk points with a relatively large risk, and the number is less than or equal to 3, then the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is a medium risk. If there are no major risks and relatively large risks in the risk points of the construction stage, and only general risks and low risks appear, then the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is a low risk. If all the risk points in the construction stage are risk-free, then the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is risk-free.

[0011] Preferably, S1 is specifically as follows: Extract relevant information from the design drawings, construction plans, and geological exploration report materials of the port yard, including the size, layout, structural type, and material parameters of the yard. At the same time, use laser scanning and UAV photography technology to perform three-dimensional scanning on the construction site to obtain the topographic features, existing buildings, and underground pipeline information on the site. Finally, integrate the relevant information and the topographic features, existing buildings, and underground pipeline information on the site into BIM software to establish a three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard.

[0012] Preferably, S2 is specifically as follows: Divide the construction process of the port yard into different stages in the BIM model, then determine the construction environment parameters of the different construction stages based on historical meteorological and hydrological data, and simulate the construction conditions based on the construction environment parameters to obtain the construction safety risk points of different stages.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a BIM-based dynamic assessment system for port yard construction safety risks is provided. The system adopts the above-mentioned BIM-based dynamic assessment method for port yard construction safety risks. The system includes: BIM model building module, used to build a 3D BIM model of the port yard; A risk point identification module is used to obtain construction safety risk points according to different construction stages based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard; A risk point risk level assessment module is used to dynamically assess the construction safety risk of the construction safety risk points at different construction stages; The dynamic risk assessment module for port yard construction safety is used to determine the port yard construction safety risk assessment results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects: The present invention firstly uses the construction simulation function of the BIM model to determine the risk points in different construction stages according to the construction environment parameters, which is essentially equivalent to conducting a rough safety risk assessment of the port yard construction to determine the possible risk points. Then, the weights of different risk points in different construction stages are determined based on the hierarchical analysis method, and the risk point values and corresponding weights are input into the deep learning model to obtain the risk assessment results of the risk points in different construction stages. Finally, the port yard construction safety risk assessment results of the corresponding construction stage are determined according to the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages. On the one hand, it realizes the dynamic assessment of the port yard construction safety risk. On the other hand, it determines the port yard construction safety risk assessment with the help of the risk assessment of the safety points, making the port yard construction safety risk assessment more targeted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a BIM-based port yard construction safety risk dynamic assessment method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of dynamically evaluating the construction safety risk points at different construction stages provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0018] Appendix Figure 1 shows a flowchart of a dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks in a port yard based on BIM. As shown in the appendix Figure 1 A dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks in a port yard based on BIM includes the following steps: S1: Establish a three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard; The BIM model (Building Information Modeling) is a building life-cycle management technology based on three-dimensional digitization. By integrating multiple data such as geometric information, physical properties, functional parameters, and construction logic, it constructs a dynamic and visual engineering information carrier. It constructs a high-precision three-dimensional model based on parametric design tools (such as Revit, Tekla, etc.), supports multi-view viewing and dynamic section analysis. The model contains structured information such as component geometric dimensions, material properties, and construction timings. Through the application of the BIM model, the construction of the port yard can achieve the transformation from "experience-driven" to "data-driven", providing reliable technical support for the dynamic assessment of safety risks.

[0019] Among them, the specific content of S1 is: extract relevant information from materials such as the design drawings, construction plans, and geological exploration reports of the port yard, including the size, layout, structure type, material parameters, etc. of the yard; At the same time, use technologies such as laser scanning and UAV photography to perform three-dimensional scanning on the construction site to obtain information such as the topography, existing buildings, and underground pipelines on the site; Finally, integrate the above data into BIM software to establish a three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard.

[0020] S2: Based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard, obtain construction safety risk points according to different construction stages; As can be seen from the above, the BIM model is a building life-cycle management technology based on three-dimensional digitization. By integrating multiple data such as geometric information, physical properties, functional parameters, and construction logic, it constructs a dynamic and visual engineering information carrier. It constructs a high-precision three-dimensional model based on parametric design tools and supports multi-view viewing and dynamic section analysis; therefore, based on the established BIM model, by simulating construction conditions, construction safety risk points at different stages are obtained.

[0021] In this step, the different construction stages include the foundation trench and bank slope excavation stage, the foundation engineering construction stage, the wharf structure type construction stage, and the upper structure engineering construction stage of the wharf.

[0022] Specifically, S2 is as follows: In the BIM model, the construction process of the port yard is divided into different stages, and then based on historical meteorological and hydrological data, the construction environment parameters of the different construction stages are determined, and the construction conditions are simulated based on the construction environment parameters, so as to obtain the construction safety risk points at different stages.

[0023] With the help of the construction simulation function of the BIM model, in this step, the risk points at different construction stages are determined according to the construction environment parameters. In essence, it is equivalent to a rough safety risk assessment of the port yard construction to determine the possible risk points. Based on this, the determination of the construction environment parameters of the different construction stages based on historical meteorological and hydrological data is specifically as follows: The most extreme meteorological and hydrological data that have the greatest impact on construction safety are selected from the historical meteorological and hydrological data as the construction environment parameters of the different construction stages.

[0024] In this step, that is, the simulated construction environment parameters at different stages are the same, but due to different construction stages, the risk points at different construction stages may be different.

[0025] S3: Dynamically evaluate the construction safety risk points of different construction stages; Through the above steps, the construction safety risk points at different construction stages are obtained. Since the construction safety risk points at different stages may be different, the dynamic evaluation of construction safety risks is realized.

[0026] Specifically, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 shown, S3 is specifically as follows: S3.1: Establish a hierarchical structure model for the construction safety risk points of different construction stages; The port yard construction safety risk assessment problem is decomposed into an objective layer, a criterion layer, and an index layer. Among them, the objective layer is the port yard construction safety risk assessment; the criterion layer includes construction environment factors, geological condition factors, meteorological and hydrological factors, etc.; the index layer is the specific risk indicators under each criterion layer; Table 1 shows the port yard construction safety risk assessment indicators. The risk indicators under the construction environment factor criterion layer include: distance from the project to the sea, shelter condition of the project water area, water depth of the project water area, obstacles around the project construction site, typhoon shelter and anchorage, project location; The risk indicators under the geological condition factor criterion layer include: bank slope geology, geology of the wharf construction area; The risk indicators under the meteorological and hydrological factor criterion layer include: typhoon or gust, wind condition, wave height, tidal range, tidal current, fog days, freezing (ice run), and siltation degree; Table 1 Port yard construction safety risk assessment indicators

[0027] Construct a judgment matrix. By means of expert scoring, pairwise comparison is made on the importance of risk indicators at the same level relative to a certain risk indicator at the previous level, and judgment matrices at each level are constructed; It should be noted that due to different construction stages and different risk points, the numerical values of expert scoring may be different; The element a of the judgment matrix ij represents the comparison value of the relative importance of risk indicator i and risk indicator j, and its value range is 1-9 and its reciprocals; Calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix λ max and the corresponding eigenvector W . The eigenvector W after normalization is the relative weight of each element; Among them, the weight calculation formula is:

[0028] In the formula, n is the number of elements, w i is the eigenvector element of the judgment matrix; Conduct a consistency test, calculate the consistency index CI and the random consistency index RI, and judge whether the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency. When CI / RI < 0.1, it is considered that the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency, otherwise the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted; Among them, , RI The value of is obtained from the random consistency index table according to the order of the judgment matrix; through this step, the weights for different risk points in different construction stages can be obtained.

[0029] S3.2: Establish a deep learning model for risk assessment of risk points; Among them, the deep learning model is a Deep Neural Network (DNN); a deep neural network (DNN) is an algorithmic mathematical model that mimics the behavioral characteristics of the human neural network and performs distributed parallel information processing. It processes and learns data through the mutual connection of a large number of nodes (neurons), and contains multiple hidden layers. The output of each hidden layer serves as the input of the next layer. Through layer-by-layer feature extraction and transformation, it can learn more complex patterns and hierarchical structures in the data. Multi-hidden layer neural networks have achieved remarkable results in the field of risk assessment.

[0030] The deep learning model includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The activation function of the hidden layer is the Sigmoid function, and the output layer uses the Softmax function as the activation function. The connection mode between the nodes of each layer is the fully connected method (Fully Connected). The loss function during the training process is the Mean Squared Error (MSE) function, and the gradient descent method is used to update the weights and biases of the model; S3.3: According to the deep learning model, predict the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages; Among them, the input of the deep learning model is the value of the index layer corresponding to the risk point and the corresponding weight; the output of the deep learning model is the risk assessment level of the corresponding risk point; Among them, the risk assessment levels of the risk points include: major risk, relatively large risk, general risk, low risk, and no risk; In this step, a construction safety risk assessment is carried out on the risk points identified through the BIM model, that is, the deep learning model only assesses the safety risks of the input risk points, making the safety risk assessment more targeted.

[0031] S4: Determine the construction safety risk assessment results of the port yard during the corresponding construction stage according to the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages.

[0032] Among them, the construction safety risk assessment results of the port yard during the construction stage are high risk, medium risk, low risk, and no risk; In this step, determining the construction safety risk assessment results of the port yard during the corresponding construction stage according to the risk assessment levels of each risk point is specifically as follows: If there is a risk point with a major risk during the construction stage, then the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is high risk; if there is no major risk in the risk points of the construction stage and the number of risk points with relatively large risks is more than 3, then the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is high risk; If no major risks occur at the risk points during the construction phase, and there are risk points with relatively high risks, and the number of risk points is less than or equal to 3, the safety risk assessment result of the construction phase is considered medium risk; If no major or high risk points appear during the construction phase, but only general or low risk points appear, the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase will be considered low risk; If all risk points in the construction phase are risk-free, the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase will be risk-free.

[0033] In Example 2, the present invention further provides a BIM-based dynamic assessment system for port yard construction safety risks. The system adopts the BIM-based dynamic assessment method for port yard construction safety risks in Example 1. The system includes: BIM model building module, used to build a 3D BIM model of the port yard; A risk point identification module is used to obtain construction safety risk points according to different construction stages based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard; A risk point risk level assessment module is used to dynamically assess the construction safety risk of the construction safety risk points at different construction stages; The dynamic risk assessment module for port yard construction safety is used to determine the port yard construction safety risk assessment results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages.

[0034] Example 3: The present invention also provides an electronic device, including one or more processors and a memory.

[0035] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions.

[0036] The memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor may execute the program instructions to implement the BIM-based port yard construction safety risk dynamic assessment method of any embodiment of the present application described above and / or other desired functions. Various contents such as initial external parameters and thresholds may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0037] In one example, the electronic device may further include: an input device and an output device, and these components are interconnected through a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown). The input device may include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and so on. The output device may output various information to the outside, including warning prompt information, braking force, etc. The output device may include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, and a communication network and its connected remote output devices, and so on.

[0038] Of course, for the sake of simplicity, components such as buses, input / output interfaces, and so on are omitted. In addition, according to specific application scenarios, the electronic device may further include any other appropriate components.

[0039] In addition to the above methods and devices, an embodiment of the present application may also be a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are run by a processor, the processor implements the functions of the BIM-based dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks in a port yard provided by any embodiment of the present application.

[0040] The computer program product may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages to write program code for performing the operations of the embodiments of the present application. The programming languages include object-oriented programming languages, such as Java, C++, etc., and also include conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, executed as an independent software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.

[0041] In addition, an embodiment of the present application may also be a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored, and when the computer program instructions are run by a processor, the processor implements the BIM-based dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks in a port yard provided by any embodiment of the present application.

[0042] The computer-readable storage medium may adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable media may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may include, for example, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks in a port yard based on BIM, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Establish a three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard; S2: Based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard, obtain construction safety risk points according to different construction stages; S3: Conduct dynamic assessment of construction safety risks for the construction safety risk points in different construction stages; S4: Determine the construction safety risk assessment results of the port yard construction in the corresponding construction stage according to the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages.

2. The dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks of port yard based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein: The specific content of S3 is as follows: S3.1: Establish a hierarchical structure model for the construction safety risk assessment of the port yard; S3.2: Establish a deep learning model for the risk assessment of risk points; S3.3: According to the deep learning model, predict the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages.

3. The dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks of a port yard based on BIM according to claim 2, wherein: The specific content of S3.1 is as follows: Decompose the safety risk assessment problem of the construction safety risk points for different construction stages into an objective layer, a criterion layer, and an index layer. Among them, the objective layer is the construction safety risk assessment of the port yard; the criterion layer includes construction environment factors, geological condition factors, and meteorological and hydrological factors; the index layer is the specific risk indicators under each criterion layer. The risk indicators under the construction environment factor criterion layer include: distance from the project to the sea, shelter condition of the project waters, water depth of the project waters, obstacles around the project construction site, typhoon shelter and anchorage, project location; The risk indicators under the geological condition factor criterion layer include: bank slope geology, geology of the dock construction area; The risk indicators under the meteorological and hydrological factor criterion layer include: typhoon or gust, wind condition, wave height, tidal range, tidal current, fog days, freezing, siltation degree; Construct judgment matrices, and through the method of expert scoring, compare the importance of risk indicators at the same level pairwise with respect to a certain risk indicator at the upper level, and construct judgment matrices for each layer; The element a of the judgment matrix ij represents the comparison value of the relative importance between risk index i and risk index j, and its value range is 1-9 and their reciprocals; Calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix λ max and the corresponding eigenvector W , the eigenvector W After normalization, it is the relative weight of each element; Among them, the weight calculation formula is: ； where n is the number of elements, w i is the eigenvector element of the judgment matrix; Conduct consistency check, calculate the consistency index CI and the random consistency index RI, and judge whether the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency. When CI / RI < 0.1, it is considered that the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency, otherwise the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted; Among them, , RI The value is obtained from the random consistency index table according to the order of the judgment matrix.

4. The dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks of port yards based on BIM according to claim 2, wherein: In S3.2, the deep learning model is a deep neural network.

5. The dynamic risk assessment method for port yard construction safety based on BIM according to claim 4, characterized in that: The deep learning model includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The activation function of the hidden layer is the Sigmoid function, and the output layer uses the Softmax function as the activation function. The connection mode between the nodes of each layer is a full connection mode. The loss function during the training process is the mean square error function, and the gradient descent method is used to update the weights and biases of the model.

6. The dynamic risk assessment method for the construction safety of a port yard based on BIM according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S3.3, the input of the deep learning model is the value of the index layer corresponding to the risk point and the corresponding weight; The output of the deep learning model is the risk assessment level of the corresponding risk point.

7. The dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks of a port yard based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein: In S4, the specific method for determining the construction safety risk assessment result of the port yard in the corresponding construction stage according to the risk assessment levels of each risk point is as follows: If a risk point with major risks appears in the construction stage, the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is a high risk; if no major risks appear in the risk points of the construction stage and the number of risk points with relatively large risks is greater than 3, the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is a high risk; If no major risks appear in the risk points of the construction stage, relatively large risk points appear, and the number is less than or equal to 3, the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is a medium risk; If no major risks and relatively large risks appear in the risk points of the construction stage, only general risks and low risks appear, the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is a low risk; If all the risk points in the construction stage are risk-free, the safety risk assessment result of this construction stage is risk-free.

8. The dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks of port yards based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 is specifically as follows: Extract relevant information from the design drawings, construction plans, and geological exploration report materials of the port yard, including the size, layout, structural type, and material parameters of the yard; At the same time, use laser scanning and UAV photography technology to perform three-dimensional scanning on the construction site to obtain the topographic and geomorphic features, existing buildings, and underground pipeline information on the site; Finally, integrate the relevant information and the topographic and geomorphic features, existing buildings, and underground pipeline information on the site into the BIM software to establish a three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard.

9. The dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks of port yards based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein: S2 is specifically as follows: Divide the construction process of the port yard into different stages in the BIM model, then determine the construction environment parameters of the different construction stages based on historical meteorological and hydrological data, and simulate the construction conditions based on the construction environment parameters to obtain the construction safety risk points of different stages.

10. A dynamic assessment system for construction safety risks in a port yard based on BIM, characterized in that, The system adopts a BIM-based dynamic assessment method for construction safety risks of port yards described in any one of claims 1-9. The system includes: A BIM model establishment module for establishing a three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard; A risk point identification module for obtaining construction safety risk points based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard according to different construction stages; A risk point risk level assessment module for dynamically assessing the construction safety risks of the construction safety risk points in different construction stages; A dynamic risk assessment module for construction safety of port yards for determining the construction safety risk assessment result of the port yard in the corresponding construction stage according to the risk assessment levels of each risk point in different construction stages.

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