Microwave heat radiation crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention transduction device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave heat radiation crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention transduction device and a using method, the microwave heat radiation crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention transduction device comprises a magnetron waveguide, an isolator, a sealing window connecting piece, a microwave power supply board, a cooling liquid box, a heat radiation cavity and a controller, a microwave excitation part magnetron is a water jacket type magnetron, a microwave power supply adopts an oil immersion type heat radiation mode, and the microwave power supply adopts a water jacket type magnetron. Low-temperature transformer oil is selected as circulating cooling liquid, meanwhile, the microwave power panel is immersed in a transformer oil tank for heat dissipation, the transformer oil serves as cooling liquid for a microwave power source and also serves as circulating cooling liquid for a water jacket type magnetron, and the double functions are achieved. The water jacket loop cooling condensation part is connected to the front end of a heated medium crude oil pipeline, low-temperature crude oil is used for cooling circulating liquid, meanwhile, the crude oil is heated and preheated, and heat energy is fully utilized through mutual energy conversion of the crude oil and the microwave source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of crude oil gathering and transportation, and particularly relates to a microwave radiation heating crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During oilfield production, the oil, gas, and water mixture extracted from wells is transported via pipelines to transfer stations for oil-water separation. The viscosity of the crude oil during transportation creates high pipeline resistance, leading to scaling and waxing, high back pressure, and clogging. To improve the fluidity of crude oil during transportation, heating is used to reduce its viscosity. However, due to the low temperature of buried pipelines, the crude oil cools quickly, making it suitable only for short-distance transportation. Over longer distances, the viscosity returns to normal after the temperature drops. Another approach, chemically adding viscosity reducers, is effective but carries the risk of secondary pollution and increases the burden on subsequent water treatment.

[0003] Microwave energy is a clean, efficient, and energy-saving technology with both thermal and non-thermal properties. Microwave heating is volumetric heating. Polar molecules in crude oil experience friction due to the external electric field, driven by the torque of the electric field. The stronger the external electric field, the greater the molecular friction. A microwave frequency of 2.45G generates 2.45 billion frictions per second, generating heat very quickly and uniformly, heating both the inside and outside of the oil. This results in more uniform heating and higher thermal efficiency. Microwave heating is easily controlled and stops immediately upon power outage, eliminating thermal inertia and carbon emissions.

[0004] The non-thermal effect of microwaves can alter the molecular structure of crude oil, breaking down long carbon chain solid components into low carbon chain gaseous and liquid components. This increases the oil's fluidity and alters its molecular structure. This is an irreversible chemical change, and even when the temperature drops, the viscosity does not rebound or recover. These two aspects demonstrate that microwave heating is the optimal method for reducing crude oil viscosity.

[0005] The thermal efficiency of microwave energy conversion is around 70% to 80%. The remaining heat energy is consumed primarily through two sources: heat generated by the magnetron and microwave power supply itself. The other source is the mismatch between the impedance of the heated material and its absorption of the microwaves. This mismatched microwave energy is reflected back to the magnetron and consumed as heat, damaging its service life. While increasing the circulator's water load can absorb this microwave energy and protect the magnetron, this heat is still wasted. Because the crude oil volume and water content flowing through the pipeline fluctuate in real time, the load impedance of microwave heating in actual operation fluctuates in real time. This inevitably causes a mismatch with the microwave source, damaging the magnetron or wasting reflected microwave energy. When the microwave source and magnetron are working, the temperature of the microwave transmission waveguide can reach tens of degrees, which can easily burn people if not careful. The air cooling effect is poor and the explosion-proof fan is large and not suitable for on-site installation. Water cooling requires a water source and a water chiller, and the water is prone to scaling and descaling, which is another problem.

[0006] Oilfields operate under complex conditions, with high continuous production pipeline pressures. Equipment maintenance must not disrupt pipeline operations, making the design of microwave heating chambers challenging. Poor design can easily lead to microwave leakage, electromagnetic radiation, and even ignition hazards. These factors limit the widespread application of microwaves in oilfields. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized, continuously working, high thermal efficiency, microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device under oil field production conditions and a method for use.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means: a microwave irradiation crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention transducer device, comprising: Magnetron waveguide, isolator, sealing window connector, microwave power board, coolant tank, radiant heating cavity and controller, The magnetron waveguide outlet is connected to the isolator inlet, the isolator outlet is connected to the sealing window connector, and the sealing window connector is connected to the radiant heating cavity to allow the microwave output by the isolator to enter the radiant heating cavity. The microwave power board and controller are both connected to the magnetron waveguide. The coolant tank is connected to the magnetron waveguide and isolator respectively. The sealing window connector includes a sealing window hole connected to the radiant heat cavity, a boss groove is connected above the sealing window hole, a downwardly concave wave-transmitting body groove is opened on the boss groove, a wave-transmitting body is placed in the wave-transmitting body groove, and a pressure cover flange is detachably connected above to press the wave-transmitting body into the wave-transmitting body groove. At the same time, a wave-transmitting hole is also opened on the pressure cover flange. A circulating pump is provided in the coolant tank, and the microwave power board is arranged in the coolant tank. The magnetron waveguide comprises a water-jacketed magnetron and a waveguide excitation cavity, wherein the water-jacketed magnetron is connected to the waveguide excitation cavity, and the emitting end of the waveguide excitation cavity, i.e., the microwave emitting head, extends into the waveguide excitation cavity; The isolator comprises a circulator and a water load connected to the circulator, the waveguide excitation cavity outlet is connected to the circulator inlet, and the circulator outlet is connected to the sealing window connector.

[0009] The water jacket magnetron is provided with a magnetron water jacket water inlet and a magnetron water jacket water outlet; the water load is provided with a load water jacket inlet and a load water jacket outlet, the magnetron water jacket inlet is connected to the coolant outlet of the coolant tank through a pipeline, the load water jacket outlet is connected to the coolant inlet of the coolant tank through a pipeline, and the magnetron water jacket outlet is connected to the load water jacket inlet through a pipeline.

[0010] It also includes a heat exchange coil, which is arranged at the liquid inlet of the radiant heat cavity. The radiant heat cavity is provided with a heat exchange coil outlet and a heat exchange coil inlet. The load water jacket outlet is connected to the heat exchange coil through the heat exchange coil inlet and a pipeline. The coolant inlet is connected to the heat exchange coil through the heat exchange coil outlet and a pipeline.

[0011] The radiant heat cavity includes a reducer and reducer variable diameter inlet and a reducer and reducer variable diameter outlet at both ends. The reducer and reducer variable diameter inlet is also connected to a crude oil inlet temperature connector, and the reducer and reducer variable diameter outlet is connected to a crude oil outlet temperature connector. Both the crude oil inlet temperature connector and the crude oil outlet temperature connector are electrically connected to a controller.

[0012] The reducer outlet is connected to an external oil pipeline, and the oil pipeline is connected to a pressure sensor, a flow meter and a water content meter which are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0013] The wave-transmitting body is larger than the sealing window hole, and the sealing window hole, the wave-transmitting hole and the isolator outlet are of the same size and are located on the same line.

[0014] A shielding sealing ring is provided between the wave-transmitting body and the gland flange, and a pressure-bearing sealing ring is provided between the wave-transmitting body and the sealing window hole.

[0015] The reducing inlet of the reducing head is connected to the front end of the radiant heat cavity, the reducing inlet of the reducing head is at the same level as the bottom of the radiant heat cavity at the lower part of the radiant heat cavity, the reducing outlet of the reducing head is connected to the rear end of the radiant heat cavity, the reducing outlet of the reducing head is at the same level as the upper part of the radiant heat cavity.

[0016] A method for using a microwave radiant heating crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention transducer device, wherein a microwave transmitting head of a water-jacketed magnetron transmits microwaves to a waveguide excitation cavity. The microwaves are radiated into the radiant heating cavity through the waveguide excitation cavity, a circulator, and a wave-transmitting body, heating the crude oil in the radiant heating cavity, thereby achieving viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention. At the same time, the circulation pump of the coolant tank pumps the coolant into the water jacket magnetron and water load to cool the water jacket magnetron and circulator, and then returns to the coolant tank for cooling circulation; The crude oil enters from the reducing inlet at the bottom front end of the radiant heating cavity, is preheated by the heat exchange coil, then heated by microwave radiation passing through the wave-transmitting body, and finally discharged from the reducing outlet at the top rear end.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the microwave excitation magnetron uses a water-jacketed magnetron, the microwave power supply uses an oil-immersed heat dissipation method, and the circulating coolant uses low-temperature transformer oil. Simultaneously, the microwave power supply board is immersed in a transformer oil tank for heat dissipation. The transformer oil serves as a coolant for both the microwave power supply and the water-jacketed magnetron, achieving two goals at once. The cooling and condensing portion of the water-jacketed circuit is connected to the front end of a crude oil pipeline, utilizing the heated medium. The low-temperature crude oil is used to cool the circulating fluid while also preheating the crude oil. This fully utilizes the heat energy exchanged between the crude oil and the microwave source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the microwave irradiation crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device; Figure 2 This is another structural diagram of a microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device; In the figure, 1, magnetron waveguide, 11, waveguide excitation cavity, 12, microwave launch head, 13, water jacket magnetron, 14, magnetron water jacket water inlet, 15, magnetron water jacket water outlet, 16, waveguide connecting flange, 2. Isolator, 21. Circulator, 22. Circulator outlet connection flange, 23. Load water jacket inlet, 24. Water load, 25. Load water jacket outlet, 3. Sealing window connector, 31. Gland flange, 32. Connecting bolts, 33. Boss groove, 34. Shielding seal ring, 35. Transparent body, 36. Pressure-bearing seal ring, 37. Sealing window hole, 4. Microwave power board, 5. Coolant tank, 51. Coolant outlet, 52. Coolant inlet, 53. Circulation pump, 6. Radiant heat chamber, 61. Reducer inlet, 62. Reducer outlet, 63. Crude oil inlet temperature connector, 64. Crude oil outlet temperature connector, 65. Pressure sensor, 66. Flow meter, 67. Water content meter, 7. Heat exchange coil, 71. Heat exchange coil outlet, 72. Heat exchange coil inlet, 8. Controller The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, a microwave irradiation crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention transducer device comprises: Magnetron waveguide 1, isolator 2, sealing window connector 3, microwave power board 4, coolant tank 5, radiant heat cavity 6 and controller 8, The outlet of the magnetron waveguide 1 is connected to the inlet of the isolator 2, and the outlet of the isolator 2 is connected to the sealing window connector 3. The sealing window connector 3 is connected to the radiant heat cavity 6 to allow the microwave output by the isolator 2 to enter the radiant heat cavity 6. The microwave power board 4 and the controller 8 are both electrically connected to the magnetron waveguide 1. The coolant tank 5 is connected to the magnetron waveguide 1 and the isolator 2 respectively. The magnetron waveguide 1 is used to transmit microwaves, which are transmitted from the sealing window connector 3 to the radiant heating cavity 6 through the isolator 2 to preheat the crude oil in the radiant heating cavity 6, thereby achieving viscosity reduction and wax prevention.

[0020] The coolant tank 5 is connected to the magnetron waveguide 1 and the isolator 2 to provide circulating cooling for both. The microwave power supply board 4 supplies power to the magnetron waveguide 1. The controller 8 controls the operation of other components.

[0021] The magnetron waveguide 1 and the isolator 2 are connected to each other via a waveguide connection flange 16 .

[0022] The sealing window connector 3 includes a sealing window hole 37 connected to the radiant heat cavity 6, and a boss groove 33 is connected above the sealing window hole 37. A downwardly concave wave-transmitting body groove is opened on the boss groove 33, and a wave-transmitting body 35 is placed in the wave-transmitting body groove. A pressure cover flange 31 is detachably connected to the top to press the wave-transmitting body 35 into the wave-transmitting body groove. At the same time, a wave-transmitting hole is also opened on the pressure cover flange 31. The sealing window hole 37 is a pipe structure connected to the radiant heat cavity 6, and its upper end is connected to the boss groove 33. The boss groove 33 is a cube as a whole, and a downwardly concave wave-transmitting body groove is set in the center. The wave-transmitting body 35 is placed in the groove. The sealing window hole 37 is actually connected to the lower end of the wave-transmitting body groove. A pressure cover flange 31 is detachably connected above the boss groove 33 for pressing the wave-transmitting body 35 into the wave-transmitting body groove.

[0023] The radiant heating cavity 6 is designed as a DN150 seamless steel pipe section with a hole opened at the upper part, and is connected to the outlet of the isolator 2 through a sealing window connector 3. The microwave radiant heating cavity 6 is designed as a pipeline type and is directly connected in series in the oil pipeline as part of the pipeline.

[0024] The magnetron waveguide 1 includes a water-jacketed magnetron 13 and a waveguide excitation cavity 11. The water-jacketed magnetron 13 is connected to the waveguide excitation cavity 11. The transmitting end of the water-jacketed magnetron 13, i.e., the microwave transmitting head 12, extends into the waveguide excitation cavity 11. The microwave excitation part magnetron uses a water-jacketed magnetron. The isolator 2 includes a circulator 21 and a water load 24 connected to the circulator 21. The outlet of the waveguide excitation cavity 11 is connected to the inlet of the circulator 21, and the outlet of the circulator 21 is connected to the sealing window connector 3.

[0025] The boss groove 33 is connected to the annulator 21 through the outlet connecting flange 22 of the annulator 21 .

[0026] The wave-transmitting body 35 is larger than the sealing window 37 . The sealing window 37 , the wave-transmitting hole and the outlet of the isolator 2 are of the same size and are located on the same line.

[0027] A shielding sealing ring 34 is provided between the wave-transmitting body 35 and the gland flange 31 , and a pressure-bearing sealing ring 36 is provided between the wave-transmitting body 35 and the sealing window hole 37 .

[0028] The radiant heat cavity 6 opens a microwave radiation hole and welds a sealing window connector 3 to connect it to the microwave source. The sealing window connector 3 includes a gland flange 31, a boss groove 33, a wave-transmitting body 35, a sealing window hole 37 and a connecting bolt 32. The opening size of the sealing window connector 3 is consistent with the size of the upper waveguide excitation cavity 11 and the outlet cavity of the isolator 2, forming a closed rectangular cavity for microwave transmission. The boss groove 33 is installed with a wave-transmitting body 35 that can withstand high pressure. The wave-transmitting body 35 isolates the crude oil medium in the cavity below from the equipment. Between the sealing window hole 37 and the wave-transmitting body 35, that is, the oil sealing groove on the surface of the wave-transmitting body groove, is used to place a pressure-bearing sealing ring 36, which can withstand the production pressure of 6.3 MPa of the oil pipeline.

[0029] A sealing groove for mounting a sealing ring is provided between the gland flange 31 and the wave-transmitting body 35, i.e., on the surface of the boss groove 33. A shielding sealing ring 34 is installed in this sealing groove to prevent microwave leakage through the gap, achieving dual shielding, both bearing pressure and preventing microwave electromagnetic radiation. The gland flange 31 is fastened to the circulator outlet connecting flange 22 via bolts. The gland flange 31 and the boss groove 33 are also fastened to each other via bolts. This allows for maintenance without affecting normal oil delivery when the upper microwave source needs to be removed. The number of sealing window connectors 3 is greater than or equal to two. The number of magnetron waveguides 1, isolators 2, and microwave power boards 4 is the same as that of the sealing window connectors 3. The magnetron waveguides 1 corresponding to each set of sealing window connectors 3 are arranged orthogonally. The wave-transmitting body 35 can both transmit microwaves and reflect microwaves into the microwave heating cavity. The selection of the wave-transmitting body 35 must take into account factors such as long-term high temperature resistance, flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, electrical strength, etc., as well as the influence of the pipeline pressure. The wave-transmitting body 35 of this embodiment is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, mica sheet or polyetheretherketone sheet.

[0030] Microwave energy is excited by a microwave source, and the microwave power supply board 4 generates high voltage electricity to power the water-cooled magnetron 13. The water-cooled magnetron 13 is connected to the waveguide excitation cavity 11. The microwave transmitting head 12 extends into the waveguide excitation cavity 11 to emit microwaves. The microwaves radiate toward the radiant heat cavity 6 in the waveguide excitation cavity 11, first enter the isolator 2 through the waveguide connecting flange 16, pass through the circulator outlet connecting flange 22 of the circulator 21, and penetrate the waveguide body 31 through the sealing window connecting piece 3 to enter the radiant heat cavity 6.

[0031] Microwave reflection and radiation process: The microwaves that are not absorbed in the radiant cavity 6 are reflected back to the circulator 21 from the sealed window connector 3. In the circulator 21, the microwaves are influenced by the ferrite poles and diverted to the water load 24. They are completely absorbed by the absorbing material in the water load 24. At the same time, the heat generated is transferred and carried away by the coolant flowing through the water jacket of the water load 24.

[0032] The water jacket magnetron 13 is provided with a magnetron water jacket inlet 14 and a magnetron water jacket outlet 15; the water load 24 is provided with a load water jacket inlet 23 and a load water jacket outlet 25. The magnetron water jacket inlet 14 is connected to the coolant outlet 51 of the coolant tank 5 through a pipe, the load water jacket outlet 25 is connected to the coolant inlet 52 of the coolant tank 5 through a pipe, and the magnetron water jacket outlet 15 is connected to the load water jacket inlet 23 through a pipe.

[0033] A circulation pump 53 is provided in the coolant tank 5 , and the microwave power board 4 is provided in the coolant tank 5 .

[0034] The microwave power supply adopts an oil-immersed heat dissipation method, and the circulating coolant adopts low-temperature transformer oil. At the same time, the microwave power board 4 is immersed in the coolant tank 5 for heat dissipation. The transformer oil serves as a coolant for the microwave power board 4 and also as a circulating coolant for the water-jacketed magnetron 13, achieving two goals at one stroke.

[0035] The coolant passes through the circulation pump 53, enters the magnetron water jacket water inlet 14 from the coolant outlet 51, then enters the water jacket magnetron 13 from the magnetron water jacket water inlet 14, and then enters the load water jacket inlet 23 from the magnetron water jacket outlet 15, and returns to the coolant inlet 52 from the load water jacket outlet 25, completing a whole cycle.

[0036] The heat exchange coil 7 is also included. The heat exchange coil 7 is arranged at the liquid inlet of the radiant heat cavity 6. The radiant heat cavity 6 is provided with a heat exchange coil outlet 71 and a heat exchange coil inlet 72. The load water jacket outlet 25 is connected to the heat exchange coil 7 through the heat exchange coil inlet 72 and a pipeline. The coolant inlet 52 is connected to the heat exchange coil 7 through the heat exchange coil outlet 71 and a pipeline.

[0037] Furthermore, the heat exchange coil 7 utilizes the waste heat of the water-jacketed magnetron 13 and the water load 24 to heat the crude oil in the radiant heating cavity 6 .

[0038] The coolant in heat exchange coil 7 circulates through load water jacket outlet 25, heat exchange coil inlet 72, heat exchange coil 7, heat exchange coil outlet 71, and coolant inlet 52. The cooling and condensing portion of the water jacket circuit is connected to the front end of the crude oil pipeline, which utilizes the heated medium. This low-temperature crude oil cools the circulating fluid while also preheating it. The heat energy exchanged between the crude oil and the microwave source is fully utilized.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, one is to use a water jacket load circulator 21, and the water load 24 of the circulator 21 is connected in series in the magnetron water jacket circuit to form a complete energy conversion circuit; like Figure 2 As shown, secondly, the load outlet of the circulator 21 feeds the microwave energy back to the pipeline through the wave-transmitting body 35 to radiate heat to the crude oil to achieve energy recycling, and the water load 24 is no longer used.

[0040] The sealing window connector 3 is welded to the radiant heat cavity 6. A stainless steel heat exchange coil 7 is inserted in the front section of the sealing window connector 3 in the oil incoming direction. The heat exchange coil outlet 71 and the heat exchange coil inlet 72 are welded to the steel pipe, that is, the radiant heat cavity 6. Pipelines are led out from the heat exchange coil outlet 71 and the heat exchange coil inlet 72 to connect to the coolant circulation loop.

[0041] The radiant heat cavity 6 includes a reducing head inlet 61 and a reducing head outlet 62 at both ends. The reducing head inlet 61 is also connected to a crude oil inlet temperature connector 63, and the reducing head outlet 62 is connected to a crude oil outlet temperature connector 64. The crude oil inlet temperature connector 63 and the crude oil outlet temperature connector 64 are both electrically connected to the controller 8.

[0042] The reducer outlet 62 is connected to an external oil pipeline, and the oil pipeline is connected to a pressure sensor 65 , a flow meter 66 and a water content meter 67 , which are all electrically connected to the controller 8 .

[0043] The large and small head variable diameter inlet 61 is connected to the front end of the radiant heat cavity 6, and the large and small head variable diameter inlet 61 is at the lower part of the radiant heat cavity 6 and is horizontal with the bottom of the radiant heat cavity 6. The large and small head variable diameter outlet 62 is connected to the rear end of the radiant heat cavity 6, and the large and small head variable diameter outlet 62 is at the upper part of the radiant heat cavity 6 and is horizontal with the upper part of the radiant heat cavity 6.

[0044] The crude oil inlet and outlet are designed with low inlet and high outlet. Fine sand and other impurities in the crude oil are reduced in viscosity after radiant heating, allowing them to settle within the chamber, thus filtering the crude oil. Crude oil pipe diameters are generally less than DN150. For example, for a DN50 oil well pipeline, an eccentric inlet reducer 61 is welded to the front end of the radiant heating chamber 6. The inlet is aligned with the bottom of the chamber 6 at the bottom. An eccentric outlet reducer 62 is welded to the rear end of the chamber 6. The outlet is aligned with the top of the chamber 6 at the top. A crude oil inlet temperature connector 63 is welded to the bottom of the inlet reducer 61. During normal operation, a temperature transmitter sleeve is installed to monitor the crude oil inlet temperature. This serves as the outlet for chamber cleaning during maintenance. A crude oil outlet temperature connector 64 is welded to the top of the outlet reducer 62. During normal operation, a temperature transmitter sleeve is installed to monitor the crude oil outlet temperature. During maintenance, this serves as the hot steam inlet for chamber cleaning. The outlet of the radiant heating cavity 6 is a DN50 straight pipe section on which a pressure sensor 65, a flow meter 66 and a water content meter 67 are installed to monitor the changes in pressure, flow and water content of the oil pipeline in real time. Together with the temperature transmitters at the inlet and outlet of the radiant heating cavity, they are connected to the controller 8, which is specifically a PLC smart controller.

[0045] A method for using a microwave radiant heating crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention transducer device. The microwave transmitting head 12 of a water-jacketed magnetron 13 transmits microwaves to a waveguide excitation cavity 11. The microwaves are radiated into a radiant heating cavity 6 through the waveguide excitation cavity 11, a circulator 21, and a wave-transmitting body 35, heating the crude oil in the radiant heating cavity 6, thereby achieving viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention. At the same time, the circulation pump 53 of the coolant tank 5 pumps the coolant into the water jacket magnetron 13 and the water load 24 to cool the water jacket magnetron 13 and the circulator 21, and then returns to the coolant tank 5 for cooling circulation; Furthermore, the cooling liquid after heat exchange also enters the heat exchange coil 7 to preheat the crude oil at the inlet end of the radiant cavity 6 by heat exchange preheating.

[0046] The crude oil enters the radiant heating cavity 6 from the reducer inlet 61 at the lower front end, is preheated by the heat exchange coil 7, is then heated by microwave radiation passing through the wave-transmitting body 35, and is finally discharged from the reducer outlet 62 at the upper rear end.

[0047] The function of the circulator 21 is to allow microwaves to pass from the magnetron waveguide 1 through the circulator 21 and the sealing window connector 3 into the radiant heating cavity 6. Microwaves reflected from the radiant heating cavity 6 are then passed through the circulator 21 into the water load 24. This means that microwaves are prohibited from traveling from the water load 24 to the magnetron waveguide 1, resulting in one-way transmission and reverse isolation. The absorbing material in the water load 24 absorbs the microwave energy, generating heat. This heat is then absorbed and carried away by the coolant flowing from the load water jacket inlet 23 through the load water jacket outlet 25. Heat dissipated by the isolator 2 is transferred to the coolant, which then enters the heat exchange coil 7 in the front section of the radiant heating cavity 6 through the heat exchange coil inlet 72, where it preheats the crude oil.

Claims

1. A microwave irradiation crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device, characterized in that: include: Magnetron waveguide (1), isolator (2), sealing window connector (3), microwave power board (4), coolant tank (5), radiant heat cavity (6) and controller (8), The outlet of the magnetron waveguide (1) is connected to the inlet of the isolator (2), the outlet of the isolator (2) is connected to the sealing window connector (3), the sealing window connector (3) is connected to the radiant heat cavity (6), and is used to allow the microwave output by the isolator (2) to enter the radiant heat cavity (6), the microwave power supply board (4) and the controller (8) are both electrically connected to the magnetron waveguide (1), and the coolant tank (5) is respectively connected to the magnetron waveguide (1) and the isolator (2); The sealing window connector (3) includes a sealing window hole (37) connected to the radiant heat cavity (6), a boss groove (33) is connected above the sealing window hole (37), a downwardly concave wave-transmitting body groove is opened on the boss groove (33), a wave-transmitting body (35) is placed in the wave-transmitting body groove, a pressure cover flange (31) is detachably connected above, the wave-transmitting body (35) is pressed into the wave-transmitting body groove, and a wave-transmitting hole is also opened on the pressure cover flange (31), a circulating pump (53) is arranged in the coolant tank (5), and the microwave power supply board (4) is arranged in the coolant tank (5).

2. The microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetron waveguide (1) comprises a water-jacketed magnetron (13) and a waveguide excitation cavity (11), the water-jacketed magnetron (13) is connected to the waveguide excitation cavity (11), and the emitting end of the waveguide excitation cavity (11), i.e., the microwave emitting head (12), extends into the waveguide excitation cavity (11); The isolator (2) includes a circulator (21) and a water load (24) connected to the circulator (21); the outlet of the waveguide excitation cavity (11) is connected to the inlet of the circulator (21); and the outlet of the circulator (21) is connected to the sealing window connector (3).

3. The microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water jacket magnetron (13) is provided with a magnetron water jacket water inlet (14) and a magnetron water jacket water outlet (15); the water load (24) is provided with a load water jacket inlet (23) and a load water jacket outlet (25); the magnetron water jacket inlet (14) is connected to the coolant outlet (51) of the coolant tank (5) via a pipe; the load water jacket outlet (25) is connected to the coolant inlet (52) of the coolant tank (5) via a pipe; and the magnetron water jacket outlet (15) is connected to the load water jacket inlet (23) via a pipe.

4. The microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange coil (7) is also included. The heat exchange coil (7) is arranged at the liquid inlet of the radiant heat cavity (6). The radiant heat cavity (6) is provided with a heat exchange coil outlet (71) and a heat exchange coil inlet (72). The load water jacket outlet (25) is connected to the heat exchange coil (7) through the heat exchange coil inlet (72) and a pipeline. The coolant inlet (52) is connected to the heat exchange coil (7) through the heat exchange coil outlet (71) and a pipeline.

5. The microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiant heat cavity (6) comprises a reducer inlet (61) and a reducer outlet (62) at both ends. The reducer inlet (61) is further connected to a crude oil inlet temperature connector (63), and the reducer outlet (62) is connected to a crude oil outlet temperature connector (64). Both the crude oil inlet temperature connector (63) and the crude oil outlet temperature connector (64) are electrically connected to a controller (8).

6. The microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer outlet (62) is connected to an external oil pipeline, and the oil pipeline is connected to a pressure sensor (65), a flow meter (66), and a water content meter (67), all of which are electrically connected to the controller (8).

7. The microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-transmitting body (35) is larger than the sealing window hole (37), and the sealing window hole (37), the wave-transmitting hole and the outlet of the isolator (2) are of the same size and are located on the same line.

8. The microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shielding sealing ring (34) is provided between the wave-transmitting body (35) and the gland flange (31), and a pressure-bearing sealing ring (37) is provided between the wave-transmitting body (35) and the sealing window hole (37).

9. The microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The variable diameter inlet (61) is connected to the front end of the heat radiating cavity (6), and the variable diameter inlet (61) is at the bottom of the heat radiating cavity (6) and is level with the bottom of the heat radiating cavity (6). The variable diameter outlet (62) is connected to the rear end of the heat radiating cavity (6), and the variable diameter outlet (62) is at the upper part of the heat radiating cavity (6) and is level with the upper part of the heat radiating cavity (6).

10. A method for using a microwave-heated crude oil viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention energy conversion device, characterized in that: The microwave transmitting head (12) of the water-jacketed magnetron (13) transmits microwaves to the waveguide excitation cavity (11), and the microwaves are radiated into the radiant heating cavity (6) through the waveguide excitation cavity (11), the circulator (21), and the wave-transmitting body (35), thereby heating the crude oil in the radiant heating cavity (6), thereby achieving viscosity reduction and wax scale prevention; At the same time, the circulation pump (53) of the coolant tank (5) pumps the coolant into the water jacket magnetron (13) and the water load (24), cooling the water jacket magnetron (13) and the circulator (21), and then returns to the coolant tank (5) for cooling circulation; The crude oil enters from the reducer inlet (61) below the front end of the radiant heating cavity (6), is preheated by the heat exchange coil (7), and then heated by microwave radiation passing through the wave-transmitting body (35), and finally discharged from the reducer outlet (62) above the rear end.

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