Hybrid permanent magnet memory motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid permanent magnet memory motor which is characterized in that a rotor iron core of a hybrid permanent magnet rotor is arranged around the outside of a non-magnetic rotating shaft, a first permanent magnet, two third permanent magnets and two second permanent magnets which are magnetized tangentially are arranged below each pole of the rotor iron core, and the first permanent magnet is arranged in a manner of being vertical to an air gap side in a linear manner; the two second permanent magnets are attached to the two sides of the first permanent magnet in a splayed mode, openings of the second permanent magnets face the rotating shaft, the sides, close to the air gap, of the two third permanent magnets are arranged in an arc shape, the sides, close to the air gap, of the first permanent magnets are provided with long-direction magnetic barriers, the sides, close to the air gap, of the second permanent magnets are provided with right-angled triangular magnetic barriers, and the sides, close to the air gap, of the third permanent magnets are provided with triangular magnetic barriers. The air gap flux density of the motor can be increased, and the torque output capacity of the motor is improved; the speed regulation range of the motor is greatly widened; the risk of accidental demagnetization caused by the fact that the second permanent magnet is influenced by magnetism adjusting current is reduced, the circuit structure is quite simple in form, and rotor space crowding is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of permanent magnet motors, and in particular to a hybrid permanent magnet memory motor which is more flexible and has a wider magnetic adjustment range. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of power electronics technology and high-performance rare earth materials, permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have been widely used in various industrial applications such as electric vehicles, air compressors, and aerospace due to their advantages of high power density, high efficiency, reliable operation, and strong overload capacity. However, due to the inherent characteristics of traditional high-performance permanent magnet materials (such as NdFeB), the air gap magnetic field in ordinary permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) remains basically constant, resulting in a very limited speed regulation range during electric operation. This has limited their application in wide-speed direct drive applications such as electric vehicles and aerospace. Therefore, the development of adjustable flux permanent magnet motors, which aims to effectively regulate the air gap magnetic field of permanent magnet motors, has always been a hot topic and a challenge in the field of motor research.

[0003] To achieve a wider speed regulation range, the traditional approach is to apply a weakening current to expand the motor's speed regulation range, thereby extending the constant power range. However, this continuous application of a weakening current significantly increases the motor's copper loss, significantly reducing efficiency in the motor's high-speed operating range. Existing research has largely focused on AC-type hybrid permanent magnet memory motors. Two permanent magnets made of different materials are co-excited within the rotor: NdFeB permanent magnets provide the air gap main magnetic field, while AlNiCo permanent magnets regulate the magnetic field. The stator windings perform both power control and magnetic regulation. Prior art proposes a rotor core and motor for a series-type permanent magnet motor. This motor utilizes a conventional series-type magnetic circuit structure. Due to the insufficient coercivity of AlNiCo permanent magnets, they are easily reverse-demagnetized by NdFeB permanent magnets under no-load conditions. In conventional series-type memory motors, the magnetic circuit is typically fixed, meaning the magnetic regulation range is limited by the magnetizing capacity of AlNiCo. This structure limits the flexibility of flux regulation, thus impacting the magnetic regulation range. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid permanent magnet memory motor that is more flexible and has a wider magnetic adjustment range.

[0005] Technical solution: The present invention includes a stator, an armature winding, a hybrid permanent magnet rotor and a non-magnetic rotating shaft, and is characterized in that the rotor core of the hybrid permanent magnet rotor is arranged around the outside of the non-magnetic rotating shaft, and a tangentially magnetized first permanent magnet and two third permanent magnets are provided under each pole of the rotor core. The two second permanent magnets, the first permanent magnet is placed in a straight line vertically on the air gap side, and the two second permanent magnets are placed in an eight-shaped shape attached to both sides of the first permanent magnet with their openings facing the rotating shaft. The two third permanent magnets are placed in an arc shape close to the air gap side, the first permanent magnet has a long magnetic barrier on the air gap side, the second permanent magnet has a right-angled triangular magnetic barrier on the air gap side, and the third permanent magnet has a triangular magnetic barrier on the air gap side. There is a triangular magnetic barrier between the second permanent magnets of each adjacent pole, and the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet under the same pole are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first permanent magnet, and the central axis of the first permanent magnet coincides with the central axis of the second permanent magnet.

[0006] Furthermore, the triangular magnetic barrier and the right-angled triangular magnetic barrier are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the first permanent magnet.

[0007] Furthermore, the rectangular magnetic barrier coincides with the central axis of the first permanent magnet.

[0008] Furthermore, the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are in a series relationship under a magnetization working condition in the magnetic circuit, and are in a series or series-parallel relationship under a magnetization working condition.

[0009] Furthermore, in the magnetization working condition, the third permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent second permanent magnets are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise.

[0010] Furthermore, in the magnetization working condition, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet is tangential magnetization, and the magnetization direction of the third permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is the same as that of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, which is clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0011] Furthermore, under the weak magnetic condition, the speed regulation is divided into three levels, namely the first level magnetic regulation condition, the second level magnetic regulation condition and the third level magnetic regulation condition.

[0012] Furthermore, under the first-stage magnetic tuning condition, the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are both clockwise or counterclockwise, the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, and the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet respectively operate in forward magnetization and reverse magnetic weakening conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, under the second-stage magnetic tuning condition, the magnetization directions of the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions. At this time, the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet respectively operate in reverse weakening magnetization and forward magnetization conditions.

[0014] Furthermore, under the third-stage magnetic modulation working condition, the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and are clockwise or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the second permanent magnet. The first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet both operate in the reverse weak magnetic working condition.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0016] (1) When the motor of the present invention is in a magnetizing condition, the magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet is tangential magnetization, and when the magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet is the same as that of the second permanent magnet, which is clockwise or counterclockwise, the permanent magnetic flux generated by the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, and the third permanent magnet all flows into the stator through the air gap, and the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet partially form a series magnetic circuit with the second permanent magnet, which can increase the air gap magnetic density of the motor and improve the torque output capacity of the motor;

[0017] (2) The motor of the present invention can achieve three-level magnetic regulation in weak magnetic working conditions. The three magnetizing methods can flexibly change the air gap magnetic density of the motor according to the speed regulation requirements of the working conditions, greatly broadening the speed regulation range of the motor;

[0018] (3) The present invention reduces the risk of accidental demagnetization of the second permanent magnet due to the influence of the magnetizing current by arranging the second permanent magnet on both sides of the wide-body permanent magnet of the first permanent magnet of each pole. The circuit structure is very simple, avoiding congestion in the rotor space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the permanent magnet memory motor proposed in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The figure is a distribution diagram of magnetized magnetic lines of force of the motor of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is the magnetic field line distribution diagram of the first-stage weak magnetic working condition of the motor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is the magnetic field line distribution diagram of the second-stage weak magnetic working condition of the motor of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is the magnetic field line distribution diagram of the third-stage weak magnetic working condition of the motor of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 The air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the motor of the present invention under the magnetization working condition;

[0025] Figure 7 The air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the first-stage weak magnetic working condition of the motor of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 The air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the second-stage weak magnetic working condition of the motor of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 The air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the third-stage weak magnetic working condition of the motor of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a magnetic field line distribution diagram of the second embodiment of the motor of the present invention under the field weakening working condition;

[0029] Figure 11 Air gap flux density diagrams of the second embodiment of the motor of the present invention under magnetization and field weakening conditions;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a magnetic field line distribution diagram of the third embodiment of the motor of the present invention in the magnetization working condition;

[0031] Figure 13 The air gap flux density diagram of the third embodiment of the motor of the present invention under magnetization and flux weakening conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Specific implementation method 1: Figure 1As shown, the hybrid permanent magnet memory motor involved in this embodiment includes a stator 1, an armature winding 2, a hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3 and a non-magnetic shaft 4. The motor structure includes a non-magnetic shaft 4, a composite permanent magnet rotor 3 and a stator 1 from the inside to the outside. The stator 1 is further composed of a stator core tooth 1-1 and a stator yoke 1-2, wherein the stator core tooth 1-1 is located between the stator yoke 1-2 and the composite permanent magnet rotor 3. The adjacent space between these stator core teeth 1-1 is used to install the three-phase armature winding 2, which is wound on the stator core teeth 1-1. The rotor core 3-1 of the hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3 is arranged around the outside of the non-magnetic shaft 4. Under each pole of the rotor core 3-1, there is a tangentially magnetized first permanent magnet 3-3, two third permanent magnets 3-4, and two second permanent magnets 3-2. The first permanent magnet 3-3 is arranged in a straight line perpendicular to the shaft and in a straight line perpendicular to the air gap. The two second permanent magnets 3-2 are arranged in a figure-eight shape, attached to either side of the first permanent magnet 3-3, with their openings facing the shaft. The two third permanent magnets 3-4 are arranged in an arc shape near the air gap. The first permanent magnet 3-3, the second permanent magnet 3-2, and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are connected in series under magnetization conditions and in series or series-parallel under field weakening conditions. The first permanent magnet 3-3 has a longitudinal magnetic barrier 3-6 on the air gap side. The second permanent magnet 3-2 has a right-angled triangular magnetic barrier 3-7 on the air gap side. The third permanent magnet 3-4 has a triangular magnetic barrier 3-5 on the air gap side. A triangular magnetic barrier 3-8 is located between each pair of adjacent second permanent magnets 3-2. The second and third permanent magnets 3-2, located at the same pole, are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first permanent magnet 3-3. The central axes of the first and second permanent magnets 3-3 and 3-2 coincide. Triangular magnetic barriers 3-5 and 3-8, as well as the right-angled triangular magnetic barrier 3-7, are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first permanent magnet 3-3. The rectangular magnetic barrier 3-6 coincides with the central axis of the first permanent magnet 3-3. The four types of magnetic barriers 3-5, 3-6, 3-7, and 3-8 are designed to reduce the effects of magnetic flux leakage.

[0034] In the magnetization working condition, each third permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent second permanent magnets are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. The magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet is tangential magnetization, and the magnetization direction of the third permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is the same clockwise or counterclockwise. Under the weakening magnetic condition, the speed regulation is divided into three levels. Under the first level of magnetic regulation, the magnetizing directions of the third permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions. At this time, the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet respectively work in the positive magnetization and reverse weakening magnetic conditions; under the second level of magnetic regulation, the magnetizing directions of the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions. At this time, the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet respectively work in the reverse weakening magnetic condition and the positive magnetization magnetic condition; under the third level of magnetic regulation, the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and are clockwise or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the second permanent magnet. The first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet both work in the reverse weakening magnetic condition.

[0035] In this embodiment, there are four first permanent magnets 3-3, eight second permanent magnets 3-2, four third permanent magnets 3-4, eight triangular magnetic barriers 3-5, eight right-angled triangular magnetic barriers 3-7, and four rectangular magnetic barriers 3-6 and four connected triangular magnetic barriers 3-8. Both the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are alnico permanent magnets, and the second permanent magnet 3-2 is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet.

[0036] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the operating principle of the variable flux permanent magnet memory motor of this embodiment is as follows: the permanent magnetic flux first starts from the north pole of the second permanent magnet 3-2 set in the middle of the rotor core 3-1, passes through the third permanent magnet 3-4, crosses the air gap, reaches the stator core tooth 1-1, then passes through the stator yoke 1-2, and finally passes through the first permanent magnet 3-2 to reach the south pole of the second permanent magnet 3-2. If the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are magnetized along the circumferential tangential direction along the magnetic flux direction of the second permanent magnet 3-2, the motor is in a magnetization working condition, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic flux density increases, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density of the air gap is 1.148, as shown in Figure 6As shown. After the two permanent magnetic fluxes are superimposed, they flow in the same direction, pass through the air gap, reach the stator core tooth 1-1, and then pass through the stator yoke 1-2, return to the south pole of the second permanent magnet 3-2 along the same path, and pass through the first permanent magnet 3-2 and the third permanent magnet 3-4; if the magnetization direction of the third permanent magnet 3-4 and the second permanent magnet 3-2 is the same as that of the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 is tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, the motor is in the first level of weak magnetic speed regulation. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the magnetic flux density does not decrease significantly, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density in the air gap is 0.953. Figure 7 As shown, most of the permanent magnetic flux is offset, the magnetic flux is reduced, a small part returns to the south pole of the second permanent magnet 3-2 along the above path and passes through the first permanent magnet 3-2 and the third permanent magnet 3-4, and the remaining small part does not pass through the first permanent magnet 3-3, but only passes through the third permanent magnet 3-3 and returns to the south pole of the second permanent magnet 3-2; if the magnetizing directions of the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are both clockwise or counterclockwise and the third permanent magnet 3-4 and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, the motor is in the second level of weak magnetic speed regulation. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the magnetic flux density is significantly reduced, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density of the air gap is 0.765. Figure 8 As shown, most of the permanent magnetic flux is offset, the magnetic flux is reduced, and a small part returns to the south pole of the second permanent magnet 3-2 along the above path and passes through the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4; if the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and are clockwise or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the second permanent magnet 3-2, the motor is in the third level of weak magnetic speed regulation, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the magnetic flux density decreases most significantly, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density in the air gap is 0.507. Figure 9 As shown, most of the permanent magnetic flux is offset, the magnetic flux is reduced, a small part returns to the south pole of the second permanent magnet 3-2 along the above path and passes through the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4, and the remaining very small part does not pass through the first permanent magnet 3-3, but only passes through the third permanent magnet 3-3 and returns to the south pole of the second permanent magnet 3-2. The distribution of magnetic lines of force of the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 in the two magnetization states is shown as follows: Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown. The first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are magnetized along the circumferential tangential direction along the magnetic flux direction of the second permanent magnet 3-2. The motor is in the magnetization working state. The first permanent magnet 3-3, the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are in a series relationship, as shown. Figure 2As shown; when the magnetizing directions of the third permanent magnet 3-4 and the second permanent magnet 3-2 are both clockwise or counterclockwise and the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, the motor is in the first level of weak magnetic speed regulation, the first permanent magnet 3-3, the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are in a series relationship and the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are also in a series relationship, as shown Figure 3 As shown; when the magnetizing directions of the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are both clockwise or counterclockwise and the third permanent magnet 3-4 and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, the motor is in the second level of weak magnetic speed regulation, the second permanent magnet 3-2, the third permanent magnet 3-4 and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are in series, as shown Figure 4 As shown; when the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are both clockwise or counterclockwise and are clockwise or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the second permanent magnet, the motor is in the third level of weak magnetic speed regulation, the first permanent magnet 3-3, the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are in a series relationship and the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are also in a series relationship, as shown Figure 5 At the same time, a three-phase alternating current with the same rotational speed as the hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3 is fed into the motor armature winding 2, and the rotating magnetic fields formed by the stator and rotor interact with each other, thereby achieving electromechanical energy conversion.

[0037] Specific embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the position of the permanent magnets remains unchanged, but the high coercive force permanent magnets are converted into low coercive force permanent magnets, and the low coercive force permanent magnets are converted into high coercive force permanent magnets, and the magnetization method remains unchanged. Figure 1 The second permanent magnet 3-2 is a low-coercive force permanent magnet, and the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 are high-coercive force permanent magnets. When the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 under each pole are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent second permanent magnets 3-2 are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. The motor is in the magnetization working condition, in which the magnetic circuit is in series form, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density of the air gap is 1.136; when the first permanent magnet 3-3 and the third permanent magnet 3-4 under each pole are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, the second permanent magnet 3-2 and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are magnetized in opposite clockwise or counterclockwise directions, and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent second permanent magnets 3-2 are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. The motor is in the weak magnetic working condition, such as Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the magnetic circuit is in series under the weak magnetic condition, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density of the air gap is 0.763; the air gap magnetic flux density under the two working conditions is as follows Figure 11 As shown, compared with the first embodiment, the magnetic adjustment range is narrower.

[0038] Specific embodiment three: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the second permanent magnet under each pole is segmented, the second permanent magnet close to the air gap side is a high coercive force permanent magnet, and the second permanent magnet close to the shaft side is a low coercive force permanent magnet. When the first permanent magnet 3-3, the third permanent magnet 3-4 and the second permanent magnet 3-2 under each pole are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of the permanent magnet block, the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet 3-2 close to the air gap side and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are the same clockwise or counterclockwise, and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent second permanent magnets 3-2 close to the shaft side are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. The motor is in the magnetization working condition, such as Figure 12 As shown, under the magnetization working condition, the magnetic circuit is in series, and the maximum radial flux density of the air gap is 1.076; when the first permanent magnet 3-3, the third permanent magnet 3-4 and the second permanent magnet 3-2 on the side of the rotating shaft under each pole are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of the permanent magnet block, the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet 3-2 on the side of the air gap and the first permanent magnet 3-3 are opposite to each other, clockwise or counterclockwise, and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent second permanent magnets 3-2 on the side of the rotating shaft are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. The motor is in the weak magnetic working condition, and the maximum radial flux density of the air gap when the motor is running is 0.248. The air gap flux density under the two working conditions is as follows: Figure 13 As shown, compared with the first and second implementation modes, the magnetic weakening capability is the strongest and the magnetic adjustment range is the largest.

Claims

1. A hybrid permanent magnet memory motor, comprising a stator (1), an armature winding (2), a hybrid permanent magnet rotor (3) and a non-magnetic shaft (4), characterized in that: The rotor core (3-1) of the hybrid permanent magnet rotor (3) is arranged around the outside of the non-magnetic rotating shaft 4. A tangentially magnetized first permanent magnet (3-3) and two third permanent magnets (3-4) are provided under each pole of the rotor core (3-1). The two second permanent magnets (3-2) are arranged in a straight line on the air gap side. The two second permanent magnets (3-2) are arranged in an eight-shaped shape attached to both sides of the first permanent magnet (3-3) with their openings facing the rotating shaft. The two third permanent magnets (3-4) are arranged in an arc shape close to the air gap side. A permanent magnet (3-3) has a longitudinal magnetic barrier (3-6) on the air gap side, a second permanent magnet (3-2) has a right-angled triangular magnetic barrier (3-7) on the air gap side, a third permanent magnet (3-4) has a triangular magnetic barrier (3-5) on the air gap side, a triangular magnetic barrier (3-8) is provided between each two adjacent poles of the second permanent magnets (3-2), and the second permanent magnets (3-2) and the third permanent magnets (3-4) at the same pole are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first permanent magnet (3-3), and the central axes of the first permanent magnet (3-3) and the second permanent magnet (3-2) coincide with each other.

2. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triangular magnetic barriers (3-5) and (3-8) and the right-angled triangular magnetic barrier (3-7) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the first permanent magnet (3-3).

3. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectangular magnetic barrier (3-6) coincides with the central axis of the first permanent magnet (3-3).

4. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first permanent magnet (3-3), the second permanent magnet (3-2) and the third permanent magnet (3-4) are in a series relationship under a magnetization working condition on the magnetic circuit, and in a series or series-parallel relationship under a magnetization working condition.

5. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the magnetization working condition, the third permanent magnet (3-4) and the second permanent magnet (3-2) are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent second permanent magnets (3-2) are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise.

6. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the magnetization working condition, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet (3-3) is tangential magnetization, and the magnetization direction of the third permanent magnet (3-4) and the second permanent magnet (3-2) is the same as that of the clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

7. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the weak magnetic condition, the speed regulation is divided into three levels, namely the first level magnetic regulation condition, the second level magnetic regulation condition and the third level magnetic regulation condition.

8. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: Under the first-stage magnetic adjustment working condition, the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet (3-4) and the second permanent magnet (3-2) are both clockwise or counterclockwise, the first permanent magnet (3-3) and the third permanent magnet (3-4) are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, and the third permanent magnet (3-4) and the first permanent magnet (3-3) respectively work in forward magnetization and reverse magnetic weakening working conditions.

9. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: Under the second-stage magnetic adjustment working condition, the magnetization directions of the second permanent magnet (3-2) and the first permanent magnet (3-3) are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and the third permanent magnet (3-4) and the first permanent magnet (3-3) are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions. At this time, the third permanent magnet (3-4) and the first permanent magnet (3-3) respectively work in reverse weak magnetic field and forward magnetization working conditions.

10. The hybrid permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: Under the third-stage magnetic adjustment working condition, the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet (3-3) and the third permanent magnet (3-4) are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and are clockwise or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the second permanent magnet (3-2). The first permanent magnet (3-3) and the third permanent magnet (3-4) both operate in a reverse weak magnetic working condition.

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