Electric drive assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric drive assembly, and belongs to the technical field of electric drive assembly design. Comprising a stator shell made of a carbon fiber material, a plurality of pits matched with the cross section of an iron core in shape are formed in the end face of the stator shell, a boss is formed between every two adjacent pits, and the size of each boss is matched with the size of a stator notch; and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on the boss, and the reinforcing ribs are located at the oil duct between the two stator teeth. The stator casing designed by the invention has the characteristics of light weight and high strength, and breaks through the thickness limitation of a traditional material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric drive assembly design, and in particular to an electric drive assembly. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional radial flux motors, axial flux motors can provide higher torque and power density in the same volume because they allow magnetic flux to pass directly through the axial direction of the motor, reducing the length of the magnetic circuit and thus improving the utilization efficiency of magnetic energy.

[0003] If a distributed electric drive assembly with a peak torque ≥8500Nm and a peak power ≥450kW is to be designed within a space with an outer envelope size not exceeding 440×530×360, the corresponding axial flux motor must have a peak torque density ≥28Nm / kg, a power density ≥10kW / kg, and an axial size ≤100mm.

[0004] Using traditional materials like steel and aluminum alloys directly for the various components of the electric drive assembly, including the stator housing, can present challenges with thickness. This is because traditional materials have high density. While achieving high strength and rigidity, they often come with a large volume and weight, making it difficult to meet lightweighting requirements, impacting torque and power density. Furthermore, with an axial dimension of ≤100mm, traditional materials struggle to maintain the required structural strength for the stator housing while also meeting thin-wall design requirements.

[0005] Therefore, in order to achieve the required peak torque and peak power within a strictly limited space size while ensuring the peak torque density and power density of the motor, traditional materials may find it difficult to ensure that the stator casing has sufficient structural strength while meeting the thickness restrictions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides an electric drive assembly to solve the problem in related technologies of preparing an axial flux motor within a strictly limited space size, where traditional materials are difficult to meet the structural strength and thickness requirements required for the stator housing.

[0007] An embodiment of the present application provides an electric drive assembly, including: a stator shell, which is made of carbon fiber material, and a plurality of pits adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the iron core are arranged on the end face of the stator shell, and a boss is formed between adjacent pits, and the size of the boss matches the size of the stator slot; a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided and arranged on the boss, and the reinforcing ribs are located in the oil channel between two stator teeth.

[0008] In some embodiments, the stator housing includes two casings, each of the casings includes a disk body and a docking portion formed by the outer edge of the disk body extending toward one side of the disk body in a direction perpendicular to the disk body, and the docking portions of the two casings are docked with each other to form a receiving cavity between the two disk bodies and the two docking portions; the pit is located on the disk body and is located on the same side of the disk body as the docking portion, and both the disk body and the docking portion are provided with sealing members.

[0009] In some embodiments, a bearing bushing is nested on the disc body.

[0010] In some embodiments, a sealing groove is provided on the inner side of the end surface of one of the docking portions and on one of the bearing bushings, and the sealing member is provided in the sealing groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, locking bolt holes are provided on the docking portions along the circumferential direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the docking portion is integrated with an oil inlet hole, an oil outlet hole, and a three-phase outlet hole.

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions are provided on a side of the disk body opposite to the boss, and the arc-shaped protrusions are adapted to the rounded corner size of the short side of the winding coil.

[0014] In some embodiments, a stop is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing bushing.

[0015] In some embodiments, positioning pin holes are also distributed on the docking portion.

[0016] In some embodiments, the reinforcing rib runs through the disc body and the boundary of the docking portion.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include:

[0018] The present application provides an electric drive assembly. Carbon fiber has the characteristics of low density and light weight. Using a stator housing made of carbon fiber can significantly reduce the weight of the electric drive assembly. Furthermore, the carbon fiber material has high strength and can withstand large mechanical loads, ensuring the structural stability and durability of the electric drive assembly and helping to achieve the design requirements for peak torque density and power density of the axial flux motor. Furthermore, the pits match the cross-sectional shape of the core, eliminating the need for traditional end caps and compressing the axial space. The bosses are located between adjacent pits, and multiple reinforcing ribs are provided on the bosses, providing local reinforcement in the boss area where stress is concentrated. The bosses are located in the oil passage between two stator teeth, effectively preventing blockage of the oil passage. This ensures that the electronic housing maintains structural strength while maintaining unobstructed oil passages and improving heat dissipation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 Provides an exploded schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram is provided for illustrating a housing according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram for illustrating a stopper is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Stator housing; 10. Casing; 100. Disk; 101. Docking part; 102. Accommodating cavity; 103. Arc-shaped protrusion; 2. Pits; 3. Bosses; 4. Reinforcing ribs; 50. Oil inlet hole; 51. Oil outlet hole; 52. Three-phase outlet hole; 53. Positioning pin hole; 54. Groove; 6. Bearing bushing; 70. Sealing groove; 71. Sealing ring; 8. Locking bolt hole; 9. Stopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] An embodiment of the present application provides an electric drive assembly that can solve the problem of preparing an axial flux motor within a strictly limited space size. Traditional materials are difficult to meet the structural strength and thickness requirements required for the stator housing.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 4As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric drive assembly comprising a stator housing 1 and reinforcing ribs 4. The stator housing 1 is made of carbon fiber, and its end surface is provided with multiple recesses 2 that match the cross-sectional shape of the iron core. Bosses 3 are formed between adjacent recesses 2, and their dimensions match the stator slots. The bosses 3 are designed to fit into the stator slots to axially position and secure the windings. Further reinforcing ribs 4, including but not limited to three, are arranged on the bosses 3, and are located in the oil passage between two stator teeth. This application primarily describes a carbon fiber sealed housing 10 for a 10-pole, 12-slot axial flux motor. This topology can also be extended to other pole-slot combinations. Therefore, the number of recesses 2 in this application includes but is not limited to 12. Furthermore, the iron core, stator slots, and oil passages between the stator teeth mentioned in the embodiment are inherent features of the electric drive assembly and are well known to those skilled in the art. The iron core enhances the strength and stability of the magnetic field. When current passes through the coil wound around the iron core, the iron core is magnetized, forming a strong magnetic field, which helps electrical equipment achieve efficient conversion of electrical energy and magnetic energy, thereby improving equipment efficiency; the stator slots are slot-shaped openings evenly distributed on the inner circle of the stator core, used to embed the winding coils; the oil channels between the stator teeth are located between adjacent stator teeth of the stator core and are specific channels designed inside or on the surface of the stator core.

[0029] In this application, the carbon fiber used has the characteristics of low density, high strength and high rigidity. Compared with traditional metal materials such as steel and aluminum alloy, carbon fiber is lighter under the same strength and rigidity requirements. This characteristic enables the stator housing 1 made of carbon fiber material to meet the structural strength requirements while significantly reducing the overall weight of the electric drive assembly. In addition, carbon fiber also has good thermal properties and can withstand the high temperature generated when the motor is working to a certain extent, providing a guarantee for the stable operation of the motor. By arranging a plurality of pits 2 that are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the iron core on the end face of the stator housing 1, bosses 3 are formed between adjacent pits 2. On the one hand, this design enables the stator housing 1 to fit better with the iron core and compress the axial space; and after the boss 3 is embedded in the stator slot, a reliable axial positioning structure is formed, which effectively prevents the winding from axial displacement when the motor is running at high speed or subjected to impact loads, ensures the uniformity of the air gap between the stator and the rotor, and ensures the structural stability and electromagnetic performance of the motor.

[0030] On the other hand, the structure of the pit 2 and the boss 3 increases the surface area of the stator housing 1, which helps to dissipate heat. Finally, the reinforcing rib 4 is set on the boss 3, and the reinforcing rib 4 is located in the oil channel between the two stator teeth. The reinforcing rib 4 can significantly enhance the bending and torsional resistance of the stator housing 1, so that it can still meet the required strength and rigidity requirements when the axial size is limited. And by arranging the reinforcing rib 4 in the oil channel, the cooling oil in the oil channel can be used to cool the reinforcing rib 4, further improving the strength and reliability of the reinforcing rib 4, and also helping to reduce the operating temperature of the motor. In summary, through the selection of carbon fiber material, the optimization of the stator housing 1 structure and the reasonable arrangement of the reinforcing rib 4, the lightweight, high strength and good heat dissipation performance of the electric drive assembly are achieved, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation and performance improvement of the motor.

[0031] Compared to other embodiments, this application merely changes the material of the stator housing 1, such as switching from steel to aluminum alloy. While this can reduce weight, it is difficult to ensure sufficient structural strength for the stator housing 10 within the strict axial dimension limit of ≤100 mm. Because the material strength improvement is limited, the housing thickness may still not meet the thin-wall design requirements while ensuring structural strength. Therefore, in this application, in addition to using carbon fiber, multiple reinforcing ribs 4 are provided on the end face bosses 3 of the stator housing 1. These ribs 4 significantly enhance the bending and torsional resistance of the stator housing 1, ensuring that it still meets the required strength and rigidity requirements despite the axial dimension constraints, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the electric drive assembly. Furthermore, the ribs 4 extend through the boundary between the disc body 100 and the docking portion 101. By penetrating the disc body 100 and the docking portion 101, the ribs 4 form a continuous mechanical transmission path, enhancing overall bending rigidity. Furthermore, the ribs 4 act as a "bridge" to evenly distribute stress from the docking portion 101 to the disc body 100, ensuring the concentricity of the bearing chamber during high-speed motor rotation.

[0032] In terms of space optimization, simply changing the material has little impact on the internal layout of the stator housing 1, making it difficult to fully utilize the space to improve motor performance. However, the end surface of the stator housing 1 is arranged with multiple pits 2 that match the cross-sectional shape of the core, with bosses 3 formed between adjacent pits 2. This structure not only takes into account the coordination with the core, ensuring a better fit between the stator housing 1 and the core, but also, through the rational design of the size and position of the pits 2 and bosses 3, optimizes the internal structure within a limited space, providing more possibilities for the layout of other components.

[0033] Furthermore, the replacement of traditional materials mainly affects weight and strength, and has limited effect on the improvement of heat dissipation performance. The motor generates heat during operation, and poor heat dissipation will affect the performance and life of the motor. In this application, the improvement of heat dissipation performance is taken into consideration, and the surface area is increased by the pit 2 and boss 3 structure on the end face of the sub-shell, which helps to dissipate heat. The reinforcing ribs are arranged in the oil channel between the two stator teeth, and the cooling oil in the oil channel can be used to cool the reinforcing ribs 4, further improving the heat dissipation effect. Good heat dissipation performance can lower the operating temperature of the motor, reduce heat loss, and improve the efficiency and reliability of the motor. Therefore, compared with only changing the material of the stator shell 1, the technical solution designed in this application has obvious advantages in structural optimization, performance improvement and function expansion, and can better meet the requirements of achieving the required peak torque and peak power within a strictly limited space size, while ensuring the peak torque density and power density of the motor.

[0034] In the present application, the stator housing 1 includes two housings 10, each housing 10 includes a disk body 100 and a docking portion 101 formed by extending from the outer edge of the disk body 100 toward one side of the disk body 100 in a direction perpendicular to the disk body 100. The docking portions 101 of the two housings 10 dock with each other to form a receiving cavity 102 between the two disk bodies 100 and the two docking portions 101; the pit 2 is located on the disk body 100 and is located on the same side of the disk body 100 as the docking portion 101. Seals are also provided on the disk body 100 and the docking portion 101. When installing a traditional integral stator housing 1, the entire stator assembly needs to be installed into the motor at one time. Due to the small space, the operation is difficult. In the present application, the stator housing 1 is divided into two housings 10. This split design allows the stator components to be installed separately in the two housings 10 first, and then the two housings 10 are docked and assembled, which greatly reduces the difficulty of installation. Furthermore, the monolithic stator housing 1 has a closed structure and limited heat dissipation area, making it difficult to effectively dissipate the heat generated during motor operation. The present application's split design creates a gap at the junction of the two housings 10, increasing the heat dissipation area and facilitating heat dissipation. Furthermore, the designed seal fills the tiny gaps between the connection between the disc 100 and the docking portion 101, as well as between the docking portions 101, when the two housings 10 are docked, forming an effective sealing barrier.

[0035] In the present application, a bearing sleeve 6 is nested on the disc body 100. Locking bolt holes 8 are provided on the docking portion 101 along the circumferential direction. By using bolts to connect the locking bolt holes 8, the disc body 100 is locked and fixed in the axial direction by the bearing sleeve 6. The disc body 100 is nested with the bearing sleeve 6. This interference fit makes the disc body 100 and the bearing sleeve 6 fit tightly together to form a physical barrier with good sealing performance. A stopper 9 is also provided on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing sleeve 6. The stopper 9 serves as a mechanical limiting structure, which fits with the end face of the disc body 100 through a step or a flange to limit the axial movement of the sleeve. It can also reduce the installation gap, ensure the coaxiality of the bearing sleeve and the disc body 100, and reduce vibration and wear caused by axial movement.

[0036] In this application, the docking portion 101 is also provided with positioning pin holes 53. The cooperation between the pin holes and the positioning pins improves the assembly accuracy of the stator housing 10 and avoids assembly deviations caused by traditional bolt fastening. The rigid connection between the pin holes and the pin shaft can withstand accelerations exceeding 50g during high-speed motor rotation.

[0037] In the present application, a sealing groove 70 is provided on the inner side of one end surface of the docking portion 101 and on one bearing bushing 6. A sealing member is disposed within the sealing groove 70. The sealing member includes, but is not limited to, an O-ring 71. First, the O-ring 71 is compressed within the sealing groove 70 to prevent axial or radial leakage of lubricating oil. Furthermore, the bearing bushing 6 has an interference fit with the disc body 100, so that the stop 9 and the end surface of the disc body 100 form a labyrinth-like sealing groove 70. This, combined with an O-ring or sealant, achieves a double seal. This prevents lubricating oil leakage and the intrusion of external impurities, maintaining a clean operating environment for the bearing.

[0038] In this application, the docking portion 101 is integrated with an oil inlet 50, an oil outlet 51, and three-phase cable outlets 52. This integration reduces the complexity of piping and cabling, optimizing space. Three grooves 54 are also provided on the docking portion 101 to facilitate torque transmission.

[0039] The side of the disc 100 opposite the boss 3 is equipped with multiple arc-shaped protrusions 103, which are adapted to the radius of the short side of the winding coil. By adapting the arc-shaped protrusions 103 to the radius of the short side of the winding coil, the arc-shaped protrusions fit the shape of the winding to form an oil baffle, guiding the oil path and being suitable for high-speed, high-power density motors.

[0040] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is that the carbon fiber used has the characteristics of low density, high strength and high rigidity. Compared with traditional metal materials such as steel and aluminum alloy, carbon fiber is lighter under the same strength and rigidity requirements. This characteristic enables the stator housing 1 made of carbon fiber to meet the structural strength requirements while significantly reducing the overall weight of the electric drive assembly. Carbon fiber also has good thermal properties and can withstand the high temperatures generated by the motor to a certain extent, thus ensuring the stable operation of the motor. By arranging multiple pits 2 on the end face of the stator housing 1 that are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the iron core, bosses 3 are formed between adjacent pits 2. On the one hand, this design allows the stator housing 1 to better fit the iron core and compress the axial space. On the other hand, after the boss 3 is embedded in the stator slot, it forms a reliable axial positioning structure, effectively preventing axial displacement of the winding when the motor is running at high speed or under impact load, ensuring the uniformity of the air gap between the stator and rotor, and guaranteeing the structural stability and electromagnetic performance of the motor.

[0041] On the other hand, the structure of the pit 2 and the boss 3 increases the surface area of the stator housing 1, which helps to dissipate heat. Finally, the reinforcing rib 4 is set on the boss 3, and the reinforcing rib 4 is located in the oil channel between the two stator teeth. The reinforcing rib 4 can significantly enhance the bending and torsional resistance of the stator housing 1, so that it can still meet the required strength and rigidity requirements when the axial size is limited. And by arranging the reinforcing rib 4 in the oil channel, the cooling oil in the oil channel can be used to cool the reinforcing rib 4, further improving the strength and reliability of the reinforcing rib 4, and also helping to reduce the operating temperature of the motor. In summary, through the selection of carbon fiber material, the optimization of the stator housing 1 structure and the reasonable arrangement of the reinforcing rib 4, the lightweight, high strength and good heat dissipation performance of the electric drive assembly are achieved, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation and performance improvement of the motor.

[0042] Compared to other embodiments, this application merely changes the material of the stator housing 1, such as switching from steel to aluminum alloy. While this can reduce weight, it is difficult to ensure sufficient structural strength for the stator housing 10 within the strict axial dimension limit of ≤100 mm. Because the material strength improvement is limited, the housing thickness may still not meet the thin-wall design requirements while ensuring structural strength. Therefore, in this application, in addition to using carbon fiber, multiple reinforcing ribs 4 are provided on the end face bosses 3 of the stator housing 1. These ribs 4 significantly enhance the bending and torsional resistance of the stator housing 1, ensuring that it still meets the required strength and rigidity requirements despite the axial dimension constraints, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the electric drive assembly. Furthermore, the ribs 4 extend through the boundary between the disc body 100 and the docking portion 101. By penetrating the disc body 100 and the docking portion 101, the ribs 4 form a continuous mechanical transmission path, enhancing overall bending rigidity. Furthermore, the ribs 4 act as a "bridge" to evenly distribute stress from the docking portion 101 to the disc body 100, ensuring the concentricity of the bearing chamber during high-speed motor rotation.

[0043] In terms of space optimization, simply changing the material has little impact on the internal layout of the stator housing 1, making it difficult to fully utilize the space to improve motor performance. However, the end surface of the stator housing 1 is arranged with multiple pits 2 that match the cross-sectional shape of the core, with bosses 3 formed between adjacent pits 2. This structure not only takes into account the coordination with the core, ensuring a better fit between the stator housing 1 and the core, but also, through the rational design of the size and position of the pits 2 and bosses 3, optimizes the internal structure within a limited space, providing more possibilities for the layout of other components.

[0044] Furthermore, the replacement of traditional materials mainly affects weight and strength, and has limited effect on the improvement of heat dissipation performance. The motor generates heat during operation, and poor heat dissipation will affect the performance and life of the motor. In this application, the improvement of heat dissipation performance is taken into consideration, and the surface area is increased by the pit 2 and boss 3 structure on the end face of the sub-shell, which helps to dissipate heat. The reinforcing ribs are arranged in the oil channel between the two stator teeth, and the cooling oil in the oil channel can be used to cool the reinforcing ribs 4, further improving the heat dissipation effect. Good heat dissipation performance can lower the operating temperature of the motor, reduce heat loss, and improve the efficiency and reliability of the motor. Therefore, compared with only changing the material of the stator shell 1, the technical solution designed in this application has obvious advantages in structural optimization, performance improvement and function expansion, and can better meet the requirements of achieving the required peak torque and peak power within a strictly limited space size, while ensuring the peak torque density and power density of the motor.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0047] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric drive assembly, characterized in that: include: A stator housing (1) is made of carbon fiber material, and a plurality of recesses (2) adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the core are arranged on the end surface of the stator housing (1), and bosses (3) are formed between adjacent recesses (2), and the size of the bosses (3) matches the size of the stator slots; A plurality of reinforcing ribs (4) are provided and arranged on the boss (3), and the reinforcing ribs (4) are located at the oil passage between two stator teeth.

2. The electric drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator housing (1) comprises two housings (10), each housing (10) comprising a disk body (100) and a docking portion (101) extending from an outer edge of the disk body (100) toward one side of the disk body (100) in a direction perpendicular to the disk body (100), the docking portions (101) of the two housings (10) docking with each other to form a receiving cavity (102) between the two disk bodies (100) and the two docking portions (101); The recess (2) is located on the disc body (100) and is located on the same side of the disc body (100) as the docking portion (101). The disc body (100) and the docking portion are both provided with sealing members.

3. The electric drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bearing bushing (6) is nested on the disc body (100).

4. The electric drive assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing groove (70) is provided on the inner side of the end surface of one of the docking parts (101) and on one of the bearing bushings (6), and the sealing member is provided in the sealing groove (70).

5. The electric drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The docking portion (101) is provided with locking bolt holes (80) along the circumferential direction.

6. The electric drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: An oil inlet hole (50), an oil outlet hole (51) and a three-phase outlet hole (52) are integrated and arranged on the docking portion (101).

7. The electric drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of arc-shaped protrusions (103) are provided on one side of the disk body (100) opposite to the boss (3), and the arc-shaped protrusions (103) are adapted to the size of the rounded corners of the short sides of the winding coil.

8. The electric drive assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stop (9) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing bushing (6).

9. The electric drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: Positioning pin holes (53) are also distributed on the docking portion (101).

10. The electric drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reinforcing rib (4) passes through the boundary between the disk body (100) and the docking portion (101).

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