High-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavating and transferring ship

Abstract

According to the high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavating and transferring ship, chemical weapon dangerous goods buried on an underwater riverbed or under mud are scanned through an underwater dangerous chemical goods scanning device, and an underwater excavating cabin is placed underwater through an underwater excavating cabin lifting device installed on the ship till the bottom of the underwater cabin makes contact with the river bottom; compressed air is injected into the underwater cabin through a compressed air system on the ship, and when the pressure of the compressed air is larger than the pressure outside the excavating cabin, water in the underwater cabin can be pressed out of the excavating cabin; and the excavation cabin continues to be lowered, and the bottom of the excavation cabin is inserted into the river bottom. Therefore, the river bottom of the coverage area of the excavation cabin is in a water-free state. And the excavated dangerous chemical weapon goods are transferred to a ship after being treated. According to the underwater chemical weapon dangerous goods detection and positioning device, the autonomous underwater chemical weapon dangerous goods rapid detection and positioning function is achieved, the excavation cabin is matched with compressed air, the waterless effect of an underwater excavation area is achieved, and the excavation operation of the underwater chemical weapon dangerous goods is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of underwater excavation and transfer ship design and construction, and in particular relates to a highly safe and efficient underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship. Background Art

[0002] In order to successfully excavate the dangerous goods buried underwater, the excavation plan adopted a cofferdam to block water and an open excavation method to excavate the dangerous goods.

[0003] After more than two years, two chemical shells were recovered from underwater. Trial excavations using this method concluded that while it was feasible to excavate underwater chemical weapons, the efficiency was too low and the cost was too high. Consequently, the excavation work has now stalled.

[0004] However, these hazardous materials buried underground are likely to corrode and leak over time.

[0005] How to speed up excavation efficiency, reduce excavation costs, and dig these dangerous goods out from underwater in the shortest time has become a huge problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a highly safe and efficient underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer vessel, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A high-safety and high-efficiency underwater hazardous materials excavation and transfer ship has a buoyant hull located on the water surface, a water-passing moon pool is provided in the center of the buoyant hull, lifting holes are provided around the buoyant hull, a lifting device is fixed on the lifting hole, a positioning pile passes through the lifting hole, and is movably connected to the buoyant hull through the lifting device.

[0007] A guide frame is installed above the moon pool, and the underwater excavation cabin is located between the guide frame and the moon pool. A number of vertical support guide columns are set on the top of the underwater excavation cabin, and racks are set along the height direction of the support guide columns. Matching gears are fixed on the guide frame. The underwater excavation cabin can be raised and lowered through the moon pool and the guide frame through the cooperation of the racks and gears.

[0008] The underwater excavation chamber is divided into two parts, the upper part is the pressure regulating chamber, and the lower part is the excavation operation chamber. The excavation operation chamber has side bulkheads and top bulkheads, but no bottom plate.

[0009] One of the support and guide columns serves as a personnel access column. Its base connects to the pressure-regulating chamber, and a stairway is located inside it. This stairway extends from the top of the column to the bottom and into the pressure-regulating chamber. A stairway is also located inside the excavation chamber. The other support and guide column serves as a hazardous materials transport column, its base connected to the excavation chamber.

[0010] The buoyant hull is equipped with an air compression system and an underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device. The air compression system is connected to the pressure regulating cabin and the excavation operation cabin.

[0011] The specific location of underwater chemical weapons hazardous materials is determined by the underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device. The buoyant hull is positioned directly above the underwater hazardous materials with the center of the underwater excavation chamber as the positioning point. The positioning piles are lowered into the water until they reach the riverbed and are pressed onto the riverbed. The buoyant hull is fixed to the river by the positioning piles, and the underwater excavation chamber is lowered underwater until the bottom of the underwater excavation chamber contacts the riverbed. Compressed air is then injected into the chamber from the top of the underwater chamber through the air compression system. When the pressure of the compressed air is greater than the pressure outside the excavation chamber, the water in the underwater excavation chamber can be discharged from the bottom of the excavation operation chamber. The underwater excavation chamber is continued to be lowered until the bottom of the side bulkhead of the underwater excavation chamber is inserted into the riverbed, so that the riverbed in the area covered by the excavation operation chamber is in a waterless state.

[0012] The operators pass through the personnel passage set up on the underwater excavation chamber and adapt to the high pressure in the pressure regulating chamber, then enter the river bottom covered by the bottom of the excavation chamber and excavate chemical weapons and dangerous goods in this area.

[0013] The excavated chemical weapons hazardous materials are placed in a special sealed transfer box to prevent collisions during the transfer process and leakage of hazardous materials. After the above-mentioned anti-collision and anti-leakage treatment during the transfer process, they are transferred to the water vessel through the transfer channel set on the excavation cabin, thereby realizing the excavation of underwater chemical weapons hazardous materials.

[0014] After completing the above excavation work, the operator enters the pressure regulating cabin from the excavation operation cabin to adjust the pressure, and then can come out of the excavation cabin along the personnel passage, and quickly pull out the underwater excavation cabin and positioning piles from the riverbed mud in turn, and scan to find the next dangerous goods excavation site.

[0015] The above-mentioned high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship further has three supporting guide columns, namely a personnel passage column, a dangerous goods transportation column and a support column.

[0016] The above-mentioned high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship, further, has an underwater operation cabin that is square, wherein two supporting guide columns are respectively located at the two ends of one long side of the excavation operation cabin, and the other supporting guide column is located at the center of the other long side of the excavation operation cabin.

[0017] The above-mentioned high-safety and high-efficiency underwater hazardous materials excavation and transfer ship, further, has a lifting device composed of a hydraulic cylinder and a plug-in pin. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the buoyant hull, and the plug-in pin is connected to the pin hole on the positioning pile. The positioning pile is lowered underwater and inserted into the river bottom mud by utilizing the extension and push-pull of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0018] The above-mentioned high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship, further, is provided with a generator power system, a living cabin and a control room on the buoyancy hull.

[0019] The above-mentioned high-safety and high-efficiency underwater hazardous materials excavation and transfer ship further has an underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device installed on the bottom of the buoyant hull.

[0020] The above-mentioned high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship, further, has an air compression system that transmits the compressed air produced by the air compressor to the underwater excavation chamber through a compressed air pipeline.

[0021] The above-mentioned high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship further has propulsion and positioning thrusters arranged around the buoyancy hull.

[0022] The advantages of this invention are that it provides a highly safe and efficient design for an underwater hazardous materials excavation and transfer vessel. The vessel's autonomous navigation and migration capabilities enable the vessel to rapidly and autonomously relocate on the river. An underwater chemical weapons and hazardous materials scanning device is installed on the excavation vessel, enabling the vessel to rapidly and autonomously detect and locate underwater chemical weapons and hazardous materials. This reduces reliance on detection vessels during the excavation process and improves the accuracy and efficiency of the excavation vessel's positioning and excavation operations.

[0023] The excavation cabin on the dredging ship, with the cooperation of compressed air, realizes the dehydration of the underwater excavation area, which facilitates the underwater chemical weapons and dangerous goods excavation operation. Compared with conventional water cofferdam excavation, the operation of the present invention is more convenient and flexible; because the underwater cabin can be reused, the excavation cost is lower.

[0024] Since the excavation operation is completed under a pressurized state, if the dangerous goods leak due to corrosion during the excavation process, the pressure in the cabin is greater than the internal pressure of the dangerous goods, and the dangerous gas cannot overflow and diffuse from the dangerous goods shell, thereby improving the safety of the excavation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the deck of the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer vessel of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structural compartments of the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side view of the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer vessel of the present invention in a floating state; Figure 4 This is a side view of the floating positioning pile of the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship of the present invention after it is immersed in the mud; Figure 5 This is a side view of the underwater hazardous materials excavation and transfer vessel of the present invention, with the excavation cabin lowered to the bottom of the water after the floating positioning piles have been driven into the mud; Figure 6 This is a side view of the floating excavation cabin of the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer vessel of the present invention entering the mud; Figure 7 This is a side view of the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship of the present invention standing on the water surface with the excavation cabin submerged in the mud; Figure 8 It is a typical schematic diagram of the underwater excavation chamber of the present invention; Among them, 1-buoyancy hull, 2-underwater excavation cabin, 3-underwater excavation cabin lifting device, 4-underwater excavation cabin lifting guide structure, 5-thruster for propulsion and positioning, 6-positioning pile, 7-positioning pile lifting device, 8-generator power system, 9-air compression system, 10-living cabin, 11-control room, 12-underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device, 13-compressed air pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the buoyancy hull 1, underwater excavation cabin 2, underwater excavation cabin lifting guide structure 4, positioning piles 6, living cabin 10, control room 11, compressed air pipeline 13, etc. are respectively manufactured according to the preliminary design plan and corresponding design drawings and relevant specifications, rules and standards.

[0028] Equipment and systems such as underwater excavation cabin lifting device 3, propulsion and positioning thrusters 5, positioning pile lifting device 7, generator power system 8, air compressor and air compression system 9, underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device 12 are purchased from professional manufacturers according to design requirements.

[0029] The underwater excavation cabin 2, underwater excavation cabin lifting device 3, underwater excavation cabin lifting guide structure 4, propulsion and positioning propeller 5, positioning pile 6, positioning pile lifting device 7, generator power system 8, air compressor and air compression system 9, living cabin 10, control room 11, underwater chemical hazardous material scanning device 12, compressed air pipeline 13 are respectively arranged according to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The arrangement shown is mounted to a buoyant hull 1 .

[0030] After the above equipment and systems are installed, necessary equipment and system debugging shall be carried out to ensure the safe and reliable operation of all equipment and systems.

[0031] After the above equipment and system debugging is completed, the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship can go to the relevant waters to carry out underwater dangerous goods detection work as needed, such as Figure 3 As shown, the underwater hazardous materials excavation and transfer ship floats on the water surface and can freely navigate on the water driven by the propulsion and positioning propeller 5.

[0032] During the voyage, the dredging and transporting ship simultaneously activates the underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device 12 installed on the buoyant hull 1. As the dredging ship slowly moves on the water surface, the scanning device 12 can detect objects underwater and under the mud and display them on the console of the dredging and transporting ship.

[0033] When the scanning device 12 finds dangerous goods underwater or under the mud, the propulsion and positioning thrusters 5 of the dredging and transfer ship need to be changed from navigation mode to positioning mode. The dredging and transfer ship uses the center of the dredging chamber 2 as the ship positioning center and the position of the discovered dangerous goods as the reference center. The propulsion and positioning thrusters 5 are used to slowly make the ship positioning center coincide with the reference center of the dangerous goods position.

[0034] Start the positioning pile lifting device 7 on the excavation and transfer ship, and slowly lower the positioning pile 6 into the water through the positioning pile lifting device 7 until the positioning pile 6 is completely inserted into the underwater mud bed. At this time, the propulsion and positioning thruster 5 of the excavation and transfer ship can stop working, and the positioning of the excavation and transfer on the water is completed by converting the thruster 5 into the positioning pile 6. The biggest advantage of this positioning mode is that the excavation and transfer ship will not have a large movement underwater after positioning, ensuring that the excavation process will not be affected by the movement of the ship.

[0035] The underwater excavation cabin lifting device 3 of the underwater excavation cabin 2 is started. Under the push of the lifting device 3, the underwater excavation cabin 2 is slowly lowered into the water, which is similar to the lowering method of the positioning pile. When the underwater excavation cabin 2 is about to be placed on the lower cement surface, the lowering of the underwater excavation cabin 2 is temporarily stopped.

[0036] The air compressor and air compression system 9 on the dredging and transfer ship are started. The compressed air produced by the air compressor is transported to the lower excavation area of the excavation chamber 2 through the compressed air pipeline 13. As the compressed air pressure increases, when the compressed air pressure is greater than the water pressure at that location, the water in the excavation chamber will be pressed out of the excavation chamber from the bottom of the excavation chamber by the compressed air.

[0037] Start the lifting device 3 of the underwater excavation cabin 2 again, and slowly lower the underwater cabin 2 to the underwater mud surface through the lifting device 3. Continue to lower the underwater excavation cabin 2, and insert the edges of the lower enclosure of the excavation area under the underwater excavation cabin 2 into part of the mud. At this time, the lowering of the underwater excavation cabin 2 can be stopped.

[0038] During the process of lowering the underwater excavation chamber 2 and the entire excavation operation, the air compressor and the air compression system 9 are always in a state of increasing and maintaining the pressure in the excavation chamber to ensure that the excavation operation area below the excavation chamber 2 is in a water-free state.

[0039] The camera installed in the underwater excavation cabin is used to check whether the bottom excavation area of the underwater excavation cabin 2 is in a water-free state. At this time, the excavators wear corresponding equipment according to the needs of the previous excavation work, and can go down to the bottom of the excavation cabin from the internal ladder of the excavation cabin. Because the excavation area below the excavation cabin 2 is in a high-pressure state, in order to ensure the safety of the excavators, the excavation operators need to first enter the pressure regulating cabin for pressure adjustment. After ensuring that the operators can adapt to the pressure of the excavation area, the excavation operators can enter the excavation area from the pressure regulating cabin to carry out excavation of dangerous goods.

[0040] Once the dangerous goods are excavated and specially processed, they can be transported to the open deck through the dangerous goods transfer channel in the underwater excavation chamber.

[0041] After completing the dangerous goods excavation and cleaning work, the excavation operators need to enter the pressure regulating cabin again to adjust the pressure to adapt to the pressure of the outside air. After the pressure adjustment is completed, the excavators can return to the open deck through the personnel passage of the underwater excavation cabin 2.

[0042] Thus, the excavation and cleaning work of underwater dangerous goods is completed. The dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship can then proceed to the next cleaning point to carry out excavation and cleaning work.

[0043] Before leaving the excavation site, the lifting device 3 of the underwater excavation cabin 2 needs to be started again. The lifting device 3 slowly pulls the underwater excavation cabin 2 out of the mud, and then slowly lifts it from the bottom of the water to the moon pool of the hull.

[0044] Then the dredging ship positioning pile lifting device 7 is started again, and the positioning pile is pulled out of the mud and slowly retracted into the hull through the positioning pile lifting device 7. At this time, the propulsion and positioning thruster 5 of the dredging ship can be started. Under the push of the thruster 5, the dredging ship can sail on the water again, and the underwater dangerous goods detection work can be carried out again during the navigation.

[0045] If dangerous goods are found underwater again, the dredging ship can repeat the above-mentioned dredging operation to complete the dredging of the underwater dangerous goods.

Claims

1. A high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer vessel, characterized by: A buoyant hull is provided on the water surface, a water-passing moon pool is provided in the center of the buoyant hull, lifting holes are provided around the buoyant hull, a lifting device is fixed on the lifting hole, a positioning pile passes through the lifting hole, and is movably connected to the buoyant hull through the lifting device; A guide frame is installed above the moon pool, and the underwater excavation cabin is located between the guide frame and the moon pool. A plurality of vertical support guide columns are installed on the top of the underwater excavation cabin. Racks are arranged along the height direction of the support guide columns. Matching gears are fixed on the guide frame. The underwater excavation cabin can move up and down through the moon pool and the guide frame through the cooperation of the racks and gears. The underwater excavation chamber is divided into two parts, the upper part is the pressure regulating chamber, and the lower part is the excavation operation chamber. The excavation operation chamber has side bulkheads and top bulkheads, but no bottom plate, like an inverted bottomless square box. One of the support guide columns is a personnel passage column. The bottom of the personnel passage column is connected to the pressure regulating cabin. A stairway is set inside the personnel passage column. The stairway extends from the top of the personnel passage column to the bottom and extends into the pressure regulating cabin. A stairway is also set in the excavation operation cabin. The other support guide column is a dangerous goods transport column. The bottom of the dangerous goods transport column is connected to the excavation operation cabin. The buoyant hull is equipped with an air compression system and an underwater chemical hazardous material scanning device. The air compression system is connected to the pressure regulating cabin and the excavation operation cabin. The specific location of underwater chemical weapons hazardous materials is determined using an underwater chemical hazardous material scanning device. The buoyant hull is positioned directly above the underwater hazardous materials using the center of the underwater excavation chamber as the positioning point. The positioning piles are lowered into the water until they reach the riverbed and are pressed against it. The buoyant hull is fixed to the river using the positioning piles, and the underwater excavation chamber is lowered underwater until the bottom of the underwater excavation chamber contacts the riverbed. Compressed air is then injected into the chamber from the top of the chamber through an air compression system. When the pressure of the compressed air is greater than the pressure outside the chamber, the water in the chamber is discharged from the bottom of the excavation operation chamber. The underwater excavation chamber is further lowered until the bottom of the side bulkhead of the chamber is inserted into the riverbed, ensuring that the riverbed in the area covered by the excavation operation chamber is dry. Operators pass through the personnel passage on the underwater excavation chamber and adapt to the high pressure in the pressure regulating chamber before entering the river bottom covered by the excavation chamber to excavate dangerous chemical weapons in this area. The excavated chemical weapons dangerous goods are placed in a special sealed transfer box to prevent collision and leakage during transportation. After the above-mentioned anti-collision and anti-leakage treatment during transportation, they are transferred to the water vessel through the transfer channel installed in the excavation cabin, thus realizing the excavation of underwater chemical weapons dangerous goods; After completing the above excavation work, the operator enters the pressure regulating cabin from the excavation operation cabin to adjust the pressure, and then can come out of the excavation cabin along the personnel passage, and quickly pull out the underwater excavation cabin and positioning piles from the riverbed mud in turn, and scan to find the next dangerous goods excavation site.

2. A high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three supporting guide columns, namely the personnel passage column, the dangerous goods transport column and the supporting column.

3. A high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The underwater operation chamber is square, wherein two supporting guide columns are respectively located at the two ends of one long side of the excavation operation chamber, and another supporting guide column is located at the center of the other long side of the excavation operation chamber.

4. The high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting device consists of a hydraulic cylinder and a plug-in pin. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the buoyant hull, and the plug-in pin is connected to the pin hole on the positioning pile. The positioning pile is lowered underwater and inserted into the river bottom mud by utilizing the expansion and contraction and push-pull of the hydraulic cylinder.

5. The high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The buoyant hull is also equipped with a generator power system, living cabins and a control room.

6. The high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device is installed on the bottom of the buoyant hull.

7. The high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air compression system transmits the compressed air produced by the air compressor to the underwater excavation chamber through the compressed air pipeline.

8. The high-safety and high-efficiency underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The buoyant hull is provided with propulsion and positioning thrusters around it.

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