Working cabin for excavating underwater dangerous goods

Abstract

A working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation is composed of a dangerous goods excavation workboat buoyancy hull, an underwater excavation working cabin, an underwater excavation working cabin lifting device, an underwater excavation working cabin lifting guide structure, a compressed air pipeline, a crane, an underwater camera, an internal pressure monitor, an external water pressure monitor and the like. The underwater dangerous goods excavation working cabin is installed on a special working ship capable of being self-propelled and self-positioned, and the underwater excavation working cabin is placed underwater through an underwater excavation cabin lifting device installed on the ship till the bottom of the underwater cabin makes contact with the river bottom. Compressed air is injected into the underwater cabin through a compressed air system on the ship, and when the pressure of the compressed air is larger than the pressure outside the excavating cabin, water in the underwater cabin can be pressed out of the excavating cabin. Therefore, the river bottom of the coverage area of the excavation cabin is in a water-free state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of underwater excavation and transfer ship design and construction, and in particular relates to a working cabin used for underwater dangerous goods excavation. Background Art

[0002] Chemical weapons buried underground are likely to corrode and leak over time, becoming true "invisible bombs" that can endanger the safety of local people at any time.

[0003] How to speed up excavation efficiency, reduce excavation costs, and dig out these chemical weapons that may endanger people's personal safety at any time from underwater in the shortest time has become a huge problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation comprises a buoyant hull located on the water surface, a square moon pool for water flow is arranged at the center of the buoyant hull, lifting holes are arranged around the buoyant hull, a lifting device is fixed on the lifting hole, a positioning pile passes through the lifting hole, and is movably connected to the buoyant hull through the lifting device.

[0005] A guide frame is set up above the moon pool, and the underwater excavation cabin is located between the guide frame and the moon pool. The underwater excavation cabin is divided into two parts, the upper part is the pressure regulating cabin, and the lower part is the excavation operation cabin. The excavation operation cabin has side bulkheads and top bulkheads, but no bottom plate; an internal cabin air pressure monitor is set inside the excavation operation cabin, and a water pressure monitor is set outside; three supporting guide columns are set on the top of the underwater excavation cabin, namely the personnel passage column, the dangerous goods transportation column and the support column. The personnel passage column and the support column are respectively located at the two ends of one long side of the excavation operation cabin, and the dangerous goods transportation column is located in the center of the other long side of the excavation operation cabin.

[0006] The bottom of the personnel channel column is connected to the pressure regulating cabin. A stairway is provided inside the personnel channel column. The stairway extends from the top of the personnel channel column to the bottom and extends into the pressure regulating cabin. A stairway is also provided in the excavation operation cabin. The bottom of the dangerous goods transport column is connected to the excavation operation cabin. A crane is provided on the deck at the top of the dangerous goods transport column. Multiple airtight operating hand holes are provided inside the dangerous goods transport column.

[0007] A rack is provided along the height direction of the supporting guide column, and a matching gear is fixed on the guide frame. The underwater excavation cabin can be lifted up and down through the moon pool and the guide frame through the cooperation of the rack and the gear.

[0008] The buoyant hull is equipped with an air compression system and an underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device. The air compression system is connected to the pressure regulating cabin and the excavation operation cabin.

[0009] The above-mentioned working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation further has a generator power system, a living cabin and a control room provided on the buoyancy hull.

[0010] The above-mentioned working cabin for underwater hazardous materials excavation, further, has a lifting device composed of a hydraulic cylinder and a plug-in pin, the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the buoyant hull, the plug-in pin is connected to the pin hole on the positioning pile, and the positioning pile is lowered underwater and inserted into the river bottom mud by utilizing the extension and extension and push-pull of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] The above-mentioned working chamber for underwater dangerous goods excavation, further, has a compressed air pipeline of the air compression system extending into the underwater excavation chamber to transport the compressed air produced by the air compressor to the underwater excavation chamber.

[0012] The above-mentioned working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation further has propulsion and positioning thrusters arranged around the buoyancy hull.

[0013] The above-mentioned working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation further has a manhole cover between the bottom of the personnel passage column and the pressure regulating cabin, and a manhole cover between the pressure regulating cabin and the excavation operation cabin.

[0014] The above-mentioned working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation further has a plurality of cross braces provided between adjacent supporting guide columns.

[0015] The advantage of the present invention is that the excavation operation cabin, with the cooperation of compressed air, realizes the dehydration of the underwater excavation area, which facilitates the underwater chemical weapons and dangerous goods excavation operation. Compared with conventional water cofferdam excavation, the operation of the present invention is more convenient and flexible; because the underwater cabin can be reused, the excavation cost is lower.

[0016] Driven by a mobile device, the excavation cabin can be moved forward, backward, left, and right within the moonpool of the dredger, expanding its excavation range and significantly improving the efficiency of excavation operations after the dredger has positioned itself once. Because excavation is performed under pressure, if hazardous materials leak due to corrosion during the excavation process, the cabin pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the hazardous materials, preventing the hazardous gases from escaping and dispersing from the container, thereby improving excavation safety.

[0017] In order to prevent the pressure inside the excavation chamber from being much higher than the pressure outside the chamber, thereby causing the gas inside the chamber to overflow into the water outside the chamber and waste energy, a water pressure monitor is installed outside the excavation operation chamber to monitor the water pressure outside the chamber at different water depths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1This is a plan view of the deck of the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer vessel of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view of the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer vessel of the present invention in a floating state; Figure 3 This is a side view of the underwater hazardous materials excavation and transfer vessel of the present invention, with the excavation cabin lowered to the bottom of the water after the floating positioning piles have been driven into the mud; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the underwater excavation cabin and the moon pool area of the hull of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of the excavation operation cabin; Figure 6 1. It is a schematic diagram of a pressure regulating cabin viewed from above; Figure 7 It is a typical elevational schematic diagram of the underwater excavation chamber of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a typical process diagram of underwater excavation of dangerous goods according to the present invention; Among them, 1. Dangerous goods excavation operation ship, 2. Underwater excavation cabin, 2-1. Excavation operation cabin, 2-2. Pressure regulating cabin, 2-3. Personnel passage column, 2-4. Dangerous goods transport column, 2-5. Support column, 2-6. Horizontal cross bracing structure, 2-7. Rack, 2-8. Personnel ladder inside the column, 2-9. Personnel ladder outside the column, 2-10. Stairway to enter the excavation operation cabin, 2-11. Manhole cover to enter the excavation operation cabin, 2-12. Manhole cover to enter the pressure regulating cabin, 2-13. Pressure 2-14. Manhole cover leading from the regulating cabin to the column of the dangerous goods transport channel; 2-15. Manhole cover inside the column of the dangerous goods transport channel; 2-16. Manhole cover outside the column of the dangerous goods transport channel; 2-17. Manhole cover outside the column of the personnel channel; 2-18. Airtight operating hand hole; 3. Gear; 4. Guide frame; 5. Compressed air pipeline; 6. Crane; 7. Underwater camera; 8. Water pressure monitor; 9. Air pressure monitor; 10. Positioning pile; 11. Thruster. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] A working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the underwater excavation cabin 2 and the related facilities installed on the excavation cabin are hoisted as a whole and installed between the moon pool and the guide frame 4 of the excavation cabin.

[0021] Adjust the hydraulic cylinder and auxiliary system of the excavation operation cabin lifting device to ensure that the hydraulic cylinder of the lifting device has a good fit with the pin hole on the lifting guide plate structure on the underwater excavation cabin, so as to enable the underwater operation cabin 2 to be lowered into the water from the moon pool area, or recovered from underwater to the moon pool area of the hull.

[0022] The compressed air pipeline 5 is connected to the compressed air system of the dredging vessel and debugged to ensure that the compressed air system can deliver compressed air to the dredging operation cabin 2-1 and the pressure regulating cabin 2-2 through the compressed air pipeline 5.

[0023] After completing the above installation and commissioning work, the underwater dangerous goods excavation and transfer ship can go to the relevant waters to carry out underwater dangerous goods detection work as needed, such as Figure 2 As shown, the underwater hazardous materials excavation and transfer ship floats on the water surface and can freely navigate on the water driven by propulsion and positioning thrusters.

[0024] When dangerous goods are found underwater or under the mud, the propulsion and positioning thrusters of the dredging and transfer ship need to be changed from navigation mode to positioning mode. The center of the dredging cabin 2 of the dredging and transfer ship is used as the ship positioning center, and the position of the dangerous goods found is used as the reference center. The propulsion and positioning thrusters are used to slowly make the ship positioning center coincide with the reference center of the dangerous goods position.

[0025] Start the positioning pile lifting device on the dredging and transfer ship, and slowly lower the positioning pile into the water through the positioning pile lifting device until the positioning pile is completely inserted into the underwater mud bed and the dredging ship 1 is fixed to the water to ensure that the excavation process will not be affected by the movement of the ship due to waves.

[0026] The gear of the underwater excavation cabin is started, and under the push of the lifting device, the underwater excavation cabin is slowly lowered into the water. When the underwater excavation cabin is about to be placed on the lower cement surface, the lowering of the underwater excavation cabin is temporarily stopped.

[0027] The water pressure at that location is checked by a water pressure monitor 8 installed outside the excavation cabin, and the air compressor and compressed air system on the excavation transfer ship are started. The compressed air produced by the air compressor is transported to the excavation operation cabin below the excavation cabin 2 through the compressed air pipeline 5. As the compressed air pressure increases, when the compressed air pressure is greater than the water pressure at that location, the water in the excavation cabin will be pressed out of the excavation cabin from the bottom of the excavation cabin by the compressed air.

[0028] Start the lifting device of the underwater excavation cabin 2 again, and slowly lower the underwater excavation cabin 2 to the underwater mud surface through the lifting device. Continue to lower the underwater excavation cabin 2, and insert the bottom of the side panel of the lower excavation operation cabin of the underwater excavation cabin 2 into the mud. At this time, the lowering of the underwater excavation cabin 2 can be stopped.

[0029] During the process of lowering the underwater excavation cabin 2 and the entire excavation operation, the air compressor and the compressed air system are always in a state of increasing and maintaining the pressure in the excavation cabin to ensure that the excavation operation cabin 2-1 is always in a water-free state.

[0030] The camera 7 installed in the underwater excavation cabin is used to check whether the bottom excavation operation cabin of the underwater excavation cabin 2 is dry. If so, the excavation workers wear corresponding equipment according to the needs of the early excavation work and go down from the manhole cover 2-17 outside the personnel channel column on the top of the excavation cabin personnel channel column 2-3 along the personnel ladder 2-8 installed inside the channel column to the outside of the pressure regulating cabin.

[0031] By opening the manhole cover 2-12 for entering the pressure regulating cabin outside the pressure regulating cabin, the excavation operator can enter the pressure regulating cabin 2-2 to adapt to the high pressure before the excavation operation.

[0032] Before the pressure adjustment in the pressure regulating cabin 2-2 is performed, the gas pressure value in the operating cabin is first checked by the cabin gas pressure monitor 9 installed at the bottom of the excavation operating cabin 2-1. The pressure adjustment and adaptation of the operator are performed based on this value.

[0033] When the excavation workers have completed pressure adaptation and are ready to enter the excavation cabin 2-1 for excavation work, they will again check whether the environment inside the excavation cabin meets the conditions for entering the cabin through the camera 7 and gas pressure monitor 9 installed in the excavation cabin 2-1.

[0034] If the conditions are met, the excavation workers can open the manhole cover 2-11 of the excavation cabin 2-1 in the pressure regulating cabin 2-2, enter through the manhole along the ladder 2-10 and go down to the operation area to excavate dangerous goods.

[0035] When the dangerous goods are excavated and the conditions for external transfer are met, first check whether the manhole cover 2-15 in the dangerous goods transport channel column in the dangerous goods transport column 2-4 is in a closed state.

[0036] If the manhole cover 2-15 in the dangerous goods transport passage column is in a closed state, the manhole cover 2-14 leading to the dangerous goods transport passage column from the excavation operation cabin below the dangerous goods transport passage column can be opened in the excavation operation cabin 2-1.

[0037] The excavated dangerous goods are placed in the dangerous goods transport channel, and then the manhole cover 2-14 leading from the excavation operation cabin to the dangerous goods transport channel column is closed.

[0038] The manhole cover 2-15 in the dangerous goods transport passage is opened through the airtight operating hand hole 2-18 in the excavation operation cabin.

[0039] The personnel ladder 2-9 outside the column climbs to the top of the dangerous goods transport column 2-4 and opens the manhole cover 2-16 outside the column of the dangerous goods transport passage.

[0040] A crane is provided on the deck at the top of the dangerous goods transport passage. An external operator slowly lowers the hook of the crane 6 into the dangerous goods transport passage and stops lowering the hook when the hook is about to reach the dangerous goods placement position.

[0041] Hang the dangerous goods on the hook of the crane 6 through the airtight operating hand hole 2-18 and confirm the safety of the hanging.

[0042] Then the crane 6 is started again, and the dangerous goods are slowly lifted from the dangerous goods transport channel to the open deck of the dredging vessel by the crane 6, and the personnel on the deck collect, store or process the dangerous goods.

[0043] Finally, in the excavation operation cabin, the manhole cover 2-15 in the column of the dangerous goods transportation channel is closed through the airtight operating hand hole 2-18.

[0044] This completes the construction work of excavating and transferring underwater dangerous goods.

[0045] After the workers in the excavation cabin 2-1 have completed the excavation work, they need to open the manhole cover 2-11 for entering the excavation cabin through the ladder 2-10 before returning to the open deck.

[0046] Then enter the pressure regulating cabin 2-2. After entering the pressure regulating cabin, first close the manhole cover 2-11 for entering the excavation operation cabin.

[0047] The pressure in the pressure regulating cabin is adjusted from high pressure to normal ambient pressure by slowly reducing the pressure.

[0048] After confirming that the operator has fully adapted to the normal environmental pressure, the operator can open the manhole cover 2-12 leading to the personnel passage column in the pressure regulating cabin, and reach the internal personnel ladder 2-8 through the manhole cover, then go up to the top of the personnel passage column along the ladder, open the manhole cover 2-17 on the top of the personnel passage column, and return to the open deck through the manhole.

[0049] After the excavation operators return to the open deck, they can start the lifting device of the excavation ship and use the lifting device to lift the excavation operation cabin from underwater to the moon pool of the hull.

[0050] This completed the excavation and cleaning of underwater hazardous materials at that location.

Claims

1. A working cabin for underwater dangerous goods excavation, characterized in that: A buoyant hull is provided on the water surface, a square moon pool for water flow is provided in the center of the buoyant hull, lifting holes are provided around the buoyant hull, a lifting device is fixed on the lifting hole, a positioning pile passes through the lifting hole, and is movably connected to the buoyant hull through the lifting device; A guide frame is installed above the moon pool, and the underwater excavation cabin is located between the guide frame and the moon pool. The underwater excavation cabin is divided into two parts, the upper part is the pressure regulating cabin, and the lower part is the excavation operation cabin. The excavation operation cabin has side bulkheads and top bulkheads, but no bottom plate. An internal cabin air pressure monitor is installed inside the excavation operation cabin, and a water pressure monitor is installed outside. Three supporting guide columns are installed on the top of the underwater excavation cabin, namely the personnel passage column, the dangerous goods transportation column, and the support column. The personnel passage column and the support column are respectively located at the two ends of one long side of the excavation operation cabin, and the dangerous goods transportation column is located in the center of the other long side of the excavation operation cabin. The bottom of the personnel access column is connected to the pressure regulating cabin. A stairway is installed inside the personnel access column. The stairway extends from the top of the personnel access column to the bottom and extends into the pressure regulating cabin. A stairway is also installed in the excavation operation cabin. The bottom of the dangerous goods transport column is connected to the excavation operation cabin. A crane is installed on the deck at the top of the dangerous goods transport column. Multiple airtight operating hand holes are set in the dangerous goods transport column. A rack is provided along the height direction of the supporting guide column, and a matching gear is fixed on the guide frame. The underwater excavation cabin can move up and down through the moon pool and the guide frame through the cooperation of the rack and the gear. The buoyant hull is equipped with an air compression system and an underwater chemical hazardous materials scanning device. The air compression system is connected to the pressure regulating cabin and the excavation operation cabin.

2. A working chamber for underwater dangerous goods excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyant hull is also equipped with a generator power system, living cabins and a control room.

3. The working chamber for underwater dangerous goods excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device consists of a hydraulic cylinder and a plug-in pin. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the buoyant hull, and the plug-in pin is connected to the pin hole on the positioning pile. The positioning pile is lowered underwater and inserted into the river bottom mud by utilizing the expansion and contraction and push-pull of the hydraulic cylinder.

4. The working chamber for underwater dangerous goods excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressed air pipeline (5) of the air compression system extends into the underwater excavation cabin to transport the compressed air produced by the air compressor to the underwater excavation cabin.

5. The working chamber for underwater dangerous goods excavation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The buoyant hull is provided with propulsion and positioning thrusters around it.

6. The working chamber for underwater dangerous goods excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A manhole cover is provided between the bottom of the personnel passage column and the pressure regulating cabin, and a manhole cover is provided between the pressure regulating cabin and the excavation operation cabin.

7. The working chamber for underwater dangerous goods excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of cross braces are arranged between adjacent support guide columns.

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