Fabricated light thermal insulation wallboard and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fabricated light thermal insulation wallboard and a preparation process thereof, and relates to the technical field of light thermal insulation wallboards, the preparation process comprises the following steps: adding a water reducing agent into deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding cellulose ether, and uniformly stirring to obtain a cellulose ether solution; adding the polyimide hybrid aerogel and a surfactant into a cellulose ether solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; cement, silica fume, fly ash and hollow glass beads are stirred uniformly, the aerogel cellulose ether solution is added and stirred uniformly, expanded polystyrene particles are added and stirred uniformly, the mixture is poured into a mold, and vibration, demolding and maintenance are performed to obtain the light thermal insulation wallboard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lightweight thermal insulation wall panels, in particular to an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wall panel and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the construction industry, prefabricated lightweight insulated wall panels play a crucial role in building energy conservation and wall renovation due to their ease of construction, light weight, and reasonable thermal insulation performance. However, existing technologies for these wall panels often struggle to balance thermal insulation performance with mechanical strength. The porous structure of traditional insulation materials (such as polystyrene particles) leads to high thermal conductivity, while simply increasing the amount of aggregate significantly increases the weight of the wall panels. Furthermore, conventional aerogel fillers are prone to uneven dispersion in composite systems, resulting in significant degradation of the wall panels' thermal insulation performance over long-term use. Furthermore, the solid-solid phase separation issues of the sol-gel process in existing preparation processes, as well as shrinkage defects in the skeleton structure during curing, hinder improvements in the overall performance of the wall panels. There is an urgent need to achieve synergistic improvements in lightweight, high strength, and thermal insulation through material design and process optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wall panel and a preparation process thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A preparation process for an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard comprises the following steps: S1: adding yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 hours, filtering, and rotary evaporating the filtrate to obtain a metal precursor; Furthermore, during the preparation of the metal precursor, the molar ratio of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate to zirconium oxychloride octahydrate was 1:1; the mass ratio of the total mass of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to acetylacetone to triethylamine was 100:(33-35):101; S2: Add the metal precursor to acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add isopropyl alcohol and nitric acid to deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; Furthermore, during the preparation of the metal precursor sol, the molar ratio of the metal precursor to acetylacetone was 1:(0.8-1); the mass ratio of isopropyl alcohol to nitric acid to deionized water was 1:0.5:2; S3: Add 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2-3 hours, add 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add propionic anhydride and pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add the metal precursor sol to N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; Furthermore, in the preparation process of the polyimide sol, the proportions of the components by mass include: 2-2.5 parts of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide, 3.1-3.5 parts of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 0.22-0.25 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2.95-3.15 parts of tetraethyl silicate, 4.23-4.62 parts of propionic anhydride, 2.37-2.42 parts of pyridine, and 40-45 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone; Furthermore, during the preparation of the polyimide hybrid aerogel, the mass ratio of the metal precursor sol:polyimide sol was (0.9-1.5):50; S4: adding a water reducer to deionized water and stirring evenly, adding cellulose ether and stirring evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; adding a polyimide hybrid aerogel and a surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stirring evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; The cement, silica fume, fly ash and hollow glass microspheres are mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution is added and mixed evenly, expanded polystyrene particles are added and mixed evenly, the mixture is poured into a mold, vibrated, demoulded and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0005] Furthermore, in the preparation process of the lightweight insulation board, the proportions of the components by mass include: 90-100 parts of cement, 17.25-20.5 parts of fly ash, 5.8-6.6 parts of silica fume, 6.9-7.2 parts of hollow glass microspheres, 13.8-19.6 parts of polyimide hybrid aerogel, 8-9 parts of expanded polystyrene particles, 0.046-0.058 parts of cellulose ether, 0.27-0.3 parts of water reducer, 56-69 parts of deionized water, and 0.01-0.012 parts of surfactant; Furthermore, the cement density is 3150 kg / m 3 ; Furthermore, the silica content in the silica fume is 86.42%; Furthermore, the silicon dioxide content in the fly ash is 58.57%; Furthermore, the density of the hollow glass microspheres is 200 kg / m 3 , thermal conductivity is 0.039W / (m·K); Furthermore, the density of the expanded polystyrene particles is 15.8 kg / m 3 , particle size is 4-6mm, thermal conductivity is 0.041W / (m·K); Furthermore, the molecular weight of the cellulose ether is 200,000 g / mol; Furthermore, the surfactant is TX405; Furthermore, the water reducer is a polycarboxylate water reducer.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses a self-made Y and Zr bimetallic precursor sol to form atomic-level crosslinking through Zr-OY bonds in the precursor to inhibit solid-solid phase separation in the sol-gel process and ensure uniform chemical structure of the aerogel; at the same time, Y 3+ It is incorporated into the ZrO2 lattice to form a solid solution, which expands the lattice spacing and inhibits phase change, so that the aerogel can still maintain its nanoporous structure in a high-temperature environment; ZrO2 itself has low intrinsic thermal conductivity, and its nanoporous structure further reduces heat conduction through air layer insulation and infrared extinction effect, forming a slender chain network skeleton, which synergistically enhances the mechanical strength of the aerogel with Y.

[0007] 2. The present invention further uses polyimide chain segments as the main skeleton to form the basic structure of a three-dimensional network and provide mechanical support; a Si-O-Si covalent bond network is formed by hydrolyzing tetraethyl silicate, and the metal precursor sol forms hydrogen bonds with the -C=O and -OH of the polyimide chain through Y-OH and Zr-OH bonds. The two together constitute a "two-phase network", achieving the technical effect of further enhancing the rigidity of the skeleton and inhibiting shrinkage at high temperatures.

[0008] 3. The present invention uses self-made hybrid aerogel as filler and adds it to the preparation process of the insulation wallboard. On the one hand, the low density of the aerogel is utilized to reduce the weight of the insulation wallboard. On the other hand, the high porosity of the aerogel is utilized to significantly suppress gas convection through the nano-scale pores, effectively inhibiting the solid-phase conduction of heat energy through the pore wall and the gas conduction in the pores, giving the insulation wallboard light weight, high strength and thermal insulation properties. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0010] Example 1: A preparation process for an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 48.54 g of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and 51.56 g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding 33 g of acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding 101 g of triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 h, filtering, and drying the filtrate by rotary evaporation to obtain a metal precursor; S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95 g of tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 0.9 g of metal precursor sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 13.8 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0011] Example 2: A preparation process for an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 48.54 g of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and 51.56 g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding 35 g of acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding 101 g of triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 h, filtering, and drying the filtrate by rotary evaporation to obtain a metal precursor; S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95 g of tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 0.9 g of metal precursor sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 13.8 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0012] Example 3: A preparation process for an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 48.54 g of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and 51.56 g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding 35 g of acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding 101 g of triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 h, filtering, and drying the filtrate by rotary evaporation to obtain a metal precursor; S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95 g of tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 1.2 g of metal precursor sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 13.8 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0013] Example 4: A preparation process for an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 48.54 g of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and 51.56 g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding 35 g of acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding 101 g of triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 h, filtering, and drying the filtrate by rotary evaporation to obtain a metal precursor; S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95 g of tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 1.5 g of metal precursor sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 13.8 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0014] Example 5: A preparation process for an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 48.54 g of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and 51.56 g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding 35 g of acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding 101 g of triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 h, filtering, and drying the filtrate by rotary evaporation to obtain a metal precursor; S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95 g of tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 1.5 g of metal precursor sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 16.2 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0015] Example 6: A process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 48.54 g of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and 51.56 g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding 35 g of acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding 101 g of triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 h, filtering, and drying the filtrate by rotary evaporation to obtain a metal precursor; S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95 g of tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 1.5 g of metal precursor sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 19.6 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0016] Comparative Example 1: A process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 100 g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding 33 g of acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding 101 g of triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 h, filtering, and drying the filtrate by rotary evaporation to obtain a metal precursor; S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95 g of tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 0.9 g of metal precursor sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 13.8 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0017] Comparative Example 2: A process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 1 mmol of zirconium oxide to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stirring uniformly to obtain solution A; adding 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stirring uniformly to obtain solution B; adding solution A to solution B and stirring uniformly to obtain a metal sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95 g of tetraethyl silicate and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 0.9 g of metal sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 13.8 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0018] Comparative Example 3: A preparation process for an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, comprising the following steps: S1: adding 48.54 g of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and 51.56 g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding 33 g of acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding 101 g of triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 h, filtering, and rotary evaporating the filtrate to obtain a metal precursor; S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir evenly to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropyl alcohol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir evenly to obtain a metal precursor sol; S3: Add 2 g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 3.1 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and stir for 2 h, add 0.22 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stir evenly, add 4.23 g of propionic anhydride and 2.37 g of pyridine and stir to react to obtain a polyimide sol; add 0.9 g of metal precursor sol to 5 g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir evenly, add 50 g of the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir evenly, age, solvent exchange, and dry with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel; S4: Add 0.27 g of water reducer to 56 g of deionized water and stir evenly, add 0.046 g of cellulose ether and stir evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; add 13.8 g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01 g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir evenly to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution; 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres were mixed evenly, aerogel cellulose ether solution was added and mixed evenly, 8g of expanded polystyrene particles were added and mixed evenly, the mixture was poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

[0019] Experiment: Thermal conductivity performance: Thermal conductivity performance test was performed using a thermal conductivity analyzer according to ASTM C 518; Compressive strength: Use a universal testing machine with the upper platen descending at a rate of 5 mm / min, and record the load at which the sample fails or is compressed by 10%; The experimental data are shown in Table 1 below.

[0020] Table 1 Lightweight insulation board performance test data Conclusion: The lightweight thermal insulation wallboard prepared by the present invention has excellent mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties.

[0021] In Comparative Example 1, the metal precursor lacks metal yttrium, and in Comparative Example 2, zirconium oxide is directly added during the preparation of the metal precursor sol. Both lack the synergistic effect with yttrium, including the inability to form atomic-level crosslinks between Y and Zr through Zr-OY bonds in the precursor to inhibit solid-solid phase separation in the sol-gel process and ensure uniform chemical structure of the aerogel; the inability to form Zr through Y 3+ It is incorporated into the ZrO2 lattice to form a solid solution, which expands the lattice spacing and inhibits phase change, so that the aerogel can still maintain its nanoporous structure in a high-temperature environment, resulting in a decrease in the performance of lightweight insulation wall panels.

[0022] In the process of preparing the polyimide hybrid aerogel in Comparative Example 3, the Si-O-Si covalent bond network formed by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl silicate is lacking. The skeleton structure has reduced reactivity due to the moisture in the metal precursor sol, resulting in a macroporous structure, which reduces the performance of the lightweight insulation wallboard.

[0023] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be embraced therein.

Claims

1. A process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: adding a water reducer to deionized water and stirring evenly, adding cellulose ether and stirring evenly to obtain a cellulose ether solution; adding polyimide hybrid aerogel and surfactant into cellulose ether solution and stirring evenly to obtain aerogel cellulose ether solution; S2: Mix cement, silica fume, fly ash, and hollow glass microspheres evenly, add aerogel cellulose ether solution, mix evenly, add expanded polystyrene particles, mix evenly, pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demould, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wallboard.

2. The process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the preparation process of the lightweight insulation board, the proportions of each component by mass include: 90-100 parts of cement, 17.25-20.5 parts of fly ash, 5.8-6.6 parts of silica fume, 6.9-7.2 parts of hollow glass microspheres, 13.8-19.6 parts of polyimide hybrid aerogel, 8-9 parts of expanded polystyrene particles, 0.046-0.058 parts of cellulose ether, 0.27-0.3 parts of water reducer, 56-69 parts of deionized water, and 0.01-0.012 parts of surfactant.

3. The process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the polyimide hybrid aerogel comprises the following steps: 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide is added to N-methylpyrrolidone and stirred evenly. 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride is added and stirred for 2-3 hours. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and tetraethyl silicate are added and stirred evenly. Propionic anhydride and pyridine are added and stirred to react to obtain a polyimide sol. A metal precursor sol is added to N-methylpyrrolidone and stirred evenly. The previously prepared polyimide sol is added and stirred evenly. The mixture is aged, solvent exchanged, and dried with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to obtain a polyimide hybrid aerogel.

4. The process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the preparation of the polyimide sol, the proportions of the components by mass include: 2-2.5 parts of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide, 3.1-3.5 parts of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 0.22-0.25 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2.95-3.15 parts of tetraethyl silicate, 4.23-4.62 parts of propionic anhydride, 2.37-2.42 parts of pyridine, and 40-45 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone.

5. The process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the preparation of polyimide hybrid aerogel, the mass ratio of metal precursor sol:polyimide sol is (0.9-1.5):

50.

6. The process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for preparing the metal precursor sol comprises the following steps: adding the metal precursor to acetylacetone and stirring evenly to obtain solution A; adding isopropyl alcohol and nitric acid to deionized water and stirring evenly to obtain solution B; and adding solution A to solution B and stirring evenly to obtain the metal precursor sol.

7. The process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the preparation of the metal precursor sol, the molar ratio of metal precursor: acetylacetone is 1:(0.8-1); The mass ratio of isopropyl alcohol: nitric acid: deionized water is 1:0.5:

2.

8. The process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the metal precursor comprises the following steps: adding yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stirring evenly, adding acetylacetone, stirring evenly, adding triethylamine, filtering the precipitate, drying the filtrate, adding the dried product to acetone, standing at room temperature for 24 hours, filtering, and rotary evaporating the filtrate to obtain the metal precursor.

9. The process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the preparation of the metal precursor, the molar ratio of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate: zirconium oxychloride octahydrate is 1:1; the mass ratio of the total mass of yttrium (III) chloride hexahydrate and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate: acetylacetone: triethylamine is 100:(33-35):

101.

10. A lightweight thermal insulation wall panel prepared according to the process for preparing an assembled lightweight thermal insulation wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images