Double-base propellant gel material substitute as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-base propellant gelling material substitute and a preparation method and application thereof, and the double-base propellant gelling material substitute comprises the following components by mass: 10%-20% of an absorption tablet, 40%-60% of nitrocellulose, 20%-35% of a plasticizer, 10%-20% of an inert filler and 1%-5% of a stabilizer, totaling 100%. Preparing a mixed solvent of acetone and absolute ethyl alcohol; weighing a stabilizer, pouring the stabilizer into the mixed solvent, and stirring until the stabilizer is completely dissolved in the mixed solvent; the absorption tablets, nitrocellulose, the plasticizer and the inert filler are mixed and poured into a kneading machine, the mixed solvent dispersed with the stabilizer is poured into the kneading machine, and the mixture is kneaded to form gelling powder strips, so that the double-base propellant gelling material substitute is obtained. The substitute material of the gelling material of the double-base propellant prepared after gelling and the real double-base propellant have high consistency in density, viscosity, specific heat capacity and other key performance parameters, and can effectively replace the real double-base propellant to be used for experimental research and performance test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of double-base propellants, and more specifically, relates to a gelled material substitute for double-base propellants, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Double-base propellant (DBP) is an energetic material composed primarily of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin, widely used in both military and civilian applications. In practical applications, performance testing and safety assessment of DBP require extensive experimental data. However, directly using actual DBP for testing presents challenges such as high cost and high risk. Therefore, developing a surrogate material that can simulate the physical and chemical properties of DBP is of great significance. Prior art research and development of DBP surrogate materials primarily focuses on simulating a single performance parameter, such as density or viscosity, but struggles to simultaneously achieve consistency with actual DBP in multiple performance parameters, including density, viscosity, and specific heat capacity. Therefore, a surrogate material and preparation method that can comprehensively simulate the performance of DBP are urgently needed to reduce propellant testing costs and improve safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0004] To achieve these objects and other advantages according to the present invention, a double-base propellant gel material substitute is provided, which includes the following raw material components, calculated by mass percentage: 40% to 60% nitrocellulose, 20% to 35% plasticizer, 10% to 20% inert filler, and 1% to 5% stabilizer, with the total mass percentage of each component being 100%.

[0005] Preferably, the stabilizer is one of diphenylamine and 2-nitrodiphenylamine.

[0006] Preferably, the plasticizer is a substitute for nitroglycerin, including one of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, tributyl citrate, and triacetin.

[0007] Preferably, the inert filler is one of silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate or barium nitrate.

[0008] A method for preparing a double-base propellant gelled material substitute comprises the following steps: Step 1: preparing a mixed solvent of acetone and anhydrous ethanol; Step 2: Weigh a certain amount of stabilizer and pour it into the mixed solvent, stirring until the stabilizer is completely dissolved in the mixed solvent; Step 3: Pour the absorbent tablets, nitrocellulose, plasticizer and inert filler into a kneader, and pour in a mixed solvent dispersed with a stabilizer, knead to form a gelled medicine strip, and obtain a double-base propellant gelled material substitute.

[0009] Preferably, in step 1, the volume ratio of acetone to anhydrous ethanol in the mixed solvent is 3:1 to 1:3.

[0010] Preferably, in step 2, the ratio of the stabilizer to the mixture solvent is 1:10 to 1:20.

[0011] Preferably, in the step 3, the kneading temperature is 30-40° C., and the kneading time is 30-90 min.

[0012] Preferably, in step 3, the operation process in the kneader is: forward rotation for 5 to 10 minutes, scraping the medicine once, then reverse rotation for 5 to 10 minutes, scraping the medicine once again, then forward rotation for 10 to 70 minutes, starting to discharge the material, and reverse rotation before discharging to facilitate discharging.

[0013] Wherein, the plasticizer used in step 3 is modified dibutyl phthalate, and the modification method of dibutyl phthalate includes: S21. Dissolve styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) in toluene to obtain an SBS solution; add dibutyl phthalate and polyether diol to the SBS solution, stir at 200-600 rpm for 30-50 minutes, and then let stand for 4-12 hours to obtain a mixed solution; wherein the amount ratio of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, toluene, dibutyl phthalate, and polyether diol is 1-10 mg: 200-500 mL: 20-50 mL: 10-15 mL; The mixed solution was subjected to rotary evaporation under the conditions of S22, 10-60 Pa, oil bath heating at 110-120° C., and 180-200 rpm to separate the solute from the solvent. After separation, the solvent was condensed and recovered, and the solute was collected to obtain modified dibutyl phthalate.

[0014] The invention discloses an application of a gelled material substitute for a double-base propellant. The gelled material substitute for a double-base propellant is used as a substitute for a double-base propellant to simulate the performance test and safety evaluation of the double-base propellant.

[0015] The present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: the gelled material substitute for double-base propellant prepared after gelling has a high degree of consistency with the real double-base propellant in key performance parameters such as density, viscosity and specific heat capacity, and can effectively replace the real double-base propellant for experimental research and performance testing.

[0016] The present invention uses styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer to modify dibutyl phthalate to produce modified dibutyl phthalate. Using dibutyl phthalate as a plasticizer further improves the consistency of key performance parameters, such as density and specific heat, between the surrogate material used in double-base propellants and their actual counterparts. The introduction of the styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, through cross-linking, brings the surrogate's density closer to that of nitroglycerin in actual double-base propellants. The addition of a polyether glycol enhances the compatibility of dibutyl phthalate with nitrocellulose, reducing density fluctuations caused by phase separation.

[0017] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the double-base propellant gelled material substitute prepared in Example 3; Figure 2 This is the viscosity-shear rate diagram of the double-base propellant gel material substitute prepared in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0020] It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof. Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a double-base propellant gelled material substitute, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of acetone to anhydrous ethanol of 1:3 Step 2: The proportions of the components, calculated by mass, are: 10% absorbent tablet (a mixture of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose), 40% nitrocellulose, 30% dibutyl phthalate (DBP), 16% barium nitrate, and 4% diphenylamine. Weigh the diphenylamine by mass and pour it into the mixed solvent. Stir until the diphenylamine is completely dissolved in the mixed solvent. The mass ratio of diphenylamine to the mixed solvent is 1:20.

[0021] Step 3: Weigh and mix nitrocellulose, dibutyl phthalate, barium nitrate, and the absorbent tablet according to the above mass ratios. Pour the mixture into a kneader and add a mixed solvent containing a dispersion of diphenylamine. Knead at 30°C for 50 minutes to form a gelled powder strip, thus obtaining a gelled material substitute for a double-base propellant. The kneader is operated as follows: rotate forward for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once, then reverse for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once more, and continue rotating forward for 30 minutes. Discharging begins, and reverse the kneader before discharging to facilitate discharge.

[0022] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a double-base propellant gelled material substitute, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of acetone to anhydrous ethanol of 1:1 Step 2: The proportions of the components, calculated by mass percentage, are: 10% absorbent tablet (a mixture of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose), 40% nitrocellulose, 30% dibutyl phthalate (DBP), 16% barium nitrate, and 4% diphenylamine. Weigh the diphenylamine according to the mass ratio and pour it into the mixed solvent. Stir until the diphenylamine is completely dissolved in the mixed solvent. The mass ratio of diphenylamine to the mixed solvent is 1:20. Step 3: Weigh and mix nitrocellulose, dibutyl phthalate, barium nitrate, and the absorbent tablet according to the above mass ratios. Pour the mixture into a kneader and add a mixed solvent containing a dispersion of diphenylamine. Knead at 30°C for 50 minutes to form a gelled powder strip, thus obtaining a gelled material substitute for a double-base propellant. The kneader is operated as follows: rotate forward for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once, then reverse for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once more, and continue rotating forward for 30 minutes. Discharging begins, and reverse the kneader before discharging to facilitate discharge.

[0023] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a double-base propellant gelled material substitute, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of acetone to anhydrous ethanol of 3:1 Step 2: The proportions of the components, calculated by mass percentage, are: 10% absorbent tablet (a mixture of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose), 40% nitrocellulose, 30% dibutyl phthalate (DBP), 16% barium nitrate, and 4% diphenylamine. Weigh the diphenylamine according to the mass ratio and pour it into the mixed solvent. Stir until the diphenylamine is completely dissolved in the mixed solvent. The mass ratio of diphenylamine to the mixed solvent is 1:20. Step 3: Weigh and mix nitrocellulose, dibutyl phthalate, barium nitrate, and the absorbent tablet according to the above mass ratios. Pour the mixture into a kneader and add a mixed solvent containing a dispersion of diphenylamine. Knead at 30°C for 50 minutes to form a gelled powder strip, thereby obtaining a gelled material substitute for a double-base propellant. The kneader is operated as follows: rotate forward for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once, then reverse for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once again, and then rotate forward for 10-730 minutes. Discharging begins, and reverse the machine before discharging to facilitate discharge.

[0024] Example 4 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a double-base propellant gelled material substitute, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of acetone to anhydrous ethanol of 1:1 Step 2: The proportions of the components, calculated by mass percentage, are: 10% absorbent tablet (a mixture of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose), 40% nitrocellulose, 30% modified dibutyl phthalate, 16% barium nitrate, and 4% diphenylamine. Weigh the diphenylamine according to the mass ratio and pour it into the mixed solvent. Stir until the diphenylamine is completely dissolved in the mixed solvent. The mass ratio of diphenylamine to the mixed solvent is 1:20. The modification method of dibutyl phthalate includes: S21. Dissolve 10 mg of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) in 300 mL of toluene to obtain an SBS solution; add 50 mL of dibutyl phthalate and 15 mL of polyether diol to the SBS solution, stir at 300 rpm for 30 minutes, and let stand for 6 hours to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed solution was rotary evaporated under the conditions of S22, 25Pa, oil bath heating at 115°C and 200rpm to separate the solute from the solvent. After separation, the solvent was condensed and recovered, and the solute was collected to obtain modified dibutyl phthalate.

[0025] Step 3: Weigh and mix nitrocellulose, modified dibutyl phthalate, barium nitrate, and the absorbent tablet according to the above mass ratios. Pour the mixture into a kneader and add a mixed solvent containing a dispersion of diphenylamine. Knead at 30°C for 50 minutes to form a gelled powder strip, thus obtaining a gelled material substitute for a double-base propellant. The kneader is operated as follows: rotate forward for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once, then reverse for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once more, and continue rotating forward for 30 minutes. Discharging begins, and reverse the machine before discharging to facilitate discharge.

[0026] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a double-base propellant gelled material substitute, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of acetone to anhydrous ethanol of 1:1 Step 2: The proportions of the components, calculated by mass percentage, are: 10% absorbent tablet (a mixture of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose), 40% nitrocellulose, 30% modified dibutyl phthalate, 16% barium nitrate, and 4% diphenylamine. Weigh the diphenylamine according to the mass ratio and pour it into the mixed solvent. Stir until the diphenylamine is completely dissolved in the mixed solvent. The mass ratio of diphenylamine to the mixed solvent is 1:20. The modification method of dibutyl phthalate includes: S21. Dissolve 5 mg of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) in 300 mL of toluene to obtain an SBS solution; add 50 mL of dibutyl phthalate and 15 mL of polyether diol to the SBS solution, stir at 300 rpm for 30 minutes, and then let stand for 6 hours to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed solution was rotary evaporated under the conditions of S22, 25Pa, oil bath heating at 115°C and 200rpm to separate the solute from the solvent. After separation, the solvent was condensed and recovered, and the solute was collected to obtain modified dibutyl phthalate.

[0027] Step 3: Weigh and mix nitrocellulose, modified dibutyl phthalate, barium nitrate, and the absorbent tablet according to the above mass ratios. Pour the mixture into a kneader and add a mixed solvent containing a dispersion of diphenylamine. Knead at 30°C for 50 minutes to form a gelled powder strip, thus obtaining a gelled material substitute for a double-base propellant. The kneader is operated as follows: rotate forward for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once, then reverse for 10 minutes, scrape the powder once more, and continue rotating forward for 30 minutes. Discharging begins, and reverse the machine before discharging to facilitate discharge.

[0028] The performance test results of the double-base propellant gel material substitutes prepared in Examples 1-2 and 4-5 are as follows: Among them, a certain double-base propellant includes, by mass fraction, 54% nitrocellulose, 27% nitroglycerin, 12% diethylene glycol dinitrate, 4% titanium dioxide, and 3% No. 2 medium-butyl agent.

[0029] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the viscosity of the double-base propellant substitute in Example 3 and a certain double-base propellant decreases with increasing shear rate, showing a "shear thinning" phenomenon. Both are non-Newtonian fluids, and their viscosities are similar.

[0030] Test results show that the double-base propellant gel material substitutes prepared in Examples 1-3 exhibit high consistency with authentic double-base propellants in performance parameters such as density, viscosity, and specific heat capacity. Specifically, the double-base propellant gel material substitutes prepared in Examples 4 and 5, using dibutyl phthalate modified with a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer as a plasticizer, exhibited density and specific heat data that were even closer to those of authentic double-base propellants, making them more suitable for use as replacements for double-base propellants in performance testing and safety assessments.

[0031] The number of devices and processing scales described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A double-base propellant gelled material substitute, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the raw material components include: 10% to 20% absorption tablets, 40% to 60% nitrocellulose, 20% to 35% plasticizer, 10% to 20% inert filler, and 1% to 5% stabilizer. The total mass percentage of each component is 100%.

2. The double-base propellant gel material substitute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer is one of diphenylamine and 2-nitrodiphenylamine; and the absorption tablet is a mixture of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose.

3. The double-base propellant gel material substitute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is a substitute for nitroglycerin and includes one of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, tributyl citrate and triacetin.

4. The double-base propellant gel material substitute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inert filler is one of silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate or barium nitrate.

5. A method for preparing a double-base propellant gel material substitute according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: preparing a mixed solvent of acetone and anhydrous ethanol; Step 2: Weigh a certain amount of stabilizer and pour it into the mixed solvent, stirring until the stabilizer is completely dissolved in the mixed solvent; Step 3: Pour the absorbent tablets, nitrocellulose, plasticizer and inert filler into a kneader, and pour in a mixed solvent dispersed with a stabilizer, knead to form a gelled medicine strip, and obtain a double-base propellant gelled material substitute.

6. The method for preparing a double-base propellant gel material substitute according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 1, the volume ratio of acetone to anhydrous ethanol in the mixed solvent is 3:1 to 1:

3.

7. The method for preparing a double-base propellant gel material substitute according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 2, the ratio of the stabilizer to the mixture solvent is 1:10 to 1:

20.

8. The method for preparing a double-base propellant gel material substitute according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 3, the kneading temperature is 30-40° C., and the kneading time is 30-90 min.

9. The method for preparing a double-base propellant gel material substitute according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 3, the operation process in the kneader is: forward rotation for 5 to 10 minutes, scraping the medicine once, then reverse rotation for 5 to 10 minutes, scraping the medicine once again, then forward rotation for 10 to 70 minutes, starting to discharge the material, and reverse rotation before discharging to facilitate discharging.

10. An application of a double-base propellant gelled material substitute according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The double-base propellant gelled material substitute is used as a substitute for double-base propellant to simulate the performance test and safety evaluation of the double-base propellant.

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