Garbage cracking gasifier

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass garbage treatment equipment, and discloses a garbage cracking gasifier which comprises a gasifier body and two material boxes, the top end of the gasifier body is fixedly connected with a supporting assembly, the top end of the supporting assembly is fixedly connected with an auger conveyor, and the output end of the auger conveyor is fixedly connected with a feeding mechanism; two rotating rods are rotatably connected to the feeding mechanism, two conductive metal blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the feeding mechanism, a balance plate is rotatably connected to the outer portions of the two rotating rods, an electromagnet is fixedly connected to the top end of the balance plate, and a switch box is fixedly connected to the other side of the top end of the balance plate. The inner wall of the switch box is slidably connected with a button. Compared with an existing mode of completing proportioning of the garbage and the catalyst by means of a complex mechanical structure, the design is faster, meanwhile, the proportioning precision is improved, and the concentration of high-heat gas produced by decomposing the garbage is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass waste treatment equipment, in particular to a waste cracking gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] Biomass waste treatment equipment technology primarily targets organic biomass waste, such as agricultural and forestry waste, kitchen waste, and wood / fiber waste, achieving resource and energy utilization through thermochemical conversion. Unlike traditional solid waste treatment (such as plastics and metals), this technology focuses on the efficient decomposition of organic components in biomass, such as cellulose and lignin, rather than simple physical recovery or landfill incineration. Its core goal is to convert biomass into high-value combustible gases (such as CO, H2, and CH4), and to achieve energy recycling through subsequent applications.

[0003] The biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace can gradually decompose agricultural and forestry straw, kitchen waste, etc. into synthesis gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, or methane-rich biomass gas through pyrolysis, gasification and catalytic cracking. It not only solves the pollution problem of organic waste, but also replaces fossil fuels with energy products, which is in line with the goal of carbon neutrality.

[0004] However, in the existing technology, some garbage cracking gasification furnaces rely on complex mechanical structures and have a delayed response when loading the ratio of garbage and catalyst. This results in low accuracy in the ratio between the crushed biomass waste and the catalyst, thereby affecting the subsequent biomass waste cracking process and reducing the concentration of the decomposed high-temperature gas.

[0005] Therefore, a garbage cracking gasifier is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a garbage cracking gasification furnace, which aims to improve the problem of delayed response of the biomass garbage and catalyst ratio feeding structure and low ratio accuracy in the prior art, and reduce the high hot gas concentration.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: Material toggling mechanism, its both sides respectively have a cylinder pressure, and the cylinder pressure bar connects swing arm, and the swing arm end face has hook portion, and a bar passes position between the end of two swing arms and the hook portion. As a further description of the above technical solution: The support assembly includes a support plate, the bottom end of the middle partition of the support plate is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body, the top end of the support plate is fixedly connected to a support rod, and the outer part of the Jiaolong feeder is fixedly connected to the top end of the support rod; As a further description of the above technical solution: The feeding mechanism includes a conveying pipe, one end of which is fixedly connected to the output end of the Jiaolong feeder, a slope block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material box, a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the material box, a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom plate, a valve is provided on the outside of the discharge pipe, the two bottom plates are rotatably connected to the balance plate through two rotating rods, and the bottom end of the conductive metal block is fixedly connected to the top of the balance plate; As a further description of the above technical solution: A buffer ball is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the bottom plate, and the bottom end of the buffer ball contacts the top end of the upper partition of the support plate; As a further description of the above technical solution: The adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft, the outer portion of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the balance plate to form a lever structure, a cylinder is slidably connected to the rear side of the top end of the balance plate, both driving ends of the cylinder are fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a limit rod, both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to support legs, and the outer sides of the support legs are provided with sliding grooves; As a further description of the above technical solution: The top of the upper partition of the support plate is fixedly connected to a slide rail, the outside of the slide rail is slidably connected to a slider, and the bottom ends of the two legs are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the slider; As a further description of the above technical solution: Two conveyor belts operating in opposite directions are provided inside the upper partition of the support plate, a funnel pipe connected to the furnace body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper partition of the support plate, a slag pit is opened inside the lower partition of the support plate, a conveying mechanism is provided at the top of the lower partition of the support plate, and a hot gas pipe connected to the furnace body is fixedly connected to the top of the middle partition of the support plate; As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer portions of the two limiting rods are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft, and the outer portions of the limiting rods are slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove.

[0008] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, a certain amount of biomass crushed garbage is first shoveled into the interior of the rear end material box, and then the button is pressed. At this time, the contact will contact the power supply plate and energize, thereby connecting the power supply of the Jiaolong feeder, so that it starts to transmit the catalyst to the material box at its bottom. When the balance plate changes from an inclined state to a balanced state, the two conductive metal blocks are connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet will attract the button, thereby disconnecting the power supply of the Jiaolong feeder. At this time, the two valves are opened, and the biomass crushed garbage and catalyst that have been proportioned are transferred to the funnel along the conveyor belt and then fall into the interior of the furnace body to start the cracking treatment of the biomass garbage. Compared with the existing method of relying on complex mechanical structures to complete the proportion of garbage and catalyst, this design is faster and improves the accuracy of the proportion, and further increases the concentration of the high-temperature gas produced by the decomposition of garbage; 2. In the present invention, when biomass waste with different moisture contents needs to be proportioned, the position of the support legs can be adjusted to change the fulcrum of the supporting balance plate. By activating the cylinder, the connecting rod drives the two limit rods to move in opposite directions. Subsequently, the control slide moves on the slide rail, which changes the position of the fulcrum of the supporting balance plate. A unique proportion can be achieved based on the current moisture content of the biomass waste, ensuring the concentration and quality of the high-heat gas generated by the pyrolysis of the waste, thereby improving the applicability of the pyrolysis gasifier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a garbage cracking gasification furnace proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a slope block of a garbage cracking gasification furnace proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive metal block of a garbage cracking gasification furnace proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a balance plate of a garbage cracking gasification furnace proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply plate of a garbage cracking gasification furnace proposed by the present invention; Figure 6This is a circuit diagram of a switch box of a garbage cracking gasifier proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating shaft of a garbage cracking gasification furnace proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A.

[0010] Legend: 1. Furnace body; 2. Support plate; 3. Support rod; 4. Jiaolong conveyor; 5. Conveying pipe; 6. Material box; 7. Slope block; 8. Bottom plate; 9. Buffer ball; 10. Discharge pipe; 11. Valve; 12. Rotating rod; 13. Conductive metal block; 14. Balance plate; 15. Electromagnet; 16. Switch box; 17. Push button; 18. Contact; 19. Energizing plate; 20. Cylinder; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Limit rod; 23. Rotating shaft; 24. Slide; 25. Support leg; 26. Slide rail; 27. Slider; 28. Conveyor belt; 29. Funnel tube; 30. Slag pit; 31. Conveying mechanism; 32. Hot air pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides an embodiment of a garbage cracking and gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body 1 and two material boxes 6. The furnace body 1 is the main body of the biomass garbage cracking and gasification furnace, which can crack and gasify various biomass garbage such as kitchen waste and fiber to convert them into high-value combustible gas, and the two material boxes 6 are used to contain catalysts and biomass crushed garbage. The top of the furnace body 1 is fixedly connected to a support assembly, which includes a support plate 2. The support plate 2 is divided into three layers, upper, middle and lower, and each layer can be used by staff. The bottom end of the middle partition of the support plate 2 is fixedly connected to the At the top of the furnace body 1, the support plate 2 here provides stable support for the furnace body 1, the top of the support plate 2 is fixedly connected to the support rod 3, the top of the support assembly is fixedly connected to the Jiaolong conveyor 4, the outside of the Jiaolong conveyor 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod 3, and the support rod 3 here ensures the stability of the Jiaolong conveyor 4 when conveying the catalyst. The output end of the Jiaolong conveyor 4 is fixedly connected to the feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism includes a conveying pipe 5. One end of the conveying pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the output end of the Jiaolong conveyor 4. The conveying pipe 5 here is used to transmit the catalyst conveyed by the Jiaolong conveyor 4.

[0013] The inner wall of the material box 6 is fixedly connected with a slope block 7. The material box 6 connected here to the conveying pipe 5 is used to hold the catalyst, and the material box 6 at the other end is used to hold the biomass crushed garbage. The slope block 7 here is used to guide the catalyst and biomass garbage. The bottom end of the material box 6 is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 8, and the bottom end of the bottom plate 8 is fixedly connected with a buffer ball 9. The bottom end of the buffer ball 9 is in contact with the top of the upper partition of the support plate 2. The buffer ball 9 here can ensure that the bottom plate 8 will not directly contact the upper partition of the support plate 2 under normal conditions. At the same time, it also reduces the force of the catalyst and biomass garbage inside the output material box 6 falling due to gravity after being output. The inner wall of the bottom plate 8 is fixedly connected with a discharge pipe 10, and a valve 11 is provided on the outside of the discharge pipe 10. The valve 11 here is used to control the switch of the discharge pipe 10, and there are two rotating rods 12 rotatably connected to the feeding mechanism.

[0014] Reference Figures 3 to 5 , the top of the feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to two conductive metal blocks 13, which are the intermediary materials for transmitting current. The external rotation of the two rotating rods 12 is connected to the balance plate 14, and the bottom end of the conductive metal block 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the balance plate 14. The two bottom plates 8 are rotatably connected to the balance plate 14 through the two rotating rods 12. The rotating rods 12 here can ensure that when the balance plate 14 is in a tilted state, the two material boxes 6 are placed horizontally, which is convenient for the staff and the Jiaolong feeder 4 to load the catalyst and biomass waste into it. At the same time, the bottom plate 8 can surround The rotating rod 12 rotates upward at a certain angle, and the parallel state shown in the figure is the minimum. The top of the balance plate 14 is fixedly connected to an electromagnet 15, and the positive and negative poles of the electromagnet 15 are respectively connected to two conductive metal blocks 13. The other side of the top of the balance plate 14 is fixedly connected to a switch box 16, and the inner wall of the switch box 16 is slidably connected to a button 17. The button 17 here is a trigger mechanism. The outside of the button 17 is fixedly connected to a plurality of contacts 18, and the inner wall of the switch box 16 is fixedly connected to two power-carrying plates 19 connected to the contacts 18.

[0015] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 One of the power-carrying pieces 19 is connected to the conductive metal block 13 in the same direction, and the other power-carrying piece 19 is electrically connected to the Jiaolong conveyor 4. When the button 17 is squeezed, the contact 18 can be driven to contact the power-carrying piece 19, thereby connecting the power supply of the Jiaolong conveyor 4.

[0016] Reference Figure 4 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8The inner wall of the balance plate 14 is rotatably connected to an adjustment component that forms a lever structure. The adjustment component includes a rotating shaft 23, the outer side of the rotating shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the balance plate 14 to form a lever structure. The top rear side of the balance plate 14 is slidably connected to a cylinder 20. The two driving ends of the cylinder 20 are fixedly connected to a connecting rod 21, and the other end of the connecting rod 21 is fixedly connected to a limit rod 22. After the cylinder 20 is started, the two connecting rods 21 can be driven to move outward. At this time, the limit rod 22 will be out of the stuck state on the balance plate 14. The outer sides of the two limit rods 22 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft 23. When the connecting rod 21 moves, it can further drive the limit rod 22 to slide outward inside the rotating shaft 23. Both ends of the rotating shaft 23 are rotatably connected to support legs 25. A sliding groove 24 is provided on the outer side of the support leg 25, and the outer side of the limit rod 22 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove 24.

[0017] Reference Figure 1 The top of the upper partition of the support plate 2 is fixedly connected to a slide rail 26, and the outside of the slide rail 26 is slidably connected to a slider 27. The bottom ends of the two legs 25 are fixedly connected to the top sides of the slider 27. At this time, the moisture content of the biomass waste currently required for cracking and gasification is first determined, and then the ratio of the catalyst and biomass waste is determined. Then, the slider 27 is controlled to slide on the slide rail 26. After moving to the appropriate position, the cylinder 20 is re-controlled to retract, so that the limit rod 22 is again locked with the balance plate 14, thereby completing the adjustment. This design can adjust the catalyst ratio according to the current moisture content of the biomass waste, expand the range of biomass waste acceptance while ensuring the concentration and quality of the high-temperature gas after cracking, and thus improve the applicability of this cracking and gasification furnace. Two conveyor belts 28 operating in opposite directions are set inside the upper partition of the support plate 2.

[0018] After the above-mentioned biomass waste and catalyst flow out from the discharge pipe 10, they will fall onto the conveyor belt 28 here. The inner wall of the upper partition of the support plate 2 is fixedly connected to a funnel tube 29 connected to the furnace body 1. The biomass waste and catalyst will fall downward from the funnel tube 29 into the furnace body 1 to start the cracking and gasification operation of the biomass waste. A slag pit 30 is opened inside the lower partition of the support plate 2. The slag pit 30 here is used to temporarily accommodate the waste residue generated during cracking. A conveying mechanism 31 is provided at the top of the lower partition of the support plate 2. The waste residue will be transported from the conveying mechanism 31 here to a special treatment place. The top of the middle partition of the support plate 2 is fixedly connected to a hot gas pipe 32 connected to the furnace body 1. The hot gas pipe 32 here can transport high-temperature gas to the right for subsequent gas treatment steps.

[0019] Working principle: First, the two material boxes 6 respectively assume the temporary storage function of the catalyst and the biomass crushed garbage. Among them, the catalyst material box 6 is connected to the Jiaolong feeder 4 through the conveying pipe 5, and the other material box 6 is pre-loaded with a certain amount of biomass garbage. The inner wall slope block 7 plays a diversion role. The proportioning process is precisely controlled by the electromagnetic-mechanical linkage system: pressing the button 17 in the switch box 16 triggers the contact 18 to contact the power plate 19, turning on the power of the Jiaolong feeder 4, and the catalyst is injected into the conveying pipe 5 and the material box 6 below it through the conveying pipe 5. The balance plate 14 tends to balance with the change of material mass. When the mass of the materials in the two material boxes 6 reaches the preset ratio, the conductive metal blocks 13 at both ends of the balance plate 14 form a closed circuit with the electromagnet 15, and the adsorption button 17 disconnects the contact 18, stopping the catalyst delivery.

[0020] The valves 11 below the two material boxes 6 are then opened, allowing the catalyst and biomass waste to flow out through the discharge pipe 10. The catalyst and biomass waste fall through the discharge pipe 10 onto the opposing conveyor belt 28 and are uniformly fed into the funnel 29 into the furnace body 1. There, pyrolysis, gasification, and catalytic cracking reactions occur under the high temperature environment, generating combustible gas that is transported through the hot gas pipe 32. The carbonized slag remaining in the slag pit 30 is discharged through the conveying mechanism 31 of the partition below the support plate 2.

[0021] To accommodate biomass waste with varying moisture contents, cylinder 20 drives connecting rod 21 outward, releasing the lock on limit rod 22 held by balance plate 14. Sliders 27 then move support legs 25 on rails 26, adjusting the initial tilt angle of balance plate 14. After resetting the balance ratio, cylinder 20 retracts to lock the position. This device, through the synergy of electromagnetic control, lever balancing, and mechanical transmission, converts biomass waste into energy products while reducing secondary pollution.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A garbage cracking gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body (1) and two material boxes (6), characterized in that: The top of the furnace body (1) is fixedly connected to a support assembly, the top of the support assembly is fixedly connected to a Jiaolong feeder (4), the output end of the Jiaolong feeder (4) is fixedly connected to a feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is rotatably connected to two rotating rods (12), the top of the feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to two conductive metal blocks (13), the outside of the two rotating rods (12) is rotatably connected to a balance plate (14), the top of the balance plate (14) is fixedly connected to an electromagnet (15), and the other side of the top of the balance plate (14) is fixedly connected to A switch box (16) is connected, and a button (17) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the switch box (16), and a plurality of contacts (18) are fixedly connected to the outside of the button (17). Two power-carrying pieces (19) connected to the contacts (18) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switch box (16), and an adjustment component forming a lever structure is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the balance plate (14), one of the power-carrying pieces (19) is connected to the conductive metal block (13) in the same direction, and the other power-carrying piece (19) is electrically connected to the Jiaolong feeder (4).

2. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a support plate (2), the bottom end of the middle partition of the support plate (2) is fixedly connected to the top end of the furnace body (1), the top end of the support plate (2) is fixedly connected to a support rod (3), and the outside of the Jiaolong conveyor (4) is fixedly connected to the top end of the support rod (3).

3. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a conveying pipe (5), one end of the conveying pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the output end of the Jiaolong feeder (4), the inner wall of the material box (6) is fixedly connected to a slope block (7), the bottom end of the material box (6) is fixedly connected to a bottom plate (8), the inner wall of the bottom plate (8) is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (10), a valve (11) is provided on the outside of the discharge pipe (10), the two bottom plates (8) are rotatably connected to a balance plate (14) through two rotating rods (12), and the bottom end of the conductive metal block (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the balance plate (14).

4. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: A buffer ball (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the bottom plate (8), and the bottom end of the buffer ball (9) is in contact with the top end of the upper partition of the support plate (2).

5. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft (23), the outer portion of the rotating shaft (23) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the balancing plate (14) to form a lever structure, the rear side of the top end of the balancing plate (14) is slidably connected to a cylinder (20), both driving ends of the cylinder (20) are fixedly connected to a connecting rod (21), the other end of the connecting rod (21) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (22), both ends of the rotating shaft (23) are rotatably connected to supporting legs (25), and a sliding groove (24) is provided on the outer side of the supporting legs (25).

6. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the upper partition of the support plate (2) is fixedly connected to a slide rail (26), the outside of the slide rail (26) is slidably connected to a slider (27), and the bottom ends of the two supporting legs (25) are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the slider (27).

7. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two conveyor belts (28) operating in opposite directions are provided inside the upper partition of the support plate (2); a funnel tube (29) communicating with the furnace body (1) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper partition of the support plate (2); a slag pit (30) is provided inside the lower partition of the support plate (2); a conveying mechanism (31) is provided at the top end of the lower partition of the support plate (2); and a hot air pipe (32) connected to the furnace body (1) is fixedly connected to the top end of the middle partition of the support plate (2).

8. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The exteriors of the two limiting rods (22) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft (23), and the exteriors of the limiting rods (22) are slidably connected to the interior of the sliding groove (24).

Images