Petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification

Abstract

The invention discloses a petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification, relates to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and aims to solve the problems that the structural advantages of an existing petroleum additive composition cannot be fully explored, and collaborative design with other high-performance additives is lacked. The composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20%-40% of a thioacetamide modifier with a comb-shaped structure, 15%-30% of an anti-wear agent, 20%-35% of an antioxidant, 10%-20% of a purification dispersant and 5%-10% of a mixed additive, the thioacetamide modifier is prepared by the following steps: performing ring-opening addition reaction on thioacetamide and maleic anhydride for 3-5 hours under the action of a catalyst at 70-90 DEG C to form an intermediate product, then reacting the intermediate product with polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether with different molecular weights for 2-4 hours at 100-120 DEG C in the presence of a condensing agent, and introducing a polyether chain segment. The additive has the advantage of effectively meeting the urgent requirements of modern petroleum products on high-performance and environment-friendly additives.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, and more particularly to a petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification. Background Art

[0002] In the field of petrochemicals, petroleum additives, as key components to improve the performance of petroleum products, are widely used in various petroleum products such as fuel and lubricants. With the acceleration of the process of industrial modernization, mechanical equipment is developing towards high load, high precision and long cycle operation, which puts higher requirements on the anti-wear, anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion properties of lubricants. At the same time, environmental protection regulations are becoming increasingly stringent, and restrictions on fuel combustion efficiency and pollutant emissions are becoming more and more stringent. There is an urgent need to optimize the comprehensive performance of petroleum products through high-performance additives.

[0003] In the existing petroleum additive system, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate is the most widely used anti-wear agent, but under high temperature and high load conditions, the protective film it forms is easily decomposed, and the anti-wear durability is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the lubrication needs of emerging industrial equipment. Antioxidants mostly use traditional hindered phenols or amines as a single component, which has limited free radical capture and oxidation chain blocking capabilities and cannot effectively deal with the oxidation problems of petroleum products during long-term storage or extreme temperatures. In terms of detergents and dispersants, although traditional succinimides can disperse some impurities, they have weak processing capabilities for complex colloids and carbon deposits, which can easily lead to the accumulation of deposits inside engines and other equipment, affecting operating efficiency and service life. In addition, the performance of rust inhibitors and anti-foaming agents also has limitations. The rust film of traditional petroleum sulfonate rust inhibitors is poorly stable, and the defoaming efficiency of polysiloxane anti-foaming agents is low under complex working conditions, making it difficult to meet the use requirements of petroleum products in multiple scenarios.

[0004] As the application of nanomaterials and composite modification technology in the field of petroleum additives has become a research hotspot, thioacetamide, because it contains sulfur atoms and amide groups, has the potential to chemically adsorb on metal surfaces and participate in various chemical reactions, and has broad application prospects in the modification of petroleum additives.

[0005] However, existing thioacetamide-based modification technologies are mostly simple chemical modifications that fail to fully exploit its structural advantages and lack synergistic design with other high-performance additives, making it difficult to meet the urgent demand for high-performance, environmentally friendly additives in modern petroleum products. In light of this, we propose a petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification, aiming to solve the problems that existing petroleum additive compositions fail to fully exploit their structural advantages and lack synergistic design with other high-performance additives.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification, the composition comprising, by weight, 20%-40% of a thioacetamide modification having a comb-like structure, 15%-30% of an antiwear agent, 20%-35% of an antioxidant, 10%-20% of a detergent and dispersant, and 5%-10% of a mixing aid;

[0008] The thioacetamide modified product is prepared by reacting thioacetamide with maleic anhydride at 70-90° C. for 3-5 hours in the presence of a catalyst to form an intermediate product, then reacting the intermediate product with polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether of different molecular weights at 100-120° C. for 2-4 hours in the presence of a condensing agent to introduce a polyether segment, and finally reacting with a compound containing nitrogen and phosphorus active groups under specific reaction conditions for 1-2 hours to complete side chain functionalization.

[0009] The anti-wear agent is prepared by compounding dialkyl molybdenum dithiophosphate, nano tungsten disulfide particles with an average particle size of 10-30 nanometers and an ionic liquid anti-wear agent in a specific ratio;

[0010] The antioxidant is a compound of a hindered phenol antioxidant and a nitrogen heterocyclic antioxidant;

[0011] The detergent dispersant is prepared by compounding a hyperbranched polyester detergent dispersant and a zwitterionic detergent dispersant;

[0012] The mixed auxiliary agent comprises a rust preventive and an antifoaming agent, wherein the rust preventive is a phytic acid derivative, and the antifoaming agent is a compound of polyether modified silicone and fluorocarbon surfactant.

[0013] Preferably, in the anti-wear agent, the weight ratio of dialkyl dithiophosphate molybdenum, nano tungsten disulfide particles and ionic liquid anti-wear agent is (3-5): (1-3): (1-2), and the ionic liquid anti-wear agent is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole dibutyl phosphate.

[0014] Preferably, in the antioxidant, the weight ratio of the hindered phenol antioxidant to the nitrogen heterocyclic antioxidant is (2-4):(1-3), and the nitrogen heterocyclic antioxidant is a 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-diphenol derivative, which exerts antioxidant effects at different stages with the hindered phenol antioxidant, resulting in significant synergistic effect.

[0015] Preferably, in the detergent dispersant, the weight ratio of the hyperbranched polyester detergent dispersant to the zwitterionic detergent dispersant is (1-3):(1-2). The hyperbranched polyester detergent dispersant is prepared by a multi-step polycondensation reaction with pentaerythritol as the core. The zwitterionic detergent dispersant molecule contains both quaternary ammonium cations and sulfonate anions. The combination of the two greatly improves the dispersibility of carbon deposits and colloidal impurities.

[0016] Preferably, the surface of the nano-tungsten disulfide particles in the anti-wear agent is modified with oleic acid, and the thickness of the oleic acid modified layer is 1-2 nm, which effectively improves the dispersion stability of the nano-particles in the oil phase and prevents particle agglomeration.

[0017] Preferably, 5%-15% of fluorinated graphene is added to the anti-foaming agent, and the fluorine content thereof is 10%-30%.

[0018] Preferably, the invention further comprises 1%-4% of a low-temperature fluidity improver, wherein the low-temperature fluidity improver is a compound of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyacrylate, and the compounding ratio is (2-3): (1-2).

[0019] Preferably, the invention further comprises 0.5%-3% of a friction modifier, wherein the friction modifier is a compound of an oil-soluble organic molybdenum compound and a fatty acid amide, and the compounding ratio is (1-2):(1-3).

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention modifies thioacetamide through specific reaction steps, introduces polyether segments and completes side chain functionalization to form a thioacetamide modified product with a comb-like structure. At the same time, it is rationally compounded with an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a detergent dispersant and a mixing aid. The components work together to give full play to the structural advantages of thioacetamide, effectively meeting the urgent demand of modern petroleum products for high-performance, environmentally friendly additives.

[0022] 2. The anti-wear agent in the present invention is a compound of dialkyl molybdenum dithiophosphate, nano tungsten disulfide particles and ionic liquid anti-wear agent. The surface of the nano tungsten disulfide particles is modified with oleic acid. Compared with traditional dialkyl zinc dithiophosphate, the protective film formed under high temperature and high load conditions is more stable and has stronger anti-wear durability, which can better meet the lubrication requirements of high-load and high-precision operation of emerging industrial equipment.

[0023] 3. The antioxidants in the present invention are a combination of hindered phenol antioxidants and nitrogen heterocyclic antioxidants. The two exert antioxidant effects at different stages, producing significant synergistic effects. Compared with traditional single-ingredient antioxidants, the free radical capture and oxidation chain blocking capabilities are greatly improved, which can effectively deal with the oxidation problem of petroleum products during long-term storage or extreme temperatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the components of the petroleum additive composition of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The petroleum additive composition comprises, by weight percentage, 30% of a thioacetamide modifier having a comb-like structure, 20% of an antiwear agent, 25% of an antioxidant, 15% of a detergent dispersant, 8% of a mixing aid, 3% of a low-temperature fluidity improver, and 2% of a friction modifier. The thioacetamide modifier is prepared by reacting thioacetamide with maleic anhydride at 80°C for 4 hours in the presence of a catalyst to form an intermediate product. The intermediate product is then reacted with polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether at 110°C for 3 hours in the presence of a condensing agent to introduce a polyether segment. Finally, the intermediate product is reacted with a compound containing nitrogen and phosphorus active groups under specific reaction conditions for 1.5 hours to complete side chain functionalization. The antiwear agent comprises dialkyl dithiophosphate molybdenum, nano-tungsten disulfide particles with an average particle size of 20 nanometers and modified with oleic acid, with a modified layer thickness of 1.5 nanometers, and 1-butyl-3-(2-nitrogen-3-ol)-1-ol. The product comprises a mixture of 2,4-dimethylimidazole dibutyl phosphate in a weight ratio of 4:2:1.5. The antioxidant comprises a hindered phenol antioxidant and a 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-diphenol derivative in a weight ratio of 3:2. The detergent dispersant comprises a hyperbranched polyester detergent dispersant prepared by a multi-step polycondensation reaction with pentaerythritol as the core, and a zwitterionic detergent dispersant containing both quaternary ammonium cations and sulfonate anions in the molecule in a weight ratio of 2:1.5. The rust inhibitor in the mixing additive is a phytic acid derivative. The antifoaming agent comprises a polyether-modified silicone and a fluorocarbon surfactant, and fluorinated graphene with a fluorine content of 10% and 20% is added. The low-temperature fluidity improver comprises an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and a polyacrylate in a weight ratio of 2.5:1.5. The friction modifier comprises an oil-soluble organic molybdenum compound and a fatty acid amide in a weight ratio of 1.5:2.5.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] The petroleum additive composition comprises, by weight, 25% of a thioacetamide modifier having a comb-like structure, 25% of an antiwear agent, 22% of an antioxidant, 18% of a detergent and dispersant, 7% of a mixing aid, 2% of a low-temperature fluidity improver, and 1% of a friction modifier. The thioacetamide modifier is prepared by reacting thioacetamide with maleic anhydride in the presence of a catalyst at 75°C for 4.5 hours to form an intermediate product. The intermediate product is then reacted with polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether with a molecular weight of 800 at 105°C for 3.5 hours in the presence of a condensing agent to introduce polyether segments. Finally, the intermediate product is reacted with a nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing active group compound for 1.2 hours to complete side chain functionalization. The antiwear agent is composed of molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate, an average particle size of 15 nanometers, and modified with oleic acid (modified layer thickness 1.2 nm). ) nano-tungsten disulfide particles and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole dibutyl phosphate are compounded in a weight ratio of 3.5:1.8:1.2, the antioxidant is a compound of a hindered phenol-type antioxidant and a 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-diphenol derivative in a weight ratio of 2.5:2.2, the detergent dispersant is a compound of a hyperbranched polyester-type detergent dispersant and a zwitterionic detergent dispersant in a weight ratio of 1.8:1.3, the rust inhibitor in the mixing additives is a phytic acid derivative, the antifoaming agent is a compound of a polyether-modified silicone and a fluorocarbon surfactant, and fluorinated graphene with 8% fluorine content and 18% fluorine content is added, the low-temperature fluidity improver is a compound of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyacrylate in a ratio of 2.2:1.3, and the friction modifier is a compound of an oil-soluble organic molybdenum compound and a fatty acid amide in a ratio of 1.2:2.2.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] The petroleum additive composition comprises, by weight percentage, 35% of a thioacetamide modifier having a comb-like structure, 18% of an anti-wear agent, 28% of an antioxidant, 12% of a detergent dispersant, 6% of a mixing aid, 4% of a low-temperature fluidity improver, and 3% of a friction modifier. When preparing the thioacetamide modifier, thioacetamide and maleic anhydride are subjected to a ring-opening addition reaction at 85°C for 3.5 hours under the action of a catalyst to obtain an intermediate product. The intermediate product is reacted with polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether with a molecular weight of 300 at 115°C for 2.5 hours in the presence of a condensing agent to introduce a polyether segment. Finally, the intermediate product is subjected to a specific reaction with a nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing active group compound for 1.8 hours to complete side chain functionalization. The anti-wear agent is composed of a nanometer-sized dialkyl dithiophosphate molybdenum, an average particle size of 25 nanometers, modified with oleic acid, and a modified layer with a thickness of 1.8 nanometers. Tungsten sulfide particles and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole dibutyl phosphate are compounded in a weight ratio of 4.5:2.5:1.8. The antioxidant is a hindered phenol-type antioxidant and a 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-diphenol derivative compounded in a weight ratio of 3.5:2.8. The detergent dispersant is a hyperbranched polyester-type detergent dispersant and a zwitterionic detergent dispersant compounded in a weight ratio of 2.5:1.8. The rust inhibitor in the mixing additive is a phytic acid derivative. The antifoaming agent is a polyether-modified silicone compound and a fluorocarbon surfactant, and fluorinated graphene with a fluorine content of 12% and 25% is added. The low-temperature fluidity improver is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and a polyacrylate compounded in a weight ratio of 2.8:1.8. The friction modifier is an oil-soluble organic molybdenum compound and a fatty acid amide compounded in a weight ratio of 1.8:2.8.

[0032] The embodiments disclosed in the present invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited to them. Ordinary technicians in this field can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. As long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification, characterized in that: The composition comprises, by weight percentage, 20%-40% of a thioacetamide modified substance having a comb-like structure, 15%-30% of an anti-wear agent, 20%-35% of an antioxidant, 10%-20% of a detergent dispersant, and 5%-10% of a mixing auxiliary agent; The thioacetamide modified product is prepared by reacting thioacetamide with maleic anhydride at 70-90° C. for 3-5 hours in the presence of a catalyst to form an intermediate product, then reacting the intermediate product with polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether of different molecular weights at 100-120° C. for 2-4 hours in the presence of a condensing agent to introduce a polyether segment, and finally reacting with a compound containing nitrogen and phosphorus active groups under specific reaction conditions for 1-2 hours to complete side chain functionalization. The anti-wear agent is prepared by compounding dialkyl molybdenum dithiophosphate, nano tungsten disulfide particles with an average particle size of 10-30 nanometers and an ionic liquid anti-wear agent in a specific ratio; The antioxidant is a compound of a hindered phenol antioxidant and a nitrogen heterocyclic antioxidant; The detergent dispersant is prepared by compounding a hyperbranched polyester detergent dispersant and a zwitterionic detergent dispersant; The mixed auxiliary agent comprises a rust preventive and an antifoaming agent, wherein the rust preventive is a phytic acid derivative, and the antifoaming agent is a compound of polyether modified silicone and fluorocarbon surfactant.

2. A thioacetamide-modified petroleum additive composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the anti-wear agent, the weight ratio of dialkyl dithiophosphate molybdenum, nano tungsten disulfide particles and ionic liquid anti-wear agent is (3-5): (1-3): (1-2), and the ionic liquid anti-wear agent is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole dibutyl phosphate.

3. A petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the antioxidants, the weight ratio of the hindered phenol antioxidant to the nitrogen heterocyclic antioxidant is (2-4):(1-3), and the nitrogen heterocyclic antioxidant is a 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-diphenol derivative, which exerts antioxidant effects at different stages with the hindered phenol antioxidant, producing significant synergistic synergy.

4. A petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the detergent dispersant, the weight ratio of the hyperbranched polyester detergent dispersant to the zwitterionic detergent dispersant is (1-3):(1-2). The hyperbranched polyester detergent dispersant uses pentaerythritol as a core and is prepared through a multi-step polycondensation reaction. The zwitterionic detergent dispersant molecule contains both quaternary ammonium cations and sulfonate anions. The combination of the two greatly enhances the dispersibility of carbon deposits and colloidal impurities.

5. The petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the nano-tungsten disulfide particles in the anti-wear agent is modified with oleic acid, and the thickness of the oleic acid modified layer is 1-2 nm, which effectively improves the dispersion stability of the nano-particles in the oil phase and prevents particle agglomeration.

6. The petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: 5%-15% of fluorinated graphene is added to the anti-foaming agent, and the fluorine content thereof is 10%-30%.

7. The petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes 1%-4% of a low-temperature fluidity improver, which is a compound of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyacrylate, and the compounding ratio is (2-3): (1-2).

8. The petroleum additive composition based on thioacetamide modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises 0.5%-3% of a friction modifier, wherein the friction modifier is a compound of an oil-soluble organic molybdenum compound and a fatty acid amide, and the compounding ratio is (1-2): (1-3).

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