Blade, deicing method thereof and wind generating set

Abstract

The invention discloses a blade, a deicing method thereof and a wind generating set, and relates to the technical field of wind power generation, the blade comprises a shell, a power generation assembly and a deicing assembly, the power generation assembly covers the shell, the power generation assembly comprises a solar panel and a frame, the solar panel is arranged in the frame, and the deicing assembly is arranged in the frame. The surface of the solar panel is covered with a transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conducting layer, the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conducting layer is used for being electrically connected with the wind power generation host and the solar panel, the deicing assembly comprises an acceleration sensor, a thermal infrared imager, a control part and a vibration part, the acceleration sensor is installed at the root of the shell or the front end of the shell, and the thermal infrared imager is installed on the shell. The vibration part is arranged on the frame, the thermal infrared imager is used for detecting the temperature of the solar panel, the acceleration sensor is used for detecting the vibration frequency of the shell, and the acceleration sensor, the thermal infrared imager, the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer and the vibration part are all in signal connection with the control part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a blade and a deicing method thereof, and a wind power generator set. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy sources, wind energy has gained popularity. Because wind energy is an inexhaustible, clean, and renewable energy source, its unique characteristics have led to significant progress in wind power generation. However, wind turbines currently generate electricity only in windy weather. To compensate for this shortcoming, solar panels are installed on the blades, enabling simultaneous generation of both solar and wind power.

[0003] However, since wind turbines are generally installed in cold areas or high altitude areas, the solar panels may freeze. In the existing technology, blade de-icing is generally done by installing a blower at the root of the blade to heat up the inside of the blade, thereby melting the ice on the surface of the blade. However, when heating the solar panel, the solar panel is equivalent to forming an additional thermal resistance layer, which will cause the temperature of the solar panel surface to be much lower than the temperature of the blade, resulting in low de-icing efficiency of the solar panel.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new blade and deicing method thereof, and a wind turbine generator set to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a blade and a deicing method thereof, and a wind turbine generator set, aiming to improve the technical problem of low deicing efficiency of wind turbine generator sets in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a blade, comprising:

[0007] case;

[0008] A power generation component, the power generation component is covered by the housing, the power generation component includes a solar panel and a frame, the solar panel is placed in the frame, the surface of the solar panel is covered with a transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer, and the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer is used to electrically connect to the wind power generation host and the solar panel;

[0009] A de-icing assembly, comprising an acceleration sensor, an infrared thermal imager, a control component, and a vibration component. The acceleration sensor is mounted at the base or the front end of the housing, the vibration component is disposed on the frame, the infrared thermal imager is used to detect the temperature of the solar panel, and the acceleration sensor is used to detect the vibration frequency of the housing. The acceleration sensor, the infrared thermal imager, the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer, and the vibration component are all signal-connected to the control component.

[0010] When the infrared thermal imager detects that the temperature of the solar panel is less than or equal to 0°C, and the acceleration sensor detects that the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy of the shell increases;

[0011] The control component controls the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer to be energized and generate heat;

[0012] When the infrared thermal imager detects that the temperature of the solar panel is less than -3°C, and the acceleration sensor detects that the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy of the shell increases;

[0013] The control component controls the vibration component to vibrate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the blade further includes a wind direction and speed measuring instrument and a light intensity measuring instrument, both of which are signal-connected to the control component. The wind direction and speed measuring instrument is used to detect wind force, and the light intensity measuring instrument is used to detect light intensity. The control component is used to calculate wind power generation power and solar power generation power based on the measurement data of the wind direction and speed measuring instrument and the light intensity measuring instrument.

[0015] When the wind power generation is greater than the solar power generation;

[0016] The control component is used to electrically connect the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer and the wind power generation host;

[0017] When the wind power generation power is less than the solar power generation power;

[0018] The control component is used to electrically connect the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer and the solar panel.

[0019] In one embodiment, the blade further includes a heat conducting pipe, one end of the heat conducting pipe is used to communicate with the cavity of the wind turbine generator, and the other end of the heat conducting pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell.

[0020] In one embodiment, the blade further includes a solenoid valve, which is provided in the heat-conducting pipe for connecting or disconnecting the heat-conducting pipe, and the solenoid valve is signal-connected to the control component;

[0021] When the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power are both less than the preset power generation power of the control component, the solenoid valve is connected to the heat conduction pipe.

[0022] In one embodiment, the outer surface of the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer is coated with a super-hydrophobic coating.

[0023] In one embodiment, the super hydrophobic coating is a photothermal super hydrophobic coating.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a wind turbine generator set, comprising a tower, a nacelle, a hub and a plurality of the blades described above, wherein the tower is connected to the nacelle, a wind turbine generator main unit is arranged in the nacelle, the hub is transmission-connected to the input shaft of the wind turbine generator main unit, the plurality of blades are all connected to the hub, and the plurality of blades are arranged in a circle around the center of the hub.

[0025] In one embodiment, the wind turbine generator set further includes a cleaning device, which is slidably mounted on the frame and is in contact with a side of the solar panel facing away from the housing.

[0026] In one embodiment, the wind turbine generator set also includes a motor, a screw connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a sliding member threadedly connected to the screw, the cleaning device includes a cleaning rod, the cylinder of the motor is set on the frame, the cleaning rod is set on the sliding member, and the cleaning rod is in contact with the side of the solar panel facing away from the shell.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, a blade deicing method is provided. The blade deicing method is applied to the blade described above, and the blade deicing method comprises the following steps:

[0028] Controlling the infrared thermal imager to detect the temperature on the solar panel;

[0029] When the infrared thermal imager detects that the temperature of the solar panel is less than or equal to 0°C, the acceleration sensor is controlled to detect the vibration frequency of the shell when the blades rotate. When the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy in the vibration frequency of the shell increases, the control component controls the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer to be electrically connected to the wind turbine generator and the solar panel.

[0030] When the infrared thermal imager detects that the temperature of the solar panel is less than -3°C, the acceleration sensor is controlled to detect the vibration frequency of the shell when the blade rotates. When the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy in the vibration frequency of the shell increases, the control component controls the vibration component to vibrate.

[0031] In the above scheme, the blade includes a shell, a power generation component and a de-icing component. The power generation component is covered by the shell. The power generation component includes a solar panel and a frame. The solar panel is placed in the frame. The surface of the solar panel is covered with a transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer. The transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer is used to electrically connect to the wind turbine and the solar panel. The de-icing component includes an acceleration sensor, an infrared thermal imager, a control component and a vibration component. The acceleration sensor is installed at the root or front end of the shell. The vibration component is set on the frame. The infrared thermal imager is used to detect the temperature of the solar panel. The acceleration sensor is used to detect the vibration frequency of the shell. The acceleration sensor, infrared thermal imager, transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer and vibration component are all signal-connected to the control component. When the infrared thermal imager detects that the temperature of the solar panel is less than or equal to 0°C and the acceleration sensor detects that the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy in the shell increases, the control component controls the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer to be energized and heated. When the infrared thermal imager detects that the temperature of the solar panel is less than -3°C and the acceleration sensor detects that the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy in the shell increases, the control component controls the vibration component to vibrate. Specifically, the housing is bolted to the hub of the wind turbine generator to ensure a secure connection. The housing is made of a lightweight composite material, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic. Before installation, the blade angle must be calibrated to match the wind direction. The frame is then secured to the housing surface using adhesive or mechanical clamps. The solar panel is embedded in the frame, ensuring a seal between the panel and the frame edges to prevent moisture intrusion. Subsequently, a transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer is applied to the surface of the solar panel and connected to the wind turbine's power supply system and the solar panel's output via wires. The transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer maintains high light transmittance, which does not affect the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. It is also highly weather-resistant and adaptable to cold environments. An accelerometer is then mounted at the base or front end of the housing, preferably at the base to monitor the overall vibration frequency. It can be secured by bolts or adhesive. A vibrating component is mounted on the frame and secured with screws. The vibrating component can be a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator, an ultrasonic vibrator, or other existing vibrators. An infrared thermal imager is mounted near the frame and secured with a bracket, ensuring its lens is aligned with the solar panel surface to detect temperature. The accelerometer, infrared thermal imager, transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer, and vibration component are all connected to the control unit, which is fixed inside the casing or wind turbine cabin. The blades rotate with the wind, and the power generation components start working synchronously in sunny weather. This allows the system to simultaneously convert solar and wind energy into electricity and output it to the power grid or auxiliary systems. When wind power is insufficient, solar power can be used alone for power generation, and when sunlight is insufficient, wind power can be used alone for power generation. By integrating the power generation components into the blades, the blades can additionally generate solar power, increasing the overall output power of the wind turbine and reducing its reliance on a single energy source. The control unit continuously monitors temperature data from the infrared thermal imager and vibration data from the accelerometer.Rime and rime can cling to the blades of solar panels. Rime typically forms between 0°C and -3°C, and its high density and uniform adhesion increase the mass of the entire blade, causing the first-order natural frequency to decrease and the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy to increase. When the infrared thermal imager detects a solar panel surface temperature of 0°C or less and the accelerometer detects an increase in the proportion of low-frequency energy in the shell's vibration frequency, the control unit determines the presence of rime on the blades and outputs a signal to energize and heat the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer. This layer heats up to 5-10°C, melting the rime on the solar panel surface. This process continues until the temperature returns to above 0°C and the vibration energy returns to normal. Since rime typically forms at temperatures below -3°C, its density is low, and the ice crystals are loose and easily detached, causing continuous micro-impacts. This increases the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy. When the infrared thermal imager detects a surface temperature below -3°C for the solar panel and the accelerometer detects an increase in the proportion of high-frequency energy in the shell vibration frequency, the control unit detects the presence of rime on the blades and outputs a signal to activate the vibration component. Since rime is loose and easily detached, this easily breaks up the rime and causes it to fall off. Vibration continues until the high-frequency vibration energy decreases and the temperature rises. Based on the sensor data, the control unit automatically switches to de-icing mode to avoid triggering both heating and vibration simultaneously. Operational data is recorded in the wind turbine monitoring system for optimization of maintenance cycles. The present invention uses an acceleration sensor, an infrared thermal imager and a control component to cooperate with each other to identify the ice state on the blades, and then uses a de-icing method suitable for the current ice state to remove ice according to the ice state. That is, if it is determined to be rime, the rime has high adhesion, then heating is used to remove ice; if it is determined to be rime, the rime is loose and easy to fall off, then vibration is used to remove ice. In this way, different de-icing methods are used according to different ice states, which greatly improves the de-icing efficiency and effectively prevents the accumulation of ice layers, thereby extending the service life of the blades. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view at point A;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power generation assembly provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a wind turbine generator set provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of another perspective of an embodiment of a wind turbine generator set provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a blade deicing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0041] 100. Blade; 1. Shell; 2. Power generation component; 21. Solar panel; 22. Frame; 23. Transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer; 31. Accelerometer; 32. Infrared thermal imager; 33. Control component; 34. Vibration component; 4. Wind direction and speed measuring instrument; 5. Light intensity measuring instrument; 6. Heat conduction pipe; 24. Heat-dissipating layer; 25. Super-hydrophobic coating; 200. Wind turbine; 201. Tower; 202. Nacelle; 203. Hub; 205. Motor; 206. Screw; 207. Sliding part; 204a. Cleaning rod.

[0042] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0045] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0046] Wind turbines can only generate electricity in windy weather, but cannot generate electricity in calm weather, which affects their utilization rate. Solar power generation equipment can only generate electricity during clear daytime hours, but not at night. Organically combining solar and wind power generation, leveraging their respective advantages, can effectively improve the utilization rate and power generation of power generation equipment. Although there are currently schemes that combine wind and solar energy to generate complementary power, wind turbines are generally installed in cold regions or at high altitudes. The combination of wind and solar energy can cause solar panels to freeze. In the prior art, blade deicing is generally achieved by installing a blower at the root of the blade to heat the blade internally, thereby melting ice on the blade surface. However, when heating the solar panel, the solar panel forms an additional thermal resistance layer, which causes the surface temperature of the solar panel to be much lower than that of the blade, resulting in low deicing efficiency. Through research, the applicant has designed a blade that can significantly improve deicing efficiency.

[0047] According to one aspect of the present invention, see Figures 1 to 3The present invention proposes a blade 100, comprising a shell 1, a power generation component 2 and a deicing component. The power generation component 2 is covered on the shell 1, and the power generation component 2 includes a solar panel 21 and a frame 22. The solar panel 21 is placed in the frame 22. The surface of the solar panel 21 is covered with a transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23. The transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 is used to electrically connect with the wind power generation host and the solar panel 21. The deicing component includes an acceleration sensor 31, an infrared thermal imager 32, a control component 33 and a vibration component 34. The acceleration sensor 31 is installed at the root of the shell 1 or the front end of the shell 1. The vibration component 34 is set on the frame 22. The infrared thermal imager 32 is used to detect the solar panel 21. The accelerometer 31 is used to detect the vibration frequency of the shell 1. The accelerometer 31, infrared thermal imager 32, transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23, and vibration component 34 are all connected to the control component 33 in signal communication. When the infrared thermal imager 32 detects that the temperature of the solar panel 21 is less than or equal to 0°C and the accelerometer 31 detects that the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy in the shell 1 increases, the control component 33 controls the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 to be energized and heated. When the infrared thermal imager 32 detects that the temperature of the solar panel 21 is less than -3°C and the accelerometer 31 detects that the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy in the shell 1 increases, the control component 33 controls the vibration component 34 to vibrate. Specifically, the shell 1 is fixed to the hub 203 of the wind turbine generator set by bolts to ensure a secure connection. The shell 1 is made of lightweight composite materials, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic. Before installation, the blade 100 angle must be calibrated to match the wind direction, and then the frame 22 is fixed to the surface of the shell 1 using adhesive or mechanical clamps. The solar panel 21 is embedded in the frame 22 to ensure that the edges of the solar panel 21 and the frame 22 are sealed to prevent moisture from intruding. Subsequently, a transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 is covered on the surface of the solar panel 21 and connected to the power supply system of the wind power generation host and the output end of the solar panel 21 through a wire. The transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 maintains high light transmittance and does not affect the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, it has strong weather resistance and can adapt to severe cold environments. Then the acceleration sensor 31 is installed at the root or front end of the shell 1, preferably at the root of the shell 1 to monitor the overall vibration frequency. It can be fixed by bolts or bonding. The vibration component 34 is installed on the frame 22 and fixed by screws. The vibration component 34 can be a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator, an ultrasonic vibrator, or other existing vibrators. The infrared thermal imager 32 is installed near the frame 22 and fixed by a bracket to ensure that its lens is aimed at the surface of the solar panel 21 to detect the temperature. The acceleration sensor 31 , the infrared thermal imager 32 , the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 and the vibration component 34 are all connected to the control component 33 for signal signals. The control component 33 is fixed inside the housing 1 or inside the wind turbine cabin.Blades 100 rotate with the wind, and in sunny weather, power generation assembly 2 begins operating synchronously, thereby simultaneously converting solar and wind energy into electrical energy for output to the power grid or auxiliary systems. When wind power is insufficient, power generation can be achieved solely by solar energy, and when sunlight is insufficient, power generation can be achieved solely by wind power. By integrating power generation assembly 2 on blades 100, blades 100 additionally utilize solar power to generate electricity, increasing the overall output power of the wind turbine and reducing reliance on a single energy source. Control unit 33 continuously monitors temperature data from infrared thermal imager 32 and vibration data from acceleration sensor 31. Rime and rime can form on blades 100 and cling to solar panels 21. Rime typically forms at temperatures between 0°C and -3°C, and its high density and uniform adhesion increase the mass of the entire blade 100, causing the first-order natural frequency to decrease and the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy to increase. When the infrared thermal imager 32 detects that the surface temperature of the solar panel 21 is less than or equal to 0°C, and the acceleration sensor 31 detects an increase in the proportion of low-frequency energy in the vibration frequency of the housing 1, the control component 33 determines that rime is present on blade 100 and outputs a signal to energize and heat the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23. The temperature of the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 rises to 5-10°C, melting the rime on the solar panel 21 surface. This process continues until the temperature returns to above 0°C and the vibration energy returns to normal. Since rime typically forms at temperatures below -3°C, its density is low, and its ice crystals are loose and easily detached, causing continuous micro-impacts. This increases the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy. When the infrared thermal imager 32 detects that the surface temperature of the solar panel 21 is less than -3°C and the acceleration sensor 31 detects an increase in the proportion of high-frequency energy in the vibration frequency of the shell 1, the control component 33 will determine that rime is present on the blade 100 and output a signal to activate the vibration component 34. Since rime is loose and easily detached, this can easily break up the rime and cause it to fall off. Vibration continues until the high-frequency vibration energy decreases and the temperature rises. Based on the sensor data, the control component 33 automatically switches to de-icing mode to avoid triggering heating and vibration simultaneously. Operational data is recorded in the wind turbine monitoring system and used to optimize maintenance cycles. In this embodiment, the acceleration sensor 31, the infrared thermal imager 32 and the control component 33 cooperate with each other to identify the ice state on the blade 100, and then use a de-icing method suitable for the current ice state to remove ice according to the ice state. That is, if it is determined to be rime, the rime has high adhesion, then heating is used for de-icing; if it is determined to be rime, the rime is loose and easy to fall off, then vibration is used for de-icing. In this way, different de-icing methods are used according to different ice states, which greatly improves the de-icing efficiency and effectively prevents the accumulation of ice, thereby extending the service life of the blade 100.

[0048] See also Figures 1 to 3In one embodiment, the blade 100 further includes a wind direction and speed meter 4 and a light intensity meter 5. Both the wind direction and speed meter 4 and the light intensity meter 5 are connected to the control component 33 by signal. The wind direction and speed meter 4 is used to detect wind force, and the light intensity meter 5 is used to detect light intensity. The control component 33 is used to calculate the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power according to the measurement data of the wind direction and speed meter 4 and the light intensity meter 5.

[0049] When the wind power generation is greater than the solar power generation;

[0050] The control component 33 is used to electrically connect the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 and the wind power generator;

[0051] When the wind power generation power is less than the solar power generation power;

[0052] The control component 33 is used to electrically connect the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 and the solar panel 21 .

[0053] When the control component 33 determines that there is rime on the solar panel 21, the control component 33 receives the current wind force and light intensity measured by the wind direction and speed meter 4 and the light intensity meter 5. Based on the wind force and light intensity, the control component 33 calculates the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power respectively. Then, the control component 33 compares the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power. When the wind power generation power is greater than the solar power generation power, it indicates that the efficiency of wind power generation is high. The control component 33 electrically connects the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 to the wind power generation host, so that the wind power generation host provides energy for heating the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23. When the wind power generation power is less than the solar power generation power, it indicates that the efficiency of solar power generation is high. The control component 33 electrically connects the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 to the solar panel 21, so that the solar panel 21 provides energy for heating the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23. In this way, the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 can always maintain a high operating power, thereby improving the heating efficiency.

[0054] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4In one embodiment, the blade 100 further includes a heat-conducting pipe 6, one end of which is connected to the cavity of the wind turbine, and the other end of which is connected to the inner cavity of the shell 1. When the blade 100 rotates to generate current, Joule heat is generated due to resistance when the current passes through the stator or rotor coil of the generator. At the same time, the alternating magnetic field causes repeated magnetization and induced current inside the iron core, which also generates heat. The friction of various structures inside the wind turbine also generates heat. This heat is generally dissipated directly into the air. In this embodiment, the waste heat inside the wind turbine is introduced into the inner cavity of the shell 1 through a heat-conducting pipe 6. This causes the blade 100 to heat up, and the heat is transferred to the solar panel 21 to achieve de-icing. This, combined with the electric heating of the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23, further improves the de-icing efficiency. It should be noted that the heat-conducting pipe 6 is a carbon nanotube with a heat-conducting layer, the inner cavity of the shell 1 is provided with a microchannel, the microchannel is connected to the carbon nanotube, and a heat-dissipating layer 24 is provided on the side where the solar panel 21 is attached to the shell 1, which can improve the heat transfer efficiency.

[0055] In one embodiment, the blade 100 further includes a solenoid valve, which is disposed in the heat-conducting pipe 6 to connect or disconnect the heat-conducting pipe 6 , and the solenoid valve is signal-connected to the control component 33 ;

[0056] When the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power are both less than the preset power generation power of the control component 33 , the solenoid valve is connected to the heat conduction pipe 6 .

[0057] When the control component 33 determines that there is rime on the solar panel 21, the control component 33 receives the current wind force and light intensity measured by the wind direction and speed meter 4 and the light intensity meter 5, and calculates the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power according to the wind force and light intensity, and then the control component 33 compares the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power. A preset power generation power is preset in the control component 33, and the preset power generation power is the minimum power that can make the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 heat and de-ice. If the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power are both less than the preset power generation power, then It indicates that the heating temperature of the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 is unable to remove the ice on the solar panel 21. At this time, the control component 33 will connect the solenoid valve to transfer the waste heat in the wind power generation host to the inner cavity of the shell 1 through the heat conduction pipe 6, thereby de-icing the solar panel 21; if one of the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power is greater than the preset power generation power, the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power are compared, and the larger one is selected to power the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23, so as to ensure that the heating temperature of the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 is sufficient for de-icing, thereby ensuring the de-icing efficiency.

[0058] See also Figure 1and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the outer surface of the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 is coated with a super-hydrophobic coating 25. The super-hydrophobic coating 25 provides a water droplet contact angle greater than 150° and a rolling angle less than 10°, making it difficult for water droplets to stay on the surface of the super-hydrophobic coating 25, thereby delaying the formation of ice crystals.

[0059] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the super-hydrophobic coating 25 is a photothermal super-hydrophobic coating 25. The photothermal super-hydrophobic coating 25 absorbs sunlight and converts it into heat energy, which increases the surface temperature and accelerates ice melting, further reducing ice adhesion. The photothermal super-hydrophobic coating 25 can melt ice using natural sunlight, further improving de-icing efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0060] According to another aspect of the present invention, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The present invention also provides a wind turbine generator set 200, including a tower 201, a nacelle 202, a hub 203 and a plurality of the above-mentioned blades 100, the tower 201 is connected to the nacelle 202, a wind turbine generator main unit is arranged in the nacelle 202, the hub 203 is transmission-connected to the input shaft of the wind turbine generator main unit, the plurality of blades 100 are all connected to the hub 203, and the plurality of blades 100 are arranged in a circle around the center of the hub 203. The tower 201 is fixed in a position suitable for wind power generation and solar power generation, and then the nacelle 202 is fixed to the top of the tower 201. A wind turbine generator that utilizes wind power is set in the nacelle 202. The hub 203 is connected to the input shaft of the wind turbine generator. Multiple blades 100 are connected to the hub 203, and multiple blades 100 are arranged in a circle around the center of the hub 203. Each blade 100 is provided with a power generation component 2 on the side facing away from the tower 201. The power generated by the power generation component 2 and the power generated by the wind turbine generator are connected in parallel to the power grid for power supply. Since the wind turbine generator set 200 includes all implementation methods of all the above-mentioned embodiments of the blade 100, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by all the above-mentioned implementation methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the wind turbine generator set 200 further includes a cleaning device that is slidably mounted on the frame 22 and engages with the side of the solar panel 21 facing away from the housing 1. In this embodiment, a cleaning device is provided that engages with the side of the solar panel 21 that contacts the outside world. The cleaning device is slidably mounted on the frame 22 and can automatically slide to clean the surface of the solar panel 21, ensuring that the solar panel 21 is in optimal working condition.

[0062] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the wind turbine generator set 200 further includes a motor 205, a screw rod 206 drivingly connected to the output shaft of the motor 205, and a sliding member 207 threadedly connected to the screw rod 206. The cleaning device includes a cleaning rod 204a, the cylinder of the motor 205 is set on the frame 22, the cleaning rod 204a is set on the sliding member 207, and the cleaning rod 204a is in contact with the side of the solar panel 21 facing away from the shell 1. When the solar panel 21 needs to be cleaned, the motor 205 is started, and the screw rod 206 connected to the output shaft of the motor 205 will also rotate along with the output shaft of the motor 205, and the sliding member 207 threadedly connected to the screw rod 206 will move on the screw rod 206, and the cleaning rod 204a is connected to the sliding member 207, so that the cleaning rod 204a will follow the sliding member 207 and move along the length direction of the screw rod 206. The cleaning rod 204a is in contact with the side of the solar panel 21 that contacts the outside world, so that the cleaning rod 204a will clean the solar panel 21 during the movement, so that fully automatic cleaning can be achieved.

[0063] According to another aspect of the present invention, see Figure 7 , Figure 7 FIG2 is a flow chart of a deicing method for a blade 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The present invention further provides a deicing method for a blade 100. The deicing method for a blade 100 is applied to the blade 100 described above. The deicing method for the blade 100 includes the following steps:

[0064] S1, controlling the infrared thermal imager 32 to detect the temperature on the solar panel 21;

[0065] The infrared thermal imager 32 detects the real-time temperature of the solar panel 21 in real time and feeds the temperature back to the control component 33 in real time;

[0066] S2. When the infrared thermal imager 32 detects that the temperature of the solar panel 21 is less than or equal to 0°C, the acceleration sensor 31 is controlled to detect the vibration frequency of the housing 1 when the blades 100 rotate. When the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy in the vibration frequency of the housing 1 increases, the control component 33 controls the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 to be electrically connected to the wind turbine and the solar panel 21.

[0067] When the control component 33 detects that the temperature on the solar panel 21 is less than or equal to 0°C, the blades 100 are rotating and ice crystals are present on the solar panel 21, causing the vibration frequency of the blades 100 to change. The acceleration sensor 31 detects the vibration frequency of the housing 1 when the blades 100 are rotating and transmits the vibration frequency to the control component 33. When the control component 33 detects that the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy in the vibration frequency of the housing 1 increases, indicating the presence of rime on the surface blades 100, the control component 33 controls the wind turbine and the solar panel 21 to be electrically connected to the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23, causing the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer 23 to generate heat and evaporate the rime.

[0068] S3. When the infrared thermal imager 32 detects that the temperature of the solar panel 21 is less than -3°C, the acceleration sensor 31 is controlled to detect the vibration frequency of the housing 1 when the blades 100 rotate. When the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy in the vibration frequency of the housing 1 increases, the control component 33 controls the vibration component 34 to vibrate.

[0069] When the control component 33 detects that the temperature on the solar panel 21 is less than -3°C, the vibration frequency of the blade 100 when it rotates will change due to the rotation of the blade 100 and the presence of ice crystals on the solar panel 21. The acceleration sensor 31 detects the vibration frequency of the shell 1 when the blade 100 rotates, and transmits the vibration frequency to the control component 33. When the control component 33 detects that the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy of the vibration frequency of the shell 1 increases, it indicates that there is rime on the surface of the blade 100. The control component 33 will control the vibration component 34 to vibrate, causing the solar panel 21 to vibrate and remove the rime on the solar panel 21.

[0070] In this embodiment, the acceleration sensor 31, the infrared thermal imager 32 and the control component 33 cooperate with each other to identify the ice state on the blade 100, and then use a de-icing method suitable for the current ice state to remove ice according to the ice state. That is, if it is determined to be rime, the rime has high adhesion, then heating is used for de-icing; if it is determined to be rime, the rime is loose and easy to fall off, then vibration is used for de-icing. In this way, different de-icing methods are used according to different ice states, which greatly improves the de-icing efficiency and effectively prevents the accumulation of ice, thereby extending the service life of the blade 100.

[0071] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields within the technical concept of the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blade, characterized in that: include: Housing (1); A power generation component (2), the power generation component (2) is covered on the housing (1), the power generation component (2) comprises a solar panel (21) and a frame (22), the solar panel (21) is placed in the frame (22), the surface of the solar panel (21) is covered with a transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer (23), and the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer (23) is used to electrically connect to the wind power generation host and the solar panel (21); A de-icing assembly, comprising an acceleration sensor (31), an infrared thermal imager (32), a control component (33) and a vibration component (34), wherein the acceleration sensor (31) is mounted at the root of the housing (1) or the front end of the housing (1), and the vibration component (34) is arranged on the frame (22). The infrared thermal imager (32) is used to detect the temperature of the solar panel (21), and the acceleration sensor (31) is used to detect the vibration frequency of the housing (1). The acceleration sensor (31), the infrared thermal imager (32), the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer (23) and the vibration component (34) are all signal-connected to the control component (33); When the infrared thermal imager (32) detects that the temperature of the solar panel (21) is less than or equal to 0° C., and the acceleration sensor (31) detects that the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy of the housing (1) increases; The control component (33) controls the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer (23) to be energized and generate heat; When the infrared thermal imager (32) detects that the temperature of the solar panel (21) is less than -3°C, and the acceleration sensor (31) detects that the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy of the housing (1) increases; The control component (33) controls the vibration component (34) to vibrate.

2. The blade according to claim 1, wherein The blade (100) further comprises a wind direction and speed measuring instrument (4) and a light intensity measuring instrument (5), both of which are connected to the control component (33) by signal, the wind direction and speed measuring instrument (4) being used to detect wind force, and the light intensity measuring instrument (5) being used to detect light intensity, and the control component (33) being used to calculate wind power generation and solar power generation according to the measurement data of the wind direction and speed measuring instrument (4) and the light intensity measuring instrument (5); When the wind power generation is greater than the solar power generation; The control component (33) is used to electrically connect the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer (23) and the wind power generation host; When the wind power generation power is less than the solar power generation power; The control component (33) is used to electrically connect the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer (23) and the solar panel (21).

3. The blade according to claim 2, wherein: The blade (100) further comprises a heat-conducting pipe (6), one end of which is used to communicate with the cavity of the wind power generator, and the other end of which is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell (1).

4. The blade according to claim 3, wherein: The blade (100) further includes a solenoid valve, which is arranged on the heat-conducting pipe (6) for connecting or disconnecting the heat-conducting pipe (6), and the solenoid valve is connected to the control component (33) via a signal. When both the wind power generation power and the solar power generation power are less than the preset power generation power of the control component (33), the solenoid valve is connected to the heat conduction pipe (6).

5. The blade (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The outer surface of the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer (23) is coated with a super-hydrophobic coating (25).

6. The blade according to claim 5, wherein: The super hydrophobic coating (25) is a photothermal super hydrophobic coating (25).

7. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tower (201), a nacelle (202), a hub (203) and a plurality of blades (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the tower (201) is connected to the nacelle (202), a wind turbine main engine is arranged in the nacelle (202), the hub (203) is connected to the input shaft of the wind turbine main engine, the plurality of blades (100) are connected to the hub (203), and the plurality of blades (100) are arranged in a circle around the center of the hub (203).

8. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 7, wherein: The wind turbine generator set (200) further comprises a cleaning device, which is slidably mounted on the frame (22) and is in contact with a side of the solar panel (21) facing away from the housing (1).

9. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 8, wherein: The wind turbine generator set (200) further comprises a motor (205), a screw rod (206) drivingly connected to an output shaft of the motor (205), and a sliding member (207) threadedly connected to the screw rod (206); the cleaning device comprises a cleaning rod (204a); the cylinder of the motor is arranged on a frame (22); the cleaning rod (204a) is arranged on the sliding member (207); and the cleaning rod (204a) is in contact with a side of the solar panel (21) facing away from the housing (1).

10. A blade deicing method, the blade deicing method being applied to a blade (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The blade deicing method comprises the following steps: controlling the infrared thermal imager (32) to detect the temperature on the solar panel (21); When the infrared thermal imager (32) detects that the temperature of the solar panel (21) is less than or equal to 0° C., the acceleration sensor (31) is controlled to detect the vibration frequency of the housing (1) when the blade (100) rotates; when the proportion of low-frequency vibration energy in the vibration frequency of the housing (1) increases, the control component (33) controls the transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer (23) to be electrically connected to the wind power generation host and the solar panel (21); When the infrared thermal imager (32) detects that the temperature of the solar panel (21) is less than -3°C, the acceleration sensor (31) is controlled to detect the vibration frequency of the shell (1) when the blade (100) rotates. When the proportion of high-frequency vibration energy in the vibration frequency of the shell (1) increases, the control component (33) controls the vibration component (34) to vibrate.

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